CN108368236A - 软质聚氨酯泡沫和座垫 - Google Patents

软质聚氨酯泡沫和座垫 Download PDF

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CN108368236A
CN108368236A CN201680073151.7A CN201680073151A CN108368236A CN 108368236 A CN108368236 A CN 108368236A CN 201680073151 A CN201680073151 A CN 201680073151A CN 108368236 A CN108368236 A CN 108368236A
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mass
mdi
foaming
polyalcohol
polyurethane foams
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吉富浩介
瀬口英青
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Bridgestone Corp
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Abstract

本发明提供一种软质聚氨酯泡沫,其通过将含有多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、发泡剂和催化剂的发泡原液发泡成形而得到。多元醇包括重均分子量Mw为3,000~8,000且官能团数为3~4的聚醚多元醇A。二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)包括相对于所述MDI的总质量为80质量%以上的单体MDI。单体MDI包括相对于所述MDI的总质量为70质量%以下的4,4‑MDI。

Description

软质聚氨酯泡沫和座垫
技术领域
本发明涉及用于如汽车部件和室内家居用品的各种成形品的软质聚氨酯泡沫,以及使用该软质聚氨酯泡沫的座垫(座椅用衬垫材料)。
本申请要求基于2015年12月16日在日本提交的日本专利申请No.2015-245709的优先权,在此将其内容通过参考引入。
背景技术
软质聚氨酯泡沫如用于汽车等的车辆用座垫,室内用的椅子、寝具等的衬垫材料,以及房屋的地板用缓冲材料等各种用途。根据用途要求有各种机械性质,并且在汽车用座垫中要求有愉快的乘坐舒适性。
作为具有适当的回弹力、轻量和具有优异的振动吸收特性的聚氨酯泡沫,本申请人提出了专利文献1的聚氨酯泡沫。该聚氨酯泡沫是通过将包含多元醇和异氰酸酯的聚氨酯发泡原液发泡成形而得到的聚氨酯泡沫,其中使分子量、不饱和度和分子量/官能团数限定在特定范围内的聚醚多元醇用作主要组分,并进一步添加有机处理的无机填料。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2008-127514号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明提供一种具有优异的机械性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫,以及由该软质聚氨酯泡沫形成的具有优异的乘坐舒适性和耐久性的座垫。
用于解决问题的方案
[1]一种软质聚氨酯泡沫,其通过将含有多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、发泡剂和催化剂的发泡原液发泡成形而得到,
其中所述多元醇包括重均分子量(Mw)为3,000~8,000且官能团数为3~4的聚醚多元醇A,
其中所述二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯包括相对于所述二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的总质量为80质量%以上的单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,
其中所述单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯包括相对于所述单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的总质量为70质量%以下的4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
发明的效果
由于本发明的软质聚氨酯泡沫具有优异的机械性质,因此由该软质聚氨酯泡沫形成的座垫提供令人愉快的乘坐舒适性,具有优异的耐久性,并且能够防止在使用该座垫的座椅于制造时和使用时产生缺陷。
具体实施方式
以下说明本发明的示例性实施方案,但本发明不限于这些实施方案。
本发明的软质聚氨酯泡沫是通过将含有多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、发泡剂和催化剂的发泡原液发泡成形获得的软质聚氨酯泡沫,并且满足下述(A)~(C)。
(A)多元醇包括重均分子量(Mw)为3,000~8,000且官能团数为3~4的聚醚多元醇A。
(B)二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)包括相对于MDI的总质量为80质量%以上的单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(单体MDI),和
(C)单体MDI包括相对于单体MDI的总质量为70质量%以下的4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4-MDI)。
<多元醇>
(聚醚多元醇A)
发泡原液中含有的聚醚多元醇A是重均分子量(Mw)为3,000~8,000且官能团数(羟基数)为3~4的聚醚多元醇。作为聚醚多元醇A,由于具有良好的反应性,优选通过烯化氧的开环聚合得到的聚醚多元醇。
烯化氧的实例包括氧化丙烯(PO)和氧化乙烯(EO)。用作聚醚多元醇A的材料的烯化氧可以是一种或两种以上。
发泡原液中含有的聚醚多元醇A中含有的PO与EO的混合比(质量比)没有特别限定。例如,作为EO/PO(质量比),优选为0/100~25/75,更优选为0/100~20/80。当EO/PO(质量比)在上述范围内时,可以容易地获得具有优异的机械性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫。
发泡原液中含有的聚醚多元醇A的一分子中包括的羟基(官能团)的数目优选为3~4。在该合适的范围内,发泡原液的粘度变得适当,并且可以获得具有优异物理性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫。
发泡原液中含有的聚醚多元醇A的重均分子量(Mw)优选为4,000~7,500,更优选为4,500~7,000,最优选为5,000~6,500。当聚醚多元醇A的重均分子量为8,000以下时,发泡原液的粘度变得适当,搅拌效率变得良好。另一方面,当聚醚多元醇A的重均分子量为3,000以上时,可以获得具有适当硬度的软质聚氨酯泡沫。
这里,重均分子量(Mw)是通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC法)作为聚苯乙烯换算值算出的值。
发泡原液中含有的聚醚多元醇A的不饱和度优选为0.03毫当量/g以下。当不饱和度为0.03毫当量/g以下时,可以获得具有良好物理性质如耐久性的软质聚氨酯泡沫。这里,“不饱和度”指的是根据日本工业标准JIS K1557-1970,使用其中通过乙酸汞(II)对样品中的不饱和键作用而游离的乙酸用氢氧化钾进行滴定的方法而测定的总不饱和度(毫当量/g)。
发泡原液中含有的聚醚多元醇A可以是一种或两种以上。
这里,作为任选组分,除了聚醚多元醇A之外,还可以使用重均分子量(Mw)为1,000~4,000且官能团为2个的聚醚多元醇B。聚醚多元醇B的除重均分子量(Mw)和官能团数以外的特征可以与聚醚多元醇A的特征相同,可以使用一种或两种以上的聚醚多元醇B。当使用聚醚多元醇B时,可以改进软质聚氨酯泡沫的机械强度。
为了容易赋予通过将发泡原液发泡成形而得到的软质聚氨酯泡沫以期望的物理性质,相对于发泡原液中含有的多元醇的总质量,对应于聚醚多元醇A的一种或两种以上的聚醚多元醇的总含量优选为60质量%以上,更优选为70质量%~95质量%,最优选为80质量%~90质量%。另外,出于同样的理由,相对于发泡原液中含有的多元醇的总质量,对应于聚醚多元醇B的一种或两种以上的聚醚多元醇的总含量优选为0质量%~30质量%,更优选为1质量%~15质量%。
对于发泡原液中含有的多元醇,也可以使用与聚醚多元醇A不同的组分聚合物多元醇A'。“聚合物多元醇”通常指的是通过将聚醚多元醇中的烯属不饱和化合物聚合而得到的聚合物组合物或混合物,可以使用广泛用于聚氨酯发泡成形体的聚合物多元醇。例如,可以使用通过如聚丙烯腈或丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(AN/ST共聚物)等的聚合物组分在包括聚环氧烷且重均分子量(Mw)为3,000~8,000、更优选为4,000~7,000的聚醚多元醇中接枝共聚而得到的聚合物多元醇。作为用作聚环氧烷的原料的烯化氧,优选包括作为官能团(聚合性基团)的氧化丙烯(PO)的烯化氧,更优选仅包括氧化丙烯的烯化氧或同时包括氧化丙烯和氧化乙烯(EO)的烯化氧。另外,上述聚合物组分的含量相对于聚合物多元醇A'的总质量优选为10质量%~50质量%。
当聚醚多元醇A和聚合物多元醇A'一起用作发泡原液中含有的多元醇时,聚醚多元醇A/聚合物多元醇A'(质量比)优选为70/30~99/1,更优选为80/20~99/1,最优选为85/15~99/1。在上述范围内,可以容易获得具有期望的物理性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫。
(多元醇C)
另外,对于发泡原液中含有的多元醇,除了多元醇A(和多元醇B)以外,还可以使用多元醇C,其起到使软质聚氨酯泡沫的气泡连通化的连通化剂(communicating agent)的功能。
作为多元醇C,优选在构成多元醇骨架的烯氧基(alkyleneoxy group)中含有最多[EO基]的多元醇,即,基于质量,具有[EO基]的量大于[EO基]以外的烯氧基(例如碳原子数为3的烯氧基和碳原子数为4的烯氧基)的量的聚醚多元醇。另外,多元醇C优选为[EO基]无规分布在分子链中的多元醇,即具有无规共聚结构的聚醚多元醇。
另外,多元醇C的羟基值(单位:mg KOH/g)为200以下,优选为150以下,更优选为100以下,多元醇C的羟基值通过下式算出。
羟基值=56,100÷重均分子量×官能团数
当多元醇C用作上述连通化剂时,软质聚氨酯泡沫的耐久性得以改进。关于多元醇C的量,为了得到改进耐久性的效果,相对于发泡原液中含有的多元醇的总重量,多元醇C的总含量优选为0.1重量%以上,更优选为1质量%~10质量%,最优选为2质量%~7质量%。
<二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯>
对于发泡原液中含有的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI),相对于MDI的总质量,含有80质量%以上的单体MDI。单体MDI含有相对于单体MDI的总质量为70质量%以下的4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4-MDI)。当使用这样的MDI时,可以显著改进软质聚氨酯泡沫的机械性质。下面将说明对于获得改进机械性质的效果而言优选的MDI的组成。作为MDI,可以仅使用单体MDI,或者可以使用多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯(聚合MDI)和单体MDI的组合。然而,当使用它们的组合时,单体MDI的量相对于MDI的总质量为80质量%以上,优选为85质量%以上,最优选为90质量%以上,由此机械强度得到改进。这里,聚合MDI是由下式(1)表示的化合物的总称。
[化学式1]
(式中,n表示1以上的整数)
单体MDI的具体实例包括作为MDI的异构体的4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4-MDI)、2,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4-MDI)和2,2-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,2-MDI)。这些之中,优选的单体MDI具有4,4-MDI的量相对于单体MDI的总质量为70质量%以下,优选为50质量%~65质量%,最优选为50质量%~60质量%。
另外,当单体MDI为80质量%以上时,4,4-MDI的量优选为70质量%以下。另外,当单体MDI为95~100%时,4,4-MDI的量优选为60质量%以下。
只要满足上述要求,MDI可以是通过MDI合成反应得到的未处理的粗(原料)MDI,或者可以通过减压蒸馏从粗(原料)MDI中分离期望量的单体MDI并调整组成而得到。另外,分离的单体MDI可以单独使用,或者可以使用以预定比例混合的不同种类的单体MDI和聚合MDI。
另外,当使用聚合MDI时,所有MDI的粘度(25℃)优选为5mPa·s~200mPa·s。上述粘度更优选为10mPa·s~150mPa·s,最优选为15mPa·s~100mPa·s。
源自于发泡原液中含有的MDI的异氰酸酯指数优选为70~120,更优选为80~100。当异氰酸酯指数为70以上时,可以容易搅拌发泡原液。当异氰酸酯指数为120以下时,可以防止泡沫的塌陷,并且可以容易得到更良好的泡沫。
异氰酸酯指数指的是实际的添加量相对于与泡沫原料中的多元醇等包括的所有活性氢反应的多异氰酸酯的化学计量算出的必要量的百分比。例如,当异氰酸酯指数为90时,这意味着相对于与泡沫原料中的多元醇等包括的所有活性氢反应的化学计量的必要量,添加以质量百分比计的90%的多异氰酸酯。
作为任选组分,除了上述(C)的MDI以外,可以少量添加MDI以外的公知的多异氰酸酯。例如,甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、三苯基二异氰酸酯、二甲苯二异氰酸酯、多亚甲基多亚苯基多异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯是示例性实例。
为了容易赋予通过将发泡原液发泡成形而得到的软质聚氨酯泡沫以期望的物理性质,相对于发泡原液中含有的多异氰酸酯的总质量,一种或两种以上的MDI的总含量优选为70质量%以上,更优选为80质量%~100质量%,仍更优选为90质量%~100质量%,最优选为95质量%~100质量%。
<发泡剂>
作为发泡原液中含有的发泡剂,优选使用水。由于水与多异氰酸酯反应生成二氧化碳气体,因此水起到发泡剂的功能。
发泡原液中的水的含量相对于100质量份的多元醇优选为1~7质量份,更优选为2~5质量份。在上述范围内,可以容易获得具有期望的物理性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫。另外,可以防止所得软质聚氨酯泡沫的热压缩残余应变特性劣化。
<催化剂>
作为发泡原液中含有的催化剂,可以使用聚氨酯泡沫领域中使用的公知的催化剂。公知的催化剂的实例包括胺系催化剂和锡催化剂。
通常,公知的催化剂大致分类为凝胶化催化剂(gelling catalyst)和发泡催化剂。
凝胶化催化剂促进通过多元醇和多异氰酸酯的反应合成聚氨酯。将发泡催化剂常数与凝胶化催化剂常数之比(发泡催化剂常数/凝胶化催化剂常数)为1以下的催化剂称为凝胶化催化剂。
发泡催化剂促进聚氨酯的发泡而不是凝胶化。将发泡催化剂常数与凝胶化催化剂常数之比大于1的催化剂称为发泡催化剂。
此处,凝胶化催化剂常数是用于确定多元醇与多异氰酸酯之间的凝胶化反应的速度的常数,随着其值增大,发泡体的交联密度增加。具体地,使用甲苯二异氰酸酯和二甘醇之间的凝胶化反应的反应常数。另一方面,发泡催化剂常数是用于确定多异氰酸酯和水之间的发泡反应的速度的常数,随着其值增大,发泡体的泡孔的连通性改进。具体地,使用甲苯二异氰酸酯和水之间的发泡反应的反应常数。
凝胶化催化剂常数和发泡催化剂常数通过公知的方法确定。
在本发明中,优选使用含有凝胶化催化剂和发泡催化剂的催化剂。当使用这样的催化剂时,可以改进软质聚氨酯泡沫的机械强度。
凝胶化催化剂的实例包括如三亚乙基二胺(TEDA)、三亚乙基二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺、N,N,N',N'-四甲基丙二胺、N,N,N',N”,N”-五甲基-(3-氨基丙基)乙二胺,N,N,N',N”,N”-五甲基二亚丙基三胺,N,N,N',N'-四甲基胍和135-三(N,N-二甲基氨基丙基)六氢-S-三嗪等的叔胺类;如1-甲基咪唑、1,2-二甲基咪唑和1-异丁基-2-甲基咪唑等的咪唑类;N,N,N',N'-四甲基六亚甲基二胺、N-甲基-N'-(2-二甲基氨基乙基)哌嗪、N,N'-二甲基哌嗪、N-甲基哌嗪、N-甲基吗啉和N-乙基吗啉;和1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、1,1'-(3-(二甲基氨基)丙基)亚氨基)双(2-丙醇)。作为凝胶化催化剂,优选叔胺系催化剂。
发泡催化剂的实例包括双(2-二甲基氨基乙基)醚、N,N,N',N”,N”-五甲基二亚乙基三胺和N,N,N',N',N”,N”'-六甲基三亚乙基四胺。作为发泡催化剂,优选叔胺系催化剂。
另外,对于凝胶化催化剂,除了上述胺系催化剂以外,作为锡催化剂,可以使用公知的有机锡催化剂,例如辛酸亚锡、月桂酸亚锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二马来酸二丁基锡、二乙酸二丁基锡、二乙酸二辛基锡和辛酸锡。凝胶化催化剂和发泡催化剂均可以以通过用如二丙二醇和聚丙二醇等公知的溶剂稀释而获得的溶液的形式使用。
当凝胶化催化剂和发泡催化剂一起使用时,发泡原液中含有的凝胶化催化剂:发泡催化剂的质量比优选为100:0~100:200。当发泡催化剂的质量比增加时,可以改进软质聚氨酯泡沫的机械强度。
发泡原液中的胺系催化剂的含量相对于100质量份的多元醇优选为0.1~5.0质量份,更优选为0.3~3.0质量份,最优选为0.5~2.0质量份。
当该含量为上述范围的下限值以上时,可以防止泡沫塌陷。当该含量为上述范围的上限值以下时,可以防止由于过度的独立泡孔造成的收缩。
发泡原液中的锡催化剂的含量相对于100质量份的多元醇优选为0.001~1质量份。
<稳泡剂>
发泡原液中可以含有稳泡剂。作为稳泡剂,可以使用聚氨酯泡沫领域中使用的公知的稳泡剂。例如,可以使用硅酮系稳泡剂、阴离子稳泡剂和阳离子稳泡剂。这样的稳泡剂包括在分子链末端具有羟基的稳泡剂。
发泡原液中的稳泡剂的含量相对于100质量份的多元醇优选为0.1~5质量份,更优选为0.5~3质量份,最优选为0.7~2质量份。通常,在5质量份以下的含有比例的情况下可充分获得作为稳泡剂的效果。另外,当含有比例为0.1质量份以上时,多元醇和多异氰酸酯的搅拌性得以改进,并且可以容易得到具有期望的物理性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫。
<其他任选组分>
根据需要,可以将各种添加剂添加至发泡原液中。例如,可以添加交联剂、如颜料等着色剂、链延长剂,如碳酸钙等填料、阻燃剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、如炭黑等导电性物质和抗菌剂。各种添加剂的添加量根据用途和目的适当调整。
<发泡原液的制备方法>
对发泡原液的制备方法没有特别限制。例如,可以使用以下制备方法:制备包括除了多异氰酸酯以外的其余原料的混合物(以下有时称为“多元醇混合物”),然后与多异氰酸酯混合,而获得发泡原液。
当制备多元醇混合物时,可以使用公知的方法用于混合。
然后,在软质聚氨酯泡沫的发泡成形步骤中,可以混合多元醇混合物和多异氰酸酯。
制备的多元醇混合物在液温25℃下的粘度优选为4,000mPa·s以下,更优选为3,000mPa·s以下。在这样的适宜的粘度范围内,发泡原液的搅拌效率变得良好,从整个发泡原液均匀获得充分的发泡量,并且可以容易获得具有期望的物理性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫(发泡成形体)。
使用发泡原液将软质聚氨酯泡沫发泡成形的方法没有特别限制。例如,可以使用将发泡原液注入形成于模具内的模腔内,并且进行发泡成形的公知的方法。
在上述公知的方法中,注入的发泡原液的液温优选为10~50℃。模具的温度优选为40~80℃。当发泡原液的液温和模具的温度在上述适宜的范围内时,可以容易获得合适的发泡。与发泡一起,多元醇组分和MDI聚合形成聚氨酯,随着聚合进行,聚氨酯固化。然后,当脱模时,获得期望的软质聚氨酯泡沫。这里,可以对得到的软质聚氨酯泡沫进一步进行公知的除膜处理。
这里,根据本发明的软质聚氨酯泡沫的“软质”是指当用手按压软质聚氨酯泡沫或使用者坐在软质聚氨酯泡沫上时软质聚氨酯泡沫变形和凹陷这样的程度的硬度(刚性)。
[实施例]
以下参考实施例来更详细说明本发明。然而,本发明不限于以下实施例。
[实施例1~21和比较例1~5]
根据表1~3中所示的配方,将含有除MDI以外的组分的混合溶液和MDI混合在一起以制备发泡原液。(表中,除非另有说明,原料的量的单位为质量份)。在这种情况下,聚氨酯发泡原液的液温为25℃。接着,在原液制备之后立即在温度设定为60℃的模具中使其发泡并固化,脱模,得到座垫用聚氨酯泡沫。将发泡原液注入模具中并进行发泡成形以制造座垫。通过下述测定方法评价得到的座垫的性能。
结果一并示于表1~3中。
[表1]
[表2]
[表3]
表1~表3中的原料的详情如下。
“PPG-1”是聚醚多元醇A,官能团数为3且重均分子量为6,000的EO末端多元醇(SANNIX FA 921,购自Sanyo Chemical Industries,Ltd.)。
“PPG-2”是聚醚多元醇B,官能团数为2,重均分子量为2,000,EO/PO质量比=0/100。
“PPG-3”是聚醚多元醇B,官能团数为2,重均分子量为4,000,EO/PO质量比=0/100。
“POP”是聚合物多元醇A'(KC855,购自Sanyo Chemical Industries,Ltd.)。
“交联剂”是官能团数为4、重均分子量为400、和羟基值为561mg KOH/g的聚醚多元醇(EO 100质量%)。
“连通化剂”是官能团数为3、羟基值为42mg KOH/g、和EO/PO质量比=81/19的多元醇C(商品名:Lupranol L2047,购自BASF)。
“凝胶化催化剂”是三亚乙基二胺(TEDA)(33质量%)和二丙二醇(DPG)(67质量%)的混合物(商品名:DABCO(DABCO)33LV,购自Air Products and Chemicals,Inc.)。
“发泡催化剂”是双(2-二甲基氨基乙基)醚(BDMEE)(23质量%)和二丙二醇(DPG)(77质量%)的混合物(购自Tosoh Corporation,商品名:ET33B)。
“稳泡剂”是硅酮系稳泡剂(商品名:Niax silicone L3627,购自MomentivePerformance Materials Inc.)
“发泡剂”是水。
作为“MDI”,在实施例12中使用MDI3。
在实施例13和比较例4中,MDI2和MDI3以任意的比例混合,而得到表中所示的质量%。
在其他实施例和比较例中,MDI1、MDI2和MDI3以任意的比例混合,而得到表中所示的值的质量%。
MDI1、MDI2和MDI3的详情如下。
将“MDI1”(单体MDI 40质量%,聚合MDI 60质量%,单体MDI中的4,4-MDI为90质量%,单体MDI中的2,4-MDI为10%,和NCO%=31),
“MDI2”(单体MDI 100质量%,单体MDI中的4,4-MDI为100质量%,和NCO%=33.6),和
“MDI3”(单体MDI 100质量%,单体MDI中的4,4-MDI为50质量%,单体MDI中的2,4-MDI为50%,和NCO%=33.6)以表1~3中所示的量混合。
<泡沫状态的评价方法>
当发泡成形后气泡维持并且没有收缩时,将上述制造的座垫的泡沫状态评价为“正常”,当气泡塌陷并且收缩时评价为“塌陷”。
<机械性质的测定方法>
根据日本工业标准JIS K 6400-5:2012测定伸长率、拉伸强度和撕裂强度。这里测定的物性值是沿座垫的水平方向(与从表层沿深度方向的垂直方向正交的方向)的物性值。
<评价结果>
在单体MDI的量和4,4-MDI的量在本发明的范围内的实施例1~21中,所有实例的泡沫状态正常,伸长率为100%以上,拉伸强度为100kPa以上,并且撕裂强度为7.7N/cm以上。另一方面,在单体MDI的量小于本发明的下限值的比较例1~3中,所有实例的泡沫状态正常,但伸长率、拉伸强度和撕裂强度低于实施例1~21的那些。另外,在4,4-MDI的量超过本发明的上限值的比较例4~6中,未形成正常的泡沫。
基于这样的结果,可以清楚地理解,根据本发明可以可靠获得具有优异的机械性质的软质聚氨酯泡沫。
上述各实施方案中的各构成及其组合等仅是实例,在不偏离本发明的范围内,可以对构成进行添加、省略、替换和其他改变。
产业上的可利用性
本发明提供了具有优异的机械强度的软质聚氨酯泡沫和由该软质聚氨酯泡沫形成的座垫。根据本发明的软质聚氨酯泡沫可广泛用于车辆用座垫。

Claims (4)

1.一种软质聚氨酯泡沫,其通过将含有多元醇、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、发泡剂和催化剂的发泡原液发泡成形而得到,
其中所述多元醇包括重均分子量Mw为3,000~8,000且官能团数为3~4的聚醚多元醇A,
其中所述二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯包括相对于所述二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的总质量为80质量%以上的单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,
其中所述单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯包括相对于所述单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的总质量为70质量%以下的4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的软质聚氨酯泡沫,其中所述催化剂包括促进通过所述多元醇和所述多异氰酸酯的反应合成聚氨酯的凝胶化催化剂和促进所述聚氨酯的发泡的发泡催化剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的软质聚氨酯泡沫,其中所述多元醇进一步包括重均分子量Mw为1,000~4,000且官能团数为2的聚醚多元醇B。
4.一种座垫,其包含根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的软质聚氨酯泡沫。
CN201680073151.7A 2015-12-16 2016-12-12 软质聚氨酯泡沫和座垫 Pending CN108368236A (zh)

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