CN108308076A - A kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique - Google Patents
A kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108308076A CN108308076A CN201810077314.XA CN201810077314A CN108308076A CN 108308076 A CN108308076 A CN 108308076A CN 201810077314 A CN201810077314 A CN 201810077314A CN 108308076 A CN108308076 A CN 108308076A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing techniques, 15 28oC of suitable water temperature for making full use of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " to grow, carry out relay cultivation in China north and south sea area, at the beginning of annual 10 months to next year by the end of March water temperature less than the southern sea area of 28oC carry out Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " seed rearing and seed mark it is thick, at the beginning of 4 months to the northern sea area in water temperature higher than 15oC at the beginning of 10 months by the mark of high 2 3cm of shell it is thick after seed form the tall and big commodity shellfish in 8cm of shell.It is not only able to the culturing area of extension Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " by this new culturing technique, but also Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " breeding efficiency can be improved, cultivation risk is reduced, increase culture efficiency.The present invention need not influence biology and Environmental security by complex technologies such as transgenosis, drug-treateds, have many advantages, such as that breeding efficiency is high, cultivation risk is small, culturing area is wide, culture efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seashells new culturing technique more particularly to a kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " cultivation are new
Technology.
Background technology
Chlamys nobilis (Chlamys nobilisReeve it is) water warm marine products Bivalve, with full of nutrition, taste
Delicious, fine and tender taste and it is famous, closed shell flesh dried product is commonly called as " dried scallop ", is famous one of marine products eight delicacies.From last century seven
Since the ten's ends, start in south China propagate artificially Chlamys nobilis, the eighties middle and later periods just develop into Hainan,
The coastal important sea-farming shellfish type in the south such as Guangdong, the Zhangpu in Guangxi and Fujian, Dongshan.
Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " is the national new variety of aquatic products that University Of Shantou cultivates（Cultivar registration number：GS-
01-009-2014）, have 1）Organoleptic quality is high（Appearance luster is golden yellow）, 2）Nutritive value is high（Rich in carotenoid）, 3）It supports
Grow high efficiency（Per mu yield 6000-9000 members higher than common scallop）, 4）Resistance is strong（Low temperature tolerant rate when 10oC is commonly to cultivate
2.95 times of scallop）Deng " three high the last one " four big advantages.By trying to support, Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " per mu yield value is up to 3
Ten thousand yuan or more, net profit is up to 60%, by liking for scallop culture dealer and consumer.Currently, in the Guangdong in China, sea
The coastal extensive cultivation in the south such as south, the south of Fujian Province, wide market.
Tradition cultivation Chlamys nobilis is in the south such as China's southern East China Sea such as the south of Fujian Province, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and the South Sea
Marine site is carried out, and predominantly seed rearing, seed mark are thick and sea is formed.However, as a noble cane, suitable growth water temperature
In 15-28oC, all it is unfavorable for the growth and survival of Chlamys nobilis when water temperature is higher than 28oC less than 15oC.Although luxurious comb
Hole scallop " Nan'ao gold shellfish " has stronger tolerance low temperature ability than common cultivation kind, however is usually only able to be higher than in water temperature
The sea area of 10oC is cultivated, and can not still be survived in north of china in winter sea area.Southern summer sea area water temperature is often more than 30oC, high temperature
It equally can also hinder Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " to grow, and its death can be caused.Therefore, if utilizing north and south sea area
Suitable for water temperature, carry out relay cultivation, the speed of growth, the reduction for being not only able to raising Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " are dead
Rate increases culture efficiency, but also can extend its culturing area, and can avoid the wind that summer south sea area typhoon is brought more
Danger.However, so far, there is not yet any report in relation to Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " north and south relay cultivation.This
Invention has many advantages, such as that breeding efficiency is high, cultivation risk is small, culturing area is wide, culture efficiency is high.
Invention content
For problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold
Shellfish " new culturing technique.
A kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique makes full use of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " raw
Long suitable water temperature（15-28ºC）, carry out relay cultivation, existing by the end of March to next year at the beginning of annual 10 months in China north and south sea area
Southern sea area carry out Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " seed rearing and seed mark it is thick, at the beginning of 4 months at the beginning of 10 months in northern sea
Area the thick rear seed of the mark of the high 2-3cm of shell is formed into the tall and big commodity shellfish in 8cm of shell.
Further, the ocean temperature by the end of March at the beginning of annual 10 months in the southern sea area to next year is less than 28 DEG C, including south
Sea and southern East China Sea.
Further, the northern sea area is higher than 15 DEG C, including Bohai and Yellow Seas at the beginning of annual 4 months to ocean temperature at the beginning of 10 months.
Further, it mainly includes the following steps that：
1) southern seed rearing：Shell height is cultivated in southern seedling rearing room using conventional method to mid-November at the beginning of 10 months
Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " seed more than 0.5mm.
2) southern seed mark is thick：Mid-November to next year by the end of March, by the tall and big seed in 0.5mm of shell southern suitable
Seed mark is slightly arrived the high 2-3cm of shell by sea area.Using conventional method management, during which it is divided into seedlings 3 times.
3) north is formed：To at the beginning of 10 months at the beginning of 4 months, northern ocean temperature is higher than 15oC, by the mark of the high 2-3cm of shell it is thick after
Use hanging rope hanging culture or bottom sowing culture to the tall and big quotient in 8cm of shell in the northerly sea area of seed, the foster shrimp pool or sea cucumber culture pond
Product shellfish.Use the seed breeding density of hanging rope hanging culture for 15-20/layer；Use the seed breeding density of bottom sowing culture for 5-10
A/m2.The scallop culture depth of water of hanging rope hanging culture is all higher than 3m；The scallop culture depth of water of bottom sowing culture is all higher than 2m.Then, it uses
Conventional management method, periodically removes harmful organisms.
4）Harvest measures：It is harvested at the beginning of 10 months and measures scallop.It is random to take out 5 cages, with vernier caliper per cage random measurement 20
The shell of a scallop is high, while measuring the scallop survival rate per cage.
Wherein, it is slightly about needed 6 months in southern seed rearing and seed mark, northerly form about needs 6 months；It supports in the north
The seed grown starts shell height and should be greater than 2cm, and commodity shell height should be greater than 8cm.Seed breeding density is 5- when using bottom sowing culture
10/m2；The scallop culture depth of water of bottom sowing culture is all higher than 2m.
The present invention is a kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique, i.e. north and south relay cultivates, and utilizes north and south
Relay cultivation avoids the southern megathermal period（The 7-9 months, water temperature are higher than 28oC）With the hypothermic phase in the north（March next year in November-, water
Temperature is less than 15oC）, make full use of the suitable water temperature in north and south marine site（15-28ºC）, improve Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish "
Breeding efficiency, extend its culturing area.It is not only able to extension Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao by this new culturing technique
The culturing area of golden shellfish ", but also Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " breeding efficiency can be improved, cultivation risk is reduced, expand
It opens up culturing area, increase culture efficiency.The present invention need not be by complex technologies such as transgenosis, drug-treateds, therefore the product
Biology and Environmental security are not influenced.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1, breeding efficiency is high.North and south relay cultivation avoids the southern megathermal period（The 7-9 months, water temperature are higher than 28oC）It is low with the north
Wen Qi（March next year in November-, water temperature are less than 15oC）, make full use of the suitable water temperature in north and south marine site（15-28ºC）, luxurious comb hole
Scallop " Nan'ao gold shellfish " " Nan'ao gold shellfish " being capable of fast-growth.
2, cultivation risk is small.North and south relay cultivation reduces cultivation risk.Seed mark is thick and forms in the development of north and south two places
Risk than carrying out in same place is small；Further, since southern sea area summer and autumn typhoon is multiple, the cultivation in northern sea area can be with
It is effectively shielded from the risk that typhoon is brought.
3, culturing area is wide.North and south relay cultivation extends the culturing area of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish ".It is luxurious
Chlamys farreri " Nan'ao gold shellfish " culturing area can expand to the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, the Bohai Sea by the original South Sea.
4, culture efficiency is high.North and south relay cultivation increases culture efficiency.Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " is in south
Seed price after sea area mark is thick, which is far above, does not mark thick seed price；During northern sea area is formed, it is no longer necessary to artificial point
Seedling reduces aquaculture cost；Meanwhile the breed variety new as one, in the Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao of northern sea area cultivation
Golden shellfish " price is relatively high, and culture efficiency significantly improves.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be made below further detailed
Description.
Embodiment 1
Time：In early October, -2014 at the beginning of 10 months 2013.Place：Vector in Chaozhou city, Guangdong province Raoping County and Shantou City Nanao County, mountain
Changyi county of the Weifang City Dong Sheng.
1）Southern seed rearing：At the beginning of 10 months 2013-mid-November, using conventional method in vector in Chaozhou city, Guangdong province Raoping County
Cultivate tall and big Chlamys nobilis " the Nan'ao gold in 0.50mm of shell in the Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds room of Long Yuan hair aquacultures Specialty Co-operative Organization
30,000,000, shellfish " seed.
2）Southern seed mark is thick：In mid-November, 2013 by by the end of March, 2014, using conventional method by shell it is tall and big in
Seed mark is slightly arrived the high 2-3cm of shell by the seed of 0.5mm in the sea area of Shantou City Nanao County.Using conventional method management, during which divide
Seedling 3 times.
3）It forms in the north：On April 5th, 2014, slightly rear seed transports to Shandong Province Weifang to 50000 tall and big marks in 3cm of shell
Aquaculture Corporation of Changyi county of city.The scallop that 5000 shellfishes assign to 30 aperture 2cm is formed in cage, per 10 layers of cage, every layer of 15-20
Grain, Laizhou Bay of the hanging rope hanging culture in the Bohai Sea；45000 bottoms are multicast in 3 10 mu of sea cucumber culture ponds.Using conventional method into
Row aquaculture management.
4）On October 10th, 2014, random to take out 5 cages, the shell with vernier caliper per cage 20 scallops of random measurement is high, together
When measure per cage scallop survival rate.Scallop mean size（Shell is high）It is 92.8 ± 3.2% for 8.56 ± 0.18cm, survival rate.
This example demonstrates that Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " can carry out relay cultivation in the Bohai Sea.
Embodiment 2
Time：In early October, -2015 at the beginning of 10 months 2014.Place：Vector in Chaozhou city, Guangdong province Raoping County and Shantou City Nanao County, mountain
The Jiaonan City Dong Sheng.
Difference from Example 1 is：The marine site of north cultivation is the Huanghai Sea.
At the beginning of 10 months 2014 1) supported in vector in Chaozhou city, Guangdong province Raoping County Long Yuan shampoo productions using conventional method-mid-November
Cultivate tall and big Chlamys nobilis " the Nan'ao gold shellfish " seed 4000 in 0.50mm of shell in the Process of Rearing Scallop Seeds room for growing Specialty Co-operative Organization
Wan Li.
2) in mid-November, 2014 by by the end of March, 2015, using conventional method by the tall and big seed in 0.5mm of shell in Shan
Seed mark is slightly arrived the high 2-3cm of shell by the sea area of morning market Nanao County.Using conventional method management, during which it is divided into seedlings 3 times.
3) on April 2nd, 2015, the thick rear seed of mark of 8000 high 2-3cm of the high shell of shell transport to Shandong Province's glue of Yellow Sea
Nanshi great Lin scallop cultures company, the scallop for assigning to 50 aperture 2cm are formed in cage, per 10 layers of cage, every layer 15-20, hanging rope
Hanging culture is in the Shandong of Huanghai Sea head marine site.Aquaculture management is carried out using conventional method.
4) on October 8th, 2015, random to take out 5 cages, the shell with vernier caliper per cage 20 scallops of random measurement is high, together
When measure per cage scallop survival rate.Scallop mean size（Shell is high）It is 94.2 ± 4.6% for 8.26 ± 0.26cm, survival rate.
This example demonstrates that Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " can carry out relay cultivation in the Huanghai Sea.
It can carry out Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " north and south relay using technology provided by the invention to cultivate.
In addition, relay cultural technique provided by the invention, is equally applicable to the relay cultivation of other shellfishes, it is all by such
Method carry out shellfish culture also be technical solution of the present invention in one's power.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique, which is characterized in that carry out relay in China north and south sea area
Cultivation carries out the seed rearing of Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " in southern sea area by the end of March at the beginning of annual 10 months to next year
It is thick with seed mark, to form shell tall and big in 8cm's for seed after northern sea area is thick by the mark of the high 2-3cm of shell at the beginning of 10 months at the beginning of 4 months
Commodity shellfish.
2. Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the south
Ocean temperature by the end of March at the beginning of annual 10 months in sea area to next year is less than 28 DEG C.
3. Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the north
Sea area is higher than 15 DEG C at the beginning of annual 4 months to ocean temperature at the beginning of 10 months.
4. Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include mainly
Following steps：
（1）Southern seed rearing：To mid-November at the beginning of 10 months, the tall and big China in 0.5mm of shell is cultivated in southern seedling rearing room
Your Chlamys farreri " Nan'ao gold shellfish " seed；
（2）Southern seed mark is thick：Mid-November to next year by the end of March, by the tall and big seed in 0.5mm of shell in southern suitable sea
Seed mark is slightly arrived the high 2-3cm of shell by area, is during which divided into seedlings 3 times；
（3）It forms in the north：To at the beginning of 10 months at the beginning of 4 months, by the mark of the high 2-3cm of shell slightly after the northerly sea area of seed, support the shrimp pool or sea
Join in aquaculture pond using hanging rope hanging culture or bottom sowing culture to the tall and big commodity shellfish in 8cm of shell, periodically removes harmful organisms；
（4）Harvest measures：The shell height and survival rate of scallop are harvested and measured at the beginning of 10 months.
5. Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（3）
Seed breeding density is 15-20/layer when using hanging rope hanging culture；The depth of water is all higher than 3m.
6. Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（3）
The scallop that aperture 2cm is put into when using hanging rope hanging culture is formed in cage, per 10 layers of cage, every layer 15-20.
7. Chlamys nobilis " Nan'ao gold shellfish " new culturing technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step（3）
Seed breeding density is 5-10/m when using bottom sowing culture2；The scallop culture depth of water of bottom sowing culture is all higher than 2m.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109122436A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-04 | 大连明成水产食品有限公司 | Chlamys farreri cultural method |
| CN109122434A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-04 | 大连明成水产食品有限公司 | Mussel culture method |
| CN109258533A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of " educate north and support in south " cultural method of purple sea hybrid scallop |
| CN109349176A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of cultural method of purple sea hybrid scallop |
| CN109548723A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-02 | 龙口市温流水育苗养殖有限公司 | A kind of scallop culture method |
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| CN109122436A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-04 | 大连明成水产食品有限公司 | Chlamys farreri cultural method |
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