CN108299051A - A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108299051A
CN108299051A CN201810403414.7A CN201810403414A CN108299051A CN 108299051 A CN108299051 A CN 108299051A CN 201810403414 A CN201810403414 A CN 201810403414A CN 108299051 A CN108299051 A CN 108299051A
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parts
wheat
bacillus
trace element
organic composite
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郭孝
黄炎坤
赵素民
周延州
郭良兴
聂芙蓉
黄连菊
张潇
李新正
邢启银
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Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
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Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
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Publication of CN108299051A publication Critical patent/CN108299051A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof, which includes the raw material of following parts by weight：100 parts of wheat straw, 20 25 parts of pig manure, 0.01 part of trace element, 1.0 1.5 parts of bacillus, 2.0 2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.0 2.5 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5 1.0 parts of cellulase, 1.0 1.5 parts of hemicellulase；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 45：Zinc sulfate 23：Boric acid 24.The present invention has the following advantages：First, nutrition is more comprehensively, for Henan area soil regime, 3 kinds of trace elements of proper proportion are added to, trophic component is more suitable for the growth of Henan area wheat；Second is that fermentation is more thorough, by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation and microwave heating, the plant cell wall component of mixed material is destroyed, is conducive to the full and uniform fermentation of stalk and excrement；Third, effect is more preferable, the fertilizer that the present invention makes can more significantly increase the yield of wheat than other organic fertilizers, and the base amount of applying is bigger, and application effect is better.

Description

A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizers and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of fertilizers.
Background technology
Currently, the whole world is faced with the Tough questions of increased population and environmental degradation, inorganic fertilizer is big in agricultural production Amount uses but also environmental degradation is more serious.The shortcoming of inorganic fertilizer mainly has：Soil is destroyed, the soil organism is caused Content declines, the imbalance of all kinds of nutrients ratios, and acidification, hardened occurs for soil, the physicochemical character of soil and soil microflora by It is destroyed to serious, leads to the water conservation of soil, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, it is difficult to meet the practical growth needs of crops；Crops pair The dependence of fertilizer and pesticide gradually increases, it is necessary to increase usage amount year by year, otherwise, crop growth is slow, and pest and disease damage is serious, makes At the underproduction；Agroecological environment deteriorates, and after chemical fertilizer applies farmland, practical efficiency averagely only has 30%, and major part is arranged with farmland Water flows into rivers and lakes or remains in soil and plant and crops body, not only bring environmental pollution but also jeopardize the peace of the mankind Complete and health, these all become the obstacle of Agricul tural Sustain able Development.For such case, domestic and international many experts are to organic fertilizer Material is studied, and tries hard to make Pure organic fertilizer directly to replace inorganic fertilizer, but presently, there are the problem of be organic fertilizer product Quality is very different, have it is direct fowl and animal excrement or straw are simply fermented, as organic fertilizer, be not only difficult to Meet the nutritional need of plant, it is also possible to remain the toxin that improper fermentation generates, it is difficult to reach preferable using effect.
Wheat is one of most important cereal crops in China, is occupied an important position in the people's livelihood and national economy.Current kind Fertilizer nutrient configuration is unreasonable when planting wheat, causes only small part nutrition that can be absorbed and utilized by wheat, low output.And nothing A large amount of uses of machine chemical fertilizer, also impact soil environment and wheat yield.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer and its preparations Method, the fertilizer is using Organic Ingredients as primary raw material, by the processing to Organic Ingredients, the trace element of additional denier, i.e., The nutrition needed for wheat growth can be met, all indicators are better than national standards.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：100 parts of wheat straw, 20-25 parts of pig manure, 0.01 part of trace element, 1.0-1.5 parts of bacillus, 2.0-2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.0-2.5 parts of saccharomycete, cellulase 0.5- 1.0 parts, 1.0-1.5 parts of hemicellulase；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 4-5：Zinc sulfate 2-3： Boric acid 2-4.
Bacillus includes bacillus subtilis 2 × 109Cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis 1 × 109Cfu/g, waxy gemma bar Bacterium 5 × 108Cfu/g, bacillus pumilus 2 × 109Cfu/g, bacillus coagulans 3 × 108cfu/g；Lactic acid bacteria is Bulgaria Lactobacillus, 2 × 109cfu/g；Saccharomycete is saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 × 109cfu/g。
The enzyme activity of cellulase is 20,000 U/g；The enzyme activity of hemicellulase is 100,000 U/g.
A kind of preparation method of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer, includes the following steps：
(1) wheat straw that selection harvest time cradles, the wheat straw particle of 2-3cm is ground into ensilage machine；
(2) fresh pig manure is added in wheat straw particle, is uniformly mixed；
(3) bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, cellulase, hemicellulase are added in the material of step (2), into Row enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation；
(4) material of step (3) is subjected to microwave heating, then dries, sieves, trace element is added.
The condition of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation is：Under the conditions of 30-35 DEG C, ferment 7d, until fermentation materials moisture is 30-40%.
The condition of microwave heating is：12KW-50KW, 1-2h.
Advantageous effect of the present invention：
1, the present invention first crushes wheat straw, makes the grain size of wheat straw particle down to 2-3mm, then presses pig manure and wheat straw Ratio mixes, and enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation is carried out to the material of crushing by microorganism and enzyme, can make the toxin in material and be harmful to micro- life Object is decomposed and is killed, moreover it is possible to cellulose, hemicellulose be made to be decomposed.Microwave heating can make the moisture contained in material Evaporated under the action of the microwave energy higher-order of oscillation, so take away moisture reach a high temperature training bake drying purpose, at this point, wheat straw and pig manure It dries dry organic matter in the process in high temperature training and decomposes and accelerate, the organic matter in wheat straw and pig manure is made to be converted into organic fertilizer quickly, Bacterium thermodynamic activity caused by microwave electromagnetic field action in material and biological effect are killed simultaneously, and the color and luster of material and Nutritional ingredient does not change, wherein 95% or more organic waste is in microwave heating process by puffing at chocolate brown powder, drop Solution is to be beneficial to the high-quality organic fertilizer of crop growth, then by drying, screening, organic matter powder and other undegraded objects It is completely separated, adds the trace element of appropriate ratio, can be made into full price compoiste fertilizer, this is that a kind of production cost is low, pacifies Complete efficient agriculture production technology, convenient for being promoted in large-scale farm, farm, which meets environmental protection and the ecological agriculture Development trend.
2, fertilizer reasonable employment microorganism fungus kind of the invention and enzyme agent, wherein bacillus (bacillus subtilis, Clothing bacillus, bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus coagulans), saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria belong to the Ministry of Agriculture Allow the probiotics used, various enzymes are generated by the activities of these bacterium, these enzymes can destroy cellulose in stalk, hemicellulose The structure of element and lignin, makes them degrade step by step, forms various glucides.The enzymolysis process of stalk is slower, with The increase of microbial reproduction amount and the raising of microbial activity, straw are glucide by gradually enzymolysis.In entire enzymolysis process In, hemicellulose is most easily degraded, and forms large number of xylose, Arabic gum, glucose, mannose and galactolipin.When When these carbohydrates reach a certain concentration, microorganism can accelerate organic matter using these sugars as substrate acidogenic fermentation It decomposes and converts.Add cellulase and hemicellulase again in bacteria preparation, is conducive to conversion and the shape of accelerating compoiste fertilizer At.
3, the present invention uses fermentation+microwave heating treatment pig manure and wheat straw waste, and fermentation+microwave heating not only can be notable Cellulose, hemicellulose is promoted to decompose, and stalk fermentation cumulative gas can be improved, so gas production increases after microwave treatment , the weight and volume of material reduces, this is not only advantageous to reduce pollution of the waste to environment, and can be converted into as early as possible High-quality organic fertilizer.
4, fertilizer of the invention can fix the nitrogen in air, and the nutrient in activating soil improves the nutrition ring of plant Border also can generate active material during the vital movement of microorganism, stimulate plant growth.
5, the present invention further adds trace element according to the nutritional need feature of Soils of Henan Province fertility and wheat, due to The normal growth and development of wheat is in urgent need 3 kinds of trace elements such as boron, zinc, iron, and reaction is sensitive, and boron can increase setting seeds for wheat Number, zinc can increase the development of fruit, promote robust plant, photosynthesis can be improved in iron, and can prevent the yellowish-white leaf disease of wheat.By It is influenced in by soil climate, Soils of Henan Province is general lack of this 3 big element, so it is micro- to add boron, zinc, iron etc. in mixed material Secondary element is very necessary.The fertilizer content of organic matter is high, and is added to the trace element lacked in soil, nutrient balance, right and wrong The organic fertilizer of normal ecological, environmental protective in the soil that can be directly used for graminous pasture and crop-planting, can both improve soil ring Border, and be conducive to the growth of graminous pasture and crop.It is proved by the field trial in Jiaozuo City Boai County, compared to control The organic fertilizer of group, wheat yield are improved up to 14.31%.In addition available nutrient is significantly improved in soil, and this method can To make a silk purse out of a sow's ear, low-carbon environment-friendly, production cost is low, and operability is strong, easy to spread in production, is conducive to expand agricultural economy valence Value.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Bacillus includes bacillus subtilis 2 × 109Cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis 1 × 109Cfu/g, waxy gemma bar Bacterium 5 × 108Cfu/g, bacillus pumilus 2 × 109Cfu/g, bacillus coagulans 3 × 108cfu/g；Lactic acid bacteria is Bulgaria Lactobacillus, 2 × 109cfu/g；Saccharomycete is saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 × 109cfu/g。
The enzyme activity of cellulase is 20,000 U/g；The enzyme activity of hemicellulase is 100,000 U/g.
Embodiment 1
A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 100 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of pig manure, micro 0.01 part of element, 1.0 parts of bacillus, 2.0 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.5 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5 part of cellulase, hemicellulase 1.0 Part；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 4：Zinc sulfate 2：Boric acid 4.
The preparation method of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer, includes the following steps：
(1) wheat straw that selection harvest time cradles, the wheat straw particle of 2-3cm is ground into ensilage machine；
(2) fresh pig manure is added in wheat straw particle, is uniformly mixed；
(3) bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, cellulase, hemicellulase are added in the material of step (2), into Row enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation；
(4) material of step (3) is subjected to microwave heating, then dries, sieves, trace element is added.
The condition of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation is：Under the conditions of 32 DEG C, ferment 7d, until fermentation materials moisture is 35% or so.
The condition of microwave heating is：20KW, 2h.
Embodiment 2
A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 100 parts of wheat straw, 22 parts of pig manure, micro 0.01 part of element, 1.5 parts of bacillus, 2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.5 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5 part of cellulase, hemicellulase 1.0 Part；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 5：Zinc sulfate 2：Boric acid 3.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for compound fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 100 parts of wheat straw, 25 parts of pig manure, micro 0.01 part of element, 1.5 parts of bacillus, 2.0 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.0 parts of saccharomycete, 1.0 parts of cellulase, hemicellulase 1.5 Part；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 5：Zinc sulfate 2：Boric acid 2.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for compound fertilizer.
Reference examples
Organic fertilizer as a contrast includes the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of pig manure and trace element 0.05 part；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 10：Ammonium molybdate 15：Boric acid 3：Potassium chloride 5：Peroxophosphoric acid Calcium 4.
The preparation method of organic fertilizer, includes the following steps：
(1) wheat straw that selection harvest time cradles, the wheat straw particle of 2-3cm is ground into ensilage machine；
(2) fresh pig manure is added in wheat straw particle, is uniformly mixed；
(3) after the mixed material of step (2) being sealed, spontaneous fermentation 10d；
(4) trace element is added in the fermentation material of step (3), is dehydrated, it is dry.
The fertility nutritional ingredient of 1-3 fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention is measured, the results are shown in Table 1.
The measured value of fertility nutritional ingredient under table 1, different embodiments
Organic fertilizer national standard：The content of organic matter is not less than 45%, and N P and K total nutrient content is not less than 5%, and moisture is not More than 30%, acid-base value is in 5.5-8.5.It can thus be seen that the organic fertilizer indices of the present invention reach or better than countries Standard.
Field trial
Place：Jiaozuo City Boai County is tested as single-factor Random Design, and 4 processing of Y-1, Y-2, Y-3, Y-0 are shared, 3 processing of middle Y-1, Y-2, Y-3 are that base applies 200kg/hm prior to seeding respectively2、250kg/hm2、300kg/hm23 horizontal The above wheat full price compoiste fertilizer, Y-0 are control, and the test process (300kg/hm of reference examples organic fertilizer is applied for base2), it is small Area's random alignment, and 4 repetitions, plot area 15m are set2(7.5m × 2m), zone distance 1m, the trial zone gross area are 3000m2.Wheat breed for experiment is burnt wheat 266, is provided by Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, kind it is big, full, pure and Cleaning, Pass Test requirement.From the point of view of the experiment average value that 2014-2015 is obtained for 2 years, after base applies full price organic composite fertilizer Wheat yield be above control (Y-0), wherein Y-1, Y-2 and Y-3 improve 6.20%, 11.67% and than control Y-0 respectively 14.31%, illustrate that wheat full price organic composite fertilizer can significantly improve the yield of wheat.
Influence (the g/m of table 2, wheat full price compoiste fertilizer to wheat fruit yield2)
It was found that wheat full price organic composite fertilizer of the invention has the following advantages：First, nutrition is more comprehensively, for Henan area soil regime, is added to 3 kinds of trace elements of proper proportion, and trophic component is more suitable for the life of Henan area wheat It is long；Second is that fermentation is more thorough, by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation and microwave heating, the plant cell wall component of mixed material is destroyed, favorably In the full and uniform fermentation of stalk and excrement；Third, effect is more preferable, the fertilizer that the present invention makes more can be notable than other organic fertilizers Ground improves the yield of wheat, and the base amount of applying is bigger, and application effect is better.
The foregoing is merely the embodiments that the present invention is best, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have Various modifications and variations.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all It is included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer, which is characterized in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：100 parts of wheat straw, pig manure 20-25 parts, trace element 0.01 part, 1.0-1.5 parts of bacillus, 2.0-2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.0-2.5 parts of saccharomycete, fiber Plain enzyme 0.5-1.0 parts, 1.0-1.5 parts of hemicellulase；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 4-5：Sulphur Sour zinc 2-3：Boric acid 2-4.
2. wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the original of following parts by weight Material：100 parts of wheat straw, 20 parts of pig manure, 0.01 part of trace element, 1.0 parts of bacillus, 2.0 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.5 parts of saccharomycete, fibre Plain 0.5 part of the enzyme of dimension, 1.0 parts of hemicellulase；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 4：Zinc sulfate 2：Boron Acid 4.
3. wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the original of following parts by weight Material：100 parts of wheat straw, 22 parts of pig manure, 0.01 part of trace element, 1.5 parts of bacillus, 2.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.5 parts of saccharomycete, fibre Plain 0.5 part of the enzyme of dimension, 1.0 parts of hemicellulase；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 5：Zinc sulfate 2：Boron Acid 3.
4. wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include the original of following parts by weight Material：100 parts of wheat straw, 25 parts of pig manure, 0.01 part of trace element, 1.5 parts of bacillus, 2.0 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.0 parts of saccharomycete, fibre Plain 1.0 parts of the enzyme of dimension, 1.5 parts of hemicellulase；Trace element includes the raw material of following weight ratio：Ferrous sulfate 5：Zinc sulfate 2：Boron Acid 2.
5. the wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that bacillus includes withered grass bud Spore bacillus 2 × 109Cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis 1 × 109Cfu/g, bacillus cereus 5 × 108Cfu/g, bacillus pumilus 2×109Cfu/g, bacillus coagulans 3 × 108cfu/g；Lactic acid bacteria is lactobacillus bulgaricus, 2 × 109cfu/g；Saccharomycete For saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 × 109cfu/g。
6. the wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the enzyme activity of cellulase is 2 Ten thousand U/g；The enzyme activity of hemicellulase is 100,000 U/g.
7. a kind of preparation method of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that Include the following steps：
(1) wheat straw that selection harvest time cradles, the wheat straw particle of 2-3cm is ground into ensilage machine；
(2) fresh pig manure is added in wheat straw particle, is uniformly mixed；
(3) bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, cellulase, hemicellulase are added in the material of step (2), carries out enzyme Hydrolysis and fermentation；
(4) material of step (3) is subjected to microwave heating, then dries, sieves, trace element is added.
8. the preparation method of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to claim 7, which is characterized in that enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation Condition is：Under the conditions of 30-35 DEG C, ferment 7d, until fermentation materials moisture is 30-40%.
9. the preparation method of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer according to claim 7, which is characterized in that microwave heating Condition is：12KW-50KW, 1-2h.
CN201810403414.7A 2018-04-28 2018-04-28 A kind of wheat full price organic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN108299051A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021006285A1 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-01-14 四国ケージ株式会社 Compost and method for producing compost

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021006285A1 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-01-14 四国ケージ株式会社 Compost and method for producing compost
JPWO2021006285A1 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-10-14 四国ケージ株式会社 Compost and compost manufacturing method
CN114008005A (en) * 2019-07-09 2022-02-01 四国畜牧养殖设备株式会社 Compost and method for producing compost
JP7030372B2 (en) 2019-07-09 2022-03-07 四国ケージ株式会社 Compost and compost manufacturing method

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