CN108293650A - A kind of ice plant is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of ice plant is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ice plants simply, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, and this method includes being dipped to ice plant seed before sowing to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；The mixed-matrix of turfy soil and sandy loam, vermiculite are sequentially filled from bottom to up in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate, the packing volume of mixed-matrix accounts for the 3/5 4/5 of cavities volume；The packing volume of vermiculite accounts for the 1/5 2/5 of cavities volume；Matrix is irrigated with atomized water；The seed sprouted is drawn to cavities center, after planting, the surface of the seed is without covering any matrix, and it is 60 80% that seedlings nursing plate, which is placed in backlight, 20 25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity is less than 0.5 1ms‑1In environment；Seed is emerged for 23 days, after stromal surface drying, is squirted with atomized water.The matrix of the present invention and the Rankine-Hugoniot relations of matrix substantially increase emergence rate to root system has facilitation before ice plant emergence and after emergence, for emergence rate 95% or more, seedling-growing time is short, can emerge within 23 days, and be not necessarily to thinning, transplant seedlings twice, cost is greatly saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ice plants simply, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, belongs to field of plant growing technology.
Background technology
Ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.), is Aizoaceae, 1 year of Mesembryanthemum
Raw meat matter herbaceous plant.Since it has very unique mouthfeel and higher nutritive value, in recent years by as functional vegetable
The new special kind of dish, is planted on a large scale.But due to ice plant on cultivation management with common vegetable there is
Notable difference, light avoid flood, are afraid of wet, drought-resistant, suitable in the good environmental cultivation of drainage condition, apply dilutional hyponatremia or draining
Unfavorable environment can seriously affect its normal growth, and the place of excessive rainfall is also not suitable for cultivating.So corresponding cultivation
Can measure be key point that successful in ice plant production.
Currently, seed sowing can be used in the breeding of ice plant, but ice plant seed is merrily and lightheartedly tiny, and seed is broadcast live
Germination percentage it is extremely low, waste a large amount of seeds.Hole plate seedling growth solves the problems, such as that seed sowing causes waste seed, germination percentage low,
Two kinds of hole plate seedling growth generally use：One is seedling medium is filled in hole tray, select, per 2-3 seeds of hole program request, finally to cover
1cm matrix, moisturizing of watering；Another kind is：It after being impregnated using seed, first sows on seedling bed, after growing two panels also, is transplanted into
It in seedling culture hole plate, waits after growing 4-6 piece leaves, then transplant planting is in big Tanaka.It is used by most of growers for second；No matter adopt
With which kind of seedling raising manners, traditional 60% fertile soil of seedling medium generally use, 15% perlite, 25% vermiculite, due to matrix
Influence to root system causes emergence rate all very low, and emergence rate is about 30% or so；Seedling-growing time is long, general 7-10 days, emergence
It is uneven；And thinning, transplanting seedlings all adds additional production cost.Therefore, whether the nursery of ice plant succeeds, and depends not only on
Whether reasonable the selection of seedling medium additionally depends on the cultivation steps such as temperature, humidity and moisture after seed is sprouted.Therefore, it develops
A kind of easy to operate and efficient ice plant seedling-raising technique is of great significance to the germination percentage and planting percent that improve ice dish.
Chinese patent literature CN106416977A discloses a kind of ciltivating process of ice plant, is waited in ice leaf day
After flower seed germination, it is first carried out to nursery in seedlings nursing plate, moved into foam seedlings nursing plate after it grows 4-5 leaves, training is added
Nutrient solution carries out water planting.The ciltivating process of the ice plant replaces milpa to carry out water planting with water planting liquid, and emphasis is in water planting liquid
Nutrient formulation seedling medium still use traditional seedling medium, it is low that there are still emergence rates, and seedling-growing time is long, uneven emergence lack
It falls into.
Invention content
For the deficiency of existing ice plant method for culturing seedlings, the present invention provides one kind on the basis of many experiments
Ice plant is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of ice plant is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, including steps are as follows：
(1) ice plant seed is impregnated 12-24 hours with 20-25 DEG C of clear water, until the kind of 90-95% before sowing
Son is sprouted and is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) matrix prepares：It is (1-3) to take the turfy soil after sieving and sandy loam by volume:The mixing of (1-3) ratio is equal
It is even, mixed-matrix is obtained, the vermiculite of diameter 0.1-0.2cm is chosen, it is spare；
(3) mixed-matrix, vermiculite are sequentially filled from bottom to up in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate, the packing volume of mixed-matrix
Account for the 3/5-4/5 of cavities volume；The packing volume of vermiculite accounts for the 1/5-2/5 of cavities volume；
(4) after filling, matrix is irrigated with atomized water；
(5) liquid-transfering gun when sowing, the seed that aspiration step (1) is sprouted is to cavities center, and after planting, the surface of the seed is not necessarily to
Any matrix is covered, seedlings nursing plate is placed in backlight, 20-25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 60-80%, air velocity is less than 0.5-
1m·s-1In environment；
(6) seed is emerged for 2-3 days, after stromal surface drying, is squirted with atomized water.
According to currently preferred, step (2), the turfy soil grain size after sieving is 0.6-0.8cm, the sandy loam after sieving
Grain size is 0.4-0.6cm.
According to currently preferred, step (2), the volume ratio of turfy soil and sandy loam is (1-2)：(1-2), preferably
, the volume ratio of turfy soil and sandy loam is 1：1.
According to currently preferred, step (3), the seedlings nursing plate is the holes 40-60 seedling culture hole plate, each hole it is upper
Bore 4-5cm, lower relative aperture 2-3cm, deep 3-8cm.
According to currently preferred, step (3), the packing volume of mixed-matrix accounts for the 3/5-4/5 of cavities volume；Vermiculite
Packing volume accounts for the 1/5-2/5 of cavities volume；Highly preferred, the packing volume of mixed-matrix accounts for the 4/5 of cavities volume；Vermiculite
Packing volume account for the 1/5 of cavities volume.
It is concordant with hole pocket at the top of matrix after filling substrate according to currently preferred.
According to currently preferred, step (3), sowing temperature is less than or equal to 28 DEG C, and 1 seed that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is sowed per cavities.
It is 1ml pipette tips according to currently preferred, described liquid-transfering gun, cuts off the liquid-transfering gun at the tip of 0.5cm.
Compared with prior art, it technological merit of the invention and has the beneficial effect that：
The present invention have it is easy to operate, go out full stand, the high feature of survival rate.The matrix that the present invention has abandoned very complicated is matched
5 processes are combined using 1/5 vermiculite with 4/5 mixed-matrix, and vermiculite is located at upper layer；It efficiently solves due to ice plant kind
It is sub slim and graceful it is tiny caused by emergence difficult early period later stage nutrition supply the problem of.It is studied by numerous experiments, it is of the invention
The Rankine-Hugoniot relations of matrix and matrix substantially increases out to root system has facilitation before ice plant emergence and after emergence
Seedling rate, for emergence rate 95% or more, seedling-growing time is short, can emerge within 2-3 days, and is not necessarily to thinning, transplants seedlings twice, is greatly saved
Cost, and single-matrix (sandy loam, vermiculite) is sowed, vermiculite matrix sows the emergence rate highest (70-80%) of seed and emerges
Neatly, but later stage seedling growing way is weaker, or even stops growing, and not only emergence rate is low for the sowing of sandy loam matrix, but also later stage seedling
It is weak；Turfy soil：Sandy loam=1:1, turfy soil：Vermiculite=1:It is sowed in 1 mixed-matrix, although the later stage, seedling growing way was than single
Growing way has improvement to matrix (sandy loam, vermiculite), but seedling-growing time is long, and emergence needs 7-10 days and uneven emergence.The base of the present invention
The Rankine-Hugoniot relations of matter and matrix substantially increases emergence to root system has facilitation before ice plant emergence and after emergence
Rate, for emergence rate 95% or more, seedling-growing time is short, can emerge within 2-3 days, and after seedling is grown, root system gos deep into underlying substrate continuation
Nutrient is absorbed, the nutrition supply of ice plant in seedling stage is met.What the present invention chose is that the kind to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is sprouted in 12-24 hours
Son is sowed, so germination rate after planting can reach 96% or more.With traditional thinning, the seedling raising manners phase such as transplant seedlings
Than, saving of labor of the present invention, time saving, laborsaving, emergence is neat and survival rate is high, additionally it is possible to subtract oligospermous waste, save production cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sprouting situation comparison diagram of the ice plant seed in different substrates；
Wherein a figures are the seed sprouting situation of single-matrix sandy loam；B figures are that the seed of single-matrix vermiculite sprouts feelings
Condition；C figures are turfy soil and sandy loam volume ratio 1:The seed sprouting situation of 1 mixed-matrix；D figures are turfy soil and vermiculite volume ratio
1:The seed sprouting situation of 1 mixed-matrix.
Fig. 2 are the emergence growing state figure of the cultural method of the ice plant seed present invention after planting.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of simple, efficient ice plant seedling cultivation, people in the art
Member can use for reference present disclosure, be suitably modified technological parameter realization.In particular, it should be pointed out that all similar substitutions and modifications
Apparent to those skilled in the art, they are considered as being included in the present invention.The method of the present invention has been led to
Preferred embodiment is crossed to be described, related personnel obviously can not depart from the content of present invention, in spirit and scope to this hair
Bright the method is modified or suitably changes and combines, to realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
For a further understanding of the present invention, simple to one kind provided by the invention, the efficient ice leaf with reference to embodiment
Flower seedling cultivation is described in detail in day.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ice plant is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, including steps are as follows：
(1) turfy soil and sandy loam are crossed spare after the sieve in the apertures 0.8cm；
(2) by the turfy soil and sandy loam volume ratio 1 after sieving:1 is uniformly mixed；
(3) uniformly mixed matrix is packed into the seedlings nursing plate in 50 holes, 4/5 mixed-matrix is packed into per cave；
(4) it remaining 1/5 is filled up with the vermiculite of 0.1cm diameters in cavities；
(5) atomized water sprayed with sprayer irrigates matrix；
(6) ice plant seed, 25 DEG C are impregnated 12 hours with clear water, until most seed sproutings show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(7) prepare 1ml pipette tips, cut off the tip of 0.5cm, with liquid-transfering gun, the seed for drawing sprouting is central to cavities；
(8) after planting, seedlings nursing plate is placed in 25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 70%, air velocity is less than 0.5ms-1Ring
In border, sunshade net is added above seedlings nursing plate；
(9) seed sprouting need to be squirted, emergence rate reaches 95%, can emerge within 2 days after stromal surface drying with atomized water.
Embodiment 2
A kind of ice plant is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, including steps are as follows：
(1) turfy soil and sandy loam are crossed spare after the sieve in the apertures 0.5cm；
(2) by the turfy soil and sandy loam volume ratio 1 after sieving:1 is uniformly mixed；
(3) uniformly mixed matrix is packed into the seedlings nursing plate in 50 holes, 4/5 mixed-matrix is packed into per cave；
(4) it remaining 1/5 is filled up with the vermiculite of 0.2cm diameters in cavities；
(5) atomized water sprayed with sprayer irrigates matrix；
(6) ice plant seed, 20 DEG C are impregnated 20 hours with clear water, until most seed sproutings show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(7) prepare 1ml pipette tips, cut off the tip of 0.5cm, with liquid-transfering gun, the seed for drawing sprouting is central to cavities；
(8) after planting, seedlings nursing plate is placed in backlight, 20 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity by the surface of the seed without covering any matrix
It is 80%, air velocity is less than 1ms-1In environment；
(9) seed 2-3 days is emerged, and after stromal surface drying, need to be squirted with atomized water, and emergence rate reaches 96%, 2 days
Emergence.
Comparative example 1
A kind of ice plant growing nursery and culture method is carried out by method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that,
The matrix filled in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate is sandy loam.
Comparative example 2
A kind of ice plant growing nursery and culture method is carried out by method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that,
The matrix filled in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate is vermiculite.
Comparative example 3
A kind of ice plant growing nursery and culture method is carried out by method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that,
The matrix filled in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate is turfy soil.
Comparative example 4
A kind of ice plant growing nursery and culture method is carried out by method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that,
The matrix filled in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate is turfy soil and sandy loam, and the volume ratio of turfy soil and sandy loam is 1:1.
Comparative example 5
A kind of ice plant growing nursery and culture method is carried out by method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that,
The matrix filled in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate is turfy soil and vermiculite, and the volume ratio of turfy soil and vermiculite soil is 1:1.
Comparative example 6
A kind of ice plant growing nursery and culture method is carried out by method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that,
The matrix filled in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate is sandy loam, turfy soil and organic fertilizer, sandy loam：Turfy soil:Organic fertilizer
Volume ratio be 1:1：1.
Comparative example 7
A kind of ice plant growing nursery and culture method is carried out by method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that,
The cavities bottom of seedlings nursing plate is packed into the vermiculite of cavities volume 1/5, and mixed-matrix is filled on upper layer.
Experimental example：
By the emergence rate of embodiment 1-2 and comparative example 1-7, seedling-growing time, whether later stage seedling growing way, lodging carries out pair
Than as a result see the table below 1：
1 emergence rate of table, seedling-growing time, the comparison of later stage seedling growing way
| Project | Emergence rate | Seedling-growing time (day) | Later stage seedling growing way | Whether lodge |
| Embodiment 1 | 96% | 2 | By force | It is no |
| Embodiment 2 | 97% | 2 | By force | It is no |
| Comparative example 1 | 85% | 4-5 | It is weak | It is no |
| Comparative example 2 | 80% | 4-5 | It is weak | It is no |
| Comparative example 3 | 70% | 5-6 | By force | It is no |
| Comparative example 4 | 85% | 9-10 | By force | It is no |
| Comparative example 5 | 80% | 9-10 | By force | It is no |
| Comparative example 6 | 82% | 9-10 | By force | It is no |
| Comparative example 7 | 50% | 9-10 | It is weak | It is |
By upper table comparison as can be seen that comparative example 1 (sandy loam) is cultivated with comparative example 2 (vermiculite) both single-matrixes
Ice plant, emergence rate is high, and seedling-growing time is early, but the seedling later stage growing way of both Medium Cultures is weaker.(the grass of comparative example 3
Charcoal soil) although the seedling emergence rate of this matrix culture is not high, in seedling-growing time evening, seedling later stage growing way is strong.Comparative example 4-6 is mixed
It closes and is sowed in matrix, although later stage seedling growing way has improvement than single-matrix (sandy loam, vermiculite) growing way, seedling-growing time is more
Long, emergence needs 9-10 days, and the cavities bottom of 7 seedlings nursing plate of comparative example is packed into the vermiculite of cavities volume 1/5, upper layer filling mixing
Matrix, seedling effect is worst, by changing matrix, it can be seen that matrix has directly seedling-growing time, the emergence rate of ice plant
The mixed-matrix of the influence connect, matrix of the invention, turfy soil and sandy loam is attached to the position of cavities 3/5-4/5 as subsoil,
Bottom material and basis are provided for the growth of ice plant seedling；The space of top residue 2/5-1/5 fills vermiculite, and seed program request is existed
On vermiculite；Matrix is sprouted for seed, vermiculite is slim and graceful, there is gap, will not cause seed due to the matrix that watering is splash oppresses seed
It sprouts difficult.The matrix and substrate combination pattern of the present invention meets requirement of the seed different stages of growth to different substrates, fills
The physical attribute of matrix and the psychological need to seed germination and growth have been waved in distribution, have prodigious facilitation to root system；Simultaneously
Seed of the present invention shifts to an earlier date to be impregnated 12-24 hour in 20-25 DEG C of clear water, and when sowing only chooses the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally and sows.Avoid soil
Salinity in earth inhibits seed to sprout, and reduces emergence rate；The method for culturing seedlings seed of the present invention can emerge for 2-3 days, emergence rate
95%-100%.In addition final-period management humiture, wind speed, watering, survival rate is 85% or more.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ice plant is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, including steps are as follows：
(1) ice plant seed is impregnated 12-24 hours with 20-25 DEG C of clear water, until the seed of 90-95% is sprouted before sowing
It becomes visible white；
(2) matrix prepares：It is (1-3) to take the turfy soil after sieving and sandy loam by volume:(1-3) ratio is uniformly mixed,
Mixed-matrix is obtained, the vermiculite of diameter 0.1-0.2cm is chosen, it is spare；
(3) mixed-matrix, vermiculite are sequentially filled from bottom to up in the cavities of seedlings nursing plate, the packing volume of mixed-matrix accounts for cave
The 3/5-4/5 of pore volume；The packing volume of vermiculite accounts for the 1/5-2/5 of cavities volume；
(4) after filling, matrix is irrigated with atomized water；
(5) liquid-transfering gun when sowing, the seed that aspiration step (1) is sprouted is to cavities center, and after planting, the surface of the seed is without covering
Seedlings nursing plate is placed in backlight, 20-25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 60-80% by any matrix, and air velocity is less than 0.5-1m
s-1In environment；
(6) seed is emerged for 2-3 days, after stromal surface drying, is squirted with atomized water.
2. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that step (2),
Turfy soil grain size after sieving is 0.6-0.8cm, and the sandy loam grain size after sieving is 0.4-0.6cm.
3. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that step (2),
The volume ratio of turfy soil and sandy loam is (1-2)：(1-2).
4. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that turfy soil with
The volume ratio of sandy loam is 1：1.
5. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that step (3),
The seedlings nursing plate is the holes 40-60 seedling culture hole plate, the upper bore 4-5cm in each hole, lower relative aperture 2-3cm, deep 3-8cm.
6. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that step (3),
The packing volume of mixed-matrix accounts for the 3/5-4/5 of cavities volume；The packing volume of vermiculite accounts for the 1/5-2/5 of cavities volume.
7. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that mixed-matrix
Packing volume account for the 4/5 of cavities volume；The packing volume of vermiculite accounts for the 1/5 of cavities volume.
8. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that filling substrate
Afterwards, concordant with hole pocket at the top of matrix.
9. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that step (3),
It sows temperature and is less than or equal to 28 DEG C, 1 seed that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is sowed per cavities.
10. ice plant according to claim 1 is simple, high efficiency seedling cultivating cultural method, which is characterized in that the shifting
Liquid rifle is 1ml pipette tips, cuts off the liquid-transfering gun at the tip of 0.5cm.
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| CN201710763588.XA CN108293650B (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | Simple and efficient seedling culture and cultivation method for ice-leaf sunflowers |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112189554A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Soilless culture application technology and method for wheatgrass |
| CN112616608A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for cultivating iced vegetables |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104719115A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-06-24 | 东莞市金雷新材料科技有限公司 | Soilless planting method for African mesembryanthemum crystallinum |
| CN105684846A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Organic soilless culture sprout cultivating matrix of mesembryanthemum crystallinum and preparation method of matrix |
-
2017
- 2017-08-30 CN CN201710763588.XA patent/CN108293650B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104719115A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-06-24 | 东莞市金雷新材料科技有限公司 | Soilless planting method for African mesembryanthemum crystallinum |
| CN105684846A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Organic soilless culture sprout cultivating matrix of mesembryanthemum crystallinum and preparation method of matrix |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112189554A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Soilless culture application technology and method for wheatgrass |
| CN112616608A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for cultivating iced vegetables |
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