CN112189554A - Soilless culture application technology and method for wheatgrass - Google Patents
Soilless culture application technology and method for wheatgrass Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application technology and a method for soilless culture of wheatgrass, belonging to the technical field of soilless culture application of wheatgrass, wherein the application technology comprises the following steps: (1) treating wheatgrass seeds, (2) preparing a culture medium: the selected main materials are as follows: crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, and auxiliary materials comprise livestock and poultry manure, plant ash or coal slag, biogas slurry, microbial pesticide and compound fertilizer, (3) then, the seeds reserved in the working procedure (1) are cultivated on the surface of the cultivation substrate prepared in the working procedure (2) for cultivation, (4) harvesting: the method is characterized in that the plants are picked after being mature and then cultivated again, and if the plants are cultivated repeatedly for 3-5 times, the cultivation matrix needs to be renewed, the cost is low, wastes of other raw materials can be directly used for processing, the preparation is simple, the cultivation is convenient, and the good quality of the agropyron soilless cultivation can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture application of wheatgrass, in particular to soilless culture application technology and method of wheatgrass.
Background
The wheatgrass is a vegetable with rich nutritive value, the prior wheatgrass is generally cultivated in a greenhouse base in the cultivation process, the wheatgrass is cultivated in soil in the greenhouse base, the wheatgrass has high requirements on nutrients and components in the soil, the wheatgrass has long growth period and uneven texture in the soil cultivation process, the wheatgrass grows unevenly, the soil cultivation can be carried out only for a few seasons, and the good circulation cultivation cannot be carried out continuously. Therefore, an application technology and a method for soilless culture of the wheatgrass are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an application technology and a method for soilless culture of wheatgrass, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an application technology and a method for soilless culture of wheatgrass, the application technology comprises the following steps:
treating the wheatgrass seeds: selecting seeds with good texture and capable of being cultivated, cleaning the wheatgrass seeds with hypochlorous acid water, disinfecting the seeds, soaking the seeds in water at 45-50 ℃ until mucus seeps out of the surfaces of the seeds, and taking the seeds out for later use;
preparing a culture substrate: the selected main materials are as follows: crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, and the auxiliary materials are livestock and poultry manure, plant ash or coal slag, biogas slurry, microbial pesticide and compound fertilizer;
when preparing a culture medium, selecting 30-50 parts of crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, wherein 0.2-0.5 part of straw decomposition agent is needed to be used for accelerating the decomposition of the crop straws, then mixing the crop straws with the organic waste alcohol biogas residues and paving the mixture on the bottommost layer of a culture device, then spraying 0.2-0.5 cm of plant ash or coal slag on the surface of the culture device, diluting the biogas slurry and adding the diluted biogas slurry into the culture device, controlling the depth to be 2-4 cm, mixing livestock and poultry excrement into the biogas slurry in the process of pouring the biogas slurry, then adding 0.1-0.3 part of microbial bacteria on the surface of the biogas slurry, then sealing the culture device for 3-7 days, and adding a compound fertilizer into the biogas slurry, thereby completing the preparation of the culture medium;
then, the seeds reserved in the step (1) are cultivated to the surface of the cultivation substrate prepared in the step (2), during cultivation, the depth of the seeds penetrating into the cultivation substrate is 2-3 cm, the humidity of the cultivation substrate is guaranteed, red and blue light is adopted for irradiation in the cultivation process, weak light irradiation is adopted after seeding, the illumination intensity is 7500-8500 lux, the light quantum number is 130-160 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the temperature is controlled at 18-23 ℃, after seedling emergence, the illumination intensity is 7000-8000 lux, the light quantum number is 110-130 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the room temperature is 18-25 ℃, and when the plants are cultivated, nutrient solution is indirectly added into the cultivation substrate to enable the plants to grow strongly, then the plants are transplanted according to the planting growth condition, and the bulk density of the plants is guaranteed;
harvesting: when the plants are mature, the plants are picked and then cultivated again, and the cultivation matrix needs to be renewed if the plants are cultivated repeatedly for 3-5 times of maturation.
Further, in the step (3), after sowing, the temperature is 21-23 ℃ in daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, and after emergence of seedlings, the temperature is 22-25 ℃ in daytime and 18-23 ℃ at night.
Furthermore, the nutrient solution in the step (3) comprises 0.26-0.33 weight part of manganese sulfate, 0.03-0.05 weight part of zinc sulfate, 0.009-0.02 weight part of copper sulfate, 200mmol/L Na Cl solution and 100 parts of water.
Further, the illumination time after sowing in the step (3) is 16 h/8 h white, and the illumination time after seedling emergence is 18 h/6 h white.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the culture medium is prepared in an soilless culture mode according to the growth characteristics of the agropyron cristatum, the agropyron cristatum seeds can be directly cultured on the culture medium after being treated, the consideration of the existence of a suitable ground surface culture factor is not needed, the cost is low, the wastes of other raw materials can be directly used for processing, the preparation is simple, the culture is convenient, and the good quality of the soilless culture of the agropyron cristatum can be ensured.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: an application technology and a method for soilless culture of wheatgrass, the application technology comprises the following steps:
treating the wheatgrass seeds: selecting seeds with good texture and capable of being cultivated, cleaning the wheatgrass seeds with hypochlorous acid water, disinfecting the seeds, soaking the seeds in water at 45-50 ℃ until mucus seeps out of the surfaces of the seeds, and taking the seeds out for later use;
preparing a culture substrate: the selected main materials are as follows: crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, and the auxiliary materials are livestock and poultry manure, plant ash or coal slag, biogas slurry, microbial pesticide and compound fertilizer;
when preparing a culture medium, selecting 30-50 parts of crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, wherein 0.2-0.5 part of straw decomposition agent is needed to be used for accelerating the decomposition of the crop straws, then mixing the crop straws with the organic waste alcohol biogas residues and paving the mixture on the bottommost layer of a culture device, then spraying 0.2-0.5 cm of plant ash or coal slag on the surface of the culture device, diluting the biogas slurry and adding the diluted biogas slurry into the culture device, controlling the depth to be 2-4 cm, mixing livestock and poultry excrement into the biogas slurry in the process of pouring the biogas slurry, then adding 0.1-0.3 part of microbial bacteria on the surface of the biogas slurry, then sealing the culture device for 3-7 days, and adding a compound fertilizer into the biogas slurry, thereby completing the preparation of the culture medium;
then, the seeds reserved in the step (1) are cultivated to the surface of the cultivation substrate prepared in the step (2), during cultivation, the depth of the seeds penetrating into the cultivation substrate is 2-3 cm, the humidity of the cultivation substrate is guaranteed, red and blue light is adopted for irradiation in the cultivation process, weak light irradiation is adopted after seeding, the illumination intensity is 7500-8500 lux, the light quantum number is 130-160 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the temperature is controlled at 18-23 ℃, after seedling emergence, the illumination intensity is 7000-8000 lux, the light quantum number is 110-130 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the room temperature is 18-25 ℃, and when the plants are cultivated, nutrient solution is indirectly added into the cultivation substrate to enable the plants to grow strongly, then the plants are transplanted according to the planting growth condition, and the bulk density of the plants is guaranteed;
harvesting: when the plants are mature, the plants are picked and then cultivated again, and the cultivation matrix needs to be renewed if the plants are cultivated repeatedly for 3-5 times of maturation.
Further, in the step (3), after sowing, the temperature is 21-23 ℃ in daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, and after emergence of seedlings, the temperature is 22-25 ℃ in daytime and 18-23 ℃ at night.
Furthermore, the nutrient solution in the step (3) comprises 0.26-0.33 weight part of manganese sulfate, 0.03-0.05 weight part of zinc sulfate, 0.009-0.02 weight part of copper sulfate, 200mmol/L Na Cl solution and 100 parts of water.
Further, the illumination time after sowing in the step (3) is 16 h/8 h white, and the illumination time after seedling emergence is 18 h/6 h white.
The first embodiment is as follows: an application technology and a method for soilless culture of wheatgrass, the application technology comprises the following steps:
treating the wheatgrass seeds: selecting seeds with good texture and capable of being cultivated, cleaning the wheatgrass seeds with hypochlorous acid water, disinfecting the seeds, soaking the seeds in water at 45 ℃ until mucus seeps out of the surfaces of the seeds, and taking the seeds out for later use;
preparing a culture substrate: the selected main materials are as follows: crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, and the auxiliary materials are livestock and poultry manure, plant ash or coal slag, biogas slurry, microbial pesticide and compound fertilizer;
when preparing a culture medium, selecting 30 parts of crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, wherein the crop straws need to be quickly decomposed by using 0.2 part of straw decomposition agent, then mixing the crop straws with the organic waste alcohol biogas residues and paving the mixture on the bottommost layer of a culture device, then spraying 0.2cm of plant ash or coal slag on the surface of the crop straws, diluting the biogas slurry and adding the diluted biogas slurry into the culture device, controlling the depth to be 2cm, mixing livestock and poultry manure into the biogas slurry in the process of pouring the biogas slurry, then adding 0.1 part of microbial bacteria on the surface of the biogas slurry, sealing the culture device for 3 days, and then adding a compound fertilizer into the biogas slurry to finish the preparation of the culture medium;
then, the seeds reserved in the step (1) are cultivated to the surface of the cultivation substrate prepared in the step (2), during cultivation, the depth of the seeds penetrating into the cultivation substrate is 2-3 cm, the humidity of the cultivation substrate is guaranteed, red and blue light is adopted for irradiation in the cultivation process, weak light is adopted for irradiation after sowing, the illumination intensity is 7500lux, the light quantum number is 130-160 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the temperature is controlled at 18 ℃, after seedling emergence, the illumination intensity is 7000lux, the light quantum number is 110 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the room temperature is 18 ℃, nutrient solution is required to be indirectly added into the cultivation substrate during cultivation of plants, the plants are allowed to thrive, then the plants are transplanted according to the planting growth condition, and the bulk density of the plants is guaranteed;
harvesting: picking the plant after the plant is mature, then culturing again, and if the plant is cultured repeatedly for 3 times to be mature, renewing the culture substrate;
example two: an application technology and a method for soilless culture of wheatgrass, the application technology comprises the following steps:
treating the wheatgrass seeds: selecting seeds with good texture and capable of being cultivated, cleaning the wheatgrass seeds with hypochlorous acid water, disinfecting the seeds, soaking the seeds in water at 48 ℃ until mucus seeps out of the surfaces of the seeds, and taking the seeds out for later use;
preparing a culture substrate: the selected main materials are as follows: crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, and the auxiliary materials are livestock and poultry manure, plant ash or coal slag, biogas slurry, microbial pesticide and compound fertilizer;
when preparing a culture medium, selecting 40 parts of crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, wherein the crop straws need to be quickly decomposed by using 0.35 part of straw decomposition agent, then mixing the crop straws with the organic waste alcohol biogas residues and paving the mixture on the bottommost layer of a culture device, then spraying 0.35cm of plant ash or coal slag on the surface of the crop straws, diluting the biogas slurry and adding the diluted biogas slurry into the culture device, controlling the depth to be 3cm, mixing livestock and poultry manure into the biogas slurry in the process of pouring the biogas slurry, then adding 0.2 part of microbial bacteria on the surface of the biogas slurry, sealing the culture device for 5 days, and then adding a compound fertilizer into the biogas slurry to finish the preparation of the culture medium;
then, the seeds reserved in the working procedure (1) are cultivated to the surface of the cultivation substrate prepared in the working procedure (2), during cultivation, the depth of the seeds penetrating into the cultivation substrate is 2.5cm, the humidity of the cultivation substrate is guaranteed, red and blue light is adopted for irradiation during cultivation, weak light is adopted for irradiation after sowing, the illumination intensity is 8000lux, the light quantum number is 145 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the temperature is controlled at 20 ℃, after seedling emergence, the illumination intensity is 7500lux, the light quantum number is 120 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the room temperature is 21 ℃, nutrient solution is indirectly added into the cultivation substrate during cultivation of the plants, the plants are made to thrive, then the plants are transplanted according to the planting growth condition, and the bulk density of the plants is guaranteed;
harvesting: picking the plant after the plant is mature, then culturing again, and if the plant is cultured repeatedly for 4 times to be mature, renewing the culture substrate;
example three: an application technology and a method for soilless culture of wheatgrass, the application technology comprises the following steps:
treating the wheatgrass seeds: selecting seeds with good texture and capable of being cultivated, cleaning the wheatgrass seeds with hypochlorous acid water, disinfecting the seeds, soaking the seeds in water at 50 ℃ until mucus seeps out of the surfaces of the seeds, and taking the seeds out for later use;
preparing a culture substrate: the selected main materials are as follows: crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, and the auxiliary materials are livestock and poultry manure, plant ash or coal slag, biogas slurry, microbial pesticide and compound fertilizer;
when preparing a culture medium, selecting 50 parts of crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, wherein the crop straws need to be quickly decomposed by using 0.5 part of straw decomposition agent, then mixing the crop straws with the organic waste alcohol biogas residues and paving the mixture on the bottommost layer of a culture device, then spraying 0.5cm of plant ash or coal slag on the surface of the crop straws, diluting the biogas slurry and adding the diluted biogas slurry into the culture device, controlling the depth to be 4cm, mixing livestock and poultry manure into the biogas slurry in the process of pouring the biogas slurry, then adding 0.3 part of microbial bacteria on the surface of the biogas slurry, sealing the culture device for 7 days, and then adding a compound fertilizer into the biogas slurry to finish the preparation of the culture medium;
then, the seeds reserved in the working procedure (1) are cultivated to the surface of the cultivation substrate prepared in the working procedure (2), during cultivation, the depth of the seeds penetrating into the cultivation substrate is 3cm, the humidity of the cultivation substrate is guaranteed, red and blue light is adopted for irradiation in the cultivation process, weak light irradiation is adopted after sowing, the illumination intensity is 8500lux, the light quantum number is 160 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the temperature is controlled to be 23 ℃, after seedling emergence, the illumination intensity is 8000lux, the light quantum number is 130 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the room temperature is 25 ℃, nutrient solution is indirectly added into the cultivation substrate during cultivation of the plants, so that the plants grow vigorously, then the plants are transplanted according to the planting growth condition, and the bulk density of the plants is guaranteed;
harvesting: when the plants are mature, the plants are picked and then cultivated again, and the cultivation matrix needs to be renewed if the plants are cultivated repeatedly for 5 times of maturation.
In summary, the following steps: the plant in the first embodiment has long growth period and good quality; the plant growth cycle in the second embodiment is shortened, and the quality is better; the plants in example three had shorter growth cycles, with the first three being the best quality and the last two being good quality.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. An agropyron cristatum soilless culture application technology and a method are characterized in that: the application technology comprises the following steps:
(1) treating the wheatgrass seeds: selecting seeds with good texture and capable of being cultivated, cleaning the wheatgrass seeds with hypochlorous acid water, disinfecting the seeds, soaking the seeds in water at 45-50 ℃ until mucus seeps out of the surfaces of the seeds, and taking the seeds out for later use;
(2) preparing a culture substrate: the selected main materials are as follows: crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, and the auxiliary materials are livestock and poultry manure, plant ash or coal slag, biogas slurry, microbial pesticide and compound fertilizer;
when preparing a culture medium, selecting 30-50 parts of crop straws and organic waste alcohol biogas residues, wherein 0.2-0.5 part of straw decomposition agent is needed to be used for accelerating the decomposition of the crop straws, then mixing the crop straws with the organic waste alcohol biogas residues and paving the mixture on the bottommost layer of a culture device, then spraying 0.2-0.5 cm of plant ash or coal slag on the surface of the culture device, diluting the biogas slurry and adding the diluted biogas slurry into the culture device, controlling the depth to be 2-4 cm, mixing livestock and poultry excrement into the biogas slurry in the process of pouring the biogas slurry, then adding 0.1-0.3 part of microbial bacteria on the surface of the biogas slurry, then sealing the culture device for 3-7 days, and adding a compound fertilizer into the biogas slurry, thereby completing the preparation of the culture medium;
(3) then, the seeds reserved in the step (1) are cultivated to the surface of the cultivation substrate prepared in the step (2), during cultivation, the depth of the seeds penetrating into the cultivation substrate is 2-3 cm, the humidity of the cultivation substrate is guaranteed, red and blue light is adopted for irradiation in the cultivation process, weak light irradiation is adopted after seeding, the illumination intensity is 7500-8500 lux, the light quantum number is 130-160 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the temperature is controlled at 18-23 ℃, after seedling emergence, the illumination intensity is 7000-8000 lux, the light quantum number is 110-130 mu mol/m < 2 > 2s, the room temperature is 18-25 ℃, and when the plants are cultivated, nutrient solution is indirectly added into the cultivation substrate to enable the plants to grow strongly, then the plants are transplanted according to the planting growth condition, and the bulk density of the plants is guaranteed;
(4) harvesting: when the plants are mature, the plants are picked and then cultivated again, and the cultivation matrix needs to be renewed if the plants are cultivated repeatedly for 3-5 times of maturation.
2. An agropyron cristatum soilless culture application technology and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), after sowing, the room temperature is 21-23 ℃ in daytime, the temperature is 18-20 ℃ at night, and after emergence of seedlings, the room temperature is 22-25 ℃ in daytime and the temperature is 18-23 ℃ at night.
3. An agropyron cristatum soilless culture application technology and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nutrient solution in the step (3) comprises 0.26-0.33 weight part of manganese sulfate, 0.03-0.05 weight part of zinc sulfate, 0.009-0.02 weight part of copper sulfate, 200mmol/L Na Cl solution and 100 parts of water.
4. An agropyron cristatum soilless culture application technology and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the illumination time after sowing is 16 h/8 h, and the illumination time after seedling emergence is 18 h/6 h.
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| CN115136856A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-10-04 | 宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所(宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室) | Technical method for improving breeding of Mongolian wheatgrass seeds |
| CN115136856B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-06-27 | 宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所(宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室) | Technical method for improving breeding of Mongolian agropyron |
| CN115349437A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-18 | 甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所(甘肃省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所) | Rapid soilless culture production method for agricultural grass seeds |
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Application publication date: 20210108 |