CN108235902B - Natural selenium-rich rice dry land cultivation method - Google Patents
Natural selenium-rich rice dry land cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108235902B CN108235902B CN201810017152.0A CN201810017152A CN108235902B CN 108235902 B CN108235902 B CN 108235902B CN 201810017152 A CN201810017152 A CN 201810017152A CN 108235902 B CN108235902 B CN 108235902B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention provides a natural selenium-rich selenium-enriched foodThe rice dry land cultivation method comprises the following steps: selecting a land parcel with the pH of 5.5-7.0, wherein the total selenium content of the soil is more than or equal to 0.3 mg/kg; preparing soil, and then paving a drip irrigation tape and a mulching film; (III) hole sowing, wherein the average number of seeds under each hole is 6-8; dibbling the seedlings at the positions of 9-11cm on the two sides of the drip irrigation, wherein the row spacing is 18-22cm, and the plant spacing is 18-22cm, and timely dripping water to sprout; (IV) during growth period, water is dropped 1 time per week, and 40-50m is dropped3/667m2Meanwhile, the water dropping times and the water consumption are properly reduced according to the rainfall condition; the water-soluble fertilizer is applied for 4 times in the whole growth period of the rice, and is applied along with water drops. The selenium-rich rice planted by the method adopts dry land planting, and planting details are optimized, so that selenium element is easily and fully absorbed, the selenium content of the planted rice is high, and the detected selenium content in the rice is more than 0.1 mg/kg.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for cultivating natural selenium-rich rice in dry land.
Background
Selenium is one of essential trace elements for human body, and has multiple functions of resisting oxidation, resisting aging, protecting and repairing cells, improving the oxygen carrying capacity of erythrocytes, improving the immunity of human body, detoxifying, expelling toxin, antagonizing the toxicity of heavy metals, preventing canceration, protecting heart and cerebral vessels and the like. Selenium, however, is not synthesized in the human body and must be obtained from the diet. Therefore, whether the human body is selenium-deficient depends to a large extent on the selenium content in the food. Three quarters of land area in China belongs to areas with low selenium and selenium deficiency, and two thirds of population has insufficient selenium intake in different degrees and needs to be supplemented with selenium.
Under the influence of dietary habits, 80% of the total selenium intake of residents in China comes from grains. Therefore, the increase of the selenium content in the grains is an important way for supplementing selenium for human bodies. The rice is one of the main grain crops in China, and the production of the natural selenium-rich rice through rice selenium-rich cultivation is the most effective way for supplementing selenium for human bodies. At present, the selenium-rich cultivation of rice mainly comprises two modes, one mode is to improve the selenium content of rice by manually applying selenium fertilizer, and the other mode is to produce the selenium-rich rice by utilizing selenium-rich soil resources. Compared with the former, the latter has the advantages of obvious nature, high quality, safety, reliability, no pollution and sustainability.
The rich selenium-rich soil resource in Hainan provides convenience for the development of natural selenium-rich rice. Examination of soil selenium in 18 city and county farmlands in Hainan island by Yangzhongfang and the like shows that the area of the selenium-rich soil in Hainan island reaches 9500km2About 69.8% of the soil is selenium-rich or selenium-rich. Therefore, the method utilizes the selenium-rich soil in Hainan to cultivate the selenium-rich rice in dry land and develop high-quality selenium-rich rice in dry land, and has obvious natural advantages and development space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the method for planting the selenium-rich rice.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method for planting natural selenium-rich rice in dry land comprises the following steps:
(one) land selection
Selecting plots with irrigation conditions, flat topography, continuous slices, moderate soil fertility or more, good water retention performance and pH of 5.5-7.0, wherein the total selenium content of the soil is more than or equal to 0.3 mg/kg (the total selenium content of the soil reaches the standard that the selenium content is 0.3-0.4 mg/kg or the selenium content is more than 0.4 mg/kg);
(II) preparation of field
Soil preparation, namely leveling, loosening and finely crushing the plough layer soil; then drip irrigation tapes and mulching films are laid, the interval between every two drip irrigation tapes is 38-42cm, the mulching films are spread flatly and tightly (2 m wide films can be used for full ground coverage, and a film is covered at the joint of the two films to ensure that the spread films are flat and tight);
(III) sowing
Seeding rate: the seeding rate is 2-3kg/667m2Bunch planting, the average number of seeds under each hole is 6-8; a sowing mode: poking broken mulching films to dibble at 9-11cm positions on two sides of the drip irrigation, sowing the mulching films at a depth of 2.0-2.5cm, simultaneously ensuring that the planting row spacing is 18-22cm, controlling the plant spacing at 18-22cm, and dripping water in time after sowing to sprout;
(IV) management of fertilizer and water
The growth period is generalDripping water 1 time per week (40-50 m per time)3/667m2Meanwhile, the times of dripping water and the water consumption are properly reduced according to the rainfall condition, and the relative water content of the soil is ensured to be more than 80 percent;
the fertilizer is applied for 4 times in the whole growth period of the rice, and the water-soluble fertilizer is applied along with the water drop.
Preferably, the natural selenium-rich rice dry land planting method comprises the following steps:
(one) choosing the ground
Selecting land blocks with irrigation conditions, flat topography, continuous pieces, moderate soil fertility and good water retention performance, wherein the pH value of the land blocks is from weak acidity to neutrality, and the total selenium content of the soil is more than or equal to 0.3 mg/kg;
(II) preparation of field
Soil preparation, namely leveling, loosening and finely crushing the plough layer soil; then drip irrigation belts and mulching films are laid, the interval between every two drip irrigation belts is about 38-42cm, the mulching films are spread flatly and tightly, and the full-film coverage is realized on the cultivated ground (the mulching films can be used for full-ground coverage with 2m wide films, and the joint of the two films is covered with soil and pressed films, so that the full-film coverage and the flat and tight mulching film spreading on the ground are ensured);
(III) sowing
Seeding rate: the seeding rate is 2-3kg/667m2Bunch planting, the average number of seeds under each hole is 6-8; a sowing mode: poking broken mulching films to dibble at the positions of about 10cm on the two sides of the drip irrigation, wherein the sowing depth is 2.0-2.5cm, the planting row spacing is about 20cm, the planting distance is controlled at about 20cm, and water is dripped in time after sowing to emerge;
(IV) fertilizer and water management
Dripping water before emergence to maintain the relative water content of soil at 90%, dripping water 1 time per week from emergence to harvest, and dripping water 40-50m each time3/667m2Meanwhile, the water dropping times and the water consumption are properly reduced according to the rainfall condition, and the relative water content of the soil is kept above 80 percent;
the fertilizer is applied for 4 times in the whole growth period of the rice, and the water-soluble fertilizer is applied along with the water drop.
Preferably, the fertilizer is applied 4 times in total throughout the entire growth period of the rice, respectively: (1) 6-8kg/667m of urea is applied in seedling stage2Phosphoric acid2.5-35 kg/667m of monoammonium22.5-3.5kg of potassium chloride per 667m2. (2) 9-11kg/667m of urea is applied in tillering stage26.5-7.5kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate26.5-7.5kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (3) 9-11kg/667m of urea is applied during booting stage26.5-7.5kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate26.5-7.5kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (4) 9-11kg/667m of urea is applied in heading stage26.5-7.5kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate26.5-7.5kg/667m of potassium chloride2。
Further preferably, the fertilizer is applied to the rice for 4 times in total throughout the growth period, wherein the fertilizer comprises: (1) 7kg/667m of urea is applied in seedling stage23kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate23kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (2) 10kg/667m of urea is applied in the tillering stage27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (3) 10kg/667m of urea is applied in booting stage27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (4) The application of urea at the heading stage is 10kg/667m27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2。
Preferably, the plots are selected to have a pH of 5.5 to 7.0.
The selenium-rich rice planted by the method adopts dry land planting, and planting details are optimized, so that selenium element is easily and fully absorbed, the selenium content of the planted rice is high, and the detected selenium content in the rice is more than 0.1 mg/kg.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood by reference to the following examples.
(one) land selection
The land should be selected to have irrigation condition, flat land, continuous land, soil fertility more than moderate, good water retention property, and pH value from weak acidity to neutrality (5.5-7.0). The total selenium content of the soil should reach the standard of 0.3-0.4 g/kg of sufficient selenium or more than 0.4 mg/kg of selenium, and in the embodiment, the total selenium content of the soil of the selected land parcel is 0.382 mg/kg.
(II) soil preparation, pipe laying and film covering
The plough layer soil is required to be smooth, soft and fine. After soil preparation is completed, drip irrigation belts and mulching films are laid, each drip irrigation belt is spaced by 40cm, the mulching films are covered with 2m wide films on the whole ground, the joints of the two films are covered with soil and pressed to ensure that the films are laid flat and tight, the cultivation ground is covered with the whole films, the mulching films can be covered with 2m wide films on the whole ground, and the joints of the two films are covered with the soil and pressed to ensure that the ground is covered with the whole films and the films are laid flat and tight.
(III) sowing
Sowing seeds of a variety which is suitable for local cultivation and has strong disease resistance, lodging resistance, tillering capability and high yield, wherein the sowing amount is as follows: the seeding rate is 2-3kg/667m2And (4) performing hole sowing, wherein the average number of seeds in each hole is 6-8. A sowing mode: and (3) dibbling the mulching films broken by a seeder at the positions of 10cm on the two sides of the drip irrigation, wherein the seeding depth is 2.0-2.5cm, the planting row spacing is about 20cm, the planting spacing is also controlled about 20cm, and water is dripped in time after seeding to emerge.
(IV) fertilizer and water management
Water requirement of 600m in whole growth period3/667m2Dripping water before emergence to maintain the relative water content of soil at 90%, dripping water 1 time per week from emergence to harvest, 40-50m per time3/667m2Meanwhile, the water dropping times and the water consumption are properly reduced according to the rainfall condition, and the relative water content of the soil is kept above 80 percent.
Applying a fertilizer for 4 times in the whole growth period of the rice, applying a water-soluble fertilizer, and applying along with water drops: (1) 7kg/667m of urea is applied in seedling stage23kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate23kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (2) 10kg/667m of urea is applied in the tillering stage27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (3) 10kg/667m of urea is applied in booting stage27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2. (4) The application of urea at the heading stage is 10kg/667m27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2。
The rice is planted in the same land by a water planting method, and the selenium content of rice planted in the same land in a dry planting mode and the selenium content of rice planted in a water planting mode are compared, and the results are shown in the following table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the selenium content of rice planted in dry land by the method of the present invention is 0.1mg/kg or more, and the average value is 0.11mg/kg, which is much higher than that of rice planted in water.
TABLE 1
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for planting natural selenium-rich rice in dry land is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(one) land selection
Selecting a plot with irrigation conditions, flat topography, continuous slices, moderate soil fertility, good water retention performance and pH of 5.5-7.0, wherein the total selenium content of the soil is more than or equal to 0.3 mg/kg;
(II) preparation of field
Soil preparation, namely leveling, loosening and finely crushing the plough layer soil; then laying drip irrigation tapes and a mulching film, wherein the interval between every two drip irrigation tapes is 38-42cm, and the mulching film is laid flat and tight;
(III) sowing
Seeding rate: the seeding rate is 2-3kg/667m2Bunch planting, the average number of seeds under each hole is 6-8; a sowing mode: poking broken mulching films to dibble at 10cm positions on two sides of the drip irrigation, sowing the mulching films to a depth of 2.0-2.5cm, simultaneously ensuring that the planting row spacing is 20cm, controlling the plant spacing to be 20cm, and dripping water in time after sowing to sprout;
(IV) management of fertilizer and water
Fully dripping water before seedling emergence, and keeping the relative water content of soil above 90%; the growth period is generally 1 drop per week, and 40-50m drop per time3/667m2According to the rainfall at the same timeThe dropping times and the water consumption are properly reduced under the condition, and the relative water content of the soil is ensured to be more than 80 percent;
applying a fertilizer for 4 times in the whole growth period of the rice, and applying a water-soluble fertilizer along with water drop application; the four fertilization times are respectively as follows: (1) 7kg/667m of urea is applied in seedling stage23kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate23kg/667m of potassium chloride2(2) applying 10kg/667m of urea in tillering stage27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2(3) applying 10kg/667m of urea in booting stage27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2(4) applying 10kg/667m of urea in heading period27kg/667m of monoammonium phosphate27kg/667m of potassium chloride2。
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| CN115399207A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-29 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Dry land rice cultivation method |
| CN116569799A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-08-11 | 青海省第五地质勘查院 | Cultivation and judgment method of natural selenium-enriched millet |
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| CN102301879A (en) * | 2011-07-10 | 2012-01-04 | 池州市梅里生态米业有限公司 | Cultivation method of organic selenium-enriched rice |
| CN102550349A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-07-11 | 广西康华农业股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating organic selenium-enriched rice |
| CN103828665A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-04 | 和县金城米业有限责任公司 | Method for planting se-enriched rice |
| CN104829382A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-08-12 | 内蒙古朵日纳硒科生物技术有限公司 | High-efficiency selenium-rich wheat or rice foliage spray fertilizer |
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| WO2015109570A1 (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2015-07-30 | 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 | Oryza sativa dedicated selenium fertilizer and method for preparing and producing selenium-rich rice using same |
| CN105532343A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-05-04 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Selenium-rich rice precise cultivation method |
| CN106258685A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 望江县康利家庭农场 | A kind of implantation methods of Selenium rich rice |
| CN106718447A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 重庆壹点玖包企业管理咨询有限公司 | A kind of organic high-yield cultivating method of excellent paddy rice of selenium-rich Luo |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301879A (en) * | 2011-07-10 | 2012-01-04 | 池州市梅里生态米业有限公司 | Cultivation method of organic selenium-enriched rice |
| CN102550349A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-07-11 | 广西康华农业股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating organic selenium-enriched rice |
| CN103828665A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-04 | 和县金城米业有限责任公司 | Method for planting se-enriched rice |
| CN104829382A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-08-12 | 内蒙古朵日纳硒科生物技术有限公司 | High-efficiency selenium-rich wheat or rice foliage spray fertilizer |
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