CN108156988B - A method of improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate - Google Patents
A method of improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods for improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate, manage and protect including scion acquisition with preparation, graft disinfection, the sealing with wax and save of scion, the selection of grafting period, stock, engrafting method, managing after grafting etc..Scion of the present invention is adopted thorn with Chinese honey locust and is combined, so that resource makes full use of, the key technology of the present invention for improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate, period distinguishes well, method is easy to operate, manages and protects and simple, and Chinese honey locust graft survival rate can reach 97% or more, be able to achieve the industrialization of Chinese honey locust graft technology completely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forest genetics reproduction technique fields, more particularly, to a kind of side for improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate
Method.
Background technique
Chinese honey locust is the distinctive indigenous tree in China, it be from head to foot it is precious, collect medicinal, edible, forage grass, chemical industry, with material, watch in
One, is a kind of economical tree species of multifunctional ecological.Especially Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture (soap needle) includes glycosides displayed, phenols, amino acid, property
It is temperature, acrid flavour, nontoxic, the effect of curing mainly carbuncle swells, sore, sick wind, tinea sore, retention of afterbirth, also search wind, detoxification, detumescence, apocenosis,
It is good Chinese patent drug raw material, is listed in anticancer herbal drug.In recent years, with the continuous research and development of Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture utility value,
Various regions have started the climax that plant thorn uses Chinese honey locust, to make a profit.But and all long spinosity of not all Gleditsia officinalis or length are much pierced, and are led to
Crossing grafting Chinese honey locust breeding can improve that existing Chinese honey locust plant is stingless or pierce characteristic less, finally obtain the more Gleditsia officinalis of knot thorn, play
Increase the purpose of self-employed tree cultivator's income.
When carrying out thorn with Chinese honey locust engrafting and cultivating, due to hard more than the quil on Chinese honey locust branch, graft it is very difficult so that
The defects of existing Chinese honey locust engrafting method, it is low that there are survival rates, at high cost, and grafting speed is slow.In general, carrying out thorn soap
When pod is grafted, need specially to cultivate mother plant for cutting for adopting fringe, mother plant for cutting just can not normally produce thorn, so that under Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture yield
It drops more, reduces the economy that can be generated of Chinese honey locust and change benefit, and the survival rate of scion is not high after grafting, then can waste and largely connect
Fringe increases the investment of culture mother plant for cutting, so that Chinese honey locust toxigenic capacity increases；Meanwhile needed when grafting to scion and stock into
Row specially treated needs to take considerable time, the survival rate after grafting is low to mean that workload can be multiplied, so that work
Person works' amount is big, can also to graft period elongation, so that best grafting time may be missed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of methods for improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate, to solve existing thorn Chinese honey locust grafting survival
Rate is low, need to expend the problem of a large amount of scion.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is summarized as follows:
A method of Chinese honey locust graft survival rate is improved, is included the following steps:
(1) scion acquisition and preparation: from December to next year 2 months, in conjunction with Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture branch, and the scolus on branch is cut；
Selection branch is logical straight, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm, sprout are full and diameter 0.6cm~1.3cm annual healthy and strong branch
As scion material, clip length is 10cm~15cm, retains 3~4 buds, biology top and bottom straight snips；
(2) scion described in step (1) graft disinfection: is completely soaked to 500~800 times of height matched by 1:1
In potassium manganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder mixed liquor, soaking time 25min~35min is pulled out and is dried；
(3) scion sealing with wax and saving: the scion both ends after disinfection described in step (2) are all carried out processing of sealing with wax, stone
Wax solution temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C~90 DEG C；After scion of sealing with wax is completely cooling, be incorporated in the transparent plastic bag of air hole into
Row sealing refrigeration；
(4) grafting period: first arrival the first tenday period of a month in May in April, specifically will be until stock is completely from skin Shi Weijia；
(5) stock is managed and protected: using 2~3 years Chinese honey locust seedlings as stock, stock should be watered with water before grafting, when cutting stock,
Subject to clip has sap to flow out, bark is easily stripped；
(6) engrafting method: using modified form cortex grafting, i.e., first in stock 10~15cm, smooth position straight snips from the ground,
Recycle grafting knife in the side of straight snips mouth to cut an inclined-plane, then since the center on inclined-plane start vertically length about 2cm standardized down,
Depth reaches cambial osculum；Scion lower end after sealing with wax described in step (3) is whittled into half U that length is 2.0cm~3.0cm
Shape, xylem prune 1/2~2/3, and the osculum scratched with the scion cut along stock skin zone is inserted into the gap of stock cortex
In, and with plastic strip by the two junction together with stock straight snips face together bondage, bind；
(7) managing after grafting: needing to fill primary permeable at once after grafting, needs to remove in time after grafting successfully and sets upper sprout tillers, and
Prevent and treat pest and disease damage.
Preferably, the Chinese honey locust breeding where scion described in step (1) is Henan soap 1 or Henan soap 2.
No. 2 Chinese honey locust breedings of Henan soap 1 and Henan soap are forestry scientific research Yuan Yuan Chinese honey locust seminars, Henan Province to Chinese honey locust depth
On the basis of entering research, what is selected has specificity, consistency, the stronger Chinese honey locust choiceness of Stability and adaptability,
In December, 2016 by authorization, and New species right in plant is authorized by the State Administration of Forestry.Wherein soap No. 1 spina gleditsiae in Henan is coniform, slightly
It is strong and to pierce upper intermuscular needling more, be mainly grown on trunk and major branch, cluster cluster is grown together, and from butt be upwards in spiral shell
It revolving shape growth, and evening spina gleditsiae brown stain phase, knot is pierced without biennial bearing phenomenon, and it is not tight to soil and weather conditions requirement, it is drought-resistant, lean
Thin, thorn yield is high；No. 2 spina gleditsiae cones of Henan soap, length and sagging, sagging angle are 30~45 °, are mainly grown in trunk and major branch
Base portion, cluster cluster are grown together, and are tied and pierced without biennial bearing phenomenon, not tight to soil and weather conditions requirement, drought-resistant, lean
It is thin.Using Henan soap 1 or the Henan soap 2 Chinese honey locust breedings as scion, the Chinese honey locust knot thorn morning after grafting survival, thorn yield are higher.
Preferably, polybag is covered with the wet cloth for dipping in water, and will be cold in the refrigeration of the sealing described in step (3)
Hiding temperature be maintained at 3 DEG C~6 DEG C, air humidity be maintained at 60%~75%, avoid bud generate go rotten.
Preferably, grafting time described in step (4) be preferably stock completely from skin when so that grafting when, scion
Insertion is more easier, and reduces the damage to stock and scion.
Preferably, the tilt angle on inclined-plane described in step (6) is preferably 30 °, by multiple Grafting Experiment, hair
When existing inclination angle of inclined plane is 30 °, scion and stock are bonded that effect is best, and cion survival rate is higher.
Preferably, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control described in step (7) can with 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution, 50~100 times of liquid in
Early morning is sprayed, more with aphid damage blade since the blade that young sprout is sprouted is very delicate, and omethoate emulsifiable solution is to aphid
The killing effect of worm etc. is significant, can protect the blade newly sprouted well.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. scion of the present invention is derived from Chinese honey locust breeding plant, the acquisition of scion is carried out in conjunction with the harvesting of Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture, so that
Chinese honey locust breeding for scion still can normally harvest Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture, will not impact to the yield of Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture, and scion utilizes
Rate is high；
2. it is carried out disinfection using the mixed liquor of 500~800 times of potassium permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder to scion,
Disinfection Effect is good, and will not cause to damage to scion, at the same to scion seal with wax and condition of storage is improved so that for a long time
The scion of preservation still has high vitality, even if taking to adapt to Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture, and the time of clip scion is more early, can also
Until best grafting time is grafted again；
2. engrafting method provided by the invention is easy to operate, it is simple to manage and protect, survival rate reaches 97% or more (than conventional after grafting
The success rate of Gleditsia officinalis engrafting method improves 35%~45%), it is able to achieve the industrialization of Chinese honey locust graft technology completely；
3. vigorous as the seedling growth after scion grafting using Henan soap 1 or Henan soap 2, current year seedling growth height is reachable
2m~2.5m, branch diameter is up to 1.2cm~2.2cm；Knot thorn is early and thorn is big and more, can tie thorn for the year, pierce thick 0.3cm~
0.8cm, and tie thorn can also increase year by year, increase, thickening, can be that grower bring huge economic well-being of workers and staff, with good
Market prospects.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment.Embodiments of the present invention include but not
It is limited to the following example.
Embodiment 1
A method of Chinese honey locust graft survival rate is improved, is included the following steps:
(1) scion acquisition and preparation: from December to next year 2 months, in Henan universal love Chinese honey locust breeding Demonstration Garden base, in conjunction with soap
Pod thorn harvesting, cuts the scolus on branch；Selection branch is logical directly, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm, sprout is full and diameter exists
The annual healthy and strong common thorn of 0.6cm~1.3cm uses Chinese honey locust, Henan soap 1 and Henan soap 2 branches as scion material, cuts
Taking length is 10cm~15cm, retains 3~4 buds, biology top and bottom straight snips, wherein Henan soap 1 acquisition 2000 connects
50000 fringe, Henan soap 2 acquisitions scion, common thorn use 1000, Chinese honey locust scion；
(2) scion that step (1) obtains graft disinfection: is completely soaked to 500~800 times of permanganic acid matched as 1:1
In potassium and 50% carbendazol wettable powder mixed liquor, soaking time 30min is pulled out and is dried；
(3) scion sealing with wax and saving: the scion both ends after disinfection in step (2) all being carried out processing of sealing with wax, paraffin is molten
Liquid temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C~90 DEG C, and hand pinches one end of scion, and the other end of scion is dipped in rapidly in paraffin solution, then
The other end is changed also to dip in rapidly, then, be placed on it is cooling on one side, and when cooling down should scion spread placements out, to carry out sufficiently
It is cooling；After scion of sealing with wax cools down completely, it is bundled into a bundle by 50~100 scion, then be by 10~20 bundles of scion tied
One is assembled into the transparent plastic bag of air hole, tightens sack, is stored on freezer supporter, and with the wet cloth lid for dipping in water
It is good, and refrigerated storage temperature be maintained at 3 DEG C~6 DEG C, air humidity be maintained at 60%~75%；
(4) grafting period: early April Chinese honey locust stock just from skin, start rudiment when, sought in the township Yuan Dian, county, Henan Fangcheng four
Graft No. 1 1000 plants of Henan soap, No. 2 18500 plants, 500 plants of common Chinese honey locust of Henan soap in village, hills hillock, the southeast；Mid or late April, in Henan
Graft No. 1 1000 plants of Henan soap, No. 2 27610 plants of Henan soap, common Chinese honey locust 500 in Xinzheng City, Zheng new forest building new and high technology test site, Henan
Strain；3cm~the 4cm in the first tenday period of a month in May, mahjong current year transplanting grafts No. 2 3890 plants of Henan soap on the Chinese honey locust stock of lamina；Henan soap 2
The Chinese honey locust breeding that development number is widelyd popularize as current production, has been widely applied in production, so grafting quantity is larger, and Henan
Soap 1 and common Chinese honey locust are as verification experimental verification grafting negligible amounts of the invention.
(5) stock is managed and protected: using 2~triennial Chinese honey locust seedling as stock, stock should be watered with water 1~2 time before grafting, to cut
When cutting stock, clip has sap outflow, bark to be easily stripped as optimum state；
(6) engrafting method: using modified form cortex grafting, i.e., first in stock 10~5cm, smooth position straight snips from the ground,
It recycles grafting knife to tilt about 30 ° in the side of straight snips mouth and cuts a slightly smaller inclined-plane, this inclined-plane is only in the side of straight snips mouth, for increasing
Add the compactness of stock and scion, improves cion survival rate；Then using grafting point of a knife since inclined-plane center start vertically down
Standardized length about 2cm, depth reach cambial vertical osculum；By the lower end that step (3) obtains scion be whittled into length about 2.0cm~
3.0cm half U-shaped, xylem prune 1/2~2/3, and specific size need to be adapted with the scarf of straight snips mouth, so that the two is grafted
When can fit closely, increase the survival rate of scion；The osculum scratched with the scion cut along stock skin zone is inserted into stock cortex
Gap in, the plastic strip for being finally 1cm~1.5cm with shear in advance, width is by the two junction together with stock straight snips face one
And bondage, encircling, prevent graft union it is ventilative, water inlet；
(7) it managing after grafting: needs to fill primary permeable after grafting at once, is often observed after grafting, remove sprout tillers in time；It transfers
It being connected into after living, the blade that young sprout is sprouted is very delicate, and it is more with aphid damage blade, timely prevention and treatment is often observed, when serious
It can be sprayed with 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution, 50~100 times of liquid in early morning, effect is preferable.
Experimental Comparison example
It is pierced using conventional Chinese honey locust engrafting method and is grafted with Chinese honey locust, specific steps are as follows:
(1) the common thorn for selecting annual stalwartness uses Chinese honey locust to take maternal plant as scion, in the time properly grafted, selection
The branch that branch is logical straight, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm, sprout are full, intercepts that long 10cm~15cm, there are the branches of 3~4 buds
Item cuts a bevel as scion, by scion lower end, when cutting, first by knife it is crosscutting enter xylem about 1/2 at, then forward tiltedly
It cuts to bottom end, prepares 1000, scion using the method；
(2) late March is to early April, respectively in the Fangcheng County township the Yuan Dian village Si Liying southeast hills hillock and Xinzheng City river
Nanzheng new forest building new and high technology test site is chosen 2~triennial Chinese honey locust seedling as stock, is needed first with grafting knife in stock
The progress of the position to be grafted is truncate to obtain a plane section, recycles grafting knife to cut smooth to plane section, is existed using point of a knife
Partial application is erected on the stock cut, and is pried open cortex, then the scion handled well is inserted into, is made the section of scion against stock, finally
Scion and stock junction are bandaged together together with stock straight snips face using plastic film.
When being grafted using the method, scion cannot store for a long time, need to be grafted in time, therefore, it is impossible in Chinese honey locust
Clip scion when adopting thorn can only cause grafting time nervous, grafting will certainly shadow too late too early in the time clip for being suitble to grafting
Ring graft survival rate.
The experimental results are shown inthe following table with embodiment 1 for comparative example:
Chinese honey locust survives situation after grafting
Knot thorn situation is as shown in the table after 1 three kinds of embodiment thorns are grafted with Chinese honey locust:
Knot thorn situation after embodiment 1 is grafted
Can be seen that Henan soap 1 and Henan soap 2 knots thorn from knot thorn situation table after the grafting of embodiment 1 has certain yield
Time obviously uses Chinese honey locust earlier than common thorn, and thorn is thicker, and thorn yield is higher, can bring higher economic benefit for grower；
And survive situation table from Chinese honey locust after grafting and can be seen that the common thorn in engrafting method of the present invention and with Chinese honey locust scion survive 976 plants,
Soap No. 1 scion in Henan survives 1950 plants, and soap No. 2 scion in Henan survive 48949 plants, and average survival is up to 97.8%.And it uses conventional
The common thorn of method grafting survives 291 plants with Chinese honey locust, and survival rate only has 58.2%.Two compare, and engrafting method of the invention is transferred
It is connected into the more conventional engrafting method of motility rate and improves 39.5%, accelerate prevalent variety cultivation speed, reduce Chinese honey locust breeding seedling cost,
The predicament that nursery stock lacks in Chinese honey locust improved variety popularization is released, is laid a good foundation for Chinese honey locust improved variety popularization and Chinese honey locust industry development.
Engrafting method of the present invention be not only limited to thorn grafted with Chinese honey locust, can also be applied to other kinds of Chinese honey locust and
Forest grafting.
It is as described above the embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, anyone should learn that
The structure change made under the inspiration of the present invention, the technical schemes that are same or similar to the present invention each fall within this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate, which comprises the steps of:
(1) scion acquisition and preparation: from December to next year 2 months, when harvesting Fructus Gleditsia acupuncture, branch is taken, and cut on branch
Scolus；Selection branch is logical directly, have no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm, sprout is full and diameter is in the annual strong of 0.6cm~1.3cm
For vigorous branches item as scion material, clip length is 10cm~15cm, retains 3~4 buds, biology top and bottom straight snips, institute
Chinese honey locust breeding where the scion stated is Henan soap 1 or Henan soap 2；
(2) scion described in step (1) graft disinfection: is completely soaked to 500~800 times of permanganic acid matched by 1:1
In potassium and 50% carbendazol wettable powder mixed liquor, 25 min of soaking time~35min are pulled out and are dried；
(3) scion sealing with wax and saving: the scion both ends after disinfection described in step (2) all being carried out processing of sealing with wax, paraffin is molten
Liquid temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C~90 DEG C；After scion of sealing with wax cools down completely, it is close to be incorporated with progress in the transparent plastic bag of air hole
Envelope refrigeration, the sealing described in step (3) are covered polybag with the wet cloth for dipping in water, and refrigerated storage temperature is maintained at 3 in refrigerating
DEG C~6 DEG C, air humidity be maintained at 60%~75%；
(4) grafting period: first arrival the first tenday period of a month in May in April；
(5) stock is managed and protected: using 2~3 years Chinese honey locust seedlings as stock, stock should be watered with water, when cutting stock, clip before grafting
There is sap outflow, subject to bark is easily stripped；
(6) engrafting method: using modified form cortex grafting, i.e., first in stock 10 cm~15cm, smooth position straight snips from the ground,
Recycle grafting knife in the side of straight snips mouth to cut an inclined-plane, then since the center on inclined-plane start vertically length about 2cm standardized down,
Depth reaches cambial osculum；It is 2.0 cm~3.0cm half that scion lower end after sealing with wax described in step (3), which is whittled into length,
U-shaped, xylem prune 1/2~2/3, and the osculum scratched with the scion cut along stock skin zone is inserted into the gap of stock cortex
In, and with plastic strip by the two junction together with stock straight snips face together bondage, bind；
(7) managing after grafting: needing to fill primary permeable at once after grafting, needs to remove in time after grafting successfully and sets upper sprout tillers, and prevents and treats
Pest and disease damage；
The tilt angle on inclined-plane described in step (6) is 30 °.
2. a kind of method for improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (4)
Grafting time be preferably stock completely from skin when.
3. a kind of method for improving Chinese honey locust graft survival rate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (7)
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control can be sprayed with 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution, 50~100 times of liquid in early morning.
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| CN110583265A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州叫李结科技发展服务有限责任公司 | Bee sugar plum scion treatment method |
| CN111109287B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-08-27 | 山西省林业和草原科学研究院 | Gleditsia sinensis grafting healing growth substance, preparation method and application |
| CN114679969A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-07-01 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Grafting method of gleditsia sinensis |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850517A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Asexual reproduction method for improved variety of gleditsia sinensis thorn forests |
| CN106258516A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 王炳付 | A kind of method of fruit tree grafting |
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2018
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850517A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Asexual reproduction method for improved variety of gleditsia sinensis thorn forests |
| CN106258516A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 王炳付 | A kind of method of fruit tree grafting |
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| Title |
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| 《皂荚刺用林良种无性繁殖技术研究》;刘智勇，贾好，赵明高，曲献军;《中药材》;20160131;第28-29页 * |
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