CN108106643A - Ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain - Google Patents
Ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain, belong to distributing optical fiber sensing field.The laser module of the present invention exports laser signal as carrier wave, in upper branch, the high-frequency microwave signal of generation is cut to pulse burst by high-frequency impulse root module, and drive electrooptic modulator 1 that pulse burst is loaded on carrier wave, luminous power amplification is carried out to output light by erbium-doped fiber amplifier, enter optical filter 1 by 12 ports of circulator, single order upper side band is filtered out as pump light, enter testing fiber by 23 ports of circulator；In lower branch, the chirp chain waveform of needs is programmed into advance in the memory of chirp chain module, the electricity chirp chain signal driving electrooptic modulator 2 of chirp chain module output, it will be in electricity chirp chain signal loading to carrier wave, output light filters out single order lower sideband by optical filter 2 and is used as detection light, finally, detection light enters testing fiber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain, belong to distribution
Formula sensory field of optic fibre.
Background technology
Sensor is widely used in modern industry and the every field of human lives, and traditional electric sensor is by tested letter
Breath is converted into electrical signal according to certain rule, and the type sensor is easily by electromagnetic interference, and not corrosion-resistant, information capacity is small,
Which has limited its performance and application ranges.And fibre optical sensor, because of its high sensitivity, measuring speed is fast, and information capacity is big, cost
It is low, it is electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, the advantages that suitable for relatively rugged environment, it is with a wide range of applications.
In recent years, the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument based on stimulated Brillouin scattering effect obtains the extensive of domestic and foreign scholars
Research, the analyzer signal-to-noise ratio is high, distributed measurement, and spatial resolution is high, the advantages such as measurement distance length.
Traditional Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument, operating principle mainly use " pumping-detection method ".In general, a branch of high frequency
Rate and high-power pulsed light are as pump light, and in addition the continuous light of a branch of low frequency and weak power is as detection light, two-beam
Ripple injects respectively from the both ends of testing fiber.When two-beam ripple difference on the frequency close to testing fiber Brillouin shift
When (Brillouin frequency shift, BFS), due to the stimulated Brillouin scattering (Stimulated in optical fiber
Brillouin scattering, SBS) effect, luminous power can be transferred to the detection light of low frequency from the pumping pulse light of high frequency.By
In pump light be pulsed light, by detection light frequency sweep be obtained with distributed brillouin gain spectrum (Brillouin gain
Spectrum, BGS), show lorentzian curve for intrinsic BGS.It is then possible to pass through Lorentz curve fitting algorithm
Or gaussian curve approximation algorithm obtains the distributed BFS of optical fiber.The strain of BFS and optical fiber or temperature line relationship, therefore,
Corresponding strain or temperature can be calculated by demodulating BFS.Due to limited frequency of light wave switching time and more sweep
Frequency number, the distributed strain of the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument or the time of measuring of temperature usually require the several seconds to a few minutes,
Sample rate when being measured this greatly limits dynamic.
In order to reduce frequency of light wave switching time, there is a kind of scheme to employ frequency agility technology, it is using high performance
The digital arbitrary waveform generator of electricity (Arbitrary waveform generator, AWG) substitutes traditional microwave source real
The frequency of existing rapid frequency-sweeping detection light.Specific method is the electricity that in the memory of frequency swept waveform head and the tail series connection write-in AWG, will be exported
Signal is frequency agility signal, while electrooptic modulator is driven to be loaded into single frequency carrier light, in minimum work dotted state, forms one
Rank lower sideband finally, filters out single order lower sideband by optical filter and is used as detection light.Each frequency of light wave section corresponds to one
A pumping pulse light, when detection light swept frequency range covering optical fiber BFS, then after the frequency agility signal output in AWG memories
Distributed BGS can be obtained.(Peled Yair,Motil Avi,and Tur Moshe,“Fast Brillouin
optical time domain analysis for dynamic sensing,”Optics.Express,20,8584-
8591,2012.).Although this scheme reduces the time of frequency of light wave switching, but the number of frequency sweep is not reduced, and
And sweep interval is usually 4MHz or so.In order to reduce frequency sweep number, a kind of scheme is to employ slope auxiliary law demodulation
BFS。(Bernini Romeo,Minardo Aldo,and Zeni Luigi,“Dynamic strain measurement in
optical fibers by stimulated Brillouin scattering,”Optics.Letters,34,2613-
2615,2009.).Concrete principle is to see the unilateral slope of BGS as linearity range, if the strain of optical fiber or temperature change,
Entire BGS can move change, i.e. the intensity of Brillouin signal changes with the variation of strain.First, measurement is complete
BGS fits the linear function on unilateral slope；Then, the difference on the frequency of pump light and detection light is fixed on to the slope center of BGS
Position；Finally, by the distributed Brillouin signal of acquisition, corresponding strain can be demodulated by bringing intensity value into linear function
Value.Program single-shot pumping pulse light can be measured, and sample rate is limited only in the length of optical fiber, but its dynamic range is limited
In the line width (35MHz or so) of BGS.In order to expand dynamic range, there is a kind of scheme to combine slope method and frequency agility technology.
(Ba Dexin,Wang Benzhang,Zhou Dengwang,et al,“Distributed measurement of
dynamic strain based on multi-slope assisted fast BOTDA,”Optics.Express,24,
9781-9793,2016.).Using frequency agility technology the sweep interval for detecting light can be caused to reach 80MHz, in numerous Frequency points
In data, two side frequency point datas demodulation BFS of maximum intensity is chosen.Although dynamic range can increase with frequency sweep number
Sample rate when adding and expand, but being measured this reduces dynamic.Another scheme realizes single-shot using optical frequency com technology
Measurement.(Fang Jian,Xu Pengbai,Dong Yongkang,et al,“Single-shot distributed
Brillouin optical time domain analyzer,”Opt.Express,25,15188-15198,2017.).Tool
Body scheme is that continuous detection light is modulated into frequency pectination spectrum line in a frequency domain, since SBS is acted on, the enlarging section of frequency comb
Divide corresponding BGS.Single-shot pumping pulse light is so only needed to be obtained with distributed BGS, sample rate is limited only in optical fiber
Length.But this method needs to do time-domain detection optical signal complicated FFT transform, this can significantly limit the space of system
Resolution ratio.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and then provide a kind of based on optics chirp
The ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument of chain.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain, it is described to be based on optics chirp chain
Ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument include laser module, high-frequency impulse root module, electrooptic modulator 1, mix
Doped fiber amplifier, circulator, optical filter 1, chirp chain module, electrooptic modulator 2, optical filter 2, detection acquisition mould
Block,
Laser module exports laser signal as carrier wave, is transmitted to branch and lower branch,
In upper branch, the high-frequency microwave signal of generation is cut to pulse burst by high-frequency impulse root module, and drives electric light tune
Pulse burst is loaded on carrier wave by device 1 processed, and electrooptic modulator 1 is arranged on minimum operating point, then the output that electrooptic modulator 1 exports
Light includes carrier wave and the upper and lower sideband of single order, carries out luminous power amplification to output light by erbium-doped fiber amplifier, then, passes through
The 1-2 ports of circulator enter optical filter 1, and optical filter 1 filters out single order upper side band as pump light, passes through annular
The 2-3 ports of device enter testing fiber, and pump light is the pulsed light of up-conversion；
In lower branch, it would be desirable to chirp chain waveform be programmed into advance in the memory of chirp chain module, high-frequency impulse root module
Synchronous triggering chirp chain module, the electricity chirp chain signal driving electrooptic modulator 2 of chirp chain module output, electrooptic modulator 2
By in electricity chirp chain signal loading to carrier wave, electrooptic modulator 2 is arranged on minimum operating point, then electrooptic modulator 2 exports
Output light includes carrier wave and the upper and lower sideband of single order, and output light filters out single order lower sideband by optical filter 2 and is used as detection light,
Finally, detection light enters testing fiber, and detection light enters detection acquisition module by the 3-4 ports of circulator and handled, visited
It surveys light and detects light for chirp chain.
A kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain of the present invention, the high-frequency microwave
The frequency of signal is νmw, pulse burst width Tp。
A kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain of the present invention, the pump light
Frequency is νp=ν0+νmw。
A kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain of the present invention, adjusts frequency ginseng
Number so that SBS effects occur in a fiber for pulsed light and chirp chain the detection light of up-conversion.
A kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain of the present invention, the laser die
Block is narrow linewidth laser, and Output of laser wavelength is in 1550nm.
A kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain of the present invention can realize distribution
Formula strains and the ultrafast measurement of temperature, it is only necessary to which single-shot pumping pulse light can measure the distributed BGS of testing fiber, adopt
Sample frequency is only related with testing fiber length, signal averaging number；Pump light is the pulsed light of up-conversion, significantly reduces Zhou
The bandwidth requirement for chain module of singing, advantageously reduces cost；It is configured using intelligentized spatial resolution, due to the time of chirp section
Length corresponds to the spatial resolution of the present invention,, can be by prelisting according to different measuring environment and condition in practical operation
The length of each chirp section is write to realize the intelligent allocation of spatial resolution；Intelligentized dynamic range configuration, according to reality
Measurement demand realizes tunable dynamic range by writing the chirp value of each chirp section in advance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument the present invention is based on optics chirp chain
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the pumping pulse light of the ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument the present invention is based on optics chirp chain
With the frequency domain relation schematic diagram of chirp chain detection light.
Fig. 3 is the pumping pulse light of the ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument the present invention is based on optics chirp chain
With the temporal relationship schematic diagram of chirp chain detection light.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail：The present embodiment using technical solution of the present invention as
Under the premise of implemented, give detailed embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment one：As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of ultrafast distributed cloth of involved by the present embodiment based on optics chirp chain
Deep optical time domain analyzer, including laser module, high-frequency impulse root module, electrooptic modulator 1, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, ring
Shape device, optical filter 1, chirp chain module, electrooptic modulator 2, optical filter 2, detection acquisition module,
Laser module exports laser signal as carrier wave, is transmitted to branch and lower branch,
In upper branch, the high-frequency microwave signal of generation is cut to pulse burst by high-frequency impulse root module, and drives electric light tune
Pulse burst is loaded on carrier wave by device 1 processed, and electrooptic modulator 1 is arranged on minimum operating point, then the output that electrooptic modulator 1 exports
Light includes carrier wave and the upper and lower sideband of single order, carries out luminous power amplification to output light by erbium-doped fiber amplifier, then, passes through
The 1-2 ports of circulator enter optical filter 1, and optical filter 1 filters out single order upper side band as pump light, passes through annular
The 2-3 ports of device enter testing fiber, and pump light is the pulsed light of up-conversion；
In lower branch, it would be desirable to chirp chain waveform be programmed into advance in the memory of chirp chain module, high-frequency impulse root module
Synchronous triggering chirp chain module, the electricity chirp chain signal driving electrooptic modulator 2 of chirp chain module output, electrooptic modulator 2
By in electricity chirp chain signal loading to carrier wave, electrooptic modulator 2 is arranged on minimum operating point, then electrooptic modulator 2 exports
Output light includes carrier wave and the upper and lower sideband of single order, and output light filters out single order lower sideband by optical filter 2 and is used as detection light,
Finally, detection light enters testing fiber, and detection light enters detection acquisition module by the 3-4 ports of circulator and handled, visited
It surveys light and detects light for chirp chain.
Embodiment two：As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of ultrafast distributed cloth of involved by the present embodiment based on optics chirp chain
Deep optical time domain analyzer, the frequency of the high-frequency microwave signal is νmw, pulse burst width Tp。
Embodiment three：As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of ultrafast distributed cloth of involved by the present embodiment based on optics chirp chain
Deep optical time domain analyzer, the frequency of the pump light is νp=ν0+νmw。
Example IV：As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of ultrafast distributed cloth of involved by the present embodiment based on optics chirp chain
Deep optical time domain analyzer adjusts frequency parameter so that SBS occurs in a fiber for pulsed light and chirp chain the detection light of up-conversion
Effect.
Embodiment five：As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of ultrafast distributed cloth of involved by the present embodiment based on optics chirp chain
Deep optical time domain analyzer, the laser module are narrow linewidth laser, and Output of laser wavelength is in 1550nm.
Embodiment six：As shown in Fig. 2, in a kind of ultrafast distributed cloth of involved by the present embodiment based on optics chirp chain
Deep optical time domain analyzer illustrates the frequency domain relation of pumping pulse light and chirp chain detection light, each optics chirp section
Frequency distribution be νi=ν1+η·ti, wherein, i=1,2,3 ... .N be frequency point sequence, η=Δ νchirp/ Δ T, chirp section
Time is Δ T, and total chirped frequency amount is Δ νchirp, the frequency spectrum ideal situation for detecting light is frequency pectination.In practical operation, treat
The BFS for surveying optical fiber is usually 11GHz or so, and pumping pulse light is fixed up frequency conversion 8GHz or so, so can be by chirp chain
The bandwidth requirement of module is reduced to 3GHz or so.By adjusting chirp range, pumping pulse light and chirp the chain detection of up-conversion
Swept frequency range ν between lightchirp+νmwThe BFS of optical fiber can be covered.
Embodiment seven：As shown in figure 3, in a kind of ultrafast distributed cloth of involved by the present embodiment based on optics chirp chain
Deep optical time domain analyzer, optics chirp chain are in series in the time domain by M chirp section, and frequency distribution is zig-zag
Or triangular waveform, more complicated frequency distribution can also be generated.The time span of optics chirp chain is M Δ T, slightly larger than light
Ripple testing fiber two-way time 2nL/c, wherein n be testing fiber core refractive index, L is fiber lengths, and c is vacuum
The middle light velocity.Two-beam ripple is opposite to inject testing fiber, and pumping pulse light occurs SBS with each chirp section in detection light successively and makees
With in the detection light of output, each chirp section can collect a complete BGS, so only need single-shot pumping pulse light
The distributed BGS of optical fiber can be measured.Therefore, dynamic measure when, sample frequency of the invention only and testing fiber length,
Signal averaging number is related, and can keep higher spatial resolution.
Embodiment eight：Present embodiment is with embodiment one the difference is that being substituted with microwave source and impulse generator
High-frequency impulse root module.Microwave source driving electrooptic modulator generates single order lower sideband and carries out shift frequency, impulse generator to carrier frequency
Electrooptic modulator is driven to generate pulsed light, the two combines the up-conversion pulsed light that can equally generate more than 8GHz
Embodiment nine：Present embodiment is with embodiment one the difference is that substituting chirp with arbitrary waveform generator
Chain module.
Embodiment ten：Present embodiment is with embodiment one the difference is that substituting high frequency with normal pulsed generator
Pulse root module is produced without the pulsed light of frequency conversion as pump light；The high-performance random waveform of 11GHz is up to bandwidth simultaneously
Generator substitutes chirp chain module, generates chirp chain detection light
Embodiment 11：Present embodiment is with embodiment one the difference is that upper and lower two branches are respectively swashed with one
Light device module.Pump light needs the frequency for increasing frequency locking device two laser modules of holding steady there is no need to high frequency shift frequency
It is fixed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, these specific embodiments are all based on the present invention
Different realization methods under general idea, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is any to be familiar with the art
Technical staff in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in, should all cover the present invention
Within protection domain.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection domain of claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain, which is characterized in that described to be based on
The ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument of optics chirp chain includes laser module, high-frequency impulse root module, electric light
Modulator 1, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator, optical filter 1, chirp chain module, electrooptic modulator 2, optical filter 2
With detection acquisition module；
Laser module exports laser signal as carrier wave, is transmitted to branch and lower branch,
In upper branch, the high-frequency microwave signal of generation is cut to pulse burst by high-frequency impulse root module, and drives electrooptic modulator 1
Pulse burst is loaded on carrier wave, electrooptic modulator 1 is arranged on minimum operating point, then the output light bag that electrooptic modulator 1 exports
Containing carrier wave and the upper and lower sideband of single order, luminous power amplification is carried out to output light by erbium-doped fiber amplifier, then, passes through annular
The 1-2 ports of device enter optical filter 1, and optical filter 1 filters out single order upper side band as pump light, passes through circulator
2-3 ports enter testing fiber, and pump light is the pulsed light of up-conversion；
In lower branch, it would be desirable to chirp chain waveform be programmed into advance in the memory of chirp chain module, high-frequency impulse root module is synchronous
Chirp chain module is triggered, the electricity chirp chain signal driving electrooptic modulator 2 of chirp chain module output, electrooptic modulator 2 is by electricity
Chirp chain signal loading is learned to carrier wave, electrooptic modulator 2 is arranged on minimum operating point, then the output that electrooptic modulator 2 exports
Light includes carrier wave and the upper and lower sideband of single order, and output light filters out single order lower sideband by optical filter 2 and is used as detection light, finally,
Detection light enters testing fiber, and detection light enters detection acquisition module by the 3-4 ports of circulator and handled, and detection light is
Chirp chain detects light.
2. the ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument according to claim 1 based on optics chirp chain, special
Sign is that the frequency of the high-frequency microwave signal is νmw, pulse burst width Tp。
3. the ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument according to claim 1 or 2 based on optics chirp chain,
It is characterized in that, the frequency of the pump light is νp=ν0+νmw。
4. the ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument based on optics chirp chain according to claim 1-3,
It is characterized in that, adjusts frequency parameter so that SBS effects occur in a fiber for pulsed light and chirp chain the detection light of up-conversion.
5. the ultrafast distributed Brillouin Optical time-domain analysis instrument according to claim 1 based on optics chirp chain, special
Sign is that the laser module is narrow linewidth laser, and Output of laser wavelength is in 1550nm.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN108917804A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-11-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Quick long-distance distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment based on chirp chain |
| CN108981768A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Single-ended fast distributed Brillouin Optical domain reflectometer based on optics chirp chain |
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| CN111998968A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-27 | 鞍山睿科光电技术有限公司 | Wide temperature range demodulation device and method based on low-frequency agility and sliding window |
| CN113890605A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Stimulated Brillouin scattering microwave frequency measuring device and method based on optical chirp chain |
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| CN108981768A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Single-ended fast distributed Brillouin Optical domain reflectometer based on optics chirp chain |
| CN111412935A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-07-14 | 电子科技大学 | High-repetition-rate quasi-distributed sensing system based on time division multiplexing |
| CN111412935B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-08-10 | 电子科技大学 | High-repetition-rate quasi-distributed sensing system based on time division multiplexing |
| CN111879344A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-03 | 董永康 | Fast Brillouin optical time domain analyzer and method based on frequency agility and CS technology |
| CN111998968A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-27 | 鞍山睿科光电技术有限公司 | Wide temperature range demodulation device and method based on low-frequency agility and sliding window |
| CN111998968B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-07-22 | 鞍山睿科光电技术有限公司 | Wide temperature range demodulation device and method based on low-frequency agility and sliding window |
| CN113890605A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Stimulated Brillouin scattering microwave frequency measuring device and method based on optical chirp chain |
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