CN104677396A - Dynamic distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing device and method - Google Patents
Dynamic distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing device and method. The dynamic distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing device comprises a narrow linewidth laser, a polarization-maintaining coupler, a coupler, a first electro-optic intensity modulator, a pulse signal generator, a frequency shifter, an optical amplifier, a polarization scrambler, an optical circulator, a polarization controller, a second electro-optic intensity modulator, a microwave signal source, a sensing optical fiber, a 3dB coupler, a balanced photoelectric detector and a data acquisition and processing module. Two technologies including a Brillouin gain spectrum dual-slope frequency point assisted method and a coherent detection technology are adopted at the same time. The coherent detection technology can increase the signal-noise ratio of a system, improve the measurement precision and increases the sensing distance; the Brillouin gain spectrum dual-slope frequency point assisted method solves a problem of influence of optical power fluctuation of a pumping pulse on the measurement precision in a conventional Brillouin gain spectrum slope frequency point assisted method. Therefore, the dynamic distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing device and method can realize dynamic event measurement with relatively high measurement precision while guaranteeing that the Brillouin optical fiber sensing system has relatively long sensing distance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, be specifically related to a kind of dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment and method.
Background technology
Optical fiber Brillouin optical time-domain analysis technology (BOTDA) is a kind of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques based on stimulated Brillouin scattering effect, by a branch of pump light (pulsed light) and a branch of detection light (continuous light) are distinguished injection fibre two ends, when the difference on the frequency of two-beam is in brillouin gain scope, due to stimulated Brillouin effect generation energy trasfer between two-beam; To detection light pointwise frequency sweep, brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) distribution that sensor fibre is along the line can be drawn, the distribution of Brillouin shift (BFS) along sensor fibre can be obtained thus, utilize frequency shift amount and temperature/strain proportional and optical time domain reflection technology, the distributed measurement of temperature and strain can be realized.
It is comparatively strong that BOTDA technology has detectable signal, and the feature that distance sensing is long, measuring accuracy is high, has a wide range of applications in Large Infrastructure Projects monitoring structural health conditions.But because its measuring process often needs the brillouin gain spectrum scanning hundreds of megahertz to obtain Brillouin shift, Measuring Time is longer, therefore can not be applied to the measurement of dynamic event as dynamic strain, vibration etc.The existing BOTDA technology that can be used for Dynamic Signal and measure at present, frequency comb is had to exempt from frequency sweep method, modulation detection light frequency method or variable ratio frequency changer visit photometry and brillouin gain Slope Method, in these methods, brillouin gain Slope Method is the simplest and the impact of performance is better, additive method needs complicated frequency modulation (PFM) and data processing, but the brillouin gain Slope Method problem that also existence one is serious except measurement range is limited, the measuring accuracy of system is seriously by the impact of pumping light power fluctuation.
Summary of the invention
To be solved by this invention is the problem that in brillouin gain Slope Method BOTDA dynamic sensitive technology, measuring accuracy is seriously subject to pumping light power influence of fluctuations, provide a kind of dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment based on coherent detection and BGS diclinic rate frequency householder method and method, can, while guarantee Brillouin light fiber sensor system has longer distance sensing, can also realize measuring compared with the dynamic event of high measurement accuracy.
For solving the problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment, comprises narrow linewidth laser, polarization-maintaining coupler, coupling mechanism, the first electro-optic intensity modulator, pulse signal generator, frequency shifter, image intensifer, scrambler, optical circulator, Polarization Controller, the second photoelectricity intensity modulator, microwave signal source, sensor fibre, three-dB coupler, balance photodetector and digital sampling and processing.The output terminal of narrow linewidth laser connects the input end of polarization-maintaining coupler, and the two-way output terminal of polarization-maintaining coupler connects the input end of the first electro-optic intensity modulator and the input end of coupling mechanism respectively.Pulse signal generator directly connects the radio frequency interface of the first electro-optic intensity modulator, and the output terminal of the first electro-optic intensity modulator connects the input end of image intensifer; The output terminal of image intensifer connects the input end of scrambler; The output terminal of scrambler is connected with the A port of optical circulator.The two-way output terminal of coupling mechanism connects the input end of frequency shifter and an input end of three-dB coupler respectively; The output terminal of frequency shifter connects the input end of Polarization Controller, and the output terminal of Polarization Controller connects the input end of the second photoelectricity intensity modulator, and microwave signal source directly connects the radio frequency interface of the second electro-optic intensity modulator; The output terminal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator connects one end of sensor fibre; The other end of sensor fibre connects the B port of optical circulator; Another input end of three-dB coupler connects the C port of optical circulator.The output terminal of three-dB coupler is connected with digital sampling and processing through balance photodetector.
In such scheme, the pumping pulse optical width of the output of the first electro-optic intensity modulator is 10ns-50ns.
In such scheme, the shift frequency amount f of frequency shifter
0=Δ v
b/ 2, wherein Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral.
In such scheme, the frequency of the microwave telecommunication number that microwave signal source exports
equal sensor fibre not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain.
In such scheme, described sensor fibre is general single mode fiber.
In such scheme, the detective bandwidth of described balance photodetector is 12GHz.
A kind of dynamic distributed Brillouin fiber optic method for sensing, comprises the steps:
It is f that narrow linewidth laser sends frequency
0continuous light be divided into two-way continuous light by polarization-maintaining coupler, i.e. first via continuous light and the second road continuous light; Wherein
First via continuous light is modulated into pumping pulse light by the first electro-optic intensity modulator, and the frequency of pumping pulse light is f
0the pulse width size of the pumping pulse light of the first electro-optic intensity modulator modulation is controlled by pulse signal generator, the pumping pulse light modulated is amplified to after prospective peak value power through image intensifer and exports scrambler to, the pumping pulse light that scrambler exports enters optical circulator by the A port of optical circulator, and outputs to one end of sensor fibre by the B port of optical circulator;
Second road continuous light is divided into two-way continuous light through coupling mechanism, namely detects light and local oscillator light, and the frequency now detecting light and local oscillator light is all f
0; Detection light carries out shift frequency f through frequency shifter
mafter export the input end of Polarization Controller to, the second electro-optic intensity modulator being operated in and suppressing carrier-frequency mode is outputted to after carrying out polarization state control by Polarization Controller, second electro-optic intensity modulator is modulated into upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light, and the upper side band detection light that the second electro-optic intensity modulator exports and lower sideband detection light all inject the other end of sensor fibre;
The upper side band that the pumping pulse light of the B port output of optical circulator and the second electro-optic intensity modulator inject detects light and lower sideband detects light when sensor fibre meets, and produces stimulated Brillouin scattering and interacts; The local oscillator light exported with coupling mechanism through excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light that sensor fibre exports, after three-dB coupler is coupled, then carries out coherent detection by balancing photodetector; The medium frequency electric signal that balance photodetector exports carries out acquisition and processing by digital sampling and processing, obtain the upper side band detection light after excited Brillouin interacts and lower sideband detection light respectively along the power distribution of sensor fibre and their ratio, the power ratio of light along sensor fibre and the relation R (t of residing sensor fibre position Brillouin shift is detected again according to obtained upper side band detection light and lower sideband, z, δ v
b) the Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v of present position can be obtained
b(t, z), finally according to Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v
b(t, z) realizes dynamic distributed strain sensing with the linear relationship of strain.
Said method, also comprises further, obtains sensor fibre in advance not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain by the frequency sweeping method of traditional B OTDA
step.
In said method, the frequency v of the upper side band detection light that the second electro-optic intensity modulator exports
+for:
The frequency v of the lower sideband detection light that the second electro-optic intensity modulator exports
-for:
In formula, f
0be the frequency of the pumping pulse light that the first electro-optic intensity modulator modulates,
export to the modulating frequency of the microwave signal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator for microwave signal source, its numerical value equals sensor fibre not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain, Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral.
In said method, the power distribution along sensor fibre and relation R (t, z, the δ v of the Brillouin shift variable quantity of residing sensor fibre position through excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light
b) be:
In formula, P
on(t, z) distributes through the power of excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light along sensor fibre, P
under(t, z) distributes through the power of excited Brillouin interactional lower sideband detection light along sensor fibre, and z is the position of residing sensor fibre, and G (v) represents normalized brillouin gain, v
+for the frequency of upper side band detection light, v
-for the frequency of lower sideband detection light; f
0be the frequency of the pumping pulse light that the first electro-optic intensity modulator modulates, Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral,
the modulating frequency of the microwave signal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator is exported to, δ v for microwave signal source
b(t, z) is the Brillouin shift variable quantity of residing sensor fibre position.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is based on dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment and the method for coherent detection and BGS diclinic rate frequency householder method, it have employed brillouin gain spectrum diclinic rate frequency auxiliary law and coherent detection two kinds of technology simultaneously.Coherent detection technology can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of system, measuring accuracy and increase distance sensing; Brillouin gain spectrum diclinic rate frequency auxiliary law overcomes the problem that in traditional brillouin gain slope frequency auxiliary law, pumping pulse optical power fluctuation affects measuring accuracy.Therefore the present invention can, while guarantee Brillouin light fiber sensor system has longer distance sensing, can also realize measuring compared with the dynamic event of high measurement accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment.
Fig. 2 is the frequency relation of pumping pulse light, detection light and local oscillator light.
Fig. 3 is the intermediate-freuqncy signal schematic diagram that brillouin gain spectrum diclinic rate frequency auxiliary law exports.
The intermediate-freuqncy signal schematic diagram of Fig. 4 for exporting after institute's probing light-metering coherent detection.
Embodiment
A kind of dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises narrow linewidth laser 01, polarization-maintaining coupler 02, coupling mechanism 03, first electro-optic intensity modulator 04, pulse signal generator 05, frequency shifter 06, image intensifer 07, scrambler 08, optical circulator 09, Polarization Controller 10, second photoelectricity intensity modulator 11, microwave signal source 12, sensor fibre 13, three-dB coupler 14, balance photodetector 15 and digital sampling and processing 16.
The output terminal of narrow linewidth laser 01 connects the input end of polarization-maintaining coupler 02, and the two-way output terminal of polarization-maintaining coupler 02 connects the input end of the first electro-optic intensity modulator 04 and the input end of coupling mechanism 03 respectively;
Pulse signal generator 05 directly connects the radio frequency interface of the first electro-optic intensity modulator 04, the light path of the first electro-optic intensity modulator 04 exports as pumping pulse light, the width of pumping pulse light is controlled by pulse signal generator 05, and the output terminal of the first electro-optic intensity modulator 04 connects the input end of image intensifer 07; The output terminal of image intensifer 07 connects the input end of scrambler 08; The output terminal of scrambler 08 is connected with the A port of optical circulator 09;
The two-way output terminal of coupling mechanism 03 connects an input end of three-dB coupler 14 and the input end of frequency shifter 06 respectively, the road light be wherein connected with three-dB coupler 14 1 input ends as local oscillator light, with another road light of the input end of frequency shifter 06 as detecting light; The output terminal of frequency shifter 06 connects the input end of Polarization Controller 10, and the output terminal of Polarization Controller 10 connects the second photoelectricity intensity modulator 11, and microwave signal source 12 directly connects the radio frequency interface of the second electro-optic intensity modulator 11; The output terminal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator 11 connects one end of sensor fibre 13; The other end of sensor fibre 13 connects the B port of optical circulator 09; Another input end of three-dB coupler 14 connects the C port of optical circulator 09;
In sensor fibre 13, detection light and pumping pulse light interact because of stimulated Brillouin scattering; The B port of optical circulator 09 is entered through interactional detection light, and export three-dB coupler 14 to from the C port of optical circulator 09, the output terminal of three-dB coupler 14 is connected with digital sampling and processing 16 after balance photodetector 15 carries out coherent detection, and digital sampling and processing 16 obtains 2 intermediate-freuqncy signals after double-side band detection light and local oscillator optical coherent detection simultaneously.
In the present invention, the pumping pulse optical width of the output of described first electro-optic intensity modulator 04 is 10ns-50ns, and the pumping pulse optical width exported in the present embodiment is 30ns.Described pulse signal generator 05 adopts that Agilent company produces, model to be 8110A pulse signal generator, and pulse signal generator output pulse width is the electric impulse signal of 30ns, and this can allow sensing device realize the spatial resolution of 3m.The shift frequency amount f of described frequency shifter 06
mfor 20-80MHz, as preferably, the present embodiment adopts the acousto-optic modulator of frequency upper shift 30MHz as frequency shifter.Described image intensifer 07 is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), and the phase peak power of pumping pulse light is amplified to about 23dBm.The frequency of microwave telecommunication that described microwave signal source 12 exports number
equal sensor fibre not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain.Described sensor fibre 13 is general single mode fiber.The detective bandwidth of described balance photodetector 15 is 12GHz.Described digital sampling and processing 16 is operated in external trigger pattern and can obtains two intermediate-freuqncy signals after upper and lower sideband detection light and local oscillator optical coherent detection simultaneously, and trigger pip is provided by pulse signal generator 05.
The dynamic distributed Brillouin fiber optic method for sensing designed based on above-mentioned dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment, comprises the following steps:
It is f that described narrow linewidth laser 01 sends frequency
0continuous light be divided into two-way continuous light by polarization-maintaining coupler 02, i.e. first via continuous light and the second road continuous light; Wherein
First via continuous light is modulated into pumping pulse light by the first electro-optic intensity modulator 04, and the frequency of pumping pulse light is f
0the pulse width size of the pumping pulse light that the first electro-optic intensity modulator 04 is modulated is controlled by pulse signal generator 05, as preferably, pumping pulse optical width is 10ns-50ns, the pumping pulse light modulated is amplified to through image intensifer 07 input end exporting scrambler 08 after prospective peak value power to, and the pumping pulse light exported from scrambler 08 output terminal enters optical circulator 09 by the A port of optical circulator 09 and exported to one end of sensor fibre by the B port of optical circulator 09;
Second road continuous light is divided into two-way continuous light through coupling mechanism 03, namely detects light and local oscillator light, and the frequency now detecting light and local oscillator light is all f
0; Detection light carries out shift frequency f through frequency shifter 06
mafter export the input end of Polarization Controller 10 to, output to after carrying out polarization state control by Polarization Controller 10 to be operated in and suppress the second electro-optic intensity modulator 11, second electro-optic intensity modulator 11 of carrier-frequency mode to be modulated into frequency to be respectively
with
upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light, wherein
export to the modulating frequency of the microwave signal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator 11 for microwave signal source 12, equal sensor fibre 13 not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain, Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral; The upper side band detection light that second electro-optic intensity modulator 11 exports and lower sideband detection light all inject the other end of sensor fibre 13;
The upper side band that the pumping pulse light of the B port output of optical circulator 09 and the second electro-optic intensity modulator 11 inject detects light and lower sideband detects light when sensor fibre 13 meets, detection light and described pumping pulse light produce stimulated Brillouin scattering and interact when sensor fibre meets, sensor fibre 13 exports and after three-dB coupler 14 is coupled, carries out coherent detection with described local oscillator light through excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light by balancing photodetector 15, the medium frequency electric signal that balance photodetector 15 exports carries out acquisition and processing by digital sampling and processing 16, obtain through excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light along the power distribution of sensor fibre 13 and their ratio thereof, the Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v of present position can be obtained again along the power ratio of sensor fibre 13 and the relation of residing fiber position Brillouin shift according to described upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light
b(t, z), finally according to Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v
b(t, z) realizes dynamic distributed strain sensing with the linear relationship of strain.
In said method, need to obtain sensor fibre 13 in advance not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain by the frequency sweeping method of traditional B OTDA
.The microwave signal modulating frequency that described microwave signal source 12 exports equals sensor fibre 13 not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain
.Described pumping pulse optical width is 10ns-50ns, and the pumping pulse optical width exported in the present embodiment is 30ns.The shift frequency amount of described frequency shifter 06 is f
0=Δ v
b/ 2, wherein Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral, Δ v in the present embodiment
bfor 60MHz, described frequency shifter 06 is the acousto-optic modulator of frequency upper shift 30MHz.Described upper side band detection light and the difference on the frequency between lower sideband detection light and pumping pulse light are steady state value, are respectively
with
therefore the frequency balancing the medium frequency electric signal exported after photodetector 15 carries out coherent detection is respectively
with
the time-domain power curve of these two intermediate-freuqncy signals just that digital sampling and processing 16 extracts.Described upper side band detection light after excited Brillouin interacts and lower sideband detection light are respectively along the power of sensor fibre:
P
on(t, z)=K × P (z) × G ([v
+-f
0-v
b(t, z)]/Δ v
b)
P
under(t, z)=K × P (z) × G ([v
--f
0-v
b(t, z)]/Δ v
b)
Wherein, z is residing sensor fibre position, and K is constant, and P (z) is pumping pulse luminous power, and G (v) represents normalization brillouin gain, Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral,
for sensor fibre is by the Brillouin shift variable quantity produced during dynamic strain, v
+and v
-be respectively upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light frequency, and have:
Described through excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light along the power ratio of sensor fibre and residing fiber position Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v
bthe pass of (t, z) is:
Obviously described upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light are Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v along the power ratio of sensor fibre
bthe function of (t, z) and position z and time t, has nothing to do with pumping pulse power, therefore greatly can reduce the impact of pumping pulse optical power fluctuation on measuring accuracy.
Fig. 2 is the frequency relation of pumping pulse light, detection light and local oscillator light.Fig. 3 is intermediate-freuqncy signal and the brillouin gain spectrum frequency distribution schematic diagram of the output of brillouin gain spectrum diclinic rate frequency auxiliary law.The IF signal frequency schematic diagram of Fig. 4 for exporting after institute's probing light-metering coherent detection.
Above-described embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention, but it is not for limiting the present invention, and the developer of this area can carry out various change and modification to embodiments of the invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. dynamic distributed Brillouin fiber optic method for sensing, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
It is f that narrow linewidth laser (01) sends frequency
0continuous light be divided into two-way continuous light by polarization-maintaining coupler (02), i.e. first via continuous light and the second road continuous light; Wherein
First via continuous light is modulated into pumping pulse light by the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04), and the frequency of pumping pulse light is f
0the pulse width size of the pumping pulse light that the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04) is modulated is controlled by pulse signal generator (05), the pumping pulse light modulated exports scrambler (08) to after image intensifer (07) is amplified to prospective peak value power, the pumping pulse light that scrambler (08) exports enters optical circulator (09) by the A port of optical circulator (09), and outputs to one end of sensor fibre (13) by the B port of optical circulator (09);
Second road continuous light is divided into two-way continuous light through coupling mechanism (03), namely detects light and local oscillator light, and the frequency now detecting light and local oscillator light is all f
0; Detection light carries out shift frequency f through frequency shifter (06)
mafter export the input end of Polarization Controller (10) to, the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) being operated in and suppressing carrier-frequency mode is outputted to after carrying out polarization state control by Polarization Controller (10), second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) is modulated into upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light, and the upper side band detection light that the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) exports and lower sideband detection light all inject the other end of sensor fibre (13);
The upper side band that the pumping pulse light of the B port output of optical circulator (09) and the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) inject detects light and lower sideband detects light when sensor fibre (13) meets, and produces stimulated Brillouin scattering and interacts; The local oscillator light exported through excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light and coupling mechanism (03) that sensor fibre (13) exports, after three-dB coupler (14) coupling, then carry out coherent detection by balance photodetector (15); The medium frequency electric signal that balance photodetector (15) exports carries out acquisition and processing by digital sampling and processing (16), obtain the upper side band detection light after excited Brillouin interacts and lower sideband detection light respectively along the power distribution of sensor fibre (13) and their ratio, the power ratio of light along sensor fibre (13) and the relation R (t of residing sensor fibre (13) position Brillouin shift is detected again according to obtained upper side band detection light and lower sideband, z, δ v
b) the Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v of present position can be obtained
b(t, z), finally according to Brillouin shift variable quantity δ v
b(t, z) realizes dynamic distributed strain sensing with the linear relationship of strain.
2. described dynamic distributed Brillouin fiber optic method for sensing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise further, obtains sensor fibre (13) in advance not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain by the frequency sweeping method of traditional B OTDA
step.
3. described dynamic distributed Brillouin fiber optic method for sensing according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
The frequency v of the upper side band detection light that the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) exports
+for:
The frequency v of the lower sideband detection light that the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) exports
-for:
In formula, f
0be the frequency of the pumping pulse light that the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04) modulates,
export to the modulating frequency of the microwave signal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) for microwave signal source (12), its numerical value equals sensor fibre (13) not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain, Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral.
4. the method for described dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
The power distribution along sensor fibre and relation R (t, z, the δ v of the Brillouin shift variable quantity of residing sensor fibre (13) position through excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light and lower sideband detection light
b) be:
In formula, P
on(t, z) distributes through the power of excited Brillouin interactional upper side band detection light along sensor fibre (13), P
under(t, z) distributes through the power of excited Brillouin interactional lower sideband detection light along sensor fibre (13), and z is the position of residing sensor fibre (13), and G (v) represents normalized brillouin gain, v
+for the frequency of upper side band detection light, v
-for the frequency of lower sideband detection light; f
0be the frequency of the pumping pulse light that the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04) modulates, Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral,
the modulating frequency of the microwave signal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) is exported to, δ v for microwave signal source (12)
b(t, z) is the Brillouin shift variable quantity of residing sensor fibre (13) position.
5. dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: comprise narrow linewidth laser (01), polarization-maintaining coupler (02), coupling mechanism (03), first electro-optic intensity modulator (04), pulse signal generator (05), frequency shifter (06), image intensifer (07), scrambler (08), optical circulator (09), Polarization Controller (10), second photoelectricity intensity modulator (11), microwave signal source (12), sensor fibre (13), three-dB coupler (14), balance photodetector (15) and digital sampling and processing (16),
The output terminal of narrow linewidth laser (01) connects the input end of polarization-maintaining coupler (02), and the two-way output terminal of polarization-maintaining coupler (02) connects the input end of the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04) and the input end of coupling mechanism (03) respectively;
Pulse signal generator (05) directly connects the radio frequency interface of the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04), and the output terminal of the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04) connects the input end of image intensifer (07); The output terminal of image intensifer (07) connects the input end of scrambler (08); The output terminal of scrambler (08) is connected with the A port of optical circulator (09);
The two-way output terminal of coupling mechanism (03) connects the input end of frequency shifter (06) and an input end of three-dB coupler (14) respectively; The output terminal of frequency shifter (06) connects the input end of Polarization Controller (10), the output terminal of Polarization Controller (10) connects the input end of the second photoelectricity intensity modulator (11), and microwave signal source (12) directly connects the radio frequency interface of the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11); The output terminal of the second electro-optic intensity modulator (11) connects one end of sensor fibre (13); The other end of sensor fibre (13) connects the B port of optical circulator (09); Another input end of three-dB coupler (14) connects the C port of optical circulator (09);
The output terminal of three-dB coupler (14) is connected with digital sampling and processing (16) through balance photodetector (15).
6. dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the pumping pulse optical width of the output of the first electro-optic intensity modulator (04) is 10ns-50ns.
7. dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the shift frequency amount f of frequency shifter (06)
0=Δ v
b/ 2, wherein Δ v
bfor the full width at half maximum of excited Brillouin gain spectral.
8. dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the frequency of microwave telecommunication that microwave signal source (12) exports number
equal sensor fibre (13) not by Brillouin shift during dynamic strain.
9. dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described sensor fibre (13) is general single mode fiber.
10. dynamic distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the detective bandwidth of described balance photodetector (15) is 12GHz.
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