CN107044862A - Hybrid fiber sensor-based system - Google Patents

Hybrid fiber sensor-based system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107044862A
CN107044862A CN201710042561.1A CN201710042561A CN107044862A CN 107044862 A CN107044862 A CN 107044862A CN 201710042561 A CN201710042561 A CN 201710042561A CN 107044862 A CN107044862 A CN 107044862A
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optical fiber
output end
fiber
input connection
circulator
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CN107044862B (en
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李峰
杜彦良
赵维刚
李剑芝
侯跃敏
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Shijiazhuang Tiedao University
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Shijiazhuang Tiedao University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35338Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
    • G01D5/35354Sensor working in reflection
    • G01D5/35358Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
    • G01D5/35364Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using inelastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Brillouin or Raman backscattering

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hybrid fiber sensor-based system, it is related to technical field of optical fiber sensing.The sensor-based system includes laser, fiber coupler, continuous probe light path, pumping pulse light path, sensor fibre, the second optical fiber circulator and control system.The output end of the laser is divided into two-way after fiber coupler, the first via is connected with the input of the continuous probe light path, second tunnel is connected with the input of the pumping pulse light path, the output end of the continuous probe light path is connected through the sensor fibre with an input of the second optical fiber circulator, the output end of the pumping pulse light path is connected with another input of second optical fiber circulator, and the output end of second optical fiber circulator is connected with the input of the control system.The system cost is low, and the static and dynamic that the overall and local crucial strain/temperature information of wider, more high spacial accuracy structure can be achieved is extracted simultaneously.

Description

Hybrid fiber sensor-based system
Technical field
Fiber grating reflection/transmission and optical fiber are utilized the present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, more particularly to one kind The hybrid fiber sensor-based system of stimulated Brillouin scattering synchronism detection.
Background technology
Monitoring structural health conditions can provide reliable number for the performance evaluation of structure during one's term of military service, damage diagnosis and life prediction According to, or the design of structure, protection and theoretical research provide important parameter.Technical advantage based on Fibre Optical Sensor, at present Optical fiber Bragg grating sensing technology and the sensing technology scattered based on optical fiber Brillouin are sent out in monitoring structural health conditions field Important function is waved.The especially sensing technology based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in recent years(BOTDA)In sensing range and space essence Very big lifting is obtained in terms of degree, it is with the obvious advantage compared to the sensing technology based on optical fiber spontaneous brillouin scattering.Fiber grating Sensing technology has the unique advantage of high accuracy, multiplexing and dynamic measurement, but may only provide discrete spatial information.Phase Instead, the sensing technology scattered based on optical fiber Brillouin can then provide the continuous information along kilometer range inner fibers up to a hundred, but It is that precision is less better.How both to be merged, give full play to double technical advantages, synchronous realize is held to the Global Information of structure Monitored with local key message, it is significant for monitoring structural health conditions.
At present, researcher has carried out positive research for the problem, achieves some achievements in research.Such as patent " the full-dimension distributed optical fiber sensing method with partial high-precision co-linear "(Application number:ZL200810064168.3), propose to adopt With photoswitch or coupler by BOTDA(R)With one new monitoring system of the integrated composition of FBG (FBG) demodulators.Patent " is based on Brillouin The base sheet stresses monitoring device and method of optical time domain reflection formula Fibre Optical Sensor and optical fiber grating sensing "(Application number: ZL201220426263.X)" pile tube is driven into the FBG-BOTDA combination sensors detection method of soil layer "(It is open 201310397789.4)Take similar scheme.Document(Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2013, 31: 1559-1565;Structural Health Monitoring, 2010, 9: 341-346;International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2012;Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 2014, 21: 317-330.)Also report respectively and two kinds of optical fiber sensing technologies are applied to transmission of electricity simultaneously Line, tunnel, FRP and beams of concrete loss of prestress monitoring.The above scheme and application, its essence is use BOTDA(R) With FBG (FBG) demodulator dual systems, realize that single fiber is shared.Wherein, tested while photoswitch scheme can not realize both.Coupler side In case, it can be tested simultaneously by simple designs BOTDR and FBG (FBG) demodulators, both will not produce interfering between optical signal;But It is BOTDA and FBG while in test process, because BOTDA is Dual-Ended Loop Test system, it, which detects light, can enter FBG (FBG) demodulators, make Decline into demodulating system signal to noise ratio, peak-seeking is inaccurately even sought less than peak.Using dual system, monitoring cost can be caused to rise, do not had There is the technological incorporation realized truly.Patent " is used for overall and local train monitoring simultaneously the distributed light of engineering structure Fiber sensor "(Application number:201110069430.5)Using the technical scheme of single system single fiber, make system compatible fiber grating and Brillouin's time domain reflection technology, reduces system cost.The program can be passed as BOTDR technologies and FBG based on single-ended measurement The fusion of sense technology, compared with the sensing technology based on optical fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering, its distance sensing and space measuring accuracy By larger limitation.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be how one kind is provided can be while obtaining wider more high spacial accuracy Overall structure information and local key position is quiet, multidate information hybrid fiber sensor-based system.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is:A kind of hybrid fiber sensor-based system, it is special Levy and be:Including laser, fiber coupler, continuous probe light path, pumping pulse light path, sensor fibre, the second fiber annular Device and control system, the output end of the laser are divided into two-way, the first via and the continuous probe light after fiber coupler The input connection on road, the second tunnel is connected with the input of the pumping pulse light path, the output end of the continuous probe light path Be connected through the sensor fibre with an input of the second optical fiber circulator, the output end of the pumping pulse light path with it is described Another input connection of second optical fiber circulator, the output end of second optical fiber circulator is defeated with the control system Enter end connection.
Further technical scheme is:The continuous probe light path includes the second optical fiber polarization controller, the second photoelectricity Modulator, the first optical fiber circulator, fiber grating, the second fiber amplifier and scrambler.One of the fiber coupler is defeated Go out end be connected with the input of second optical fiber polarization controller, the output end of second optical fiber polarization controller with it is described The input connection of second electrooptic modulator, the output end of second electrooptic modulator and the one of first optical fiber circulator Individual input connection, the fiber grating is connected with another input of first optical fiber circulator, first optical fiber The output end of circulator is connected with the input of second fiber amplifier, the output end of second fiber amplifier and institute The input connection of scrambler is stated, the output end of the scrambler is connected with one end of the sensor fibre.
Further technical scheme is:The pumping pulse light path includes the first optical fiber polarization controller, the first electric light Modulator, the 3rd optical fiber polarization controller, the 3rd electrooptic modulator, impulse generator, the first fiber amplifier, the optical fiber coupling One output end of clutch is connected with the input of first optical fiber polarization controller, first optical fiber polarization controller Output end is connected with an input of first electrooptic modulator, the output end of first electrooptic modulator and described the Three fibre optic polarizers input connection, the output end of the 3rd fibre optic polarizer with one of the 3rd electrooptic modulator Input is connected, and the output end of the impulse generator is connected with another input of the 3rd electrooptic modulator, described The output end of 3rd electrooptic modulator is connected with the input of first fiber amplifier, first fiber amplifier it is defeated Go out end to be connected with an input of second optical fiber circulator.
Further technical scheme is:The control system includes the 3rd optical fiber circulator, fiber F-P wave filter, saw Tooth wave producer, the first photodetector, bandpass filter, the second photodetector and signal acquisition and controlling device, described The output end of two optical fiber circulators is connected with the input of the 3rd optical fiber circulator, one of the 3rd optical fiber circulator Output end is connected with an input of the fiber F-P wave filter, the output end of the saw-toothed wave generator and the optical fiber Another input connection of F-P wave filters, the output end of the fiber F-P wave filter is through first photodetector and institute State the input connection of signal acquisition and controlling device, another output end and the band logical of the 3rd optical fiber circulator The input connection of wave filter, the output end of the bandpass filter through second photodetector and the signal acquisition with Another input connection of controller, a control output end and the sawtooth waveforms of the signal acquisition and controlling device occur The control end connection of device.
Further technical scheme is:The sensor fibre is provided with optical fiber optical grating array.
Further technical scheme is:The optical fiber optical grating array includes more than two fiber gratings.
It is using the beneficial effect produced by above-mentioned technical proposal:Described continuous probe light path, pumping pulse light path The stimulated Brillouin scattering light road based on double-end measurement is constituted with sensor fibre;Meanwhile, described pumping pulse light path is pulse Broadband light, can as optical fiber optical grating array main light source, when described pumping pulse light path is less than in the luminous power of some wave bands During the luminous power of continuous probe light path, light source is provided for optical fiber optical grating array by continuous probe light;It is steady that double light sources add system It is qualitative, the use bandwidth of fiber grating in sensor fibre is extended, so as to improve reusable quantity.
Described optical fiber optical grating array carries out wavelength selection by rearmounted fiber F-P wave filter, it is to avoid double-end measurement process The light of middle continuous probe light path or pumping pulse light path is directly entered the first photodetector and causes signal to noise ratio to decline or signal quilt Fall into oblivion.
The transmitted light of optical fiber optical grating array based on continuous probe light path and the fiber grating battle array based on pumping pulse light path The reflected light of row, enters the first photodetector simultaneously after coupling, now signal acquisition and controlling device has largest light intensity detection concurrently Two kinds of control models are detected with minimum intensity of light.
To sum up, the sensor-based system passes through the list to fiber grating reflection/transmission and optical fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering signal System single fiber synchro measure, can effectively reduce system cost.By Optical System Design, wider, more high spatial can be achieved The static state and dynamic of the overall and local crucial strain/temperature information of the structure of precision are extracted simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of hybrid fiber sensor-based system described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein:1st, laser 2, fiber coupler 3, continuous probe light path 31, the second optical fiber polarization controller 32, the second photoelectricity are adjusted Device 33 processed, the first optical fiber circulator 34, fiber grating 35, the second fiber amplifier 36, scrambler 4, sensor fibre 41, optical fiber light Grid 5, pumping pulse light path 51, the first optical fiber polarization controller 52, the first electrooptic modulator 53, the 3rd optical fiber polarization controller 54th, the 3rd electrooptic modulator 55, impulse generator 56, the first fiber amplifier 6, the second optical fiber circulator 7, control system 71, 3rd optical fiber circulator 72, fiber F-P wave filter 73, saw-toothed wave generator 74, the first photodetector 75, bandpass filter 76th, the second photodetector 77, signal acquisition and controlling device.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Ground is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Many details are elaborated in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention, still the present invention can be with It is different from other manner described here using other to implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by following public specific embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of hybrid fiber sensor-based system, including laser 1, fiber coupling Device 2, continuous probe light path 3, sensor fibre 4, pumping pulse light path 5, the second optical fiber circulator 6 and control system 7.The laser The output end of device 1 is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 2, and the first via is connected with the input of the continuous probe light path 3, and second Road is connected with the input of the pumping pulse light path 5, the output end of the continuous probe light path 3 through the sensor fibre 4 with The input connection of second optical fiber circulator 6, the output end of the pumping pulse light path 5 and second optical fiber circulator 6 another input connection, the output end of second optical fiber circulator 6 is connected with the input of the control system 7.
It is preferred that, the laser 1 is narrow linewidth laser.The sensor fibre 4 is provided with optical fiber optical grating array, described Optical fiber optical grating array includes more than two fiber gratings 41.
Further, as shown in figure 1, the continuous probe light path includes the second optical fiber polarization controller 31, the second photoelectricity Modulator 32, the first optical fiber circulator 33, fiber grating 34, the second fiber amplifier 35 and scrambler 36.The fiber coupling One output end of device 2 is connected with the input of first optical fiber polarization controller 31, second optical fiber polarization controller 31 output end is connected with the input of second electrooptic modulator 32, the output end of second electrooptic modulator 32 and institute The input connection of the first optical fiber circulator 33 is stated, the fiber grating 34 is another with first optical fiber circulator 33 Individual input connection, the output end of first optical fiber circulator 33 is connected with the input of second fiber amplifier 35, The output end of second fiber amplifier 35 is connected with the input of the scrambler 36, the output end of the scrambler 36 with One end connection of the sensor fibre 4.
Further, as shown in figure 1, the pumping pulse light path 5 includes the first optical fiber polarization controller 51, the first electric light Modulator 52, the 3rd optical fiber polarization controller 53, the 3rd electrooptic modulator 54, impulse generator 55, the first fiber amplifier 56. One output end of the fiber coupler 2 is connected with the input of first optical fiber polarization controller 51, first light The output end of fine Polarization Controller 51 is connected with an input of first electrooptic modulator 52, first Electro-optical Modulation The output end of device 52 is connected with the input of the 3rd fibre optic polarizer 53, the output end of the 3rd fibre optic polarizer 53 with The input connection of 3rd electrooptic modulator 54, the output end of the impulse generator 55 is adjusted with the 3rd electric light Another input connection of device 54 processed, output end and first fiber amplifier 56 of the 3rd electrooptic modulator 54 Input is connected, and the output end of first fiber amplifier 56 is connected with an input of second optical fiber circulator 6.
Further, as shown in figure 1, the control system 7 include the 3rd optical fiber circulator 71, fiber F-P wave filter 72, Saw-toothed wave generator 73, the first photodetector 74, wave filter 75, the second photodetector 76 and signal acquisition and controlling device 77.The output end of second optical fiber circulator 6 is connected with the input of the 3rd optical fiber circulator 71, the 3rd optical fiber One output end of circulator 71 is connected with an input of the fiber F-P wave filter 72, the saw-toothed wave generator 73 Output end be connected with another input of the fiber F-P wave filter 72, the output end of the fiber F-P wave filter 72 warp First photodetector 74 is connected with an input of the signal acquisition and controlling device 77, the 3rd fiber annular Another output end of device 71 is connected with the input of the bandpass filter 75, and the output end of the bandpass filter 75 is through institute Another input that the second photodetector 76 is stated with the signal acquisition and controlling device 77 is connected, the signal acquisition and control One control output end of device 77 processed is connected with the control end of the saw-toothed wave generator 73.
Described pumping pulse light path 5 provides pulse broadband light, and 1510 nm-1600 nm wave bands of main covering can conduct The main light source of optical fiber optical grating array 41;And in 1460 nm-1510 nm wave bands, the luminous power of described pumping pulse light path 5 is low It is now that optical fiber optical grating array 41 provides light source by continuous probe light path in the luminous power of continuous probe light path 3;Double light source increases The stability of a system, extends the use bandwidth of fiber grating in sensor fibre 4, so as to improve reusable quantity.Meanwhile, it is The detection of optical fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering signal is not disturbed, the optic fiber grating wavelength should be avoided near 1550 nm;Further Ground, to obtain preferable signal to noise ratio, optic fiber grating wavelength should avoid the luminous power of pumping pulse light path 5 and continuous probe light path 3 Near crosspoint, preferable 1460 nm-1515 nm wave bands, 1525 nm-1545 nm, 1555 nm-1575 nm are considered With 1585 nm-1600 nm.
Wave filter 75 is bandpass filter, and bandwidth is preferably 1545 nm-1555 nm, for by optical fiber optical grating array 41 Reflected light and transmitted light introduce fiber F-P wave filter 72 by an output end of the 3rd optical fiber circulator 71 and carry out wavelength choosing Select;Second photodetector 76 is entered as the end of probe of stimulated Brillouin scattering by the light of bandpass filter 75.
Optical fiber optical grating array 41 carries out wavelength selection by rearmounted fiber F-P wave filter 72, it is to avoid during double-end measurement The light that continuous probe light path 3 or pumping pulse light path 5 are sent be directly entered the first photodetector 74 cause signal to noise ratio decline or Signal is annihilated.
The transmitted light of optical fiber optical grating array 41 based on continuous probe light path 3 and the optical fiber light based on pumping pulse light path 5 Enter the first photodetector 74 simultaneously after the reflected light coupling of grid array 41, now signal acquisition and controlling device 77 has maximum concurrently Light intensity detection and minimum intensity of light detect two kinds of control models, and ensure preferable signal to noise ratio.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of hybrid fiber sensor-based system, it is characterised in that:Including laser(1), fiber coupler(2), continuous probe light Road(3), sensor fibre(4), pumping pulse light path(5), the second optical fiber circulator(6)And control system(7), the laser (1)Output end through fiber coupler(2)After be divided into two-way, the first via and the continuous probe light path(3)Input connection, Second tunnel and the pumping pulse light path(5)Input connection, the continuous probe light path(3)Output end through the sensing Optical fiber(4)With the second optical fiber circulator(6)An input connection, the pumping pulse light path(5)Output end with it is described Second optical fiber circulator(6)Another input connection, second optical fiber circulator(6)Output end with it is described control be System(7)Input connection.
2. hybrid fiber sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The continuous probe light path includes the second light Fine Polarization Controller(31), the second electrooptic modulator(32), the first optical fiber circulator(33), fiber grating(34), the second optical fiber Amplifier(35)And scrambler(36), the fiber coupler(2)An output end and second optical fiber polarization controller (31)Input connection, second optical fiber polarization controller(31)Output end and second electrooptic modulator(32)'s Input is connected, second electrooptic modulator(32)Output end and first optical fiber circulator(33)An input Connection, the fiber grating(34)With first optical fiber circulator(33)Another input connection, first optical fiber Circulator(33)Output end and second fiber amplifier(35)Input connection, second fiber amplifier(35) Output end and the scrambler(36)Input connection, the scrambler(36)Output end and the sensor fibre(4) One end connection.
3. hybrid fiber sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The pumping pulse light path(5)Including One optical fiber polarization controller(51), the first electrooptic modulator(52), the 3rd optical fiber polarization controller(53), the 3rd electrooptic modulator (54), impulse generator(55), the first fiber amplifier(56);The fiber coupler(2)An output end and described the One optical fiber polarization controller(51)Input connection, first optical fiber polarization controller(51)Output end and described first Electrooptic modulator(52)An input connection, first electrooptic modulator(52)Output end and the 3rd optical fiber it is inclined Shake device(53)Input connection, the 3rd fibre optic polarizer(53)Output end and the 3rd electrooptic modulator(54)'s One input connection, the impulse generator(55)Output end and the 3rd electrooptic modulator(54)Another input End connection, the 3rd electrooptic modulator(54)Output end and first fiber amplifier(56)Input connection, institute State the first fiber amplifier(56)Output end be connected with an input of second optical fiber circulator 6.
4. hybrid fiber sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The control system(7)(7)Including the 3rd Optical fiber circulator(71), fiber F-P wave filter(72), saw-toothed wave generator(73), the first photodetector(74), bandpass filtering Device(75), the second photodetector(76)With signal acquisition and controlling device(77), second optical fiber circulator(6)Output end With the 3rd optical fiber circulator(71)Input connection, the 3rd optical fiber circulator(71)An output end with it is described Fiber F-P wave filter(72)An input connection, the saw-toothed wave generator(73)Output end and the fiber F-P filter Ripple device(72)Another input connection, the fiber F-P wave filter(72)Output end through first photodetector (74)With the signal acquisition and controlling device(77)An input connection, the 3rd optical fiber circulator(71)Another Output end and the bandpass filter(75)Input connection, the wave filter(75)Output end visited through second photoelectricity Survey device(76)With the signal acquisition and controlling device(77)Another input connection, the signal acquisition and controlling device(77) A control output end and the saw-toothed wave generator(73)Control end connection.
5. hybrid fiber sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The laser(1)For narrow-linewidth laser Device.
6. hybrid fiber sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The sensor fibre(4)It is provided with optical fiber Grating array.
7. hybrid fiber sensor-based system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:The optical fiber optical grating array include two with On fiber grating(41).
8. hybrid fiber sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The wave filter(75)For bandpass filtering Device, with a width of 1545 nm-1555 nm.
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