CN102829812A - Brillouin optical time domain analysis meter capable of locking frequencies of two lasers based on optical phase-locked loop - Google Patents
Brillouin optical time domain analysis meter capable of locking frequencies of two lasers based on optical phase-locked loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN102829812A CN102829812A CN201210299485XA CN201210299485A CN102829812A CN 102829812 A CN102829812 A CN 102829812A CN 201210299485X A CN201210299485X A CN 201210299485XA CN 201210299485 A CN201210299485 A CN 201210299485A CN 102829812 A CN102829812 A CN 102829812A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Brillouin optical time domain analysis meter capable of locking frequencies of two lasers based on an optical phase-locked loop, relates to a Brillouin optical time domain analysis meter, and solves the problems of high price, complicated structure and large volume of the conventional device for detecting a beat frequency signal obtained after frequency mixing of the two lasers by utilizing a microwave frequency counter, and slow frequency scanning speed and narrow frequency scanning range caused by slow response speed of an optical delay line due to frequency locking and scanning between two distributed feedback type semiconductor lasers through the optical delay line. The Brillouin optical time domain analysis meter comprises a 1# laser, a 2# laser, a 1# optical fiber coupler, a 2# optical fiber coupler, a 3# optical fiber coupler, a phase-locked loop module, an electro-optical modulator, a pulse generator, a scrambler, a detection amplification module, an optical attenuator, an erbium doped fiber amplifier, a circulator, a photoelectric detector and a data acquisition module. The invention is suitable for the Brillouin optical time domain analysis meter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance.
Background technology
Continuous distribution formula Brillouin fiber optic sensing appearance utilizes the Brillouin scattering in the optical fiber machine-processed as sensing, and high resolving power, high-precision strain and temperature monitoring in the distributed extra long distance can be provided.This sensor-based system adopts the optical communication fiber of standard as sensor information, not only can be used for the monitoring of temperature and strain but also can communicate, can realize sensing with communicate by letter multiplexing.Continuous distribution formula Brillouin fiber optic temperature and strain sensing appearance application comprise: the temperature of oil and gas pipeline and storage tank and deformation monitoring; The temperature of seabed or land high-tension cable and strain monitoring; The distributed monitoring of geologic hazard (such as landslide, rubble flow etc.); The monitoring structural health conditions of buildings such as bridge, dam and tunnel, and fire alarm etc.
The Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance is a kind of version that realizes continuous distribution formula Brillouin fiber optic temperature and strain sensing appearance, it because of have signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) height, spatial resolution height, measuring accuracy is high and measuring distance is grown advantage has obtained paying close attention to widely and studying.Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance the inside comprises two light sources pump light to be provided and to survey light, and its gordian technique is
How to obtain two stable light sources of difference on the frequency.At present, have a kind of scheme to use a laser instrument that light source is provided, it adopts the way of microwave modulating to obtain the detection light (M.Nikles that another relative pump light has stable frequency displacement; L.Thevenaz; And P.A.Robert, " Simple distributed fiber sensor based on Brillouin gain spectrum analysis, " Optics Letters; 21; 758-760,1996), yet this Technology Need use costs an arm and a leg and baroque frequency is microwave signal generator and high-speed electro-optic modulator about tens GHz.Another kind of scheme is to adopt two laser instruments that light source is provided, and can obtain the stable pump light of difference on the frequency and survey light through the difference on the frequency locking to two laser instruments.People such as A.W.Brown adopt microwave frequency counting device survey after two laser instrument mixing beat signal and through FEEDBACK CONTROL wherein laser instrument realize the stable (A.W.Brown of difference on the frequency between two laser instruments; J.P.Smith; And X.Bao; " Brillouin scattering based distributed sensors for structural applications, " J.Intell.Mater.Syst.Struct.10,340-349; 1999.), yet the price of microwave frequency counting device is higher, complex structure, volume are bigger.U.S. Pat 7; 499; 151B2 proposes to adopt an external optical time delay line to realize frequency lock and scanning between two distributed feed-back formulas (DFB) semiconductor laser; The response speed of optical time delay line is slow, reference time delay is little yet shortcoming that should technology is, makes the slow and frequency sweeping narrow range of frequency-scan speed.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve existing price height, complex structure, the volume of the device that microwave frequency counting device surveys the beat signal after two laser instrument mixing of adopting bigger; The problem of the slow and frequency sweeping narrow range of the frequency-scan speed that adopts the response speed of the optical time delay line that the optical time delay line realizes frequency lock between two distributed feedback type semiconductor lasers and scanning are produced to cause slowly provides a kind of Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock.
Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock; It is made up of a laser instrument, No. two laser instruments, a fiber coupler, No. two fiber couplers, No. three fiber couplers, phase-locked loop module, electrooptic modulator, pulse producer, scrambler, detection amplification module, optical attenuator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), circulator, photodetector and data acquisition modules; The output terminal of a laser instrument is communicated with the light signal input end of a fiber coupler; The light signal output end of a fiber coupler is communicated with the light signal input end of electrooptic modulator and No. three fiber couplers simultaneously; The output terminal of No. two laser instruments is communicated with the light signal input end of No. two fiber couplers; The light signal output end of No. two fiber couplers is communicated with the light signal input end of optical attenuator and No. three fiber couplers simultaneously, and the light signal output end of optical attenuator is communicated with an end of testing fiber; The light signal output end of No. three fiber couplers is communicated with the light signal input end of surveying amplification module; The electrical signal of surveying amplification module is communicated with the electric signal input end of phase-locked loop module; The control signal output ends of phase-locked loop module is communicated with the injection current control end of No. two laser instruments; The pulse signal output end of pulse producer is communicated with the pulse signal input terminal of electrooptic modulator; The light signal output end of electrooptic modulator is communicated with the light signal input end of scrambler; The light signal output end of scrambler is communicated with the light signal input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), and circulator comprises a light signal port, No. two light signal ports and No. three light signal ports, and the light signal output end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is communicated with a light signal port of circulator; No. three light signal ports of circulator are communicated with the light signal input end of photodetector, and No. two light signal ports of circulator are communicated with the other end of testing fiber; The electrical signal of photodetector is communicated with the Information Monitoring input end of data acquisition module.
The present invention has realized that Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance price is low, simple in structure, volume is little owing to do not comprise microwave frequency counting device; Optics phaselocked loop of the present invention provides between two laser instruments accurately, fast, difference on the frequency locking and scanning on a large scale, and then obtain quick and high-precision measurement; Signal after using frequency splitting technology mixing in the optics phaselocked loop drops to tens to hundreds of MHz from tens GHz, thereby can use device and derived reference signal than low frequency, has greatly reduced cost, has simplified system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a composition structural representation of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the phase-locked loop module of embodiment two; Fig. 3 is the difference on the frequency synoptic diagram of two ECLDs of employing PHASE-LOCKED LOOP PLL TECHNIQUE locking of embodiment two, the 10th minute unlatching phaselocked loop among the figure.
Embodiment
DETAILED DESCRIPTION way: with the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, according to this embodiment the laser-based optical phase-lock to the frequency of the two Brillouin optical time domain analyzer, which consists of laser No. 1-1, II laser 1-2, 2-1 One fiber optic coupler, fiber optic coupler 2-2 II, III fiber coupler 2-3, PLL module three, four electro-optic modulator, a pulse generator 5, scrambler 6, the detection amplifying module 7, the optical attenuator 8, the erbium doped fiber amplifier 9, the circulator 10, the photodetector 11 and the data acquisition module 12 composed of 1-1 One output terminal of the laser optical coupler 2 ONE - The optical signal input terminal 1 communicates, One optical fiber coupler 2-1 signal output simultaneously with the electro-optic modulator 4 and Route 2-3 optical fiber coupler signal input terminal communicates, II lasers 1-2 on the 2nd output of the optical fiber coupler 2-2 signal input terminal communicates, II 2-2 optical fiber coupler while the optical signal output terminal 8 and Route attenuator fiber coupler optical signal input 2-3 end connectivity, the optical attenuator 8, the optical signal output end communicating with one end of the fiber under test; Route 2-3 optical fiber coupler and the detection signal output terminal of the optical amplifier module 7 communicates the signal input terminal, detection amplifying module 7 PLL signal output terminal and the signal input terminal of module 3 communicates PLL module 3 and a control signal output terminal 1-2 II laser injection current control terminal connected, the pulse generator 5 outputs a pulse signal electro-optic modulator with a pulse signal input terminal 4 communicates, electro-optic modulator 4 and the optical signal output of the scrambler 6 communicates optical signal input terminal,
The light signal output end of scrambler 6 is communicated with the light signal input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 9; Circulator 10 comprises a light signal port one 0-1, No. two light signal port one 0-2 and No. three light signal port one 0-3; The light signal output end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 9 is communicated with a light signal port one 0-1 of circulator 10; No. three light signal port one 0-3 of circulator 10 are communicated with the light signal input end of photodetector 11, and No. two light signal port one 0-2 of circulator 10 are communicated with the other end of testing fiber; The electrical signal of photodetector 11 is communicated with the Information Monitoring input end of data acquisition module 12.
The present invention has realized that the price of Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance is low, simple in structure, volume is little owing to do not comprise microwave frequency counting device; Optics phaselocked loop of the present invention provides between two laser instruments accurately, fast, difference on the frequency locking and scanning on a large scale, and then obtain quick and high-precision measurement; Signal after using frequency splitting technology mixing in the optics phaselocked loop drops to tens to hundreds of MHz from tens GHz, thereby can use device and derived reference signal than low frequency, has greatly reduced cost, has simplified system.
The present invention adopts a laser instrument 1-1 and two laser instruments of No. two laser instrument 1-2; By a laser instrument 1-1 pump light is provided; By No. two laser instrument 1-2 detection light is provided; Said laser instrument can be single mode narrow linewidth fiber laser, distributed feedback type semiconductor laser (DFB) and external cavity semiconductor laser (ECL), and output power is 10 ~ 50mW, and wavelength is near 1550nm.Carry out mixing to No. three fiber coupler 2-3 that the laser of a laser instrument 1-1 and No. two laser instrument 1-2 outputs extracts a part (5% ~ 20%) injection 50:50 respectively through a fiber coupler 2-1 and No. two fiber coupler 2-2, and convert beat signal to by surveying amplification module 7.Phase-locked loop module detects the beat signal of exporting after two laser instrument mixing, is loaded into wherein the injection current control port of a laser instrument as feedback and regulates the difference on the frequency that the output light frequency is realized two laser instruments of locking thereby provide an error signal then.
Embodiment two: combine Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 that this embodiment is described; This embodiment is the further qualification to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock of embodiment one; Phase-locked loop module 3 is made up of directional coupler 3-1, frequency divider 3-2, phase Discr. 3-3, derived reference signal 3-4, loop filter 3-5 and frequency counting unit 3-6; The electric signal input end of directional coupler 3-1 is the electric signal input end of phase-locked loop module 3; The output terminal of the signal of directional coupler 3-1 is communicated with the input end of the signal of frequency divider 3-2, and the output terminal of another signal of directional coupler 3-1 is communicated with the input end of frequency counting unit 3-6; The output terminal of the signal of frequency divider 3-2 is communicated with the signal input part of phase Discr. 3-3; The signal output part of derived reference signal 3-4 is communicated with another signal input part of phase Discr. 3-3; The signal output part of phase Discr. 3-3 is communicated with the signal input part of loop filter 3-5, and the signal output part of loop filter 3-5 is the control signal output ends of phase-locked loop module 3.
Directional coupler 3-1 is coupled out beat signal part power and is used for monitoring in real time the difference on the frequency of two laser instruments; Another part signal connects frequency divider; The function of frequency divider is that beat signal is carried out frequency reducing, and its output frequency equals the frequency dividing ratio N of the frequency of beat signal divided by frequency divider.Provide an error signal after signal and the reference signal of phase Discr. through relatively frequency divider output; Error signal is loaded into the wherein injection current control port of a laser instrument after through a loop filter, and the frequency of output signal of frequency divider just equals the frequency f of reference signal after loop-locking
r, the difference on the frequency between two laser instruments equals N * f
rBecause the frequency of beat signal is approximately tens GHz; Bigger to its direct intractability, through dropping to hundreds of MHz to signal frequency behind the frequency divider, so just can use the device of lower low frequency to handle; And; The frequency of derived reference signal also greatly reduces, and drops to tens to hundreds of MHz from tens GHz and makes cost reduction, designs simplification, and this is an innovation of this patent.The phase Discr. has the bandwidth of response faster and broad, therefore can realize the quick lock in and the large area scanning of difference on the frequency between two laser instruments, and general sweep limit is 8 ~ 12GHz.Shown in Figure 3 for adopting the difference on the frequency of two ECLDs of PHASE-LOCKED LOOP PLL TECHNIQUE locking, the 10th minute unlatching phaselocked loop.
In two laser instruments of frequency lock, wherein a laser instrument provides continuous detection light, and obtains required power through optical attenuator, connects an end of sensor fibre then.Another laser instrument obtains pumping pulse light through pulse producer and electrooptic modulator; Polarization state through the pumping pulse of scrambler randomly changing; Be amplified to required power to pumping pulse through Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), be connected to the other end of sensor fibre again through circulator.After circulator gets into photodetector, collected by data collecting card by the signal of photodetector output through sensor fibre for continuous probe light.The polarization state of said scrambler randomly changing pumping pulse, and the signal that collects is done multiple averaging can eliminate the signal fluctuation that the polarization state variation causes in the single-mode fiber.
Embodiment three: this embodiment is that a laser instrument 1-1 and No. two laser instrument 1-2 all adopt single mode narrow linewidth fiber laser, distributed feedback type semiconductor laser or external cavity semiconductor laser to the further qualification of the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock of embodiment one.
Embodiment four: this embodiment is the further qualification to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock of embodiment one; No. one fiber coupler 2-1 is identical with the value of the coupling ratio of No. two fiber coupler 2-2, and the value scope of said coupling ratio is between 95:5 and the 80:20.
Embodiment five: this embodiment is that a laser instrument 1-1 and No. two laser instrument 1-2 all adopt polarization maintaining optical fibre output to the further qualification of the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock of embodiment one.
Embodiment six: this embodiment is the further qualification to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock of embodiment one, and fiber coupler 2-1, No. two fiber coupler 2-2 and No. three fiber coupler 2-3 all adopt the fiber coupler of polarization maintaining optical fibre type.
Embodiment seven: this embodiment is the further qualification to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock of embodiment one; The frequency dividing ratio N of frequency divider 3-2 is: 8≤N≤200, the range of signal after the mixing of the corresponding frequency dividing ratio N of 10GHz signal is: 1.25GHz to 100MHz.
Embodiment eight: this embodiment is the further qualification to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock of embodiment one, and the lock-in range of difference on the frequency is 8 ~ 12GHz between laser instrument 1-1 and No. two laser instrument 1-2.
Claims (8)
1. based on the Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of two laser frequency of optics pll lock; It is characterized in that; It is made up of a laser instrument (1-1), No. two laser instruments (1-2), a fiber coupler (2-1), No. two fiber couplers (2-2), No. three fiber couplers (2-3), phase-locked loop module (3), electrooptic modulator (4), pulse producer (5), scrambler (6), detection amplification module (7), optical attenuator (8), Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (9), circulator (10), photodetector (11) and data acquisition module (12); The output terminal of a laser instrument (1-1) is communicated with the light signal input end of a fiber coupler (2-1); The light signal output end of a fiber coupler (2-1) is communicated with the light signal input end of electrooptic modulator (4) and No. three fiber couplers (2-3) simultaneously; The output terminal of No. two laser instruments (1-2) is communicated with the light signal input end of No. two fiber couplers (2-2); The light signal output end of No. two fiber couplers (2-2) is communicated with the light signal input end of optical attenuator (8) and No. three fiber couplers (2-3) simultaneously, and the light signal output end of optical attenuator (8) is communicated with an end of testing fiber; The light signal output end of No. three fiber couplers (2-3) is communicated with the light signal input end of surveying amplification module (7); The electrical signal of surveying amplification module (7) is communicated with the electric signal input end of phase-locked loop module (3); The control signal output ends of phase-locked loop module (3) is communicated with the injection current control end of No. two laser instruments (1-2); The pulse signal output end of pulse producer (5) is communicated with the pulse signal input terminal of electrooptic modulator (4); The light signal output end of electrooptic modulator (4) is communicated with the light signal input end of scrambler (6); The light signal output end of scrambler (6) is communicated with the light signal input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (9); Circulator (10) comprises a light signal port (10-1), No. two light signal ports (10-2) and No. three light signal ports (10-3); The light signal output end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (9) is communicated with a light signal port (10-1) of circulator (10), and No. three light signal ports (10-3) of circulator (10) are communicated with the light signal input end of photodetector (11), and No. two light signal ports (10-2) of circulator (10) are communicated with the other end of testing fiber; The electrical signal of photodetector (11) is communicated with the Information Monitoring input end of data acquisition module (12).
2. according to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of claim 1 based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock; It is characterized in that; Phase-locked loop module (3) is made up of directional coupler (3-1), frequency divider (3-2), phase Discr. (3-3), derived reference signal (3-4), loop filter (3-5) and frequency counting unit (3-6); The electric signal input end of directional coupler (3-1) is the electric signal input end of phase-locked loop module (3); The output terminal of a signal of directional coupler (3-1) is communicated with the input end of the signal of frequency divider (3-2), and the output terminal of another signal of directional coupler (3-1) is communicated with the input end of frequency counting unit (3-6); The output terminal of the signal of frequency divider (3-2) is communicated with a signal input part of phase Discr. (3-3); The signal output part of derived reference signal (3-4) is communicated with another signal input part of phase Discr. (3-3); The signal output part of phase Discr. (3-3) is communicated with the signal input part of loop filter (3-5), and the signal output part of loop filter (3-5) is the control signal output ends of phase-locked loop module (3).
3. according to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of claim 1 based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock; It is characterized in that a laser instrument (1-1) and No. two laser instruments (1-2) all adopt single mode narrow linewidth fiber laser, distributed feedback type semiconductor laser or external cavity semiconductor laser.
4. according to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of claim 1 based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock; It is characterized in that; A fiber coupler (2-1) is identical with the value of the coupling ratio of No. two fiber couplers (2-2), and the value scope of said coupling ratio is between 95:5 and the 80:20.
5. according to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of claim 1, it is characterized in that a laser instrument (1-1) and No. two laser instruments (1-2) all adopt polarization maintaining optical fibre output based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock.
6. according to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of claim 1 based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock; It is characterized in that a fiber coupler (2-1), No. two fiber couplers (2-2) and No. three fiber couplers (2-3) all adopt the fiber coupler of polarization maintaining optical fibre type.
7. according to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of claim 2 based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock; It is characterized in that; The frequency dividing ratio N of frequency divider (3-2) is: 8≤N≤200, the range of signal after the mixing of the corresponding frequency dividing ratio N of 10GHz signal is: 1.25GHz to 100MHz.
8. according to the said Brillouin optical time domain analysis appearance of claim 2, it is characterized in that the lock-in range of difference on the frequency is 8 ~ 12GHz between a laser instrument (1-1) and No. two laser instruments (1-2) based on two laser frequency of optics pll lock.
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| CN103344614A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-10-09 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring atmospheric transmissivity at high precision |
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| CN103344614A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-10-09 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring atmospheric transmissivity at high precision |
| CN103727969A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-16 | 电子科技大学 | Delay pulse Raman amplification based distributed sensing system |
| CN103727969B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-08-17 | 电子科技大学 | Based on delay pulse Raman amplifiction distributed sensing system |
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| CN105092141B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2018-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Highly sensitive distributed hydrostatic pressure method for sensing |
| CN105241482A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-01-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Active fiber grating sensor wavelength demodulation system and method |
| CN107044862A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-08-15 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Hybrid fiber sensor-based system |
| CN107044862B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2023-09-05 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Hybrid fiber optic sensing system |
| CN110412538A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-11-05 | 苏州溯光科技信息有限公司 | Linear frequency sweep laser source and laser radar |
| CN110412538B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 苏州溯光科技信息有限公司 | Linear frequency-sweeping laser source and laser radar |
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