CN208270422U - Multicomponent gas monitors system and gas fibre-optical sensing device - Google Patents

Multicomponent gas monitors system and gas fibre-optical sensing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208270422U
CN208270422U CN201820113326.9U CN201820113326U CN208270422U CN 208270422 U CN208270422 U CN 208270422U CN 201820113326 U CN201820113326 U CN 201820113326U CN 208270422 U CN208270422 U CN 208270422U
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signal light
fiber
light
wave band
gas
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王寅
魏玉宾
王兆伟
刘统玉
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Laser Institute of Shandong Academy of Science
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Laser Institute of Shandong Academy of Science
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Abstract

The utility model embodiment provides a kind of multicomponent gas monitoring system and gas fibre-optical sensing device, is related to gas monitoring techniques field.System includes microcontroller, laser generator, multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Sets and gas fibre-optical sensing device.Gas fibre-optical sensing device is for detecting under test gas.Laser generator is used to export the signal light of multi beam different-waveband.The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted to gas fibre-optical sensing device, the signal light of a part of wave band is absorbed by the multiple gases in gas fibre-optical sensing device, and the signal light of another part wave band exports from gas fibre-optical sensing device and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band.The signal light that each Electro-Optical Sensor Set is used to the wave band that will be received is converted into the first electric signal and is sent to microcontroller.Microcontroller is used to be based on multiple first electric signals, obtains the concentration of each component under test gas, to realize while supervise each component under test gas.

Description

Multicomponent gas monitors system and gas fibre-optical sensing device
Technical field
The utility model relates to gas monitoring techniques field, in particular to a kind of multicomponent gas monitor system and Gas fibre-optical sensing device.
Background technique
Traditional gas Field Monitoring Technique means have catalysis burning, electrochemistry and infrared absorption spectrum etc..These skills The relevant sensor device of art method in monitoring field charging operation, itself be constitute fire and explosion accident inducement it One, belong to the technological means of non-intrinsically safe.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of multicomponent gases to monitor system and gas fibre-optical sensing device, in order to Realize that above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution that the utility model is taken are as follows:
In a first aspect, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of multicomponent gas monitoring system, including microcontroller, swash Light generating device, multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Sets and gas fibre-optical sensing device.The gas fibre-optical sensing device for detect to Survey gas.The under test gas includes multiple gases.The laser generator is used to export the signal light of multi beam different-waveband. The signal light and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set of the multi beam different-waveband correspond.The signal light of every beam wave band transmits To the gas fibre-optical sensing device, the signal light of a part of wave band is by the multiple gases in the gas fibre-optical sensing device It absorbs, the signal light of another part wave band exports from the gas fibre-optical sensing device and is transmitted to the signal light pair of the wave band The Electro-Optical Sensor Set answered.The signal light that each Electro-Optical Sensor Set is used to the wave band that will be received is converted to first Electric signal is simultaneously sent to the microcontroller.The microcontroller is used to be based on multiple first electric signals, obtain it is described to Survey the concentration of each component in gas.
Further, above-mentioned gas fibre-optical sensing device includes at least two fiber sensing modules, at least one delayer. At least two fiber sensing module includes the first fiber sensing module and the second fiber sensing module.It is described at least one prolong When device include the first delayer, first fiber sensing module passes through first delayer and the second Fibre Optical Sensor mould Block connection.First fiber sensing module is used to detect the multiple gases of the first monitoring point.Second fiber sensing module For detecting the multiple gases of the second monitoring point.The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted to first fiber sensing module Interior, the signal light of a part of wave band is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module, another part wave band Signal light in the first signal light in the first subsignal light by first fiber sensing module multiple gases absorb, The second subsignal light in first signal light exports from first fiber sensing module and is transmitted to the signal of the wave band The corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of light, the second signal light in the signal light of another part wave band pass through first delayer and pass Transport to second fiber sensing module.A part of second signal light is by a variety of gas in first fiber sensing module Body absorbs, and the third subsignal light in second signal light described in another part is successively by more in second fiber sensing module Multiple gases in kind gas, first fiber sensing module absorb, the 4th son in second signal light described in another part Signal light exports from first fiber sensing module and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band.
Further, above-mentioned first fiber sensing module includes the first photonic crystal fiber and the first fiber grating.It is described Second fiber sensing module includes the second photonic crystal fiber and the second fiber grating.First photonic crystal fiber successively leads to First fiber grating, first delayer, second photonic crystal fiber is crossed to connect with second fiber grating. The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted in first photonic crystal fiber, and the signal light of a part of wave band is by described the Multiple gases in one photonic crystal fiber absorb, the first son in the first signal light in the signal light of another part wave band Signal light is transmitted to first fiber grating, is reflected back in first photonic crystal fiber by first fiber grating, It is absorbed by the multiple gases in first photonic crystal fiber, the second subsignal light in first signal light is from described the One photonic crystal fiber exports and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band, the letter of another part wave band Second signal light in number light is transmitted in second photonic crystal fiber by first delayer.A part of described Binary signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in second photonic crystal fiber, the third in second signal light described in another part Subsignal light is transmitted to second fiber grating, is reflected back in second photonic crystal fiber by second fiber grating And in first photonic crystal fiber, successively by the multiple gases in second photonic crystal fiber, first photon Multiple gases in crystal optical fibre absorb, and the 4th subsignal light in second signal light described in another part is from first photon Crystal optical fibre exports and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band.
Further, above system further includes circulator and the first wavelength division multiplexer.The first end of the circulator and institute State laser generator connection.The second end of the circulator is connect with the gas fibre-optical sensing device.The circulator Third end is equal by first wavelength division multiplexer and each of the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set Electro-Optical Sensor Set Connection.The signal light of every beam wave band passes through the circulator and is transmitted to the gas fibre-optical sensing device, and a part should The signal light of wave band is absorbed by the multiple gases in the gas fibre-optical sensing device, and another part signal light is from the gas Fibre-optical sensing device output passes through the circulator, first wavelength division multiplexer again and is transmitted to the signal light correspondence of the wave band Electro-Optical Sensor Set.
Further, above-mentioned laser generator is also used to export the reference light of multi beam different-waveband.The multi beam is different The signal light of the reference light of wave band and the multi beam different-waveband corresponds.Every beam wave band of the laser generator output Signal light reference light corresponding with the signal light of the wave band light intensity between difference absolute value be less than preset value, it is described more The reference light of beam different-waveband and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set correspond.Each Electro-Optical Sensor Set is also used to The reference light of the wave band received is converted into the second electric signal and is sent to the microcontroller.The microcontroller is also used In being based on multiple first electric signals and multiple second electric signals, the concentration of each component in the under test gas is obtained.
Further, above-mentioned laser generator includes driving circuit, multiple lasers, the second wavelength division multiplexer and divides Beam device.The multiple laser and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set correspond.Each laser in the multiple laser The input terminal of device is electrically connected by the driving circuit with the microcontroller, each laser in the multiple laser Output end is connect with the first end of second wavelength division multiplexer.The second end of second wavelength division multiplexer and the beam splitter Input terminal connection.The laser beam of each laser output passes through second wavelength division multiplexer and is transmitted to described point Beam device, through the signal light reference light corresponding with a kind of signal light of the wave band that the beam splitter beam splitting is a wave band.
Further, above-mentioned laser generator further includes acousto-optic modulation switch.The first end of the acousto-optic modulation switch It is connect with the second end of second wavelength division multiplexer, the second end of the acousto-optic modulation switch and the input terminal of the beam splitter The third end of coupling, the acousto-optic modulation switch is electrically connected with the microcontroller.Acousto-optic modulation switch passes through described the Three ends obtain pulse control signal from the microcontroller, and are based on the pulse control signal, are periodically in open shape State or closed state, so that described in the laser beam of each laser output is transmitted to by second wavelength division multiplexer Beam splitter.
Further, above system further includes display module.The display module is electrically connected with the microcontroller.It is described Display module is used to show the concentration of each component in the under test gas.
Further, above system further includes data acquisition circuit.The data acquisition circuit respectively with microcontroller, every A Electro-Optical Sensor Set electrical connection.The data acquisition circuit is used under the control of the microcontroller, by each institute It states Electro-Optical Sensor Set and the signal light of the wave band received is converted into the first electric signal, and be sent to the microcontroller.
Second aspect, the utility model provide a kind of gas fibre-optical sensing device, including at least two Fibre Optical Sensor moulds Block, at least one delayer.At least two fiber sensing module includes the first fiber sensing module and the second Fibre Optical Sensor Module.At least one described delayer includes the first delayer, and first fiber sensing module passes through first delayer It is connect with second fiber sensing module.First fiber sensing module is used to detect the multiple gases of the first monitoring point. Second fiber sensing module is used to detect the multiple gases of the second monitoring point.The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted to institute It states in the first fiber sensing module, the signal light of a part of wave band is inhaled by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module It receives, the first subsignal light in the first signal light in the signal light of another part wave band is by first fiber sensing module Interior multiple gases absorb, and the second subsignal light in first signal light is exported and passed from first fiber sensing module The corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band is transported to, the second signal light in the signal light of another part wave band passes through First delayer is transmitted to second fiber sensing module.A part of second signal light is passed by first optical fiber The multiple gases felt in module absorb, and the third subsignal light in second signal light described in another part is successively by second light Multiple gases in multiple gases, first fiber sensing module in fine sensing module absorb, second described in another part The 4th subsignal light in signal light exported from first fiber sensing module and be transmitted to the wave band signal light it is corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of multicomponent gas monitoring system and gas fibre-optical sensing device, system packet Include microcontroller, laser generator, multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Sets and gas fibre-optical sensing device.The gas Fibre Optical Sensor dress It sets for detecting under test gas.The under test gas includes multiple gases.The laser generator is for exporting multi beam difference The signal light of wave band.The signal light and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set of the multi beam different-waveband correspond.Every beam wave band Signal light be transmitted to the gas fibre-optical sensing device, the signal light of a part of wave band is filled by the gas Fibre Optical Sensor Multiple gases in setting absorb, and the signal light of another part wave band exports from the gas fibre-optical sensing device and is transmitted to this The corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of the signal light of wave band.Each Electro-Optical Sensor Set is used to the letter for the wave band that will be received Number light is converted into the first electric signal and is sent to the microcontroller.The microcontroller is used for based on multiple first electricity Signal obtains the concentration of each component in the under test gas.The each group under test gas is detected by gas fibre-optical sensing device Point, realize while obtaining the concentration of each component under test gas.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to use required in embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of the utility model embodiment Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only some embodiments of the utility model, therefore should not be by Regard the restriction to range as, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, may be used also To obtain other relevant attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that the multicomponent gas that the utility model first embodiment provides monitors system；
Gas fibre-optical sensing device in the multicomponent gas monitoring system that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model first embodiment Structure chart；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the multicomponent gas monitoring method that the utility model second embodiment provides；
Fig. 4 is the structural block diagram for the multicomponent gas monitoring device that the utility model 3rd embodiment provides.
In figure: 10- system；11- microcontroller；12- laser generator；121- driving circuit；1221- first laser Device；1222- second laser；1223- third laser；The 4th laser of 1224-；The 5th laser of 1225-；The second wave of 123- Division multiplexer；124- beam splitter；125- acousto-optic modulation switch；13- Electro-Optical Sensor Set；The first photodetector of 1311-； The second photodetector of 1312-；1313- third photodetector；The 4th photodetector of 1314-；The 5th photodetection of 1315- Device；The first reference photodetector of 1321-；The second reference photodetector of 1322-；1323- third reference photodetector； The 4th reference photodetector of 1324-；The 5th reference photodetector of 1325-；14- gas fibre-optical sensing device；14a- detection Optical fiber；The first fiber sensing module of 141-；The first delayer of 141a-；The first photonic crystal fiber of 141b-；The first optical fiber of 141c- Grating；The second fiber sensing module of 142-；The second photonic crystal fiber of 142a-；The second fiber grating of 142b-；15- circulator； The first wavelength division multiplexer of 16-；The main wavelength division multiplexer of 161- first；162- first refers to wavelength division multiplexer；17- first conducts light It is fine；18- second conducts optical fiber；19- display module；191- data acquisition circuit.
Specific embodiment
It is practical new below in conjunction with this to keep the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer Attached drawing in type embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, it is clear that is retouched The embodiment stated is the utility model a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Usually here in attached drawing description and The component of the utility model embodiment shown can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, requirement is not intended to limit to the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below The scope of the utility model of protection, but it is merely representative of the selected embodiment of the utility model.Based in the utility model Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all Belong to the range of the utility model protection.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as term "inner", "outside" For be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the utility model product using when the orientation or position usually put Relationship is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must There must be specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.This Outside, term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, are not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is set Set ", " connection ", " electrical connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be fixed electrical connection, is also possible to detachably be electrically connected, or Integrally it is electrically connected；It can be mechanical electrical connection, be also possible to electric electrical connection；It can be directly connected, centre can also be passed through Medium is indirectly connected, and can be the connection inside two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can specific feelings Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
In addition, the terms such as " output ", " process ", " transmission " be understood as describing a kind of optics, electricity variation or optics, Electricity processing.As " output " only refers to optical signal or electric signal by having occurred optically after the equipment, instrument or device Or variation electrically, so that the optical signal or the electric signal are processed, and then obtain and implement technical solution or solution Signal required for technical problem.
In specific embodiment of the utility model attached drawing, it is in order to which more preferable, clearer description gas concentration monitors System interior each equipment, shows the passage logic of optical signal and electric signal in the system at the working principle of instrument and device, only bright The aobvious relative positional relationship distinguished between each equipment, instrument and device, can not be constituted to optical path, circuit direction and equipment instrument The restriction of device size, size, shape.
Optical fiber to the Old plant ability of extraneous environmental change and can be realized Distributed Multi while visited due to it The characteristics of survey, is the high-performance sensing optical device being currently widely adopted, and has huge application potential.Currently, using optical fiber The application example perceived to external environment parameters is concentrated mainly on the fields such as distributed temperature monitoring, pressure monitoring.But Inventor explores to current gas-monitoring field, in most cases, optical fiber as just optical signal transmission waveguide, gas Perception, detection occur in the special optical structure being made of reflecting mirror, and the gas that optical fiber itself is not engaged in essence is visited Among survey.Therefore, the advantages of high sensitivity and Distributed Multi of optical fiber monitor simultaneously is not filled in gas-monitoring Distribution is waved.Still lack the monitoring device that highly sensitive detection is carried out for multicomponent gas at present.
In view of this, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of multicomponent gas monitoring system and gas Fibre Optical Sensor dress It sets, optical fiber is participated in detection of gas, can effectively realize while monitoring multicomponent gas.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is please referred to, the present embodiment provides a kind of multicomponent gases to monitor system 10, may include microcontroller 11, swashs Light generating device 12, multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Sets 13 and gas fibre-optical sensing device 14.The gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 is used In detection under test gas.The under test gas includes multiple gases.The laser generator 12 is for exporting multi beam difference wave The signal light of section.The signal light of the multi beam different-waveband and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 correspond.A variety of every beams The signal light of wave band is transmitted to the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14, and the signal light of a part of wave band is by the gas Multiple gases in fibre-optical sensing device 14 absorb, and the signal light of another part wave band is from the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 Export and be transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of signal light of the wave band.Each Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 be used to by The signal light of the wave band received is converted into the first electric signal and is sent to the microcontroller 11.The microcontroller 11 For being based on multiple first electric signals, the concentration of each component in the under test gas is obtained.
Further, the laser generator 12 is also used to export the reference light of multi beam different-waveband.The laser produces Generating apparatus 12 may include driving circuit 121, multiple lasers (illustrate only 5 in Fig. 1), the second wavelength division multiplexer 123 And beam splitter 124.The multiple laser and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set correspond.Multiple lasers may include First laser device 1221, second laser 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th laser 1225. Each laser such as first laser device 1221, second laser 1222, third laser 1223, in the multiple laser Four lasers 1224 and the respective input terminal of the 5th laser 1225 pass through the driving circuit 121 and the microcontroller 11 It is electrically connected, each laser such as first laser device 1211, second laser 1222, the third laser in the multiple laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the respective output end of the 5th laser 1225 with second wavelength division multiplexer 123 One end connection.The second end of second wavelength division multiplexer 123 is connect with the input terminal of the beam splitter 124.It is each described sharp Light device such as first laser device 1221, second laser 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th laser 1225 laser beams respectively exported pass through second wavelength division multiplexer 123 and are transmitted to the beam splitter 124, through described point 124 beam splitting of beam device is a kind of a kind of signal light of wave band reference light corresponding with signal light of the wave band.The multi beam is not It is corresponded with the reference light of wave band and the signal light of the multi beam different-waveband.Every beam that the laser generator 12 exports The absolute value of difference between the signal light of wave band and the light intensity of the corresponding reference light of the signal light of the wave band is less than preset value.Its In, preset value is the value of a very little, close to 0.In the present embodiment, the light intensity of signal light and reference light is equal.Accordingly Ground, it is concurrent that the reference light for the wave band that each Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 is also used to receive is converted into the second electric signal It send to the microcontroller 11.The microcontroller 11 is also used to based on multiple first electric signals and multiple second electricity Signal obtains the concentration of each component in the under test gas.
It should be noted that as an implementation, the light intensity of the reference light of the multi beam different-waveband can be preparatory It is arranged and stored in microcontroller 11, and laser generator 12 does not need the reference light of output multi beam different-waveband at this time. For example, knowing the light of the signal light of a branch of different-waveband in the signal light for the multi beam different-waveband that beam splitter 124 exports in advance When being 1mW by force, the light intensity of the corresponding reference light of signal light of the beam different-waveband can be stored in advance in microcontroller 11 For 1mW.Certainly, in order to improve the stability of gas concentration monitoring system 10, laser generator 12 is different in addition to generating multi beam Other than the signal light of wave band, it is also necessary to generate the reference light of multi beam different-waveband.
Referring to Fig. 1, the impulse modulation of the laser beam in order to realize each laser output, the laser generator 12 can also include acousto-optic modulation switch 125.The first end of the acousto-optic modulation switch 125 and second wavelength division multiplexer 123 second end connection, the second end of the acousto-optic modulation switch 125 are coupled with the input terminal of the beam splitter 124, the sound The third end of light modulation switch 125 is electrically connected with the microcontroller 11.The acousto-optic modulation switch 125 passes through the third end Pulse control signal is obtained from the microcontroller 11, and is based on the pulse control signal, it is periodically in the open state Or closed state, so that the laser beam of each laser 122 output is transmitted to by second wavelength division multiplexer 123 The beam splitter 124.
Specifically, microcontroller 11 sends stair-stepping period number to driving circuit 121 as the period using certain time interval T and believes Number.Driving circuit 121 converts the stair-stepping periodic digital signal received to the sawtooth wave intended using time T as modulus of periodicity Sweep current signal, and each laser such as first laser device 1221, are constantly sent by sawtooch sweep current signal Dual-laser device 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th laser 1225 input terminal.For example, first The input terminal of laser 1221 can be the control electric current input pin of first laser device 1211, and driving circuit 121 will receive Stair-stepping periodic digital signal be converted into the sawtooch sweep current signal intended using time T as modulus of periodicity, and by sawtooth Wave sweep current signal is continuously injected into the control electric current input pin of first laser device 1221.First laser device 1221 is being sawed Under the control of tooth wave sweep current signal, periodically continue the scanning laser light beam of output wavelength from short to long.Second laser The workflow and first laser device of device 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th laser 1225 1221 is similar, and which is not described herein again.
When the high level in the pulse control signal of the microcontroller 11 arrives, 125 dozens, acousto-optic modulation switch are controlled It opens, to allow each laser first laser device 1221, second laser 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th the laser beam that respectively exports of laser 1225 by the second wavelength division multiplexer 123 enter same root single-mode optics Fibre again passes by the acousto-optic modulation switch 125 and is transmitted to beam splitter 124, through the beam splitter 124 can using beam splitting as multi beam not Benchmark light output is corresponded to the signal light of wave band and the signal light of each wave band；When the pulse control signal of the microcontroller 11 In low level arrive when, control acousto-optic modulation switch 125 closing, not allow laser beam to pass through.With this to laser beam Inhibit with height loss, realizes the impulse modulation to laser beam.
In the present embodiment, under test gas may include multiple gases, correspondingly, in the number and under test gas of laser Gaseous species it is consistent.For example, correspondingly, multiple lasers are 5 in order to monitor the concentration of 5 kinds of gas under test gas Laser, that is, first laser device 1221, second laser 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th laser Device 1225.4 kinds of gases are respectively methane, ethane, propane butane and pentane, and the corresponding laser of every kind of gas is each to swash Light device exports the laser beam of the absorbent core wavelength of the corresponding gas of the laser.For example, the correspondence of first laser device 1221 is defeated Central wavelength is the laser beam of 1653.7nm out；The laser light that the corresponding output center wavelength of second laser 1222 is 1684nm Beam；The laser beam that the corresponding output center wavelength of third laser 1223 is 1691nm；In the corresponding output of 4th laser 1224 The laser beam of a length of 2330nm of cardiac wave；The laser beam that the corresponding output center wavelength of 5th laser 1225 is 3370nm.
Further, in order to guarantee laser works under reasonable temperature, laser generator 12 can also include swashing Light device temperature control circuit.The laser temperature control circuit respectively with the microcontroller 11, each laser such as first laser device 1221, second laser 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th laser 1225 are electrically connected.Swash Light device temperature control circuit includes comparison circuit.For example, setting first laser device by taking a laser such as first laser device 1221 as an example 1221 normal working temperature is 10-40 DEG C, and microcontroller 11 controls laser temperature control circuit detection first laser device 1221 Temperature, the comparison circuit compares the temperature of first laser device 1221 at this time and set point temperatures value, if first laser device 1221 Temperature at this time is 8 DEG C, then laser temperature control circuit can adjust, so that the temperature of first laser device 121 slowly rises to just In normal operating temperature range, preset normal temperature T1 can also be risen to；If the temperature of first laser device 1221 at this time It is 45 DEG C, then laser temperature control circuit can adjust, so that the temperature of first laser device 1221 slowly drops to normal work temperature It spends in range, preset normal temperature T2 can also be descended to, in this way, guaranteeing the work of first laser device 1221 reasonable Temperature.Second laser 1222, third laser 1223, the 4th laser 1224 and the 5th laser 1225 workflow with First laser device 1221 is similar, and which is not described herein again.
In the present embodiment, laser such as first laser device 1221, second laser 1222, third laser 1223, Four lasers 1224 and the 5th laser 1225 all can be semiconductor laser with tunable, such as tunable semiconductor DFB (Distributed Feedback Laser) laser.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are please referred to, the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 may include at least two Fibre Optical Sensor moulds Block, at least one delayer.The gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 can also include detection optical fiber 14a.At least two light Fine sensing module and at least one delayer are all set in the detection optical fiber 14a.At least two fiber sensing modules are successively Arranged distribution is in the detection optical fiber 14a, and by a delayer connection between each adjacent two fibre optical sensor module, It is arranged in gas Optical Fiber Sensing Array.Each fibre optical sensor module is used to detect the under test gas of a monitoring point.Optical fiber passes The number of sense module can be arranged according to actual needs, and correspondingly, the number of delayer is that the number of fiber sensing module subtracts 1.For example, needing to monitor the concentration of the under test gas of N number of monitoring point, at least two light in multicomponent gas monitoring system 10 Fine sensing module includes at least N number of fiber sensing module, and correspondingly, at least one delayer includes at least N-1 delayer.
At least two fiber sensing module may include the first fiber sensing module 141 and the second fiber sensing module 142.First fiber sensing module 141 is connected by the first delayer 141a and second fiber sensing module 142 It connects.First fiber sensing module 141, the second fiber sensing module 142 and the first delayer 141a are all set in the detection light In fine 14a.
First fiber sensing module 141 is used to detect the multiple gases of the first monitoring point.Second Fibre Optical Sensor Module 142 is used to detect the multiple gases of the second monitoring point.
The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted in first fiber sensing module 141, the letter of a part of wave band Number light is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module 141, first in the signal light of another part wave band The first subsignal light in signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module 141, first signal The second subsignal light in light exports from first fiber sensing module 141 and is transmitted to the corresponding light of signal light of the wave band Electric detection device 13, the second signal light in the signal light of another part wave band are transmitted to by the first delayer 141a Second fiber sensing module 142；
A part of second signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module 141, another portion Divide the third subsignal light in the second signal light successively by the multiple gases in second fiber sensing module 142, institute The multiple gases stated in the first fiber sensing module 141 absorb, the 4th subsignal light in second signal light described in another part The corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of signal light of the wave band is exported and is transmitted to from first fiber sensing module 141.
Further, each fiber sensing module may include photonic crystal fiber and connect with the photonic crystal fiber Fiber grating.Using fiber grating-photonic crystals optical fiber structure, instead of traditional absorption gas chamber, so that whole system 10 Integrated higher, performance is also more stable therewith, and price is cheaper.
As a kind of specific embodiment, fiber grating can be chirped fiber grating, in detection optical fiber 14a, lead to The inscription that femto-second laser processing technology realizes optical fiber punching and grating is crossed, realizes photonic crystal fiber and chirped fiber light respectively The production of grid.
First fiber sensing module 141 may include the first photonic crystal fiber 141b and the first fiber grating 141c.Second fiber sensing module 142 may include the second photonic crystal fiber 142a and the second fiber grating 142b.Institute It states the first photonic crystal fiber 141b and passes sequentially through the first fiber grating 141c, the first delayer 141a, described Two photonic crystal fiber 142a are connect with the second fiber grating 142b.
The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b, the letter of a part of wave band Number light is absorbed by the multiple gases in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b, first in the signal light of another part wave band The first subsignal light in signal light is transmitted to the first fiber grating 141c, is reflected back by the first fiber grating 141c It in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b, is absorbed by the multiple gases in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b, described the The second subsignal light in one signal light exports from the first photonic crystal fiber 141b and is transmitted to the signal light of the wave band Corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13, the second signal light in the signal light of another part wave band pass through first delayer 141a is transmitted in the second photonic crystal fiber 142a；
A part of second signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in the second photonic crystal fiber 142a, another portion The third subsignal light in the second signal light is divided to be transmitted to the second fiber grating 142b, by second fiber grating 142b be reflected back in the second photonic crystal fiber 142a and the first photonic crystal fiber 141b in, successively by described the Multiple gases in multiple gases, the first photonic crystal fiber 141b in two photonic crystal fiber 142a absorb, another The 4th subsignal light in the second signal light of part exports from the first photonic crystal fiber 141b and is transmitted to the wave The corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of signal light of section.
Further, referring to Fig. 1, the system 10 can also include circulator 15 and the first wavelength division multiplexer 16.Institute The first end for stating circulator 15 is connect with the laser generator 12, the second end of the circulator 15 and the gas optical fiber Sensing device 14 connects, and the third end of the circulator 15 passes through first wavelength division multiplexer 16 and the multiple photodetection Each of device 13 Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 is all connected with.
The signal light of every beam wave band passes through the circulator 15 and is transmitted to the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14, and one Partially the signal light of the wave band is absorbed by the multiple gases in the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14, the letter of another part wave band Number light is exported from the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 and by the circulator 15, first wavelength division multiplexer 16 and is transmitted again To the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of signal light of the wave band.Further, the first end of the circulator 15 and the beam splitting The output end of device 124 connects, and the detection optical fiber 14a of the second end of the circulator 15 and the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 connects It connects.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are please referred to, in system 10, needs to monitor M concentration of component in the under test gas of N number of monitoring point, At least two fiber sensing modules include at least N number of fiber sensing module, respectively the first fiber sensing module 141, the second light Fine sensing module 142 ... N-1 fiber sensing module and N fiber sensing module.Correspondingly, N-1 delay is included at least Device, respectively the first delayer 141a, the second delayer ... N-1 delayer.H indicates hole, and F1 indicates N-1 Fibre Optical Sensor Module, F2 indicate that N-1 delayer, F3 indicate N fiber sensing module.With the laser beam of the wave band of laser output For the signal light reference light corresponding with the signal light of the wave band for being divided into the wave band by beam splitter 124, the signal of the wave band The light intensity of light and reference light is equal, respectively accounts for 50%, and the signal light of the wave band and the light intensity of reference light are I10.The system 10 is also It may include the first conduction optical fiber 17 and the second conduction optical fiber 18.First wavelength division multiplexer 16 may include the first main wavelength-division multiplex Device 161 and first refers to wavelength division multiplexer 162.
Light intensity is I10The wave band reference light by first conduction optical fiber 17, first with reference to wavelength division multiplexer 162 transmit To the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of reference light of the wave band.Light intensity is I0It is brilliant that the signal light of wave band is transmitted to first photon In body optical fiber 141b, the signal light of the wave band includes the signal light of the signal light and another part of a part of wave band wave band, The signal light of a part of wave band is absorbed by the multiple gases in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b, another part wave band Signal light include the first signal light and second signal light, the light intensity of the signal light of another part wave band is I11', another part The first subsignal light in the first signal light in the signal light of the wave band is transmitted to the first fiber grating 141c, the first letter The light intensity of number light is I11′r1, it is reflected back in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b by the first fiber grating 141c, by institute It states multiple gases in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b to absorb, the second subsignal light in first signal light is from described the One photonic crystal fiber 141b output is by circulator 15 and the first main wavelength division multiplexer 161 and the signal light for being transmitted to the wave band Corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13, the light intensity of the second subsignal light are I11, the second subsignal light is defined as first echo signal；
The light intensity of the second signal light is I11′t1, the second signal light in the signal light of another part wave band passes through The first delayer 141a is transmitted in the second photonic crystal fiber 142a；A part of second signal light is described Multiple gases in second photonic crystal fiber 142a absorb, and the third subsignal light in second signal light described in another part passes The second fiber grating 142b is transported to, the second photonic crystal fiber 142a is reflected back by the second fiber grating 142b In the interior and described first photonic crystal fiber 141b, successively by the multiple gases in the second photonic crystal fiber 142a, institute The multiple gases stated in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b absorb, the 4th subsignal light in second signal light described in another part The second conduction optical fiber 18, the first main wavelength-division multiplex are inducted into from the first photonic crystal fiber 141b output by circulator 15 Device 161 and the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of the signal light for being transmitted to the wave band, the light intensity of the 4th subsignal light are I2, the 4th son Signal light is defined as second echo signal ... ..., and so on, signal light energy attenuation, second signal light described in another part Light intensity be I12', it is I ' that corresponding decaying, which has light intensity,12r2Part light, light intensity be I '12t2Part light, to N-1 Fibre Optical Sensor Module, light intensity are I 'in-1、I′in-1rn-1、I′in-1tn-1Part light, to N fiber sensing module, light intensity is I 'in-1、I′in- 1rn-1、I′in-1tn-1Part light, N echo-signal, that is, I 'in(n=1,2 ... N, i=1,2 ... M), due to the delay of setting Device, each echo-signal, that is, first echo signal, second echo signal ..., N echo-signal I 'in(n=1,2 ... N, i= 1,2 ... M) it is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of signal light of the wave band in different times.
Gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 forms linear array and is distributed on whole optical fiber using optical fiber as carrier, and with optical fiber It is distributed among the layout path of optical fiber, is truly realized gas multiple spot Distributed Detection mode.Using optical time-domain analysis technology, Beam of laser pulse can realize multiple monitoring points while detect, and greatly improve light source utilization efficiency.So that whole system 10 is integrated Degreeization is higher, and performance is also more stable therewith, and price is cheaper.
It is understood that fiber sensing module such as N fiber sensing module and the first fiber sensing module 141, second The most important difference of fiber sensing module 142 is that the monitoring point placed is different, fiber sensing module and the first Fibre Optical Sensor mould Block 141,142 structure of the second fiber sensing module are identical, and the principle being related to is also consistent, and which is not described herein again.At least one prolongs When the most important difference of device such as N-1 delayer and the first delayer 141a be that the monitoring point placed is different, at least one prolongs When device it is identical as the structure of the first delayer 141a, the principle being related to is also consistent, and which is not described herein again.
As shown in Figure 1, multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Sets 13 may include 5 Electro-Optical Sensor Sets 13.Each photodetection dress Setting 13 may include 2 photodetectors.Photodetector can be, but be not limited to infrared photoelectric detector.Multiple photoelectricity are visited Surveying device 13 includes the first photodetector 1311, first benchmark photodetection corresponding with first photodetector 1311 Device 1321, the second photodetector 1312, second reference photodetector corresponding with second photodetector 1312 1322, third photodetector 1313, third reference photodetector 1323 corresponding with the third photodetector 1313, 4th photodetector 1314, the 4th reference photodetector the 1324, the 5th corresponding with the 4th photodetector 1311 Photodetector 1314, the 5th reference photodetector 1325 corresponding with the 5th photodetector 1315.First photoelectricity Detector 1311 corresponds to first laser device 1221.Second photodetector 1312 corresponds to second laser 1222.Third photoelectricity is visited Survey the corresponding third laser 1223 of device 1313.4th photodetector 1314 corresponds to first laser device 1224.5th photodetection Device 1315 corresponds to first laser device 1225.
With the first photodetector 1311, first reference photodetector corresponding with first photodetector 1311 For 1321.In gas concentration monitoring system 10, need to monitor the M kind gas component concentrations of the under test gas of N number of monitoring point, Each first electric signal include the first subsignal, the second subsignal ..., N subsignal.Wherein, the first benchmark photodetection Device 1321 is used to receive the reference light of the wave band of first laser device output, and converts the second telecommunications for the reference light of the wave band Number.The signal light that first photodetector 1311 is used to receive the wave band of first laser device output in different time is corresponding each Echo-signal, and by each echo-signal received it is corresponding be converted into the first subsignal, the second subsignal ..., N believes Number.
Further, system 10 can also include display module 19.The display module 19 and 11 electricity of microcontroller Connection.The display module 19 is used to show the concentration of each component of each monitoring point under test gas.Microcontroller 11 is at Reason the first subsignal of multiple groups, the second subsignal ... N subsignal and the second electric signal obtain the under test gas of each monitoring point Each component concentration, then issue display module 19 with show.For example, display module 19 can show each monitoring point methane, The concentration of ethane, propane, butane and pentane.
Further, system 10 can also include data acquisition circuit 191.Data acquisition circuit 191 respectively with microcontroller Device 11, each Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 are electrically connected.Under the control of microcontroller 11, data acquisition circuit 191 is by each photoelectricity Signal light, the reference light for the wave band that detection device 13 receives are converted to the first electric signal and the second electric signal, and are sent to micro- Controller 11.
In addition, system 10 can also include alarm module, alarm module is electrically connected with microcontroller 11.Microcontroller 11 is also For sending alarm command to the alarm module when certain concentration of component of obtained under test gas is greater than preset threshold；Report Alert module is alarmed after receiving the alarm command.Wherein, preset threshold can be according to each component concentration of under test gas Threshold value setting.For example, alarm module can be audio alert or sound-light alarm.
The working principle of multicomponent gas monitoring system 10 provided by the embodiment of the utility model is as follows:
Need to monitor M concentration of component in the under test gas of N number of monitoring point, at least two fiber sensing modules include at least N A fiber sensing module, respectively the first fiber sensing module 141, the second fiber sensing module 142 ... N-1 Fibre Optical Sensor Module and N fiber sensing module.Correspondingly, at least one delayer includes at least N-1 delayer, the respectively first delay Device 141a, the second delayer ... N-1 delayer.H indicates hole, and F1 indicates that N-1 fiber sensing module, F2 indicate N-1 Delayer, F3 indicate N fiber sensing module.Divided with the laser beam of the wave band of laser output by beam splitter 124 For the signal light of the wave band and the corresponding reference light of the signal light of the wave band, the signal light of the wave band and the light intensity of reference light It is equal, 50% is respectively accounted for, the signal light of the wave band and the light intensity of reference light are I10.The system 10 can also include the first conduction Optical fiber 17 and the second conduction optical fiber 18.First wavelength division multiplexer 16 may include the first main wavelength division multiplexer 161 and the first reference Wavelength division multiplexer 162.
Light intensity is I10The wave band reference light by first conduction optical fiber 17, first with reference to wavelength division multiplexer 162 transmit To the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of reference light of the wave band.Light intensity is I0The signal light of wave band is transmitted to first light In photonic crystal fiber 141b, signal light includes the signal light of the signal light and another part of a part of wave band wave band, and one The signal light of the wave band is divided to be absorbed by the multiple gases in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b, the letter of another part wave band Number light includes the first signal light and second signal light, and the light intensity of the signal light of another part wave band is I11', another part wave The first subsignal light in the first signal light in the signal light of section is transmitted to the first fiber grating 141c, the first signal light Light intensity be I11′r1, it is reflected back in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b by the first fiber grating 141c, by described Multiple gases in one photonic crystal fiber 141b absorb, and the second subsignal light in first signal light is from first light Photonic crystal fiber 141b output is by circulator 15 and the first main wavelength division multiplexer 161 and is transmitted to the corresponding photoelectricity of the signal light Detection device 13, the light intensity of the second subsignal light are I11, the second subsignal light is defined as first echo signal；
The light intensity of the second signal light is I11′t1, the second signal light in the signal light of another part wave band passes through The first delayer 141a is transmitted in the second photonic crystal fiber 142a；A part of second signal light is described Multiple gases in second photonic crystal fiber 142a absorb, and the third subsignal light in second signal light described in another part passes The second fiber grating 142b is transported to, the second photonic crystal fiber 142a is reflected back by the second fiber grating 142b In the interior and described first photonic crystal fiber 141b, successively by the multiple gases in the second photonic crystal fiber 142a, institute The multiple gases stated in the first photonic crystal fiber 141b absorb, the 4th subsignal light in second signal light described in another part The second conduction optical fiber 18, the first main wavelength-division multiplex are inducted into from the first photonic crystal fiber 141b output by circulator 15 Device 161 and the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of the signal light for being transmitted to the wave band, the light intensity of the 4th subsignal light are I2, the 4th son Signal light is defined as second echo signal ... ..., and so on, signal light energy attenuation, second signal light described in another part Light intensity be I12', it is I ' that corresponding decaying, which has light intensity,12r2Part light, light intensity be I '12t2Part light, to N-1 Fibre Optical Sensor Module, light intensity are I 'in-1、I′in-1rn-1、I′in-1tn-1Part light, to N fiber sensing module, light intensity is I 'in、I′inrn's Part light, N echo-signal, that is, I 'in(n=1,2 ... N, i=1,2 ... M), due to the delayer of setting, each echo-signal I.e. first echo signal, second echo signal ..., N echo-signal I 'in(n=1,2 ... N, i=1,2 ... M) in difference Time tranfer to the wave band the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of signal light.
The corresponding reference light of signal light of signal light and respective wave band based on multi beam different-waveband passes through the gas light Fiber sensing equipment 14 obtains at least one echo-signal, that is, I ' of multiple groupsin(n=1,2 ... N, i=1,2 ... M), I 'in(n=1, 2 ... N, i=1,2 ... M) indicate n-th of monitoring point, the energy value of the echo-signal of i-th of wave band.
The corresponding photodetector of the signal light of the wave band receives each echo-signal in different time, and will receive Each echo-signal is corresponding be converted into the first subsignal, the second subsignal ..., N subsignal.The signal light of the wave band is corresponding The photodetector of reference light convert the second electric signal for the reference light.
Microcontroller 11 is obtained according to each of multiple first electric signals got first electric signal The energy value of at least one echo-signal, wherein the energy value of each echo-signal corresponds to the gas Fibre Optical Sensor Uptake of the multiple gases of at least one monitoring point in device 14 to the signal light of the wave band；Based on described in multiple groups at least one The energy value of a echo-signal and preset recursive rule obtain at least one monitoring point in the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 The under test gas in each component concentration.
Microcontroller 11 is also by processing the first subsignal of multiple groups, the second subsignal ... N subsignal and the second telecommunications The each component concentration of the multiple gases of each monitoring point number is obtained, then issues display module 19 to show.Microcontroller 11 also when When certain concentration of component of obtained under test gas is greater than preset threshold, alarm command is sent to the alarm module；Alarm module It alarms after receiving the alarm command.To realize that the under test gas multicomponent to each monitoring point carries out high sensitivity Quantitative analysis, Distributed Multi monitor simultaneously, and have can long-time steady operation and essential safety important feature.
A kind of multicomponent gas provided by the embodiment of the utility model monitors system 10, may include microcontroller 11, swashs Light generating device 12, multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Sets 13 and gas fibre-optical sensing device 14.The gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 is used In detection under test gas.The under test gas includes multiple gases.The laser generator 12 is for exporting multi beam difference wave The signal light of section.The signal light of the multi beam different-waveband and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 correspond.Every beam wave band The signal light be transmitted to the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14, the signal light of a part of wave band is by the gas optical fiber Multiple gases in sensing device 14 absorb, and the signal light of another part wave band is exported from the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14 And it is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 of the signal light.What each Electro-Optical Sensor Set 13 was used to receive is somebody's turn to do The signal light of wave band is converted into the first electric signal and is sent to the microcontroller 11.The microcontroller 11 is used for based on more A first electric signal, obtains the concentration of each component in the under test gas.To realize the gas to be measured to each monitoring point Body multicomponent carries out high sensitivity quantitation analysis, Distributed Multi monitors simultaneously, and having can long-time steady operation and essence The important feature of safety.
Second embodiment
Referring to Fig. 3, the utility model implementation provides a kind of multicomponent gas monitoring method, applied to above-mentioned system Microcontroller in, the method may include step S200 and step S210.
Step S200: according to each of multiple first electric signals got first electric signal obtain to The energy value of a few echo-signal, wherein the energy value of each echo-signal is filled corresponding to the gas Fibre Optical Sensor Uptake of the multiple gases of at least one monitoring point in setting to the signal light of the wave band.
Need to monitor M concentration of component in the under test gas of N number of monitoring point, signal light based on multi beam different-waveband and respectively The corresponding reference light of signal light obtains at least one echo-signal of multiple groups I ' by the gas fibre-optical sensing device 14in(n= 1,2 ... N, i=1,2 ... M), indicate the energy value of the echo-signal of n-th of i-th of monitoring point wave band.
The corresponding photodetector of the signal light of the wave band receives each echo-signal in different time, and will receive Each echo-signal is corresponding be converted into the first subsignal, the second subsignal ..., N subsignal.The signal light of the wave band is corresponding The photodetector of reference light convert the second electric signal for the reference light of the wave band.
Microcontroller 11 is by the first subsignal of processing, the second subsignal ... N subsignal and the second electric signal to obtain To the energy value of at least one echo-signal, wherein the energy value of each echo-signal is passed corresponding to the gas optical fiber Uptake of the multiple gases of at least one monitoring point in induction device 14 to signal light.
It is succinct to describe, by taking the signal light and reference light of the wave band that first laser device 1221 exports as an example, it will acquire To the reference light of the wave band shine directly into the first reference photodetector 1321 and the second electrical signal intensity definition for generating For I10.The second electric signal that the reference light for the wave band that will acquire shines directly into the first photodetector 1321 and generates is strong Degree be irradiated to the first photodetector 1311 with the first echo signal at least one described echo-signal and generate first The ratio of subsignal intensity is defined as the energy value i.e. I of first echo signal11.It is understood that the energy of first echo signal Magnitude can characterize the common absorption of the multiple gases of the first monitoring point at least one monitoring point to the signal light of the wave band Amount.
The reference light that will acquire the wave band shines directly into the first reference photodetector 1321 and the second electricity of generation Second echo signal in signal strength and at least one described echo-signal is irradiated to the first photodetector 1311 and generates The second subsignal intensity ratio, be defined as the energy value i.e. I of second echo signal12.The energy value of second echo signal can To characterize the multiple gases of the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point at least one monitoring point being total to the signal light of the wave band Same uptake.... and so on, the reference light that will acquire shine directly into the second photodetector 132 and generate second N echo-signal in electrical signal intensity and at least one described echo-signal is irradiated to the first photodetector 1311 and generates N subsignal intensity ratio, be defined as the energy value i.e. I of N echo-signaln.The energy value of N echo-signal can be with table The multiple gases of the first monitoring point at least one monitoring point, the second monitoring point ... and the monitoring point N are levied to the wave band The common uptake of signal light.The energy value of at least one echo-signal includes In(n=1,2 ... N).
Step S210: energy value and preset recursive rule based at least one echo-signal described in multiple groups obtain institute State the concentration of each component in the under test gas of at least one monitoring point gas fibre-optical sensing device Nei.
According to lambert-beer law, the preset recursive rule are as follows:
In analytic expression (1), Iin(n=1,2 ... N, i=1,2 ..., M) is the m kind in the under test gas of n-th of monitoring point The energy value of gas component, the echo-signal of i-th wave band.αinm、tn、βin、rn(n=1,2 ... N, i=1,2 ... M, m=1, 2 ... M) it is preset constant, cnmFor n-th of monitoring point, the concentration of the m gas component under test gas.αinmFor at i-th Wave band, n-th of monitoring point, m kind gas component spectral absorption constant.βinLight for i-th of wave band, at n-th of monitoring point Dissipation constant.
By the system of linear equations of analytic expression (1), finally can inverting obtain each gas component concentrations at n-th of monitoring point cn1,cn2…,cnmMeet in i-th of wave band:
In expression formula (2),For each gas at n-th of monitoring point Synthesis Absorption Characteristics of the component in i-th of wave band.
At i-th of wave band, n-th of monitoring point, each one-component standard gas of known concentration is detected and passed through respectively The demodulation of optical time domain echo-signal obtains each standard gas respective absorption spectrum.Each one-component standard gas concentration is respectively c1,c2…,cm, Corresponding acquired standard absorption spectrum is respectively Sin1,Sin2…,Sinm.It is identical with this, above-mentioned step is repeated to other spectral bands Suddenly, its respective standard absorption spectrum is respectively obtained.
For obtaining 5 sections of absorption spectrums using 5 semiconductor lasers, for each monitoring point n, multi beam wave band is closed And constitute standard absorption spectral vector group Sn1,Sn2…,Snm, wherein Multi beam waveband grooming is constituted into reference spectra Vector Groups I for each monitoring point n0, whereinFor each Multi beam waveband grooming is constituted echo impulse spectral vector group I by monitoring point nn,
According to lambert-beer law, each component absorption spectrum intensity is directly proportional to its concentration, convolution (2), multiple groups It is dense with each component concentration at monitoring point and corresponding standard gas that synthesis absorption spectrum of the fission at n-th of monitoring point is equal to standard spectrum The ratio of degree is that weight the sum of is overlapped:
WithFor variable vector, parsing is fitted by least square method and is obtainedAgain Each gas component concentrations c at n-th of monitoring pointn1,cn2…,cnm.Since standard gas concentration point is respectively c1,c2…,cmIt is known that most Each gas component concentrations c at available n-th of monitoring point eventuallyn1,cn2…,cnm, whereinFor each monitoring point It repeats the above process, the concentration of each gas component in each monitoring point may finally be obtained.
When calculating the concentration of each gas component under test gas, by spectrum analysis algorithm, extract in scanning optical spectrum Gas sorption features peak, deduct as decay factor and caused by spectral background, to realize extraction, only to carry under test gas dense The absorption spectrum for spending information, completes accurately calculating for gas concentration.It should be noted that by the reflected arteries and veins of the n-th fiber grating Laser beam will between the (n-1)th fiber grating and the n-th fiber grating roundtrip, and have faint energy transmission by (n-1)th Fiber grating, the n-th -2 fiber grating ... the 1st fiber grating reaches the photosurface of photodetector, and causes to respond.But Such signal is very faint compared with above-mentioned primary event signal, can be ignored, and this signal shows time domain and continuously divides Cloth feature is easily fitted scheduling algorithm by spectral background and deducts.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the multiple groups of foregoing description Divide the specific work process of gas monitoring method, can be with reference to the corresponding process in aforementioned system embodiment, details are not described herein.
A kind of gas concentration monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the utility model is realized applied to above-mentioned system to each The each component of the under test gas of a monitoring point carries out high sensitivity quantitation analysis, Distributed Multi monitors simultaneously, and has and can grow The important feature of time stable operation and essential safety.
3rd embodiment
Referring to Fig. 4, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of multicomponent gas monitoring device 300, run on described System microcontroller in, the multicomponent gas monitoring device 300 may include acquiring unit 310 and processing unit 320.
Acquiring unit 310, for according to each of multiple first electric signals got first electric signal Obtain the energy value of at least one echo-signal, wherein the energy value of each echo-signal corresponds to the gas light Uptake of the multiple gases of at least one monitoring point in fiber sensing equipment to the signal light of the wave band.
Processing unit 320, for energy value and preset recursive rule based at least one echo-signal described in multiple groups, Obtain the concentration of each component in the under test gas of at least one monitoring point gas fibre-optical sensing device Nei.
The above each unit can be by software code realization, at this point, above-mentioned each unit can be stored in microcontroller 11 In included memory.The above each unit can equally be realized by hardware such as IC chip.
The technology of multicomponent gas monitoring device 300 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, realization principle and generation is imitated Fruit is identical with preceding method embodiment, and to briefly describe, Installation practice part does not refer to place, can refer to preceding method implementation Corresponding contents in example.
The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the utility model, for this For the technical staff in field, various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention.It is all in the spirit and principles of the utility model Within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of multicomponent gas monitors system, which is characterized in that visited including microcontroller, laser generator, multiple photoelectricity Device and gas fibre-optical sensing device are surveyed, the gas fibre-optical sensing device is for detecting under test gas, the under test gas packet Include multiple gases；
The laser generator is used to export the signal light of multi beam different-waveband, the signal light of the multi beam different-waveband and institute Multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Sets are stated to correspond；
The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted to the gas fibre-optical sensing device, and the signal light of a part of wave band is by the gas Multiple gases in body fibre-optical sensing device absorb, and the signal light of another part wave band is defeated from the gas fibre-optical sensing device Out and it is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band；
It is concurrent that the signal light that each Electro-Optical Sensor Set is used to the wave band that will be received is converted into the first electric signal It send to the microcontroller；
The microcontroller is used to be based on multiple first electric signals, obtains the concentration of each component in the under test gas；
The gas fibre-optical sensing device include at least two fiber sensing modules, at least one delayer, described at least two Fiber sensing module includes the first fiber sensing module and the second fiber sensing module, at least one described delayer includes first Delayer, first fiber sensing module are connect by first delayer with second fiber sensing module；
First fiber sensing module is used to detect the multiple gases of the first monitoring point；
Second fiber sensing module is used to detect the multiple gases of the second monitoring point；
The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted in first fiber sensing module, and the signal light of a part of wave band is by institute It states multiple gases in the first fiber sensing module to absorb, the in the first signal light in the signal light of another part wave band One subsignal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module, the second subsignal in first signal light Light exports from first fiber sensing module and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band, another part Second signal light in the signal light of the wave band is transmitted to second fiber sensing module by first delayer；
A part of second signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module, the described in another part Third subsignal light in binary signal light is successively passed by the multiple gases in second fiber sensing module, first optical fiber The multiple gases felt in module absorb, and the 4th subsignal light in second signal light described in another part is passed from first optical fiber Sense module exports and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first fiber sensing module includes the first photonic crystal Optical fiber and the first fiber grating, second fiber sensing module include the second photonic crystal fiber and the second fiber grating, institute It states the first photonic crystal fiber and passes sequentially through first fiber grating, first delayer, the second photonic crystal light It is fine to be connect with second fiber grating；
The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted in first photonic crystal fiber, and the signal light of a part of wave band is by institute It states multiple gases in the first photonic crystal fiber to absorb, the in the first signal light in the signal light of another part wave band One subsignal light is transmitted to first fiber grating, is reflected back first photonic crystal fiber by first fiber grating It is interior, it is absorbed by the multiple gases in first photonic crystal fiber, the second subsignal light in first signal light is from institute State the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light that the first photonic crystal fiber exports and is transmitted to the wave band, another part wave band Signal light in second signal light be transmitted in second photonic crystal fiber by first delayer；
A part of second signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in second photonic crystal fiber, the described in another part Third subsignal light in binary signal light is transmitted to second fiber grating, is reflected back described by second fiber grating In two photonic crystal fibers and in first photonic crystal fiber, successively by a variety of gas in second photonic crystal fiber Multiple gases in body, first photonic crystal fiber absorb, the 4th subsignal in second signal light described in another part Light exports from first photonic crystal fiber and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band.
3. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes circulators and the first wavelength-division multiplex Device, the first end of the circulator are connect with the laser generator, the second end of the circulator and the gas optical fiber The third end of sensing device connection, the circulator passes through in first wavelength division multiplexer and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set Each of the Electro-Optical Sensor Set be all connected with；
The signal light of every beam wave band passes through the circulator and is transmitted to the gas fibre-optical sensing device, a part of wave The signal light of section is absorbed by the multiple gases in the gas fibre-optical sensing device, and another part signal light is from the gas light Fiber sensing equipment output again by the circulator, first wavelength division multiplexer and be transmitted to the wave band signal light it is corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set.
4. system according to claim 1, the laser generator is also used to export the reference light of multi beam different-waveband, The signal light of the reference light of the multi beam different-waveband and the multi beam different-waveband corresponds, and the laser generator is defeated The absolute value of difference between the light intensity of the signal light reference light corresponding with the signal light of the wave band of every beam wave band out is less than Preset value, the reference light and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set of the multi beam different-waveband correspond；
It is concurrent that the reference light for the wave band that each Electro-Optical Sensor Set is also used to receive is converted into the second electric signal It send to the microcontroller；
The microcontroller is also used to obtain described to be measured based on multiple first electric signals and multiple second electric signals The concentration of each component in gas.
5. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the laser generator include driving circuit, it is multiple swash Light device, the second wavelength division multiplexer and beam splitter, the multiple laser and the multiple Electro-Optical Sensor Set correspond, institute The input terminal for stating each laser in multiple lasers is electrically connected by the driving circuit with the microcontroller, described more The output end of each laser in a laser is connect with the first end of second wavelength division multiplexer, and second wavelength-division is multiple It is connect with the second end of device with the input terminal of the beam splitter, the laser beam of each laser output passes through described the Two wavelength division multiplexers are transmitted to the beam splitter, through signal light and a kind of wave band that the beam splitter beam splitting is a wave band The corresponding reference light of signal light.
6. system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the laser generator further includes acousto-optic modulation switch, The first end of acousto-optic modulation switch is connect with the second end of second wavelength division multiplexer, the acousto-optic modulation switch the Two ends are coupled with the input terminal of the beam splitter, and the third end of the acousto-optic modulation switch is electrically connected with the microcontroller, institute It states acousto-optic modulation switch and pulse control signal is obtained from the microcontroller by the third end, and be based on the pulse control Signal, periodically in the open state or closed state, so that the laser beam of each laser output is described in Second wavelength division multiplexer is transmitted to the beam splitter.
7. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes display module, the display module It is electrically connected with the microcontroller, the display module is used to show the concentration of each component in the under test gas.
8. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes data acquisition circuit, the data Acquisition Circuit is electrically connected with microcontroller, each Electro-Optical Sensor Set respectively, and the data acquisition circuit is used for described Under the control of microcontroller, the signal light of the wave band received is converted into the first telecommunications by each Electro-Optical Sensor Set Number, and it is sent to the microcontroller.
9. a kind of gas fibre-optical sensing device, which is characterized in that including at least two fiber sensing modules, at least one delay Device, at least two fiber sensing module include the first fiber sensing module and the second fiber sensing module, described at least one A delayer includes the first delayer, and first fiber sensing module is passed by first delayer and second optical fiber Feel module connection；
First fiber sensing module is used to detect the multiple gases of the first monitoring point；
Second fiber sensing module is used to detect the multiple gases of the second monitoring point；
The signal light of every beam wave band is transmitted in first fiber sensing module, and the signal light of a part of wave band is by described the Multiple gases in one fiber sensing module absorb, the first son in the first signal light in the signal light of another part wave band Signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module, the second subsignal light in first signal light from First fiber sensing module exports and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band, another part wave Second signal light in the signal light of section is transmitted to second fiber sensing module by first delayer；
A part of second signal light is absorbed by the multiple gases in first fiber sensing module, the described in another part Third subsignal light in binary signal light is successively passed by the multiple gases in second fiber sensing module, first optical fiber The multiple gases felt in module absorb, and the 4th subsignal light in second signal light described in another part is passed from first optical fiber Sense module exports and is transmitted to the corresponding Electro-Optical Sensor Set of signal light of the wave band.
CN201820113326.9U 2018-01-23 2018-01-23 Multicomponent gas monitors system and gas fibre-optical sensing device Active CN208270422U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107991269A (en) * 2018-01-23 2018-05-04 山东省科学院激光研究所 Multicomponent gas monitoring system, method and device
CN110644061A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-01-03 广西立盛茧丝绸有限公司 Automatic cocoon selection machine
CN111211837A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-29 新疆大学 Visible light communication system based on optical fiber energy supply

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107991269A (en) * 2018-01-23 2018-05-04 山东省科学院激光研究所 Multicomponent gas monitoring system, method and device
CN110644061A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-01-03 广西立盛茧丝绸有限公司 Automatic cocoon selection machine
CN110644061B (en) * 2019-11-14 2021-09-10 广西立盛茧丝绸有限公司 Automatic cocoon selection machine
CN111211837A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-29 新疆大学 Visible light communication system based on optical fiber energy supply

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