CN105806374A - Fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation method - Google Patents
Fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105806374A CN105806374A CN201610296552.0A CN201610296552A CN105806374A CN 105806374 A CN105806374 A CN 105806374A CN 201610296552 A CN201610296552 A CN 201610296552A CN 105806374 A CN105806374 A CN 105806374A
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
Abstract
The invention provides a fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation method.A fiber bragg grating signal is demodulated according to the characteristic that a DFB laser injection current and the emergent wavelength have a linear relation by taking slope values obtained by calculating the wavelengths of two beams of short-pulse light emitted by a DFB laser and the powers of two beams of light reflected by a fiber bragg grating as a judgment basis.According to the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulation method, bondage of traditional demodulation is broken through, the requirement for the power of the reflected light is low, and a measurement system built through the demodulation method system has the higher applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of measuring technique of fiber grating, the method particularly relating to optic fiber grating wavelength demodulation.
Background technology
Optic fiber grating wavelength demodulation techniques are one of key technologies of fiber grating research field, and substantially, it is exactly a wavelength decoding process, by monitoring the change information to obtain measured signal of wavelength information.Here it is the demodulation of fiber grating
Demodulation currently for bragg grating wavelength mainly has following several method:
1, spectrogrph detection method: be that the light sent by wideband light source sends into fiber grating through three-dB coupler, detects the spectrum reflected with spectrogrph.Here it is method the most direct, simplest, but it is only suitable for stationary singnal demodulation.Its resolution can reach 1pm.Want to reach level more accurately, it is also possible to using Multi-wavelength meter, its resolution can reach 0.4pm.But owing to the cost of these instruments is high and carries inconvenience, so being generally used in laboratory research.
2, edge filter linear demodulation method: being the method adopting boundary filter to carry out fiber grating signal demodulation, this requires in the range of drift of fiber bragg grating center wavelength, and the characteristic curve of wave filter is linear.When drift occurs the centre wavelength of fiber grating, the light intensity of wave filter output also there occurs change, there is therebetween relation one to one.Namely this method is suitable for stationary singnal test and also is adapted for Dynamic Signal demodulation.
null3、Distributed adjustable matched FBG filter method: distributed matcher refers to for each grating in sensor array，All matched FBG is formed by performance grating always at receiving terminal，Wherein adjustable refer to by driving pressure electroceramics PZT，Regulate the centre wavelength of matched FBG，Make each detector accept luminous power and reach maximum successively，Finally can be obtained measured physical quantity by the corresponding relation of PZT voltage Yu wavelength，Matched FBG filter method has reflection and 2 kinds of modes of transmission，Although the utilization rate of transmission mode optical signal is high，But employing multiple PZT makes tracing control complicated，The nonlinearity erron of system is big，When distributed matcher grating demodulation by filter works in reflection mode，The change of the reflection wavelength of matched FBG tracking transducer，It is arranged in parallel on same PZT，When PZT is driven by sine sweep voltage，The strain generating period change of matched FBG，The displacement making matched FBG centre wavelength also produces cyclically-varying，When the centre wavelength of matched FBG is just coincide with the centre wavelength of sensing grating，Strong reflection can be there is，Thus detector detects largest light intensity，According to the relation between the matched FBG voltage and the wavelength that have measured in advance，Just can in the hope of the measured physical quantity of corresponding sensing grating.The advantage of the method is in that the light intensity to final detection is without absolute requirement, therefore the noise of all kinds of intensity is without influence on measurement result, and it is relatively simple for structure.Deficiency is requirement sensing grating with the reflection spectral line characteristic of matched FBG closely, and owing to PZT adjustable extent limits, the physical quantity scope of the measurement of sensing grating will not be very big.
4, non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder fibre optic interferometer method: be a kind of parameter method for transformation, by the wavelength converting phase place change being changed into interferometer of fiber grating.The reflection light of sensing grating enters interferometer, once the wavelength of grating changes, the reflection light that interferometer receives also changes therewith, causes that phase place changes.The detection sensitivity of this method is significantly high, but is highly susceptible to the interference of external environment, generally in the multiplex demodulation to Dynamic Signal.
5, adjustable Fabry-Perot-type cavity (F-P) method: the light of wideband light source is sent into fiber grating, utilizes the light that three-dB coupler will reflect back into send into F-P cavity.Here, F-P cavity is regarded as a narrow band filter, piezoelectric ceramics PZT drives.The wavelength of the light of F-P cavity is controlled to pass through by changing the voltage of PZT.When the wavelength reflecting light is consistent with the transmission peak wavelength of F-P cavity, the light intensity detected is maximum.The transmission peak wavelength of at this moment corresponding with PZT voltage F-P cavity is exactly the reflection wavelength of fiber grating.Its advantage is that volume is little, price is low, highly sensitive, tunable range big, can directly obtain the voltage of corresponding wavelength, can realize the demodulation of multiple spot wavelength-division multiplex.Its shortcoming is that relative resolution is low, and response speed is slow, it is necessary to improve fineness and the scanning speed of scanning filter with high performance wave filter.
6, tunable narrowband optical source demodulation method: the light of narrow-band light source is sent into fiber grating, the wavelength changing narrow-band light source makes its periodic scanning fiber bragg grating, it is possible to obtaining the spectral line of fiber grating, largest light intensity place just correspond to the centre wavelength of fiber grating.
7, light spectrum image-forming demodulation method is through collimated by the reflectance spectrum (transmission spectrum) of fiber grating, recycles some beam splitter and makes it spatially enter CCD spectrometer with the different angles of diffraction.When the wave length shift of fiber grating, also can there is corresponding change in the position that CCD receives, thus can demodulate the centre wavelength of fiber grating.The response speed of this demodulation method quickly, but the requirement of the optical element wherein used is also significantly high.
In sum:
The method of various bragg grating Wavelength demodulations is respectively arranged with pluses and minuses, and it can be selected by user according to being actually needed of oneself,
What the present invention told about here is a kind of brand-new optic fiber grating wavelength demodulation method, without reflected optical power is carried out peak-seeking calculating, without matched FBG, without device or the instrument of extra built-in any contrast, centre wavelength and the drift value of fiber grating reflection spectral line can be calculated according to the feature of Distributed Feedback Laser and reflectance spectrum line.The measurement system built in this approach easier can realize quasi-distributed measurement.It is easily achieved more diversified collocation, it is easier to meet the requirement of various client.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problem in prior art, the invention provides the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength, it is characterised in that:
Laser emitting module launches two bundle short-pulse lasers under different driving electric current, is (λ according to the two bundle of pulsed laser wavelength that the electric current of the Distributed Feedback Laser measured and the linear relationship launching wavelength obtain outgoing1、λ2), pulsed light is admitted to fiber-optic grating sensor after bonder or circulator, and now fiber-optic grating sensor is reflected back the pulsed light of two bundle different capacities, and the pulsed light power of reflection is (PR(λ1)、PR(λ2)), being received by Signal sampling and processing module again by after bonder or circulator, photoelectric detector PD converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication is then through the slope processing the final signal being calculated collection by computer, and primary signal collection completes,
Slope: Slope=[PR(λ2)-PR(λ1)]/(λ2-λ1)
When slope is zero, now gather two both sides, center being positioned at fiber grating spectral line are described, the central wavelength lambda of fiber grating spectral line during this static demodulation stateCFor: λC=(λ2+λ1)/2；
When slope is not zero, again sends two bundle short-pulse lasers of identical wavelength difference, again carry out data collection, so repeatedly, be till zero until collecting slope.
As a further improvement on the present invention, laser emitting module launches two bundle short-pulse lasers under different driving electric current, is (λ according to the two bundle of pulsed laser wavelength that the electric current of the Distributed Feedback Laser measured and the linear relationship launching wavelength obtain outgoing1、λ2), pulsed light is admitted to fiber-optic grating sensor after bonder, and now fiber-optic grating sensor is reflected back the pulsed light of two bundle different capacities, and the pulsed light power of reflection is (PR(λ1)、PR(λ2)), being received by Signal sampling and processing module again by after bonder, photoelectric detector PD converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication is then through the slope processing the final signal being calculated collection by computer, and primary signal collection completes,
Slope 1:Slope1=[PR(λ2)-PR(λ1)]/(λ2-λ1)；
Repeat the above steps obtains slope 2:Slope2=[PR(λ2)’-PR(λ1)’]/(λ2’-λ1’)；
When Slope2-Slope1 is zero,
Δ λ=λ2’-λ2=λ1’-λ1,
The central wavelength lambda of fiber grating spectral line during this dynamic demodulationC'=λC+ Δ λ, wherein, λCThe centre wavelength of fiber grating spectral line during for static demodulation state；
When Slope2-Slope1 is not zero, again send two bundle short-pulse lasers of identical wavelength difference,
Again carry out data collection, so repeatedly, till collecting identical slope.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described bonder is three-dB coupler.
As a further improvement on the present invention, when slope be on the occasion of time, the meansigma methods of the wavelength of illustrate now to gather 2, less than the centre wavelength value of fiber grating spectral line, adjusts and drives electric current, and pulsed light wavelength drifts about to long wave；When slope is negative value, illustrating that the meansigma methods of wavelength of 2 now gathered is more than the centre wavelength value of fiber grating spectral line, adjusts and drives electric current, pulsed light wavelength drifts about to shortwave.
As a further improvement on the present invention, when Slope2-Slope1 be on the occasion of time, the wavelength meansigma methods of 2 of the Slope2 now the gathered wavelength meansigma methods less than 2 of Slope1 is described, adjusts and drive electric current, pulsed light wavelength drifts about to long wave；When Slope2-Slope1 is negative value, the wavelength meansigma methods of 2 of the Slope2 now the gathered wavelength meansigma methods more than 2 of Slope1 being described, adjusts and drive electric current, pulsed light wavelength drifts about to shortwave.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described laser emitting module includes Distributed Feedback Laser, temperature controller, drive circuit.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described fiber-optic grating sensor at least two.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described laser emitting module is at least two.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Optic fiber grating wavelength demodulation method of the present invention is according to feature linear between Distributed Feedback Laser injection current and outgoing wavelength, the slope value that the power of the two-beam that the wavelength of the two bundle short light pulses launched by Distributed Feedback Laser is reflected back with fiber grating is calculated drawing, as judgment basis, completes the demodulation to fiber grating signal in this approach.
Optic fiber grating wavelength of the present invention demodulation way breaks through the constraint of traditional demodulation, and the requirement of reflected optical power is relatively low, uses the measurement system of this demodulation method system building to possess the higher suitability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the three of optic fiber grating wavelength demodulation method of the present invention realizes greatly modular structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the injection current wavelength relationship figure with laser instrument output light of Distributed Feedback Laser of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is fiber grating in time being subject to ectocine, and the schematic diagram of drift occurs reflection configuration；
Fig. 4 is static state of the present invention demodulation flow chart；
Fig. 5 is dynamic demodulation flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Measuring simplified schematic diagram such as Fig. 1, optic fiber grating wavelength demodulation method of the present invention includes following three big modules, is respectively as follows: laser emitting module, Signal sampling and processing module, acquisition of signal and sensing module；
Laser emitting module includes the core components such as Distributed Feedback Laser, temperature controller, drive circuit；DFB:DFB type optical sender, distributed feed-back (laser instrument)；
Signal sampling and processing module includes the core components such as computer, photodetector, data collecting card；
Acquisition of signal and sensing module include the core components such as optical fiber, bonder, fiber-optic grating sensor；
As in figure 2 it is shown,
The present invention advantage such as narrow bandwidth, tunable wave length, frequency stability be good that uses DFB distributed feedback laser to have, the injection current of Distributed Feedback Laser will directly affect the refractive index of DFB chip active layer medium, and the refractive index of active layer medium is linear with the resonant frequency of laser instrument, therefore, the wavelength of laser instrument output light can be changed by changing the injection current of Distributed Feedback Laser.
The spectral line of the reflection of the Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor that the present invention uses is Gauss distribution, and the slope that any two points of identical wavelength interval is constituted on this spectral line has uniqueness.Spectral line shape is:
Exp(-4ln2(λ-λ0)2/Δλ2)
In Fig. 3, bold portion is the spectral line before drift, λCRepresenting the centre wavelength of spectral line, dotted portion is the spectral line after drifting about, and has added one later ', expression is another state.
Demodulation can be divided into steady-state solution mediation dynamic demodulation: the centre wavelength finding spectral line is static demodulation (namely finding the signal calculating centre wavelength that slope is 0), dynamic demodulation, namely needs front and back comparing calculation to learn.
Embodiment 1:
Static demodulation:
A kind of demodulation method of optic fiber grating wavelength, laser emitting module launches two bundle short-pulse lasers under different driving electric current, is (λ according to the two bundle of pulsed laser wavelength that the electric current of the Distributed Feedback Laser measured and the linear relationship launching wavelength obtain outgoing1、λ2), pulsed light is admitted to fiber-optic grating sensor after bonder or circulator, and now fiber-optic grating sensor is reflected back the pulsed light of two bundle different capacities, and the pulsed light power of reflection is (PR(λ1)、PR(λ2)), being received by Signal sampling and processing module again by after bonder or circulator, photoelectric detector PD converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication is then through the slope processing the final signal being calculated collection by computer, and primary signal collection completes,
Slope: Slope=[PR(λ2)-PR(λ1)]/(λ2-λ1)
When slope is zero, now gather two both sides, center being positioned at fiber grating spectral line are described, the central wavelength lambda of fiber grating spectral line during this static demodulation stateCFor: λC=(λ2+λ1)/2；
When slope is not zero, again sends two bundle short-pulse lasers of identical wavelength difference, again carry out data collection, so repeatedly, be till zero until the slope collected.
The slope calculated by the signal fed back, its size only represents the Position Approximate of the signal of collection, be by which of fiber grating spectral line partially reflective return.When on the occasion of time, be that the shortwave side of grating spectral line has reflected light, certainly, if the interval of two pulse lasers is excessive, it is also possible to signals collecting is positioned at the both sides of fiber grating, but entirety can tend to shortwave side, on the contrary, during for negative value, also it is similar；It is state when 0, just records the centre wavelength of grating spectral line.
Embodiment 2:
Dynamic demodulation:
A kind of demodulation method of optic fiber grating wavelength, laser emitting module launches two bundle short-pulse lasers under different driving electric current, is (λ according to the two bundle of pulsed laser wavelength that the electric current of the Distributed Feedback Laser measured and the linear relationship launching wavelength obtain outgoing1、λ2), pulsed light is admitted to fiber-optic grating sensor after bonder, and now fiber-optic grating sensor is reflected back the pulsed light of two bundle different capacities, and the pulsed light power of reflection is (PR(λ1)、PR(λ2)), being received by Signal sampling and processing module again by after bonder, photoelectric detector PD converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication is then through the slope processing the final signal being calculated collection by computer, and primary signal collection completes,
Slope 1:Slope1=[PR(λ2)-PR(λ1)]/(λ2-λ1)；
Repeat the above steps obtains slope 2:Slope2=[PR(λ2)’-PR(λ1)’]/(λ2’-λ1’)；
When Slope2-Slope1 is zero,
Δ λ=λ2’-λ2=λ1’-λ1,
The central wavelength lambda of fiber grating spectral line during this dynamic demodulationC'=λC+ Δ λ, wherein, λCThe centre wavelength of fiber grating spectral line during for static demodulation state；
When Slope2-Slope1 is not zero, again sends two bundle short-pulse lasers of identical wavelength difference, again carry out data collection, so repeatedly, till collecting identical slope.
Be can be seen that by flow chart Fig. 5, systematic comparison is the difference of the slope that front and back twice calculate through the signal of feedback, when previous slope is more than this slope rear, now need to adjust and drive electric current so that the short-pulse laser launched moves to shortwave direction, come and go for several times, until twice, front and back slope difference is 0, by the comparison driving electric current of front and back twice, the drift value of twice fiber grating in front and back can be drawn.Otherwise it is similar.
Further, the optic fiber grating wavelength demodulation method of the present invention can according to the scope increase of the tunable wavelength of Distributed Feedback Laser number of sensors over the same fiber, i other words a laser emitting module can measure multiple fiber-optic grating sensor simultaneously, if adding multiple sensor, then need to predict the scope of each sensor.And a set of measurement system can increase multiple laser emitting module, therefore the measurement system of adopting said method can need freely to customize assembling according to client, simple and convenient.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some simple deduction or replace, protection scope of the present invention all should be considered as belonging to.
Claims (8)
1. the demodulation method of an optic fiber grating wavelength, it is characterised in that:
Laser emitting module launches two bundle short-pulse lasers under different driving electric current, is (λ according to the two bundle of pulsed laser wavelength that the electric current of the Distributed Feedback Laser measured and the linear relationship launching wavelength obtain outgoing1、λ2), pulsed light is admitted to fiber-optic grating sensor after bonder or circulator, and now fiber-optic grating sensor is reflected back the pulsed light of two bundle different capacities, and the pulsed light power of reflection is (PR(λ1)、PR(λ2)), being received by Signal sampling and processing module again by after bonder or circulator, photoelectric detector PD converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication is then through the slope processing the final signal being calculated collection by computer, and primary signal collection completes,
Slope: Slope=[PR(λ2)-PR(λ1)]/(λ2-λ1)
When slope is zero, now gather two both sides, center being positioned at fiber grating spectral line are described, the central wavelength lambda of fiber grating spectral line during this static demodulation stateCFor: λC=(λ2+λ1)/2；
When slope is not zero, again sends two bundle short-pulse lasers of identical wavelength difference, again carry out data collection, so repeatedly, be till zero until collecting slope.
2. the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Laser emitting module launches two bundle short-pulse lasers under different driving electric current, is (λ according to the two bundle of pulsed laser wavelength that the electric current of the Distributed Feedback Laser measured and the linear relationship launching wavelength obtain outgoing1、λ2), pulsed light is admitted to fiber-optic grating sensor after bonder, and now fiber-optic grating sensor is reflected back the pulsed light of two bundle different capacities, and the pulsed light power of reflection is (PR(λ1)、PR(λ2)), being received by Signal sampling and processing module again by after bonder, photoelectric detector PD converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication is then through the slope processing the final signal being calculated collection by computer, and primary signal collection completes,
Slope 1:Slope1=[PR(λ2)-PR(λ1)]/(λ2-λ1)；
Repeat the above steps obtains slope 2:Slope2=[PR(λ2)’-PR(λ1)’]/(λ2’-λ1’)；
When Slope2-Slope1 is zero,
Δ λ=λ2’-λ2=λ1’-λ1,
The central wavelength lambda of fiber grating spectral line during this dynamic demodulationC'=λC+ Δ λ, wherein, λCThe centre wavelength of fiber grating spectral line during for static demodulation state；
When Slope2-Slope1 is not zero, again send two bundle short-pulse lasers of identical wavelength difference,
Again carry out data collection, so repeatedly, till collecting identical slope.
3. the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described bonder is three-dB coupler.
4. the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when slope on the occasion of time, illustrating that the meansigma methods of wavelength of 2 now gathered is less than the centre wavelength value of fiber grating spectral line, adjusts and drives electric current, pulsed light wavelength drifts about to long wave；When slope is negative value, illustrating that the meansigma methods of wavelength of 2 now gathered is more than the centre wavelength value of fiber grating spectral line, adjusts and drives electric current, pulsed light wavelength drifts about to shortwave.
5. the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: when Slope2-Slope1 on the occasion of time, the wavelength meansigma methods of 2 of the Slope2 now the gathered wavelength meansigma methods less than 2 of Slope1 is described, adjusting and drive electric current, pulsed light wavelength drifts about to long wave；When Slope2-Slope1 is negative value, the wavelength meansigma methods of 2 of the Slope2 now the gathered wavelength meansigma methods more than 2 of Slope1 being described, adjusts and drive electric current, pulsed light wavelength drifts about to shortwave.
6. the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described laser emitting module includes Distributed Feedback Laser, temperature controller, drive circuit.
7. the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fiber-optic grating sensor at least two.
8. the demodulation method of a kind of optic fiber grating wavelength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described laser emitting module is at least two.
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| CN106525097B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-08-13 | 大连艾科科技开发有限公司 | A kind of tunable laser wavelength detecting method and device |
| CN107655506A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-02-02 | 邓泽仲 | A kind of fiber grating sensing demodulation device based on microwave mixer technology |
| CN109596570A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-04-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of biochemical sensitive system based on Si-based photodetectors |
| CN113310564A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-27 | 武汉理工大学 | System and method for measuring vibration parameter and temperature parameter of oil well casing |
| CN113310564B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2024-01-09 | 武汉理工大学 | System and method for measuring vibration parameters and temperature parameters of oil well casing |
| WO2023051554A1 (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 欧梯恩智能科技(苏州)有限公司 | Optical sensing demodulation module and optical sensing system |
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