CN202041323U - Distributed multi-parameter optical fiber sensor - Google Patents
Distributed multi-parameter optical fiber sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202041323U CN202041323U CN2011200860137U CN201120086013U CN202041323U CN 202041323 U CN202041323 U CN 202041323U CN 2011200860137 U CN2011200860137 U CN 2011200860137U CN 201120086013 U CN201120086013 U CN 201120086013U CN 202041323 U CN202041323 U CN 202041323U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a distributed multi-parameter optical fiber sensor and a multi-parameter measuring method. The distributed multi-parameter optical fiber sensor comprises a light source, a light source driving module, a wave length division multiplexer module, detection optical fibers, a photoelectric detection module, a data acquiring and controlling circuit module and an external modulator. An output end of the light source driving module is connected with an input end of the light source, an input end of the external modulator is connected with an output end of the light source, an output end of the laser external modulator is connected with an input end of the wave length division multiplexer module, an output end of the wave length division multiplexer module is respectively connected with output ends of the detection optical fibers and an input end of the photoelectric detection module, an output end of the photoelectric detection module is connected with the data acquiring and controlling circuit module, and an output end of the data acquiring and controlling circuit module is connected with an input end of the light source driving module. The distributed multi-parameter optical fiber sensor has the advantages that functions of measuring multiple parameters of temperature, vibration, loss and fault can be achieved by means of the distributed multi-parameter optical fiber sensor, investment cost is low, optical resources are saved, and application field of distributed optical fiber sensors can be broadened.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of distributed fiberoptic sensor, especially relates to a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor.
Background technology
Optical fiber sensing technology is to follow the development of Fibre Optical Communication Technology the seventies in 20th century and develop rapidly, is carrier with the light wave, and optical fiber is medium, the novel sensing technology of perception and the extraneous measured signal of transmission.Compare with traditional mechanical and electrical type sensor, Fibre Optical Sensor has measures advantages such as highly sensitive, wide dynamic range, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), corrosion-resistant and volume be small and exquisite.Distributed fiberoptic sensor is to use more a kind of novel Fibre Optical Sensor at present, it utilizes optical time domain reflection technology (OTDR) to realize along the parameter measurement of any point of fiber distribution, can realize the line style real time on-line monitoring in space on a large scale, satisfy the demand of people the magnanimity monitoring information.
The nineties in 20th century, the York company of Britain utilizes light time territory Raman scattering technology (ROTDR) to develop the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system that measuring distance is 2km (DTS), feedback signal by the detection optical fiber that records: anti-Stokes light signal and Stokes light signal, bring these optical signal datas into the correlation computations formula, can draw the temperature survey parameter, realize the Temperature Distribution formula of optical fiber is measured.This product has been obtained application preferably in fields such as traffic tunnel, subway, cable fire monitoring at home at present.1998, people such as the Jaehee Park of the U.S. have reported will (Ф-OTDR) be used for experimental study (the Jaehee Park.Proc.of SPIE of intrusion detection based on the phase sensitive optical time domain reflection technology, 1998,3555:49～56), by recording the relevant Rayleigh scattering light signal of detection optical fiber feedback, corresponding according to the event location that light intensity changes with the position of detection optical fiber vibration, the intensity variations amount is corresponding with the oscillation intensity of detection optical fiber, draw vibration position and intensity on the detection optical fiber, realized the measurement of distributed fiberoptic sensor vibration (invasion position).1999, the Liu Hao we people of Sichuan University utilizes the relation of optical time domain reflection (OTDR) damage curve and optical fiber micro-bending, developed mixed earth Crack Monitoring sensor, feedback Rayleigh scattering light signal according to the detection optical fiber that records, draw the measurement parameter of fibre loss and fault, realized the measurement of distributed fiberoptic sensor loss and fault.
Distributed fiberoptic sensor has obtained widespread use in fields such as electric power, petrochemical industry, traffic, building and space flight at present.But raising along with the requirement of every profession and trade production safety, the distributed fiberoptic sensor of function singleness can not be satisfied the demand, the user is in order more fully to understand the engineering safety situation, often need simultaneously parameters such as temperature, vibration, loss and fault to be carried out comprehensive real-time monitoring, generally needing to be equipped with the different distributed fiberoptic sensor of at least two covers just can meet the demands, not only equipment investment cost is big, and has wasted a large amount of fiber resources.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor, need not dispose multiple devices, just can realize the distributed measurement to temperature, vibration, loss and a plurality of parameters of fault simultaneously.
The utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor, comprise light source, light source driver module, the wavelength division multiplexer module, detection optical fiber, photodetection module and data acquisition and control circuit module, also comprise external modulator, the input end of described external modulator links to each other with the output terminal of described light source, the output terminal of described external modulator links to each other with the input end of described wavelength division multiplexer module, first output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer module links to each other with described detection optical fiber, second output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer module, the 3rd output terminal links to each other with three input ends of described photodetection module respectively with the 4th output terminal, the output terminal of described photodetection module links to each other with the input end of described data acquisition and control circuit module, and the output terminal of described data acquisition and control circuit module links to each other with the input end of described light source driver module.
Also be provided with the fiber amplifier of Gain Adjustable between described external modulator and the described wavelength division multiplexer module, the output terminal of described external modulator links to each other with the input end of described fiber amplifier, and the output terminal of described fiber amplifier links to each other with the input end of described wavelength division multiplexer module.
Described light source is narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser or narrow linewidth semiconductor laser, and described light source driver module is used to receive the output signal of described data acquisition and control circuit module, produces the driving electric signal of Constant Electric Current signal or burst pulse.
Described external modulator is a kind of in electrooptic modulator, acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulator, electroabsorption modulator and the high-speed optical switch.
Described wavelength division multiplexer module is 1 * 4 structure, have an input end and four output terminals, first output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer module is used for pulsed light is input to described detection optical fiber, second output terminal is used for by Rayleigh scattering light signal the same with incident wavelength or interference light signal dorsad, and the 3rd output terminal and the 4th output terminal then are used for by anti-Stokes light signal and Stokes light signal.
Described photodetection module is used to receive the light signal of described wavelength division multiplexer module output, and converts described light signal to electric signal and be used for subsequent acquisition.
Described data acquisition and control circuit module are used to gather the output signal of described photodetection module.
Described detection optical fiber is multimode optical fiber or single-mode fiber.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model is: a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor, producing two kinds of different drive signals by the control light source driver module comes driving light source to produce two kinds of different light signals, regulate the bias voltage of external modulator then, make it to be operated in light transmission state or pulsed modulation state, obtain the pulsed light of two kinds of different live widths, the wherein a kind of wide linewidth pulses light that obtains can be realized fiber optic temperature, the measurement function of loss and fault parameter, another kind of narrow linewidth pulsed light can be realized the measurement function to the fiber-optic vibration parameter.Produce different drive signals by light source driver module, the use of external modulator, not only realized on a cover distributed fiberoptic sensor, measuring the function of temperature, vibration, loss and a plurality of parameters of fault, and cost of investment is low, save fiber resource, also expanded the application of distributed fiberoptic sensor; Increase the fiber amplifier of Gain Adjustable, then can make signal stronger, increase precision and the reliability measured.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor of the utility model embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor of the utility model embodiment two;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of wavelength division multiplexer module in the utility model.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one: as shown in figures 1 and 3, a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor comprises light source 1, external modulator 2, wavelength division multiplexer module 4, detection optical fiber 5, light source driver module 6, photodetection module 7 and data acquisition and control circuit module 8.Light source 1 is a narrow linewidth laser, the input end of light source 1 links to each other with the output terminal of light source driver module 6, light source driver module 6 is used for driving light source 1 and produces pulsed light or continuous light, the output terminal of light source 1 links to each other with the input end of external modulator 2, the output terminal of external modulator 2 links to each other with the input end 40 of wavelength division multiplexer module 4, wavelength division multiplexer module 4 is provided with four output terminals, wherein first output terminal 41 links to each other with an end of detection optical fiber 5, second output terminal 42, the 3rd output terminal 43 links to each other with three input ends of photodetection module 7 respectively with the 4th output terminal 44, wherein second output terminal 42 is used for by the Rayleigh scattering light the same with incident wavelength, the 3rd output terminal 43 and 44 of the 4th output terminals are used for by anti-Stokes light signal and Stokes light signal, the output terminal of photodetection module 7 links to each other with the input end of data acquisition and control circuit module 8, and the output terminal of data acquisition and control circuit module 8 links to each other with the input end of light source driver module 6.
Embodiment two: as shown in Figures 2 and 3, a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor comprises light source 1, external modulator 2, fiber amplifier 3, wavelength division multiplexer module 4, detection optical fiber 5, light source driver module 6, photodetection module 7 and data acquisition and control circuit module 8.Light source 1 is a narrow linewidth laser, the input end of light source 1 links to each other with the output terminal of light source driver module 6, light source driver module 6 is used for driving light source 1 and produces pulsed light or continuous light, the output terminal of light source 1 links to each other with the input end of laser external modulator 2, the output terminal of external modulator 2 links to each other with the input end of fiber amplifier 3, the output terminal of fiber amplifier 3 links to each other with the input end 40 of wavelength division multiplexer module 4, wavelength division multiplexer module 4 is provided with four output terminals, wherein first output terminal 41 links to each other with an end of detection optical fiber 5, second output terminal 42, the 3rd output terminal 43 links to each other with three input ends of photodetection module 7 respectively with the 4th output terminal 44, wherein second output terminal 42 is used for by the Rayleigh scattering light the same with incident wavelength, the 3rd output terminal 43 and 44 of the 4th output terminals are used for by anti-Stokes light signal and Stokes light signal, the output terminal of photodetection module 7 links to each other with the input end of data acquisition and control circuit module 8, and the output terminal of data acquisition and control circuit module 8 links to each other with the input end of light source driver module 6.
The utility model adopts traditional optical time domain reflection technology (OTDR) to realize the loss and the fault measuring function of optical fiber, adopt light time territory Raman scattering technology (ROTDR) to realize the temperature survey function of optical fiber, adopt that (Ф-OTDR) realizes the vibration survey function of optical fiber based on the phase sensitive optical time domain reflection technology.For realizing the vibration survey function of optical fiber, light source 1 is a narrow linewidth laser, and its linewidth requirements and distributed measurement distance dependent, live width is more little, and laser coherence is high more, and attainable measuring distance is long more.The laser instrument that the utility model is selected different live widths for use according to different measuring distances is as light source, when measuring distance during less than 1km laser linewidth get final product less than 500kHz, laser linewidth need be less than 5kHz when measuring distance reaches 40km.The utility model mainly produces two kinds of light signals by light source driver module 6 direct driving light sources 1, regulates external modulator 2 then, obtains the pulsed light of different live widths, thereby realizes temperature, vibration, loss and the fault measuring function of optical fiber.
Among the utility model embodiment one, light source 1 is selected EMCORE company narrow linewidth semiconductor laser for use, and its centre wavelength is that 1550nm, continuous power can reach 20mW, and when the laser instrument running hours, live width is less than 5kHz, and attainable vibration survey distance is greater than 40km; When the direct pulsed modulation of laser instrument was worked, because of the frequency chirp effect, the live width broadening can significantly improve the optical fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold power to more than the 1GHz, meets Raman distributed thermometric demand; External modulator 2 is used to realize the laser pulse of nanosecond order, and present embodiment is selected the electrooptic modulator (EOM) of U.S. JDSU company for use, and magnetic tape trailer is fine to be exported, and can realize the pulse width of 1ns～1us; Detection optical fiber 5 can be a single-mode fiber.
The utility model adopts OTDR and ROTDR system to realize fiber optic temperature, loss and fault measuring function.In order to obtain the required light source of OTDR and ROTDR system, at first directly produce the driving electric signal of burst pulse by light source driver module 6, make light source 1 produce the pulsed optical signals of burst pulse, wide range, owing to light source 1 be subjected to pulse current directly modulation produces frequency chirp, the live width that light source 1 is exported pulsed optical signals from the 5kHz broadening to more than the 1GHz; The bias voltage of regulating external modulator 2 makes it be operated in logical light state, i.e. the maximum output state of luminous power.Modulation back live width is input in the detection optical fiber 5 through wavelength division multiplexer module 4 greater than the pulsed optical signals of 1GHz, because there is microinhomogeneity in optical properties such as the density of the material of detection optical fiber 5 and refractive index, the back scattering phenomenon will appear in the pulsed light of transmission in the detection optical fiber 5, the scattered light of reflection is respectively: Rayleigh scattering light, anti-Stokes light and stokes light, wherein Rayleigh scattering light is identical with lambda1-wavelength, all be 1550nm, the anti-Stokes center wavelength of light is 1450nm, the Stokes center wavelength of light is 1663nm, and wavelength division multiplexer module 4 utilizes three kinds of scattering light wavelengths different and respectively from second output terminal 42, the 3rd output terminal 43 and 44 outputs of the 4th output terminal.Photodetection module 7 is imported in data acquisition and the control circuit module 8 after respectively three road light signals being converted to electric signal, and Rayleigh scattering light is V after converting electric signal to
r, stokes light is V after converting electric signal to
s, anti-Stokes light is V after converting electric signal to
a
Rayleigh scattering light V wherein
rBe that the OTDR system is required, utilize V
rCan finish the measurement of fibre loss and fault; And anti-Stokes light V
aWith stokes light V
sBe that the ROTDR system is required, by measuring both ratio
Can realize temperature survey, the relation of both ratio and temperature can be referring to formula (1),
T in the formula (1)
0For demarcating temperature, V
s(T
0) for fiber optic temperature be T
0The time Stokes light signal strength, V
a(T
0) for fiber optic temperature be T
0The time anti-Stokes light signal strength, Δ υ is a Raman frequency shift, k is a Boltzmann constant, h is a Planck's constant, υ
aBe anti-Stokes optical signal frequency, υ
sBe Stokes optical signal frequency, υ
a=υ
0+ Δ υ, υ
s=υ
0-Δ υ, υ
0Be light source 1 radiative frequency.
The utility model adopts Ф-OTDR system to realize the fiber-optic vibration measurement function.Laser linewidth is 5kHz during light source 1 constant current work, satisfies long apart from the requirement of Ф-OTDR system to live width.Produce the Constant Electric Current signal by light source driver module 6, driving light source 1 produces a stable continuous light output, regulate external modulator 2, make it be operated in the pulsed modulation state, continuous light is exported after external modulator 2 is modulated into pulsed light, promptly adopts the mode of external modulation to produce pulsed light, and the external modulation mode can be avoided chirp and make light source 1 when being modulated into pulsed light, live width maintenance itself is constant less than 5kHz, and the pulsed light of external modulator 2 outputs satisfies the demand of Ф-OTDR system to light source 1.Modulation back live width 5khz narrow linewidth pulsed light is input in the detection optical fiber 5 through wavelength division multiplexer module 4, because there is microinhomogeneity in optical properties such as the density of the material of detection optical fiber 5 and refractive index, the back scattering phenomenon will appear in the pulsed light of transmission in the detection optical fiber 5, the scattered light of reflection is respectively: Rayleigh scattering light, anti-Stokes light and stokes light, Ф-OTDR system only needs Rayleigh scattering light signal wherein, but Rayleigh scattering light is that live width is that the narrow linewidth of 5kHz is surveyed the light interference effect and played a major role because of surveying light signal, and the Rayleigh scattering light of this moment is the Rayleigh scattering light after interfering.When disturbance takes place in the invasion position on the circuit of detection optical fiber 5, the refractive index of the relevant position of detection optical fiber 5 will change, thereby cause this place's light phase to change, because interference effect, the variation of phase place will cause the variation of back to the Rayleigh scattering light intensity, by the interference signal of detection variation, and utilize certain data processing method can realize vibration survey.In the present embodiment, record is V by photodetection module 7 back Rayleigh scattering light signals
r, the Rayleigh scattering light signal of the i time collection is designated as V
R (i), the Rayleigh scattering light signal that the interval is gathered for m time is designated as V
R (i-m), according to formula (2):
V
Φ＝V
r(i)-V
r(i-m) (2)
M gets 2 herein, with time sampled signal arbitrarily of collection and sampled signal input data acquisition and control circuit module with interval 2 times, the curve V that subtracts each other
ΦThe share the same light position of strong vibration of the event location that last light intensity changes is corresponding, and the intensity variations amount is corresponding with the oscillation intensity of detection optical fiber, can draw vibration position and intensity on the detection optical fiber thus.
Wherein m can get any positive integer in 2～8.
Claims (8)
1. distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor, comprise light source, light source driver module, the wavelength division multiplexer module, detection optical fiber, photodetection module and data acquisition and control circuit module, it is characterized in that also comprising external modulator, the input end of described external modulator links to each other with the output terminal of described light source, the output terminal of described external modulator links to each other with the input end of described wavelength division multiplexer module, first output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer module links to each other with described detection optical fiber, second output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer module, the 3rd output terminal links to each other with three input ends of described photodetection module respectively with the 4th output terminal, the output terminal of described photodetection module links to each other with the input end of described data acquisition and control circuit module, and the output terminal of described data acquisition and control circuit module links to each other with the input end of described light source driver module.
2. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that also being provided with between described external modulator and the described wavelength division multiplexer module fiber amplifier of Gain Adjustable, the output terminal of described external modulator links to each other with the input end of described fiber amplifier, and the output terminal of described fiber amplifier links to each other with the input end of described wavelength division multiplexer module.
3. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described light source is narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser or narrow linewidth semiconductor laser, described light source driver module is used to receive the output signal of described data acquisition and control circuit module, produces the driving electric signal of Constant Electric Current signal or burst pulse.
4. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described external modulator is a kind of in electrooptic modulator, acousto-optic modulator, magneto-optic modulator, electroabsorption modulator and the high-speed optical switch.
5. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described wavelength division multiplexer module is 1 * 4 structure, have an input end and four output terminals, first output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer module is used for pulsed light is input to described detection optical fiber, second output terminal is used for by Rayleigh scattering light signal the same with incident wavelength or interference light signal dorsad, and the 3rd output terminal and the 4th output terminal then are used for by anti-Stokes light signal and Stokes light signal.
6. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described photodetection module is used to receive the light signal of described wavelength division multiplexer module output, and converts described light signal to electric signal and be used for subsequent acquisition.
7. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described data acquisition and control circuit module are used to gather the output signal of described photodetection module.
8. a kind of distribution type fiber-optic multi-parameter sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described detection optical fiber is multimode optical fiber or single-mode fiber.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102226703A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-10-26 | 宁波诺驰光电科技发展有限公司 | Distributed fiber multi-parameter sensor and multi-parameter measuring method |
| CN102494756A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-13 | 东南大学 | Single-light source distributed optical fiber micro-vibration sensing and positioning device |
| CN103616089A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-05 | 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 | Optical fiber temperature vibration sensor and comprehensive monitoring system and method |
| CN104596576A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-05-06 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Optical fiber temperature sensing and vibration sensing collineation fusion system and monitoring method |
| CN107966268A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-27 | 骁阳网络有限公司 | For pulse shaping and the OTDR using electroabsorption modulator of pulse detection |
| CN111912514A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 国网河南省电力公司信息通信公司 | Distributed vibration sensing system adopting multimode optical fiber and vibration measurement method |
-
2011
- 2011-03-29 CN CN2011200860137U patent/CN202041323U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102226703A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-10-26 | 宁波诺驰光电科技发展有限公司 | Distributed fiber multi-parameter sensor and multi-parameter measuring method |
| CN102494756A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-13 | 东南大学 | Single-light source distributed optical fiber micro-vibration sensing and positioning device |
| CN103616089A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-05 | 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 | Optical fiber temperature vibration sensor and comprehensive monitoring system and method |
| CN103616089B (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-10-13 | 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber temperature vibration sensor and comprehensive monitoring system and method |
| CN104596576A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-05-06 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Optical fiber temperature sensing and vibration sensing collineation fusion system and monitoring method |
| CN107966268A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-27 | 骁阳网络有限公司 | For pulse shaping and the OTDR using electroabsorption modulator of pulse detection |
| CN111912514A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 国网河南省电力公司信息通信公司 | Distributed vibration sensing system adopting multimode optical fiber and vibration measurement method |
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