CN105136337A - Raman distributed temperature measurement system based on mode multiplexing and temperature measurement method - Google Patents
Raman distributed temperature measurement system based on mode multiplexing and temperature measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136337A CN105136337A CN201510282098.9A CN201510282098A CN105136337A CN 105136337 A CN105136337 A CN 105136337A CN 201510282098 A CN201510282098 A CN 201510282098A CN 105136337 A CN105136337 A CN 105136337A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Raman distributed temperature measurement system based on mode multiplexing, comprising a pulse laser, a mode multiplexing and de-multiplexing device, a few-mode optical fiber, m Raman filters, 2*m photoelectric detectors, and a signal processor. The mode multiplexing and de-multiplexing device converts received pulse laser into m channels of equal-power light, and carries out mode multiplexing. The few-mode optical fiber receives the m channels of light output by the mode multiplexing and de-multiplexing device, the m channels of light travel in the few-mode optical fiber, then, back scattered light is produced and is reversely transmitted into the mode multiplexing and de-multiplexing device, and the mode multiplexing and de-multiplexing device decomposes the scattered light into m beams of scattered light and outputs the m beams of scattered light. The m Raman filters receive the m beams of scattered light, and filter and output Raman Stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light respectively. The 2*m photoelectric detectors receive the scattered light, carry out photoelectric conversion, and output electrical signals. The signal processor processes the output electrical signals to obtain temperature information. The detection range of the temperature measurement system is increased, and the spatial resolution of the temperature measurement system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to temperature-measuring system of distributed fibers technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing and temp measuring method.
Background technology
Temperature-sensing system is in infrastructure such as highway, tunnel, bridge, hydraulic engineerings, and high voltage cable, underground coal mine, the places such as petrochemical industry have a very wide range of applications.The distributed measurement mode that traditional single point movement formula or multiple electronic sensor networking realize exists and is difficult to install, and is difficult to safeguard, is easily subject to the shortcomings such as electromagnetic interference (EMI).Distributed temperature sensor based on optical-fiber type is a kind of effective means improveing above-mentioned sensor-based system shortcoming, and optical fiber to have insertion loss low, detection range is long, the advantages such as easy laying, can be implemented in line Real-Time Monitoring and forecast, not by electromagnetic interference (EMI), system is simple and safe.
In distributed fiberoptic sensor, distributed Raman temperature sensor make use of the Raman scattering principle in optical fiber, by the Raman Back Scattering light in spread fiber process as transducing signal, can realize monitoring the temperature field of each point in whole piece optical fiber link.
The sensor fibre that existing Raman temp measuring system adopts is multimode optical fiber or single-mode fiber.For the distributed Raman sensor-based system based on multimode optical fiber, it is advantageous that multimode optical fiber has large mode field area and high Raman gain coefficienct, its inferior position is that the loss of multimode optical fiber is larger, cause detection range limited, the crosstalk introduced due to intermode dispersion causes the spatial resolution of sensing not enough.For the distributed Raman sensor-based system based on single-mode fiber, it is advantageous that loss is less, its inferior position is that mode field area is less, and therefore input optical power is limited, and detection range is limited.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing and temp measuring method, improves the technical matters that the detection range of multimode optical fiber of the prior art and single-mode fiber is less.
The application provides a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing, and described temp measuring system comprises:
Pulsed laser, for sending pulse laser;
Mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, is connected with described pulsed laser by single-mode fiber, receives described pulse laser, the pulse laser of reception is transformed to the light of m road constant power, carries out mode multiplexing, and exports;
Less fundamental mode optical fibre, be connected with described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, receive the m road light that described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer exports, the m specified pattern in described m road light stimulus less fundamental mode optical fibre, propagate in described less fundamental mode optical fibre, and producing back-scattering light, back-scattering light reverse transfer enters described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, and scattered light is decomposed into m scattered light and exports by described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer;
M Raman wave filter, is connected with described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer respectively by single-mode fiber, and described Raman wave filter receives a described m scattered light, and exports after Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light respectively filtering;
2m photoelectric conversion module, is connected with described m Raman wave filter respectively, receives m road Raman Stokes ratio and the m road Raman anti Stokes scattering light of corresponding Raman wave filter output, carries out opto-electronic conversion, and export electric signal;
Signal processor, processes the output electric signal of a described 2m photodetector, obtains temperature information.
Preferably, described temp measuring system also comprises and connects described signal processor and described pulsed laser synchronisation source, for the synchronous triggering between pulsed laser and signal processor.
Preferably, described pulsed laser is the pulsed laser of all-fiber, or integrated semiconductor pulse laser.
Preferably, the wavelength of described pulsed laser 11 is 1550.
Preferably, the free transmission range of described Raman wave filter is respectively 1450nm wavelength band and 1660nm wavelength band.
The application also provides a kind of temp measuring method, and be applied in described temp measuring system, described method comprises:
Temperature calibration is carried out, at reference temperature T to the described temp measuring system of the Raman scattering signal of a pattern
0in lower less fundamental mode optical fibre, the anti Stokes scattering of the Raman dorsad power P that the photodetector of described photoelectric conversion module is measured
as1(T
0) and Raman stokes scattering power P
s1(T
0) ratio be:
Wherein K
as1and K
s1be respectively the anti Stokes scattering cross section from transmitting less fundamental mode optical fibre and stokes scattering cross section, v
as1and v
s1the anti-Stokes light transmitted in less fundamental mode optical fibre for the light of this pattern and the frequency of stokes light, h is Planck's constant, Δ v
1for the Raman frequency shift that the light of this pattern produces in less fundamental mode optical fibre, k is Boltzmann constant, α
as1and α
s1the loss factor of the anti-Stokes light that the light being respectively this pattern transmits in less fundamental mode optical fibre and stokes light, L is fiber lengths;
The ratio that under arbitrary temp T, two-way avalanche photodide exports is:
According to formula 1 and formula 2, obtaining temperature distribution history is:
The application's beneficial effect is as follows:
The Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing that the application provides, because fiber transmission attenuation is less, intermode dispersion much smaller than common multimode optical fiber, therefore, not only increase the detection range of temp measuring system, but also improve the spatial resolution of temp measuring system.The distributed Raman temp measuring system fiber transmission attenuation solving existing multimode optical fiber is comparatively large, and due to the impact of intermode dispersion, cause the detection range of temp measuring system and the limited technical matters of spatial resolution.
The Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing that the application provides, in the process that light transmits in less fundamental mode optical fibre, comparatively single-mode fiber is larger for the mode field area of partial mode, higher incident optical power can be tolerated, promote detection range, the mode field area solved due to the sensor fibre of the distributed Raman temp measuring system of single-mode fiber in prior art is less, and incident optical power is limited, the technical matters that detection range is limited.
In addition, the application introduces mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, adopts a sensor fibre (less fundamental mode optical fibre) namely to achieve and multichannelly to measure simultaneously, Measuring Time is reduced greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described by the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment below, apparently, the accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing of the application's better embodiment.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present application, by providing a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing and temp measuring method, improves the technical matters that the detection range of multimode optical fiber of the prior art and single-mode fiber is less.
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and general thought is as follows:
The application provides a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing, and described temp measuring system comprises:
Pulsed laser, for sending pulse laser;
Mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, is connected with described pulsed laser by single-mode fiber, receives described pulse laser, the pulse laser of reception is transformed to the light of m road constant power, carries out mode multiplexing, and exports;
Less fundamental mode optical fibre, be connected with described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, receive the m road light that described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer exports, the m specified pattern in described m road light stimulus less fundamental mode optical fibre, propagate in described less fundamental mode optical fibre, and producing back-scattering light, back-scattering light reverse transfer enters described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, and scattered light is decomposed into m scattered light and exports by described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer;
M Raman wave filter, is connected with described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer respectively by single-mode fiber, and described Raman wave filter receives a described m scattered light, and exports after Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light respectively filtering;
2m photoelectric conversion module, is connected with described m Raman wave filter respectively, receives m road Raman Stokes ratio and the m road Raman anti Stokes scattering light of corresponding Raman wave filter output, carries out opto-electronic conversion, and export electric signal;
Signal processor, processes the output electric signal of a described 2m photodetector, obtains temperature information.
The Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing that the application provides, because fiber transmission attenuation is less, intermode dispersion much smaller than common multimode optical fiber, therefore, not only increase the detection range of temp measuring system, but also improve the spatial resolution of temp measuring system.The distributed Raman temp measuring system fiber transmission attenuation solving existing multimode optical fiber is comparatively large, and due to the impact of intermode dispersion, cause the detection range of temp measuring system and the limited technical matters of spatial resolution.
The Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing that the application provides, in the process that light transmits in less fundamental mode optical fibre, comparatively single-mode fiber is larger for the mode field area of partial mode, higher incident optical power can be tolerated, promote detection range, the mode field area solved due to the sensor fibre of the distributed Raman temp measuring system of single-mode fiber in prior art is less, and incident optical power is limited, the technical matters that detection range is limited.
In addition, the application introduces mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, adopts a sensor fibre (less fundamental mode optical fibre) namely to achieve and multichannelly to measure simultaneously, Measuring Time is reduced greatly.
In order to better understand technique scheme, below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete embodiment, technique scheme is described in detail.
The application provides a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing, as shown in Figure 1, is the structural representation of a kind of Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing of the application's better embodiment.Described temp measuring system comprises pulsed laser 11, mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12, less fundamental mode optical fibre 13, a m Raman wave filter 17,2m photoelectric conversion module 14, signal processor 15 and synchronisation source 16.
Described pulsed laser 11 is for sending pulse laser.Described pulsed laser 11 can be the pulsed laser of all-fiber, or integrated semiconductor pulse laser.In the present embodiment, the wavelength of described pulsed laser 11 is 1550.
Described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 is connected with described pulsed laser by single-mode fiber, and described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 comprises interface A, an interface B and m interface C, and wherein, interface A connects single-mode fiber; Interface B connects described less fundamental mode optical fibre 13, and interface C connects single-mode fiber.
The principle of work of described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 is as follows, described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 receives the input of the pulse laser of described pulsed laser 11 from interface A, again the pulse laser of reception is transformed to the light of m road constant power, carry out mode multiplexing, less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 is entered by interface B, encourage the m specified pattern in less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 simultaneously, propagate in described less fundamental mode optical fibre 13, and produce back-scattering light, back-scattering light reverse transfer enters described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12, and, described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 can according to different mode, the scattered light returned from less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 is decomposed into m road, described m Raman wave filter 17 is entered respectively by m interface C.In the present embodiment, less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 supports n kind pattern, and wherein, n is more than or equal to m.
Described less fundamental mode optical fibre 13, as sensor fibre, can support the less fundamental mode optical fibre of two or more spatial model, pulse laser in less fundamental mode optical fibre only with basic mode LP01 state propagation.Pulse laser with in the process of basement membrane LP01 state propagation, constantly produces backscattering in less fundamental mode optical fibre 13, and back-scattering light turns back to described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12, is input to Raman wave filter 17 through the interface C of described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12.Described less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 is when encouraging its basic mode, and the mode field area of basic mode is larger than the mode field area of general single mode fiber, and intermode dispersion is much smaller than common multimode optical fiber.
Described m Raman wave filter 17 is connected with m interface C of described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 respectively by single-mode fiber.M road scattered light enters described m Raman wave filter 17 respectively.Described Raman wave filter 17 can output to described photoelectric conversion module 14 by after Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light respectively filtering.Raman Stokes light frequency 10-13THz lower than flashlight frequency, Raman anti-Stokes light frequency is than flashlight frequency height 10-13THz.The free transmission range of Raman wave filter 17 is respectively 1450nm wavelength band and 1660nm wavelength band.
2m photoelectric conversion module 14 is connected with described m Raman wave filter 17 respectively, carries out opto-electronic conversion for the m road Raman stokes light that exports the Raman wave filter of correspondence and m road Raman anti-Stokes light, obtains 2m and exports electric signal.
Described signal processor 15 is connected with a described 2m photoelectric conversion module 14, processing, obtaining the temperature distribution information in less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 for exporting electric signal to 2m.
Described synchronisation source 16 connects described signal processor 15 and pulsed laser 11, for the synchronous triggering between pulsed laser 11 and signal processor 15.
Described temp measuring system specific works process is as follows: described pulsed laser 11 sends pulse laser, described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 receives the input of the pulse laser of described pulsed laser 11 from interface A, again the pulse laser of reception is transformed to the light of m road constant power, carry out mode multiplexing, less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 is entered by interface B, encourage the m specified pattern in less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 simultaneously, propagate in described less fundamental mode optical fibre 13, and produce back-scattering light, back-scattering light reverse transfer enters described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12, and, described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer 12 can according to different mode, the scattered light returned from less fundamental mode optical fibre 13 is decomposed into m road, described m Raman wave filter 17 is entered respectively by m interface C.Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light is leached by Raman wave filter 17, and export to corresponding electric modular converter 14 respectively, carry out opto-electronic conversion, the output signal of described signal processor 15 pairs of photodetectors 14 processes, and obtains temperature information.
The Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing that the application provides, because fiber transmission attenuation is less, intermode dispersion much smaller than common multimode optical fiber, therefore, not only increase the detection range of temp measuring system, but also improve the spatial resolution of temp measuring system.The distributed Raman temp measuring system fiber transmission attenuation solving existing multimode optical fiber is comparatively large, and due to the impact of intermode dispersion, cause the detection range of temp measuring system and the limited technical matters of spatial resolution.The light source that the application is used and reception optical device are single mode device.
The Raman distributed temp measuring system based on mode multiplexing that the application provides, in the process that light transmits in less fundamental mode optical fibre, comparatively single-mode fiber is larger for the mode field area of partial mode, higher incident optical power can be tolerated, promote detection range, the mode field area solved due to the sensor fibre of the distributed Raman temp measuring system of single-mode fiber in prior art is less, and incident optical power is limited, the technical matters that detection range is limited.
In addition, the application introduces mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, adopts a sensor fibre (less fundamental mode optical fibre) namely to achieve and multichannelly to measure simultaneously, Measuring Time is reduced greatly.
The application also provides a kind of temp measuring method, is applied to above-mentioned based in the Raman distributed temp measuring system of mode multiplexing.Following steps according to utilizing the Raman temperature-measurement principle of Raman stokes scattering and the demodulation of Raman anti Stokes scattering two-way can obtain signal transacting:
First, for the Raman scattering signal of certain pattern, temperature calibration is carried out, at reference temperature T to Raman temp measuring system
0in lower whole section of less fundamental mode optical fibre, the anti Stokes scattering of the Raman dorsad power P that the photodetector of photoelectric conversion module 14 is measured
as1(T
0) and Raman stokes scattering power P
s1(T
0) ratio be:
Wherein K
as1and K
s1be respectively the anti Stokes scattering cross section from transmitting less fundamental mode optical fibre and stokes scattering cross section, v
as1and v
s1the anti-Stokes light transmitted in less fundamental mode optical fibre for the light of this pattern and the frequency of stokes light, h is Planck's constant, Δ v
1for the Raman frequency shift that the light of this pattern produces in less fundamental mode optical fibre, k is Boltzmann constant, α
as1and α
s1the loss factor of the anti-Stokes light that the light being respectively this pattern transmits in less fundamental mode optical fibre and stokes light, L is fiber lengths.
Then trying to achieve the ratio that two-way avalanche photodide exports under arbitrary temp T is:
Can obtain formula from above-mentioned (1) (2) two:
Can be in the hope of temperature distribution history:
The ratio R (T) being defined by Raman anti-Stokes light that two photodetectors detect and Stokes luminous power is:
R
1(T)＝P
as1(T)/P
s1(T)(5)
By (1) formula reference temperature T
0, (4) formula and (5) formula, by measuring the ratio R of anti-Stokes light and Stokes luminous power
1(T) Temperature Distribution in the optical fiber link that the flash ranging that, can obtain the pattern exported by C port obtains.
In like manner, the Raman scattering signal in different mode is processed, the Temperature Distribution in another group optical fiber link can be obtained simultaneously.After obtaining the distribution situation in m group optical fiber link at the same time, can eliminate by average weighted mode the impact that noise in link brings, greatly shorten Measuring Time.
Although describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art once obtain the basic creative concept of cicada, then can make other change and amendment to these embodiments.So claims are intended to be interpreted as comprising preferred embodiment and falling into all changes and the amendment of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (6)
1. based on a Raman distributed temp measuring system for mode multiplexing, it is characterized in that, described temp measuring system comprises:
Pulsed laser, for sending pulse laser;
Mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, is connected with described pulsed laser by single-mode fiber, receives described pulse laser, the pulse laser of reception is transformed to the light of m road constant power, carries out mode multiplexing, and exports;
Less fundamental mode optical fibre, be connected with described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, receive the m road light that described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer exports, the m specified pattern in described m road light stimulus less fundamental mode optical fibre, propagate in described less fundamental mode optical fibre, and producing back-scattering light, back-scattering light reverse transfer enters described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer, and scattered light is decomposed into m scattered light and exports by described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer;
M Raman wave filter, is connected with described mode multiplexing demodulation multiplexer respectively by single-mode fiber, and described Raman wave filter receives a described m scattered light, and exports after Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light respectively filtering;
2m photoelectric conversion module, is connected with described m Raman wave filter respectively, receives m road Raman Stokes ratio and the m road Raman anti Stokes scattering light of corresponding Raman wave filter output, carries out opto-electronic conversion, and export electric signal;
Signal processor, processes the output electric signal of a described 2m photodetector, obtains temperature information.
2. temp measuring system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described temp measuring system also comprises and connects described signal processor and described pulsed laser synchronisation source, for the synchronous triggering between pulsed laser and signal processor.
3. temp measuring system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described pulsed laser is the pulsed laser of all-fiber, or integrated semiconductor pulse laser.
4. temp measuring system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the wavelength of described pulsed laser 11 is 1550.
5. temp measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the free transmission range of described Raman wave filter is respectively 1450nm wavelength band and 1660nm wavelength band.
6. a temp measuring method, be applied in the temp measuring system as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Temperature calibration is carried out, at reference temperature T to the described temp measuring system of the Raman scattering signal of a pattern
0in lower less fundamental mode optical fibre, the anti Stokes scattering of the Raman dorsad power P that the photodetector of described photoelectric conversion module is measured
as1(T
0) and Raman stokes scattering power P
s1(T
0) ratio be:
Wherein K
as1and K
s1be respectively the anti Stokes scattering cross section from transmitting less fundamental mode optical fibre and stokes scattering cross section, v
as1and v
s1the anti-Stokes light transmitted in less fundamental mode optical fibre for the light of this pattern and the frequency of stokes light, h is Planck's constant, Δ v
1for the Raman frequency shift that the light of this pattern produces in less fundamental mode optical fibre, k is Boltzmann constant, α
as1and α
s1the loss factor of the anti-Stokes light that the light being respectively this pattern transmits in less fundamental mode optical fibre and stokes light, L is fiber lengths;
The ratio that under arbitrary temp T, two-way avalanche photodide exports is:
According to formula 1 and formula 2, obtaining temperature distribution history is:
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| CN108181025A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-19 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of optical fiber composite overhead ground wire thermal fault on-line monitoring method |
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| US12019200B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2024-06-25 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Downhole monitoring using few-mode optical fiber based distributed acoustic sensing |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |