CN105136178A - Chaos Brillouin optical coherence domain analysis distributed optical fiber sensing device and method - Google Patents
Chaos Brillouin optical coherence domain analysis distributed optical fiber sensing device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed optical fiber sensing system, and in particular relates to a chaos Brillouin optical coherence domain analysis distributed optical fiber sensing device and method. According to the invention, the problems of unavailable spatial resolution and sensing distance combination, severely limited sensing distance and low spatial resolution of the existing distributed optical fiber sensing system are solved. The chaos Brillouin optical coherence domain analysis distributed optical fiber sensing device comprises a wide spectrum chaos semiconductor laser, a 1*2 optical fiber coupler, an optical scrambler, an optical isolator, a first optical amplifier, a variable optical delay line, a second optical amplifier, an optical circulator, a sensing optical fiber, a tunable optical filter, a broadband gain photodetector, a data acquisition device, a signal processing device and a display device. The device and the method, which are provided by the invention, are applicable to the field of distributed optical fiber sensing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributed optical fiber sensing system, the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment of specifically a kind of chaos Brillouin light coherent field analysis and method.
Background technology
Distributed optical fiber sensing system because having distributed measurement, the advantage such as monitoring distance is long, spatial resolution is high, the response time is fast, electromagnetism interference, be widely used in the fields such as Aero-Space, petrochemical complex, power industry, nuclear industry, civil engineering work and military affairs.At present, distributed optical fiber sensing system can be divided into following three kinds according to the scattering mechanism in optical fiber: the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Rayleigh scattering, the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Raman scattering, distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin scattering.Wherein, the measuring accuracy that can reach in temperature with strain measurement due to it based on the distributed optical fiber sensing system of Brillouin scattering, distance sensing, spatial resolution are compared other two kinds of distributed optical fiber sensing systems and are had obvious advantage, and can realize measuring while temperature and strain, and become the study hotspot in this field.
Under prior art conditions, the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin scattering can be divided into the following two kinds: based on the distributed optical fiber sensing system of Brillouin light time domain, the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin light coherent field.Wherein, distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin light time domain limit because of himself principle, the problem that Existential Space resolution is low, Measuring Time is long, cause its scope of application critical constraints (such as, its distributed sensing not being suitable for the configuration states such as aircraft wing, rocket and wind turbine blade detects).Distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin light coherent field can be divided into the following two kinds again: based on Brillouin light coherent field reflection (BOCDR, BrillouinOpticalCorrelationDomainReflectometry) distributed optical fiber sensing system, the distributed optical fiber sensing system of (BOCDA, BrillouinOpticalCorrelationDomainAnalysis) is analyzed based on Brillouin light coherent field.Compared to the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin light time domain, the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin light coherent field can significantly improve spatial resolution.Such as, the people such as the KazuoHotate of Tokyo Univ Japan propose to utilize sinusoidal signal to carry out frequency modulation (PFM) to light source, relevant peak can be configured to there is periodic coherence function, thus realize the BOCDR system (OpticsExpress that distance sensing is 100m, spatial resolution is 40cm, 2008, vol.16, no.16,12148).Again such as, the people such as the KazuoHotate of Tokyo Univ Japan utilize sinusoidal signal frequency modulated light source to export, and construct the BOCDA system (PhotonicsTechnologyLetters that distance sensing is 20m, spatial resolution is 10cm, 2007, vol.19, no.23,1928).But the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin light coherent field limit because of himself principle, there is the problem cannot taking into account spatial resolution and distance sensing.
In order to the distributed optical fiber sensing system overcome based on Brillouin light coherent field cannot take into account the problem of spatial resolution and distance sensing, Chinese patent ZL201310045097.3 discloses a kind of distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment based on chaotic laser light signal coherence method and measuring method thereof.But, this device and measuring method thereof limit because of himself principle, there is distance sensing critical constraints, problem that spatial resolution is low, specifically be described below: on the one hand, this device and measuring method thereof are based on the spontaneous brillouin scattering process implementation in sensor fibre, the Stokes optical signal power produced due to the spontaneous brillouin scattering in sensor fibre is lower, causes its distance sensing to be severely limited.On the other hand, in this device and measuring method thereof, back scattered Stokes light signal is relative to the chaotic laser light signal as reference signal, and its spectral width creates and obviously narrows, and causes its spatial resolution significantly to reduce.
Based on this, be necessary to invent a kind of brand-new distributed optical fiber sensing system, spatial resolution and distance sensing, distance sensing critical constraints, problem that spatial resolution is low cannot be taken into account to solve existing distributed optical fiber sensing system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention cannot take into account spatial resolution and distance sensing, distance sensing critical constraints, problem that spatial resolution is low to solve existing distributed optical fiber sensing system, provides distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment and method that a kind of chaos Brillouin light coherent field analyzes.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment that chaos Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, comprises wide range chaos semiconductor laser, 1 × 2 fiber coupler, light scrambler, optoisolator, the first image intensifer, variable optical delay line, the second image intensifer, optical circulator, sensor fibre, adjustable light wave-filter, wideband gain photodetector, data collector, signal processing apparatus, display device;
Wherein, the exit end of wide range chaos semiconductor laser is connected with the incidence end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler;
First exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with light scrambler; The exit end of light scrambler is connected with the incidence end of optoisolator by single-mode fiber jumper; The exit end of optoisolator is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with the first image intensifer; The exit end of the first image intensifer is connected with one end of sensor fibre;
Second exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler is connected with the incidence end of variable optical delay line by single-mode fiber jumper; The exit end of variable optical delay line is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with the second image intensifer; The exit end of the second image intensifer is connected with the incidence end of optical circulator by single-mode fiber jumper; The reflection end of optical circulator is connected with the other end of sensor fibre;
The exit end of optical circulator is connected with the incidence end of adjustable light wave-filter by single-mode fiber jumper; The exit end of adjustable light wave-filter is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with wideband gain photodetector; The signal output part of wideband gain photodetector is connected with the signal input part of data collector by coaxial cable for high frequency; The signal output part of data collector is connected with the signal input part of signal processing apparatus by coaxial cable for high frequency; The signal output part of signal processing apparatus is connected with the signal input part of display device.
The distributing optical fiber sensing method (the method realizes in the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment of chaos Brillouin light coherent field of the present invention analysis) that chaos Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. the wide range chaotic laser light signal that wide range chaos semiconductor laser sends is divided into two-way through 1 × 2 fiber coupler: first via wide range chaotic laser light signal is as detection light signal, and second has a lot of social connections spectrum chaotic laser light signal as pump light signals; Detection light signal carries out disturbing partially through light scrambler, optoisolator, the first image intensifer, isolate, is amplified into sensor fibre successively; Pump light signals carries out postponing through variable optical delay line, the second image intensifer, optical circulator successively, amplify, go in ring after enter sensor fibre;
B. detect light signal and a certain position generation stimulated Brillouin scattering effect of pump light signals in sensor fibre, produce Stokes light signal thus; Stokes light signal and pump light signals interfere beat frequency effect, produce beat frequency light signal thus; Beat frequency light signal enters adjustable light wave-filter after optical circulator carries out going in ring, and enters wideband gain photodetector after adjustable light wave-filter filtering noise, is then converted to electric signal through wideband gain photodetector; Electric signal carries out entering signal processing apparatus after A/D conversion through data collector, and analyze through signal processing apparatus, obtain thus detecting temperature and the strain information that the position of stimulated Brillouin scattering effect occurs in sensor fibre for light signal and pump light signals; The light path of pump light signals can be regulated by variable optical delay line, make to detect light signal and the diverse location place generation stimulated Brillouin scattering effect of pump light signals in sensor fibre, obtain temperature and the strain information of any position in sensor fibre thus; Temperature and strain information are shown by display device.
Compared with existing distributed optical fiber sensing system, distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment and the method tool of chaos Brillouin light coherent field of the present invention analysis have the following advantages: one, compared with the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on Brillouin light coherent field, the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment of chaos Brillouin light coherent field of the present invention analysis and method utilize chaotic laser light signal to carry out distributing optical fiber sensing detection, due to the laser signal that chaotic laser light signal is a kind of Low coherence state, the light signal that can only copy completely with it produces relevant effect, therefore the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment of chaos Brillouin light coherent field analysis of the present invention and the spatial resolution of method are only determined by the coherent length of chaotic laser light signal, and have nothing to do with distance sensing, it can take into account spatial resolution and distance sensing completely thus, thus the distributed optical fiber sensing system thoroughly overcome based on Brillouin light coherent field cannot take into account the problem of spatial resolution and distance sensing.They are two years old, compared with the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment based on chaotic laser light signal coherence method a kind of disclosed in Chinese patent ZL201310045097.3 and measuring method thereof, distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment and the method tool of chaos Brillouin light coherent field of the present invention analysis have the following advantages: on the one hand, this device and method realizes based on the Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Process in sensor fibre, the Stokes optical signal power produced relative to spontaneous brillouin scattering due to the Stokes light signal of the stimulated Brillouin scattering generation in sensor fibre is higher, distance sensing is made to obtain very big expansion.On the other hand, in this device and method, because the interfere beat frequency process between Stokes light signal and pump light signals and Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Process carry out simultaneously, not only make Stokes light signal its spectrum in transmitting procedure can not be subject to the impact of optical fiber transmission property, and make the spectral width of Stokes light signal to produce the phenomenon that narrows, (test shows to make spatial resolution be greatly improved thus, the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment of chaos Brillouin light coherent field of the present invention analysis and the distance sensing of method can reach hundreds of kilometer, spatial resolution can reach submillimeter magnitude).
The present invention efficiently solves existing distributed optical fiber sensing system cannot take into account spatial resolution and distance sensing, distance sensing critical constraints, problem that spatial resolution is low, is applicable to distributing optical fiber sensing field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment that chaos Brillouin light coherent field of the present invention is analyzed.
In figure: 1-wide range chaos semiconductor laser, 2-1 × 2 fiber coupler, 3-light scrambler, 4-optoisolator, 5-first image intensifer, 6-variable optical delay line, 7-second image intensifer, 8-optical circulator, 9-sensor fibre, 10-adjustable light wave-filter, 11-wideband gain photodetector, 12-data collector, 13-signal processing apparatus, 14-display device.
Embodiment
The distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment that chaos Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, comprises wide range chaos semiconductor laser 1,1 × 2 fiber coupler 2, light scrambler 3, optoisolator 4, first image intensifer 5, variable optical delay line 6, second image intensifer 7, optical circulator 8, sensor fibre 9, adjustable light wave-filter 10, wideband gain photodetector 11, data collector 12, signal processing apparatus 13, display device 14;
Wherein, the exit end of wide range chaos semiconductor laser 1 is connected with the incidence end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 2;
First exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 2 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with light scrambler 3; The exit end of light scrambler 3 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with optoisolator 4; The exit end of optoisolator 4 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with the first image intensifer 5; The exit end of the first image intensifer 5 is connected with one end of sensor fibre 9;
Second exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 2 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with variable optical delay line 6; The exit end of variable optical delay line 6 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with the second image intensifer 7; The exit end of the second image intensifer 7 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with optical circulator 8; The reflection end of optical circulator 8 is connected with the other end of sensor fibre 9;
The exit end of optical circulator 8 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with adjustable light wave-filter 10; The exit end of adjustable light wave-filter 10 is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with wideband gain photodetector 11; The signal output part of wideband gain photodetector 11 is connected by the signal input part of coaxial cable for high frequency with data collector 12; The signal output part of data collector 12 is connected by the signal input part of coaxial cable for high frequency with signal processing apparatus 13; The signal output part of signal processing apparatus 13 is connected with the signal input part of display device 14.
The distributing optical fiber sensing method (the method realizes in the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment of chaos Brillouin light coherent field of the present invention analysis) that chaos Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. the wide range chaotic laser light signal that wide range chaos semiconductor laser 1 sends is divided into two-way through 1 × 2 fiber coupler 2: first via wide range chaotic laser light signal is as detection light signal, and second has a lot of social connections spectrum chaotic laser light signal as pump light signals; Detection light signal carries out disturbing partially through light scrambler 3, optoisolator 4, first image intensifer 5, isolate, is amplified into sensor fibre 9 successively; Pump light signals carries out postponing through variable optical delay line 6, second image intensifer 7, optical circulator 8 successively, amplify, go in ring after enter sensor fibre 9;
B. detect light signal and a certain position generation stimulated Brillouin scattering effect of pump light signals in sensor fibre 9, produce Stokes light signal thus; Stokes light signal and pump light signals interfere beat frequency effect, produce beat frequency light signal thus; Beat frequency light signal enters adjustable light wave-filter 10 after optical circulator 8 carries out going in ring, and enters wideband gain photodetector 11 after adjustable light wave-filter 10 filtering noise, is then converted to electric signal through wideband gain photodetector 11; Electric signal enters signal processing apparatus 13 after data collector 12 carries out A/D conversion, and analyze through signal processing apparatus 13, obtain thus detecting temperature and the strain information that the position of stimulated Brillouin scattering effect occurs in sensor fibre 9 for light signal and pump light signals; The light path of pump light signals can be regulated by variable optical delay line 6, make to detect light signal and the diverse location place generation stimulated Brillouin scattering effect of pump light signals in sensor fibre 9, obtain temperature and the strain information of any position in sensor fibre 9 thus; Temperature and strain information are shown by display device 14.
During concrete enforcement, wide range chaos semiconductor laser 1 is made up of any two DFB semiconductor laser without built in light isolator, linear chirp optical fiber grating, adjustable optical attenuator, Polarization Controller, fiber coupler.The centre wavelength of wide range chaos semiconductor laser 1 is 1550nm, spectral width is greater than 100GHz.The coupling ratio of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 2 is 50:50.First image intensifer 5 adopts Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) or semiconductor optical amplifier.The multichannel classification fibre delay line that variable optical delay line 6 adopts photoswitch to control the automatically controlled variable optical delay line of MDL-002 type of connecting combine.Second image intensifer 7 adopts Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) or semiconductor optical amplifier.Sensor fibre 9 adopts G652 series single-mode fiber, and its length is 200km.Wideband gain photodetector 11 adopts Newport1554-B type photodetector.
Claims (2)
1. a distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment for chaos Brillouin light coherent field analysis, is characterized in that: comprise wide range chaos semiconductor laser (1), 1 × 2 fiber coupler (2), light scrambler (3), optoisolator (4), the first image intensifer (5), variable optical delay line (6), the second image intensifer (7), optical circulator (8), sensor fibre (9), adjustable light wave-filter (10), wideband gain photodetector (11), data collector (12), signal processing apparatus (13), display device (14);
Wherein, the exit end of wide range chaos semiconductor laser (1) is connected with the incidence end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler (2);
First exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler (2) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with light scrambler (3); The exit end of light scrambler (3) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with optoisolator (4); The exit end of optoisolator (4) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with the first image intensifer (5); The exit end of the first image intensifer (5) is connected with one end of sensor fibre (9);
Second exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler (2) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with variable optical delay line (6); The exit end of variable optical delay line (6) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with the second image intensifer (7); The exit end of the second image intensifer (7) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with optical circulator (8); The reflection end of optical circulator (8) is connected with the other end of sensor fibre (9);
The exit end of optical circulator (8) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with adjustable light wave-filter (10); The exit end of adjustable light wave-filter (10) is connected by the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper with wideband gain photodetector (11); The signal output part of wideband gain photodetector (11) is connected by the signal input part of coaxial cable for high frequency with data collector (12); The signal output part of data collector (12) is connected by the signal input part of coaxial cable for high frequency with signal processing apparatus (13); The signal output part of signal processing apparatus (13) is connected with the signal input part of display device (14).
2. the distributing optical fiber sensing method of a chaos Brillouin light coherent field analysis, the method realizes in the distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment of chaos Brillouin light coherent field as claimed in claim 1 analysis, it is characterized in that: the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. the wide range chaotic laser light signal that wide range chaos semiconductor laser (1) sends is divided into two-way through 1 × 2 fiber coupler (2): first via wide range chaotic laser light signal is as detection light signal, and second has a lot of social connections spectrum chaotic laser light signal as pump light signals; Detection light signal carries out disturbing partially through light scrambler (3), optoisolator (4), the first image intensifer (5), isolate, is amplified into sensor fibre (9) successively; Pump light signals carries out postponing through variable optical delay line (6), the second image intensifer (7), optical circulator (8) successively, amplify, go in ring after enter sensor fibre (9);
B. detect light signal and a certain position generation stimulated Brillouin scattering effect of pump light signals in sensor fibre (9), produce Stokes light signal thus; Stokes light signal and pump light signals interfere beat frequency effect, produce beat frequency light signal thus; Beat frequency light signal through optical circulator (8) carry out go in ring after enter adjustable light wave-filter (10), and wideband gain photodetector (11) is entered after adjustable light wave-filter (10) filtering noise, be then converted to electric signal through wideband gain photodetector (11); Electric signal enters signal processing apparatus (13) after data collector (12) carries out A/D conversion, and analyze through signal processing apparatus (13), obtain the temperature and the strain information that detect light signal and pump light signals position of generation stimulated Brillouin scattering effect in sensor fibre (9) thus; The light path of pump light signals can be regulated by variable optical delay line (6), make to detect light signal and the diverse location place generation stimulated Brillouin scattering effect of pump light signals in sensor fibre (9), obtain temperature and the strain information of any position in sensor fibre (9) thus; Temperature and strain information are shown by display device (14).
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