CN105928634A - High-voltage cable temperature measuring device and method for single-ended Brillouin optical coherence domain analysis - Google Patents
High-voltage cable temperature measuring device and method for single-ended Brillouin optical coherence domain analysis Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/322—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Brillouin scattering
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Abstract
The invention relates to high-voltage cable temperature measurement and particularly to a high-voltage cable temperature measuring device and method for single-ended Brillouin optical coherence domain analysis. The method and the device solve the problem that a BOCDA system in the prior art is double-ended and a breakpoint in a sensing fiber can cause the system to fail and not work, so that application of the system is subjected to certain restrictions. The device comprises a detection signal source, a first fiber coupler, a single sideband modulator, a first light amplifier, an optical scrambler, a photoelectric modulator, a pulse signal generator, a light-modulatable delay line, a second optical amplifier, a second fiber coupler, an optical circulator, a sensing fiber, a fiber ring, an optical band pass filter, a photoelectric detector, a data collection card, and a computer. The detection signal source is a super-radiation light-emitting diode or a broad-spectrum chaotic semiconductor laser or an ASE noise source. The device adopts a single-ended BOCDA sensing system and can avoid the restriction of a double-ended BOCDA sensing system which cannot work normally due to a breakpoint in a fiber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high tension cable thermometric, the temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that the most single-ended Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed
And method.
Background technology
High tension cable is the Main Means of power system middle and long distance transmission high-power power, is called national economy
" blood vessel " and " neural ".In order to run more safely and steadly, high tension cable uses the mode of underground laying, such as: cable tunnel
Road, cable duct, direct buried etc..Due to underground laying bad environments and the heavy-duty service of high tension cable, high tension cable is easily
Aging, cause cable security incident to take place frequently.
The current-carrying capacity of high tension cable is closely related with the temperature of cable conductor, according to the temperature changing trend of high tension cable,
Its running status can be assessed, find the event of overload of high tension cable in time, thus improve the service life of high tension cable, prevent
The generation of cable fault.
At present, the method for domestic and international Monitoring High Voltage Cable temperature, be broadly divided into according to temperature location mode: 1) point type thermometric
Technology;2) quasi-distributed thermometry;3) distributed temperature measuring technology.Point type thermometry mainly uses thermal resistance or thermocouple,
But the on-line monitoring to whole piece high tension cable temperature can not be realized, it is impossible to find its overtemperature failure condition in time.Quasi-distributed survey
Temperature technique mainly use fiber grating as sensor, but, its monitoring distance is relevant with the quantity of monitoring point, to monitoring several
The high tension cable of ten kilometers, the quantity of monitoring point can sharply increase, and this can cause the demodulating process of signal complicated, system reliable
Property and Financial cost are all difficult to accept.
Distributed temperature measuring technology mainly uses optical fibers as temperature sensor, Raman based on optical fiber or Brillouin scattering effect
Should, it is achieved the continuous real-time monitoring to whole piece high tension cable each point temperature.Distributed temperature measuring technology based on fiber raman scattering
(Chinese invention patent, CN 103364107 A), monitoring distance is shorter, it is impossible to meet the temperature prison of tens kilometers of high tension cables
Survey.Brillouin intensity an order of magnitude higher than Raman scattering intensities, has on the temperature monitoring to distance high tension cable
There is advantage larger.
Distributed temperature measuring technology based on optical fiber Brillouin scattering effect, can be divided into: time domain system and coherent field system two
Class.Time domain system uses pulse signal to realize the location (Chinese invention patent, CN 105157872 A) of high tension cable temperature, its
There is contradiction between monitoring distance and spatial resolution, cause spatial resolution typically at several meters.The lowest spatial resolution
The temperature evaluation current-carrying capacity utilizing high tension cable can be caused to there is bigger error, it is impossible to correct reflection high tension cable is transported really
Row situation.In order to improve the spatial resolution of system, based on frequency by the continuous light of sinusoidal signal modulation as detectable signal
Coherent field system is used, including: Brillouin light coherent field reflection technology (BOCDR, Brillouin Optical
Correlation Domain Reflectometry) and Brillouin light coherent field analytical technology (BOCDA, Brillouin
Optical Correlation Domain Analysis).Relative to BOCDR system (Optics Express, 2008,
Vol.16, no.16,12148), BOCDA system have bigger monitoring distance (Optics Express, 2012,
Vol.20, no.24,27094).But, principle still suffers from the contradictory problems between monitoring distance and spatial resolution.
Recently, we have proposed and utilize chaotic laser light (Chinese invention patent, CN 105136178 A) to substitute existing BOCDA system intermediate frequency
Rate is realized the distributed sensing of fiber optic temperature by the continuous light of sinusoidal signal modulation, solves monitoring distance and spatial resolution
Contradiction, but, BOCDA system disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 105136178 A needs to note respectively at sensor fibre two ends
Enter pump light and detection light (being double-end type), systemic breakdown when sensor fibre occurs breakpoint, can be caused to work,
Therefore, being applied in high tension cable temperature survey by BOCDA distributed optical fiber sensing system based on chaotic laser light, its application is subject to
To certain restriction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves existing BOCDA system to be needed to be injected separately into pump light at sensor fibre two ends and detect light (to be
Double-end type), systemic breakdown can be caused when sensor fibre occurs breakpoint to work, therefore, application is necessarily restricted
Problem, it is provided that a kind of single-ended Brillouin light coherent field analyzes the temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable of (BOCDA) and method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization: the high tension cable thermometric that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed fills
Putting, detectable signal source is connected by the incidence end of a single-mode fiber jumper with first fiber coupler with two exit ends
Connect;The top exit end of the first fiber coupler utilizes single-mode fiber jumper to be sequentially connected to single side-band modulator, the first light amplification
The top incidence end of device, light scrambler and the second fiber coupler;The lower section exit end of the first fiber coupler utilizes single-mode optics
The lower section that fine wire jumper is sequentially connected to electrooptic modulator, variable optical delay line, the second image intensifer and the second fiber coupler is incident
End, electrooptic modulator is connected with pulse signal generator;The exit end of the second fiber coupler utilizes single-mode fiber jumper and light
The incidence end of circulator connects;The reflection end of optical circulator is connected with one end of the sensor fibre of high tension cable to be measured, height to be measured
The other end of the sensor fibre of voltage cable is connected to fiber optic loop;Optical circulator exit end utilizes single-mode fiber jumper to be sequentially connected to light belt
Bandpass filter and the signal input part of photodetector;The signal output part of photodetector is connected by coaxial cable for high frequency to be had
Data collecting card, data collecting card is connected with computer;Described detectable signal source is super-radiance light emitting diode
(superluminescent diode, SLD) or wide range chaos semiconductor laser or ASE noise source.
The high tension cable temp measuring method that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, the method is at single-ended background of cloth of the present invention
Realizing in the temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that deep pool light coherent field is analyzed, the method is to use following steps to realize:
The wide spectral light signal of detectable signal source output is divided into two-way through the first fiber coupler, that above it, exit end sends
Road is as detection light, and another road that lower section exit end sends is as pump light;Detection light first passes through single side-band modulator and is modulated into
One Stokes detection sideband, the detection light after modulation is after the first image intensifer amplifies, then incides through light scrambler
Incidence end on the upside of second fiber coupler;Transmission range can be greatly enhanced after detection light amplified raising power, and can strengthen
Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Process, thus improve the thermometric distance of sensor fibre;The effect of light scrambler can curb polarization state
Impact on sensor-based system.
The pump light of exit end output below first fiber coupler, after electrooptic modulator, by pulse signal generator
Produced pulse signal modulation, the pump light after modulation controls pump light and the list transmitted in opposite directions through variable optical delay line
Sideband detection light position of relevant effect in sensor fibre;Pump light signals after delay is amplified through the second image intensifer again
After, sufficiently high power can be obtained, to ensure that any position in whole sensor fibre and single-side belt detection light are subject to
Swash brillouin gain effect;Pump light after amplification is again incident on incidence end on the downside of the second fiber coupler.
The single-side belt detection light and the pump light being pulse modulation that export from the exit end of the second fiber coupler incide
Incidence end on the left of optical circulator, and inject sensor fibre from the reflection end of optical circulator;The other end at sensor fibre connects
Fiber optic loop constitute broadband mirrors;Stokes sideband detection light and the phase reflected is made by regulation variable optical delay line
Pump light to transmission meets, and interferes with pump light and produce interference beat frequency optical signal;Interfere beat frequency optical signal from ring
The exit end output of row device, interference beat frequency optical signal is after optical band pass filter leaches, then is received by photodetector, will simultaneously
It is converted into the signal of telecommunication, then the signal of telecommunication detected is input to data collecting card, the signal that data collecting card will collect
After A/D changes, it is input to computer, utilizes computer that beat signal is analyzed and process obtains high tension cable somewhere
Temperature regime.
Compared with existing high tension cable thermometry, the present invention uses the BOCDA sensor-based system of single-ended structure, the most permissible
Excited Brillouin gain effect based on optical fiber, it is achieved the distance of high tension cable temperature is monitored, both-end can be avoided again
The restricted problem that cannot normally work when breakpoint occurring in BOCDA sensor-based system optical fiber.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable of the present invention uses the first fibre optic installations mode.
Fig. 2 is present invention schematic diagram of high tension cable cross section when using the second fibre optic installations mode.
In figure, 1-detectable signal source;2-the first fiber coupler;3-single side-band modulator;4-the first image intensifer;
5-light scrambler;6-electrooptic modulator;7-pulse signal generator;8-variable optical delay line;9-the second image intensifer;
10-the second fiber coupler;11-optical circulator;12-sensor fibre;13-fiber optic loop;14-optical band pass filter;15-
Photodetector;16-data collecting card;17-computer;18-high tension cable;19-cable tunnel or cable duct.
Detailed description of the invention
The temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, detectable signal source 1 is by a single-mode fiber
Wire jumper is connected with the incidence end of first fiber coupler 2 with two exit ends;The top exit end of the first fiber coupler
Single-mode fiber jumper is utilized sequentially to be connected to single side-band modulator the 3, first image intensifer 4, light scrambler 5 and the second fiber coupler
The top incidence end of 10;The lower section exit end of the first fiber coupler 2 utilizes single-mode fiber jumper to be sequentially connected to electrooptic modulator
6, variable optical delay line the 8, second image intensifer 9 and the lower section incidence end of the second fiber coupler 10, electrooptic modulator 6 and pulse
Signal generator 7 connects;The exit end of the second fiber coupler 10 utilizes the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper and optical circulator 11
Connect;The reflection end of optical circulator 11 is connected with one end of the sensor fibre 12 of high tension cable 18 to be measured, high tension cable 18 to be measured
The other end of sensor fibre 12 be connected to fiber optic loop 13;Optical circulator 11 exit end utilizes single-mode fiber jumper to be sequentially connected to light belt
Bandpass filter 14 and the signal input part of photodetector 15;The signal output part of photodetector 15 passes through coaxial cable for high frequency
Connecting has data collecting card 16, data collecting card 16 to be connected with computer 17;Described detectable signal source 1 is superradiation light-emitting two
(superluminescent diode, SLD) or wide range chaos semiconductor laser or ASE noise source are managed in pole.
When being embodied as, detectable signal source 1 preferred super-radiance light emitting diode i.e. SLD light source.SLD light source, is a kind of wide
Spectrum, high-output power, high reliability, the semiconductor light-emitting device of low coherence, its optical property between LD and LED it
Between, have wide spectrum and powerful advantage concurrently.SLD light source is mainly by luminous tube tube core, thermal resistor and semiconductor cooler
Composition.The most commercial SLD light source is the most ripe, can be with output spectral width as 150nm, and Output optical power reaches the light of 200mW
Signal.The detectable signal used is the wide spectrum optical signal of SLD output, has low-down coherence length, and this coherence length is certainly
Determine the spatial resolution of the present invention, and unrelated with distance sensing.This fundamentally solves traditional pulse temporal sensing
System or frequency by the continuous light coherent field sensor-based system of Sine Modulated during Monitoring High Voltage Cable temperature, monitoring distance and
Contradiction between spatial resolution.Employing light source is SLD, has the respective advantage of LD and LED concurrently, can obtain wide spectrum, Low coherence
State, high-power optical signal.SLD is more simpler than chaotic laser light source structure, more wider than the spectrum of chaotic laser light, Output optical power
Higher;More simpler than erbium-doped fiber amplifier or semiconductor optical amplifier structure, higher than the power of ASE noise light signal.
Therefore, BOCDA distributed optical fiber sensing system based on SLD, more distributed than BOCDA based on chaotic laser light source and image intensifer
Sensor-based system has greater compactness of structure, and monitoring distance is farther, and spatial resolution is higher.
When being embodied as, the coupling ratio of the first fiber coupler 2 is 50:50;First image intensifer 4 and the second image intensifer
9 use commercial erbium-doped fiber amplifier or semiconductor optical amplifier;Variable optical delay line 8 uses the multichannel classification that photoswitch controls
Fibre delay line series connection high precision electric control variable optical delay line cascading forms, such as, and AM General photoelectricity company automatically controlled
Variable optical delay line MDL-002, its delay resolution is less than 0.3 micron, to ensure that apparatus of the present invention realize distance and high-altitude
Between resolution sensing temperature detection.
The sensor fibre 12 of high tension cable temp measuring system of the present invention can use two kinds of system of layings, and the first applies
If mode is that sensor fibre is attached directly to the surface of high tension cable as shown in Figure 1;The second system of laying is at high-tension electricity
In the cable course of processing, sensor fibre 12 is inserted cable slack layer as shown in Figure 2.Owing to both system of layings cut both ways,
Depending on concrete which kind of mode of employing should be according to site specific.Sensor fibre 12 of the present invention is commercial common list
Mode fiber G.652 series.
The high tension cable temp measuring method that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, the method is at single-ended background of cloth of the present invention
Realizing in the temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that deep pool light coherent field is analyzed, the method is to use following steps to realize:
The wide spectral light signal of detectable signal source 1 output is divided into two-way through the first fiber coupler 2, and above it, exit end sends
One tunnel is as detection light, and another road that lower section exit end sends is as pump light;Detection light first passes through single side-band modulator 3 and modulates
Becoming a Stokes detection sideband, the detection light after modulation is after the first image intensifer 4 amplifies, then enters through light scrambler 5
It is mapped to incidence end on the upside of the second fiber coupler 10;Transmission range can be greatly enhanced after detection light amplified raising power, and
Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Process can be strengthened, thus improve the thermometric distance of sensor fibre;The effect of light scrambler 5 can curb light
The impact that polarization state produces.
Below first fiber coupler 2, the pump light of exit end output, after electrooptic modulator 6, is occurred by pulse signal
Pulse signal modulation produced by device 7, the pump light after modulation controls pump light through variable optical delay line 8 and transmits in opposite directions
Single-side belt detection light position of relevant effect in sensor fibre 12;Pump light signals after delay is again through the second image intensifer
After 9 amplify, sufficiently high power can be obtained, to ensure any position in whole sensor fibre 12 and single-side belt detection light
There is excited Brillouin gain effect;Pump light after amplification is again incident on incidence end on the downside of the second fiber coupler 10.
The single-side belt detection light and the pump light being pulse modulation that export from the exit end of the second fiber coupler 10 are incident
Incidence end on the left of optical circulator 11, and inject sensor fibre 12 from the reflection end of optical circulator 11;At sensor fibre 12
The fiber optic loop 13 that the other end connects constitutes broadband mirrors;The Stokes limit reflected is made by regulation variable optical delay line
Band detection light meets with the pump light transmitted in opposite directions, and interferes with pump light and produce interference beat frequency optical signal;Interfere and clap
Frequently optical signal exports from the exit end of circulator 11, interfere beat frequency optical signal after optical band pass filter 14 leaches, then by photoelectricity
Detector 15 receives, and is translated into the signal of telecommunication simultaneously, then the signal of telecommunication detected is input to data collecting card 16, data
The signal collected is input to computer 17 after A/D changes by capture card 16, utilizes computer to carry out beat signal point
Analysis and process obtain the temperature regime in high tension cable somewhere.
Claims (7)
1. the temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that a single-ended Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, it is characterised in that detectable signal source (1) leads to
The incidence end of the first fiber coupler (2) crossing a single-mode fiber jumper and have two exit ends is connected;First optical fiber coupling
The top exit end of clutch utilizes single-mode fiber jumper to be sequentially connected to single side-band modulator (3), the first image intensifer (4), light are disturbed
Device (5) and the top incidence end of the second fiber coupler (10) partially;The lower section exit end of the first fiber coupler (2) utilizes single mode
Optical patchcord is sequentially connected to electrooptic modulator (6), variable optical delay line (8), the second image intensifer (9) and the second fiber coupler
(10) lower section incidence end, electrooptic modulator (6) is connected with pulse signal generator (7);Going out of second fiber coupler (10)
Penetrating end utilizes single-mode fiber jumper to be connected with the incidence end of optical circulator (11);The reflection end of optical circulator (11) and sensing to be measured
One end of optical fiber (12) connects, and the other end of sensor fibre to be measured (12) is terminated with fiber optic loop (13);Optical circulator (11) outgoing
End utilizes single-mode fiber jumper to be sequentially connected to optical band pass filter (14) and the signal input part of photodetector (15);Light electrical resistivity survey
The signal output part surveying device (15) has data collecting card (16), data collecting card (16) and calculating by coaxial cable for high frequency connection
Machine (17) connects;Described detectable signal source (1) be super-radiance light emitting diode or wide range chaos semiconductor laser or
ASE noise source.
The temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field the most according to claim 1 is analyzed, it is characterised in that
Sensor fibre (12) is attached directly to the surface of high tension cable;Or in the high tension cable course of processing, by sensor fibre (12)
Insert cable slack layer.
The temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field the most according to claim 1 and 2 is analyzed, its feature exists
In, detectable signal source (1) preferably super-radiance light emitting diode i.e. SLD light source.
The temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field the most according to claim 1 and 2 is analyzed, its feature exists
In, the first image intensifer (4) and the second image intensifer (9) use commercial erbium doped optical fibre light amplifier or semiconductor optical amplifier.
The temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field the most according to claim 1 and 2 is analyzed, its feature exists
In, variable optical delay line (8) uses the multichannel classification fibre delay line series connection variable light delay of high precision electric control that photoswitch controls
Line cascading forms.
The temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that single-ended Brillouin light coherent field the most according to claim 5 is analyzed, it is characterised in that
Variable optical delay line (8) uses the automatically controlled variable optical delay line MDL-002 of AM General photoelectricity company.
7. the high tension cable temp measuring method that a single-ended Brillouin light coherent field is analyzed, it is characterised in that the method is wanted in such as right
Asking in the temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable that the single-ended Brillouin light coherent field described in 1 analyzes and realize, the method is to use following steps
Realize:
The wide spectral light signal that detectable signal source (1) exports is divided into two-way through the first fiber coupler (2), and above it, exit end is sent out
Chu mono-tunnel is as detection light, and another road that lower section exit end sends is as pump light;Detection light first passes through single side-band modulator
(3) being modulated into Stokes detection sideband, the detection light after modulation is after the first image intensifer (4) amplifies, then through light
Scrambler (5) incides the second fiber coupler (10) upside incidence end;Can greatly carry after detection light amplified raising power
High-transmission distance, and Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Process can be strengthened, thus improve the thermometric distance of sensor fibre;Light scrambler (5)
Effect can curb polarization state produce impact;
The pump light of the first fiber coupler (2) lower section exit end output, after electrooptic modulator (6), is occurred by pulse signal
Pulse signal modulation produced by device (7), the pump light after modulation controls pump light and in opposite directions through variable optical delay line (8)
Single-side belt detection light position of relevant effect in sensor fibre (12) of transmission;Pump light signals after delay is again through the second light
After amplifier (9) amplifies, sufficiently high power can be obtained, to ensure any position in whole sensor fibre (12) and list
Sideband detection light generation excited Brillouin gain effect;Pump light after amplification is again incident on the second fiber coupler (10) downside
Incidence end;
The single-side belt detection light and the pump light being pulse modulation that export from the exit end of the second fiber coupler (10) incide
Optical circulator (11) left side incidence end, and inject sensor fibre (12) from the reflection end of optical circulator (11);At sensor fibre
(12) fiber optic loop (13) that the other end connects constitutes broadband mirrors;Make to reflect by regulation variable optical delay line this
Lentor sideband detection light meets with the pump light transmitted in opposite directions, and interferes with pump light and produce interference beat frequency light letter
Number;Interfere beat frequency optical signal to export from the exit end of circulator (11), interfere beat frequency optical signal to be filtered through optical band pass filter (14)
After going out, then received by photodetector (15), be translated into the signal of telecommunication simultaneously, then the signal of telecommunication detected is input to number
According to capture card (16), the signal collected is input to computer (17) after A/D changes by data collecting card (16), utilizes meter
Beat signal is analyzed and processes the temperature regime obtaining high tension cable somewhere by calculation machine.
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