CN107687939B - Optical fiber detection device and method for interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm - Google Patents
Optical fiber detection device and method for interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm Download PDFInfo
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- CN107687939B CN107687939B CN201710755660.4A CN201710755660A CN107687939B CN 107687939 B CN107687939 B CN 107687939B CN 201710755660 A CN201710755660 A CN 201710755660A CN 107687939 B CN107687939 B CN 107687939B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/31—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter and a light receiver being disposed at the same side of a fibre or waveguide end-face, e.g. reflectometers
- G01M11/3109—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR
- G01M11/3118—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR using coded light-pulse sequences
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm optical fiber detection device and method, belongs to the technical field of optics, and aims to solve the problem that the temperature strain distribution of an optical fiber of a Michelson interference structure optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm cannot be measured at present. The optical fiber coupler receives laser output by the laser, the laser is divided into an upper path and a lower path through the optical fiber coupler, the upper path is pump light, and the lower path is probe light; the upper output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end of the first electro-optical modulator, the first electro-optical modulator receives electric pulses output by the signal source, laser is modulated by the first electro-optical modulator to become pulse light, the pulse light is input to the polarization scrambler, the pulse light is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and input to the optical fiber circulator, and finally the pulse light is input to the interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be tested through the first port of the optical fiber circulator. The device and the method for detecting the optical fiber of the sensing arm of the interference type optical fiber hydrophone can detect the temperature strain distribution of the optical fiber of the sensing arm of the optical fiber hydrophone with the Michelson interference structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sensing arm optical fiber detection device and method, in particular to an interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm optical fiber detection device and method, and belongs to the technical field of optics.
Background
The optical fiber hydrophone converts underwater or underground sound signals into optical signals through the high-sensitivity optical coherence characteristic, and then the photoelectric conversion equipment extracts the sound signals. The optical fiber in the sensor is both a light transmission medium and a sensing medium, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, good frequency response characteristic, large dynamic range, electromagnetic interference resistance, long-distance transmission, large-range monitoring and the like. Fiber optic hydrophones have been widely used in: marine resource exploration, submarine geological exploration, homeland security and the like.
The basic principle of the optical fiber hydrophone with the Michelson interference structure is shown in FIG. 3: laser is divided into two paths through a port 1 of the optical fiber coupler and is respectively output from a port 3 and a port 4, the port 3 forms a sensing arm to receive acoustic signals, the port 4 serves as a reference arm, light in the sensing arm is reflected by a reflector 1 after being modulated by the acoustic signals and then is output through a port 2, two arm reflection signals output through the port 2 are coherent, interference signals are converted into electric signals after photoelectric conversion, sound wave information is obtained after the electric signals are processed, and underwater or underground objects are identified and positioned according to the sound wave information. However, in actual operation, the optical fiber performance of the sensing arm changes due to the influence of factors such as water area, water depth and water pressure, which leads to increased noise and unstable performance of the optical fiber hydrophone. Therefore, on-line monitoring of the optical fiber of the hydrophone sensing arm is needed, and the influence of factors such as the optical fiber winding process, the packaging process, the material selection and the like of different optical fiber hydrophones on the performance of the hydrophone is analyzed through characteristics such as stress, temperature and the like of the distributed measurement sensing arm optical fiber.
The circumference of a fiber ring wound in the fiber hydrophone is about 10cm, and the stress distribution of the fiber wound for one circle can be accurately reflected only by a high-spatial resolution, high-precision and distributed fiber sensing technology. At present, one scheme adopts a brillouin optical frequency domain analysis technique (Romeo Bernini, Aldo minirdo, Luigi Zeni, "Distributed sensing apparatus-scale optical resolution by BOFDA: measurements and signaling processing, [ J ]. Photonics Journal, 2011, 4: 48-56), however, the pump light and the probe light used in the technique are both continuous lights, and since the fiber hydrophone sensing arm and the reference arm mirror continuously reflect the two lights, the reflected lights are coherent after being output from the 2-port, and the strong and weak fluctuation of the coherent signal strongly interferes with the brillouin signal, so that the strain and temperature of the sensing arm fiber cannot be measured by the system. Although the single-ended brillouin coherent domain technology that continuous light and pulsed light are simultaneously incident from one end of an optical fiber proposed in chinese patent 201610249590.0 avoids double-ended incidence, the use of continuous light still causes coherence after the continuous reflection of two reflectors of an interferometer structure is emitted from the port of the coupler 2, so that the temperature strain distribution of the optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm of the michelson interference structure cannot be measured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for detecting an optical fiber of a sensing arm of an interference optical fiber hydrophone, which are used for solving the problem that the temperature strain distribution of the optical fiber of the sensing arm of the optical fiber hydrophone with a Michelson interference structure cannot be measured at present.
The optical fiber detection device for the sensing arm of the interference type optical fiber hydrophone comprises a laser, an optical fiber coupler, a first electro-optic modulator, a signal source, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, an optical filter, a photoelectric detector, a data collector, a second electro-optic modulator, a microwave source and an isolator;
the optical fiber coupler receives laser output by the laser, the laser is divided into an upper path and a lower path through the optical fiber coupler, the upper path is pump light, and the lower path is probe light; the upper output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end of a first electro-optical modulator, the first electro-optical modulator receives electric pulses output by a signal source, laser is modulated by the first electro-optical modulator to become pulse light, the pulse light is input to a polarization scrambler, the pulse light is amplified by an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and then input to an optical fiber circulator, and finally the pulse light is input to an interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be tested through a first port of the optical fiber circulator;
the lower output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator, the second electro-optical modulator receives microwave pulses output by a microwave source, laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator to become detection light and is input into an isolator, the detection light is isolated by the isolator and is input into an interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be detected, the detection light is pulse type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, and the frequencies of the detection light are respectively upsilon +/- ƒ;
the detection light is input into the optical fiber circulator through a first port of the optical fiber circulator and output from a second port of the optical fiber circulator, the detection light output by the optical fiber circulator is received by the optical filter, and the detection light is connected to the data collector through the photoelectric detector after one sideband is filtered by the optical filter.
Preferably: the lower output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator, the second electro-optical modulator receives a microwave pulse with the frequency of ƒ output by a microwave source, laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator to become probe light, the probe light is input to a third electro-optical modulator, the probe light is pulse-type probe light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, and the frequency of the probe light is upsilon +/- ƒ; the third electro-optical modulator receives the detection light and receives an electric pulse output by the pulse source, the detection light is changed into pulse type detection light after being subjected to pulse modulation by the third electro-optical modulator and is input into the isolator, and the pulse type detection light is input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be detected after being isolated by the isolator;
the pulse type detection light is input to the optical fiber circulator through a first port of the optical fiber circulator and output from a second port of the optical fiber circulator, the optical filter receives the pulse type detection light output by the optical fiber circulator, and the pulse type detection light is connected to a data collector through the photoelectric detector after one side band is filtered by the optical filter.
Preferably, the coupling ratio of the optical fiber coupler is 80:20 ~ 50: 50.
Preferably: the first electro-optic modulator may be replaced with a switching on semiconductor optical amplifier.
Preferably: the third electro-optical modulator is a switch-type semiconductor optical amplifier.
Preferably: the optical fiber coupler receives laser output by the laser, the laser is divided into an upper path and a lower path through the optical fiber coupler, the upper path is pump light, and the lower path is probe light; the upper output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end of a first electro-optical modulator, the first electro-optical modulator receives electric pulses output by a signal source, laser is modulated by the first electro-optical modulator to become pulse light, the pulse light is input to a polarization scrambler, the pulse light is amplified by an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and then input to an optical fiber circulator, and finally the pulse light is input to an interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be tested through a first port of the optical fiber circulator;
the lower output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator, the second electro-optical modulator receives microwave pulses output by a microwave source, laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator to become detection light, the detection light is input into an optical filter, the detection light is pulse-type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, the frequencies of the detection light are respectively v +/- ƒ, one side band is filtered by the optical filter and then input into an isolator, and the detection light is isolated by the isolator and then input into an interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be detected;
the detection light is input to the optical fiber circulator through a first port of the optical fiber circulator and output from a second port of the optical fiber circulator, the photoelectric detector receives the detection light output by the optical fiber circulator, and the detection light is converted into an electric signal through the photoelectric detector and then collected to the data collector.
Preferably: the lower output end of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator, the second electro-optical modulator receives electric pulses output by a pulse source, laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator to be changed into pulse-type detection light, the pulse-type detection light is input into a third electro-optical modulator, the third electro-optical modulator receives the pulse-type detection light and receives microwave pulses output by a microwave source, the frequency of the microwave pulses is ƒ, the detection light is pulse-type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, and the frequency of the pulse-type detection light is upsilon +/- ƒ; the pulse-type detection light is input into the isolator after being pulse-modulated by the third electro-optic modulator, and is input into the interference-type optical fiber hydrophone to be detected after being isolated by the isolator;
the pulse type detection light is input to the optical fiber circulator through a first port of the optical fiber circulator and output from a second port of the optical fiber circulator, the optical filter receives the pulse type detection light output by the optical fiber circulator, and the pulse type detection light is connected to a data collector through the photoelectric detector after one side band is filtered by the optical filter.
The detection method based on the optical fiber detection device of the interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm comprises the following steps:
dividing laser output by a laser into an upper path and a lower path after passing through an optical fiber coupler, wherein the upper path is used as pump light, the lower path is used as probe light, and the coupling ratio is 50: 50;
inputting an upper path of laser output by the optical fiber coupler into a first electro-optical modulator, loading an electric pulse output by a signal source onto the first electro-optical modulator, modulating continuous light input into the first electro-optical modulator into pulse light, outputting the pulse light from an output port of the first electro-optical modulator, inputting the light pulse output by the first electro-optical modulator into a polarization scrambler, eliminating polarization by the polarization scrambler, averaging the acquired signal for multiple times to eliminate signal fluctuation caused by a polarization state in a single-mode optical fiber, inputting the light pulse after passing through the polarization scrambler into an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, inputting the amplified light pulse into an optical fiber circulator, outputting the amplified light pulse from a first port of the optical fiber circulator after being input by an input port of the optical fiber circulator, and connecting the first port of the optical fiber circulator to an interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be detected;
inputting the downlink laser output by the optical fiber coupler into a second electro-optical modulator, loading microwave pulses output by the microwave source onto the second electro-optical modulator, modulating light incident to the second electro-optical modulator, wherein the detection light output by the second electro-optical modulator comprises a pair of upper and lower side bands, the frequencies of the upper and lower side bands are respectively v +/- ƒ, the detection light is pulse type, the detection light is output by the second electro-optical modulator and then input into an isolator, the detection light is input into an interference type optical fiber hydrophone to be detected after passing through the isolator, and the detection light and the pumping pulses generate stimulated Brillouin scattering effect when passing through optical fibers in the optical fiber hydrophone;
and fourthly, the acted detection light enters the optical fiber circulator through the first port of the optical fiber circulator and is emitted from the second port of the optical fiber circulator, then one side band is filtered by the optical filter and converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric detector, the electric signal is collected and analyzed by the data collection card to obtain the strain temperature distribution condition of the optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm, and the strain temperature distribution detection of the optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm is completed.
Compared with the existing product, the invention has the following effects: 1. the Brillouin optical time domain analysis of the pulse type detection light can provide pulse type detection light and pumping light, so that the serious interference of continuous light caused by continuous reflection of two reflectors of an interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm and a reference arm is avoided, and the online detection of the optical fiber strain temperature of the interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm is realized; 2. the Brillouin optical time domain analysis system of the pulse type detection light adopts microwave pulse modulation to load the pulse type detection light into the electro-optic modulator, thereby generating the pulse type detection light, greatly reducing the cost and simplifying the system; 3. the microwave pulse width and the microwave frequency in the pulse type probe light Brillouin optical time domain analysis system are continuously adjustable, so that distributed strain detection with high spatial resolution is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber detection device of a sensing arm of an interferometric optical fiber hydrophone according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Michelson interference structure fiber optic hydrophone;
fig. 4 is a power diagram of two-stage modulation to generate pulse-type probe light;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the third embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-laser, a 2-optical fiber coupler, a 3-first electro-optical modulator, a 4-signal source, a 5-erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a 6-optical fiber circulator, a 7-optical filter, an 8-photoelectric detector, a 9-data collector, a 10-to-be-detected interference type optical fiber hydrophone, a 11-second electro-optical modulator, a 12-microwave source, a 13-isolator, a 15-third electro-optical modulator and a 16-pulse source.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment mode 1: as shown in fig. 1, the optical fiber detection device of the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone of the invention comprises a laser 1, an optical fiber coupler 2, a first electro-optical modulator 3, a signal source 4, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5, an optical fiber circulator 6, an optical filter 7, a photoelectric detector 8, a data collector 9, a second electro-optical modulator 11, a microwave source 12 and an isolator 13;
the optical fiber coupler 2 receives laser output by the laser 1, the laser is divided into an upper path and a lower path through the optical fiber coupler 2, the upper path is pump light, and the lower path is probe light; the upper output end of the optical fiber coupler 2 is connected with the input end of the first electro-optical modulator 3, meanwhile, the first electro-optical modulator 3 receives electric pulses output by the signal source 4, laser is modulated by the first electro-optical modulator 3 and then is changed into pulse light, the pulse light is input into the polarization scrambler 20, the pulse light is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5 and then is input into the optical fiber circulator 6, and finally the pulse light is input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be tested through the first port of the optical fiber circulator 6;
the down output end of the optical fiber coupler 2 is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator 11, the second electro-optical modulator 11 receives microwave pulses output by a microwave source 12, laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator 11 to become detection light, the detection light is input into an isolator 13, the detection light is isolated by the isolator 13 and input into an interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be detected, the detection light is pulse type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, and the frequencies of the detection light are respectively upsilon +/- ƒ;
the detection light is subjected to stimulated Brillouin scattering effect with the pumping pulse when passing through the optical fiber in the interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be detected, the acted detection light is input into the optical fiber circulator 6 through the first port of the optical fiber circulator 6 and is output from the second port of the optical fiber circulator 6, the optical filter 7 receives the detection light output by the optical fiber circulator 6, and the detection light is connected to the data collector 9 through the photoelectric detector 8 after one side band is filtered by the optical filter 7.
The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that pulse-type probe light is generated by two-stage modulation of two electro-optical modulators, the downstream output end of the optical fiber coupler 2 is connected to the input end of the second electro-optical modulator 11, the second electro-optical modulator 11 receives a microwave pulse with a frequency of ƒ output from the microwave source 12, the laser light is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator 11 to become probe light, and the probe light is pulse-type probe light including a pair of upper and lower sidebands with a frequency of v ± ƒ; the third electro-optical modulator 15 receives the detection light and receives the electric pulse output by the pulse source 16, the detection light is changed into pulse type detection light after being pulse modulated by the third electro-optical modulator 15 and is input into the isolator 13, and the pulse type detection light is input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be detected after being isolated by the isolator 13; the positions of the microwave source 12 and the pulse source 16 may be interchanged.
The pulse type detection light is input to the optical fiber circulator 6 through a first port of the optical fiber circulator 6 and output from a second port of the optical fiber circulator 6, the optical filter 7 receives the pulse type detection light output by the optical fiber circulator 6, one sideband is filtered by the optical filter 7 and then connected to the data collector 9 through the photoelectric detector 8, pulse type microwaves are not needed in the mode, and the requirement on a microwave source is reduced.
Further, the coupling ratio of the fiber coupler 2 was 80:20 ~ 50: 50.
Further: the first electro-optical modulator 3 may be replaced by an open-cell semiconductor optical amplifier.
Further: the third electro-optical modulator 15 is a switching semiconductor optical amplifier.
The third concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the optical filter 7 is switched between the second electro-optical modulator 11 and the isolator 13 from the position between the second port of the optical fiber circulator 6 and the photodetector 8; the optical fiber coupler 2 receives laser output by the laser 1, the laser is divided into an upper path and a lower path through the optical fiber coupler 2, the upper path is pump light, and the lower path is probe light; the upper output end of the optical fiber coupler 2 is connected with the input end of the first electro-optical modulator 3, meanwhile, the first electro-optical modulator 3 receives electric pulses output by the signal source 4, laser is modulated by the first electro-optical modulator 3 and then is changed into pulse light, the pulse light is input into the polarization scrambler 20, the pulse light is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5 and then is input into the optical fiber circulator 6, and finally the pulse light is input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be tested through the first port of the optical fiber circulator 6;
the down output end of the optical fiber coupler 2 is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator 11, the second electro-optical modulator 11 receives microwave pulses output by a microwave source 12, laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator 11 to become detection light, the detection light is input into an optical filter 7, the detection light is pulse type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, the frequency of the detection light is respectively upsilon +/- ƒ, one side band is filtered by the optical filter 7 and then input into an isolator 13, and the detection light is isolated by the isolator 13 and then input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be detected;
the detection light is to be measured and stimulated Brillouin scattering effect takes place with pumping pulse during the optic fibre in the interference type optic fibre hydrophone 10, the detection light after the effect is inputed optic fibre circulator 6 through the first port of optic fibre circulator 6, from the second port output of optic fibre circulator 6, photoelectric detector 8 receives the detection light of optic fibre circulator 6 output, gather data collection unit 9 after photoelectric detector 8 converts the signal of telecommunication into, the system control of being convenient for of this mode, the laser instrument operating condition is confirmed to the transmission light that can directly pass through the wave filter.
Further: the detection method based on the optical fiber detection device of the interference type optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm comprises the following steps:
firstly, laser output by a laser 1 is divided into an upper path and a lower path after passing through an optical fiber coupler 2, the upper path is used as pump light, the lower path is used as probe light, and the coupling ratio is 50: 50;
inputting the upper laser output by the optical fiber coupler 2 into the first electro-optical modulator 3, outputting an electric pulse by the signal source 4 to load the first electro-optical modulator 3, modulating continuous light input into the first electro-optical modulator 3 into pulse light, outputting the pulse light from the output port of the first electro-optical modulator 3, inputting the light pulse output by the first electro-optical modulator 3 into the polarization scrambler 20, eliminating polarization by the polarization scrambler 20, averaging the acquired signal for multiple times to eliminate signal fluctuation caused by the polarization state in the single-mode optical fiber, inputting the light pulse after passing through the polarization scrambler 20 into the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 5, inputting the amplified light pulse into the optical fiber circulator 6, outputting the input signal of the optical fiber circulator 6 from the first port of the optical fiber circulator 6 after being input, and connecting the first port of the optical fiber circulator 6 to the interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be tested;
inputting the downlink laser output by the optical fiber coupler 2 into a second electro-optical modulator 11, loading microwave pulses output by a microwave source 12 onto the second electro-optical modulator 11, modulating light incident on the second electro-optical modulator 11, wherein detection light output by the second electro-optical modulator 11 comprises a pair of upper and lower side bands, the frequencies of the upper and lower side bands are respectively upsilon +/- ƒ, the detection light is in a pulse type, the detection light is output by the second electro-optical modulator 11 and then input into an isolator 13, the detection light is input into an interference type optical fiber hydrophone 10 to be detected after passing through the isolator 13, and the detection light and the pumping pulses generate stimulated Brillouin scattering effect when passing through optical fibers in the optical fiber hydrophone;
and fourthly, the acted detection light is emitted into the optical fiber circulator 6 through the first port of the optical fiber circulator 6, is emitted out of the second port of the optical fiber circulator 6, is filtered by the optical filter 7 to remove one sideband, is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric detector 8, and the electric signal is collected and analyzed by the data acquisition card to obtain the strain temperature distribution condition of the optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm, so that the strain temperature distribution of the optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm is detected.
This embodiment is only illustrative of the patent and does not limit the scope of protection thereof, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to its part without departing from the spirit of the patent.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an interference type optic fibre hydrophone sensing arm optical fiber detection device which characterized in that: the device comprises a laser (1), an optical fiber coupler (2), a first electro-optic modulator (3), a signal source (4), an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (5), an optical fiber circulator (6), an optical filter (7), a photoelectric detector (8), a data collector (9), a second electro-optic modulator (11), a microwave source (12) and an isolator (13);
the optical fiber coupler (2) receives laser output by the laser (1), the laser is divided into an upper path and a lower path through the optical fiber coupler (2), the upper path is pumping light, and the lower path is probe light; the on-line output end of the optical fiber coupler (2) is connected with the input end of the first electro-optical modulator (3), meanwhile, the first electro-optical modulator (3) receives electric pulses output by the signal source (4), laser is modulated by the first electro-optical modulator (3) and then changed into pulse light, the pulse light is input into the polarization scrambler (20), the pulse light is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (5) and then input into the optical fiber circulator (6), and finally the pulse light is input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be tested through the first port of the optical fiber circulator (6);
the down output end of the optical fiber coupler (2) is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator (11), the second electro-optical modulator (11) receives microwave pulses output by a microwave source (12), laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator (11) to become detection light, the detection light is input into an isolator (13), the detection light is isolated by the isolator (13) and input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be detected, the detection light is pulse type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, and the frequencies of the detection light are respectively upsilon +/- ƒ;
the detection light is subjected to stimulated Brillouin scattering action with pumping pulse during passing through an optical fiber in the interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be detected, the detection light after the action is input into the optical fiber circulator (6) through a first port of the optical fiber circulator (6) and is output from a second port of the optical fiber circulator (6), the detection light output by the optical fiber circulator (6) is received by the optical filter (7), and the detection light is connected to the data collector (9) through the photoelectric detector (8) after one sideband is filtered by the optical filter (7).
2. The optical fiber detection device for the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone of claim 1, wherein: the downlink output end of the optical fiber coupler (2) is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator (11), the second electro-optical modulator (11) receives a microwave pulse with the frequency of ƒ output by a microwave source (12), laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator (11) to become detection light, and the detection light is input into a third electro-optical modulator (15), is pulse-type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower sidebands and has the frequency of v +/- ƒ; the third electro-optical modulator (15) receives the detection light and receives an electric pulse output by the pulse source (16), the detection light is changed into pulse type detection light after being subjected to pulse modulation by the third electro-optical modulator (15) and is input into the isolator (13), and the pulse type detection light is input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be detected after being isolated by the isolator (13);
the pulse type detection light is input into the optical fiber circulator (6) through the first port of the optical fiber circulator (6) after the action, the pulse type detection light is output from the second port of the optical fiber circulator (6), the optical filter (7) receives the pulse type detection light output by the optical fiber circulator (6), and the pulse type detection light is connected to the data collector (9) through the photoelectric detector (8) after one side band is filtered by the optical filter (7).
3. The optical fiber detection device for the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupling ratio of the optical fiber coupler (2) is 80:20 ~ 50: 50.
4. The optical fiber detection device of the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first electro-optical modulator (3) can be replaced by a switch-on semiconductor optical amplifier.
5. The optical fiber detection device for the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone of claim 2, wherein: the third electro-optical modulator (15) is a switch-type semiconductor optical amplifier.
6. The optical fiber detection device for the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone of claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber coupler (2) receives laser output by the laser (1), the laser is divided into an upper path and a lower path through the optical fiber coupler (2), the upper path is pumping light, and the lower path is probe light; the on-line output end of the optical fiber coupler (2) is connected with the input end of the first electro-optical modulator (3), meanwhile, the first electro-optical modulator (3) receives electric pulses output by the signal source (4), laser is modulated by the first electro-optical modulator (3) and then changed into pulse light, the pulse light is input into the polarization scrambler (20), the pulse light is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (5) and then input into the optical fiber circulator (6), and finally the pulse light is input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be tested through the first port of the optical fiber circulator (6);
the down-path output end of the optical fiber coupler (2) is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator (11), the second electro-optical modulator (11) receives microwave pulses output by a microwave source (12), laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator (11) to become detection light, the detection light is input into an optical filter (7), the detection light is pulse type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, the frequency of the detection light is upsilon +/- ƒ, one side band is filtered by the optical filter (7) and then input into an isolator (13), and the detection light is isolated by the isolator (13) and then input into the interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be detected;
the detection light is with pump pulse emergence stimulated Brillouin scattering effect during the optic fibre in the interference type optic fibre hydrophone (10) that awaits measuring, and the detection light after the effect is imported optic fibre circulator (6) through the first port of optic fibre circulator (6), from the second port output of optic fibre circulator (6), and photoelectric detector (8) receive the detection light of optic fibre circulator (6) output, gather data collection station (9) after photoelectric detector (8) convert the signal of telecommunication into.
7. The optical fiber detection device for the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone of claim 2, wherein: the down-circuit output end of the optical fiber coupler (2) is connected with the input end of a second electro-optical modulator (11), the second electro-optical modulator (11) receives electric pulses output by a pulse source (16), laser is modulated by the second electro-optical modulator (11) to become pulse-type detection light, the pulse-type detection light is input to a third electro-optical modulator (15), the third electro-optical modulator (15) receives the pulse-type detection light and receives microwave pulses with the frequency of ƒ output by a microwave source (12), the detection light is pulse-type detection light comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, and the frequencies are respectively upsilon +/- ƒ; the pulse-type detection light is input into the isolator (13) after being pulse-modulated by the third electro-optic modulator (15), and is input into the interference-type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be detected after being isolated by the isolator (13);
the pulse type detection light is input into the optical fiber circulator (6) through the first port of the optical fiber circulator (6) after the action, the pulse type detection light is output from the second port of the optical fiber circulator (6), the optical filter (7) receives the pulse type detection light output by the optical fiber circulator (6), and the pulse type detection light is connected to the data collector (9) through the photoelectric detector (8) after one side band is filtered by the optical filter (7).
8. The detection method of the optical fiber detection device of the sensing arm of the interferometric optical fiber hydrophone according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
firstly, laser output by a laser (1) is divided into an upper path and a lower path after passing through an optical fiber coupler (2), the upper path is used as pump light, the lower path is used as probe light, and the coupling ratio is 50: 50;
secondly, the upper path laser output by the optical fiber coupler (2) is input into a first electro-optical modulator (3), a signal source (4) outputs electric pulses to be loaded on the first electro-optical modulator (3), continuous light input into the first electro-optical modulator (3) is modulated into pulse light and then is output from an output port of the first electro-optical modulator (3), the light pulse output by the first electro-optical modulator (3) is input into a polarization scrambler (20), and the polarization scrambler (20) is used for eliminating polarization, then, averaging the collected signals for multiple times so as to eliminate signal fluctuation caused by the polarization state in the single-mode optical fiber, inputting the optical pulse after passing through the polarization scrambler (20) into the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (5), inputting the optical pulse after being amplified into the optical fiber circulator (6), outputting the optical pulse after being input through the input port of the optical fiber circulator (6) from the first port of the optical fiber circulator, and connecting the first port of the optical fiber circulator (6) to the interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be tested;
inputting the downlink laser output by the optical fiber coupler (2) into a second electro-optical modulator (11), loading microwave pulses output by a microwave source (12) onto the second electro-optical modulator (11), modulating light incident on the second electro-optical modulator (11), outputting probe light by the second electro-optical modulator (11) and comprising a pair of upper and lower side bands, wherein the frequencies are respectively upsilon +/- ƒ, the probe light is in a pulse type, the probe light is output by the second electro-optical modulator (11), then is input into an isolator (13), passes through the isolator (13), then is input into an interference type optical fiber hydrophone (10) to be tested, and generates stimulated Brillouin scattering effect with pumping pulses when passing through optical fibers in the optical fiber hydrophone;
and fourthly, the acted detection light enters the optical fiber circulator (6) through the first port of the optical fiber circulator (6), is emitted from the second port of the optical fiber circulator (6), is filtered by the optical filter (7) to remove one sideband, is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric detector (8), and the electric signal is collected and analyzed by the data collection card to obtain the strain temperature distribution condition of the optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm, so that the strain temperature distribution of the optical fiber hydrophone sensing arm is detected.
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