CN107907203A - A kind of demodulation method of optical fiber F P cavate sonic sensors - Google Patents
A kind of demodulation method of optical fiber F P cavate sonic sensors Download PDFInfo
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- CN107907203A CN107907203A CN201711233088.1A CN201711233088A CN107907203A CN 107907203 A CN107907203 A CN 107907203A CN 201711233088 A CN201711233088 A CN 201711233088A CN 107907203 A CN107907203 A CN 107907203A
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- fiber
- path difference
- sound wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of demodulation method of optical fiber F P cavate sonic sensors, belong to technical field of optical fiber sensing.The present invention measures the absolute optical path difference of transient state for being subject to the optical fiber F P chambers of sound wave modulation using quick sampling spectrometer in real time, then Inversion Calculation optical path difference, realize the high sensitivity to sound wave, big linear dynamic range measurement and from quiescent point drift influence；The demodulating system of optical fiber F P cavate sonic sensors used in this method, including light source, optical fiber circulator, signal transmission fiber, optical fiber F P chamber sound waves sensing head, quick sampling fiber spectrometer and computer.The optical path difference resolution capability for the up to pm magnitudes that the present invention possesses will greatly improve the ability of the faint acoustic signals of F P chamber type optical fibers sonic sensor detection, and a kind of new high performance solution is provided for important applications such as the acoustic measurement under strong electromagnetic, inflammable and explosive environment and high sensitivity Underwater Detections.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, is related to a kind of fiber F-P cavate sound based on absolute optical path difference measurement
The demodulation method of wave sensor.
Background technology
Using optical fiber optical means detection sound wave have high sensitivity, anti-strong electromagnetic, can remote measurement, sensing head at a distance
The features such as passive thus essential safety, air acoustic detection, underwater sound wave detection (hydrophone) and optoacoustic in particular surroundings
There is important application prospect in the fields such as the photoacoustic signal detection in spectral measurement methods.
The interferometer measurement sound wave formed using fiber F-P cavity is that optical fiber sound wave that is a kind of simple in structure and generally using is visited
Survey method, the nuclear structure of sensor are the F-P cavities being made of fiber end face and one to the diaphragm of sonic sensitive, when diaphragm exists
When being vibrated under sound wave effect, the optical path difference of fiber F-P cavity can be modulated, so as to cause the interference light signal for being reflected back optical fiber
Phase and intensity change.It is known as interference-intensity demodulation by measuring signal Strength Changes to demodulate the method for acoustic signals
Method, and phase demodulating method is known as to demodulate the method for acoustic signals by phase measurement.
Interference-intensity demodulation method is the characteristics of change based on F-P cavity interference signal with optical path difference by cosine rule, to pass through
Relation detection acoustic signals between signal strength and optical path difference, this method require quiescent point to keep stablizing, examine at the same time
Surveying dynamic range will be limited in 1/4 cycle, and signal degradation and nonlinear response problem otherwise occurs.Document 1
[Bing.Yu,Anbo.Wang,Grating-assisted demodulation of interferometric optical
Sensors, Appl.Opt.42 (2003) 6824-6829] and document 2 [Bing Yu, Anbo Wang, Gary Pickrell,
and Juncheng Xu,Tunable-optical-filter-based white-light interferometry for
Sensing, Opt.Lett.30,1452-1454 2005] a kind of method that light source center wavelength is adjusted by dynamic is proposed,
Compensate the quiescent operation point drift caused by the environmental factors such as temperature, but this method due to the tuning range of light source it is limited,
It is unsatisfactory to the compensation effect of operating point drift.3 [Chinese invention patent of document：CN201510158109.2, a kind of wavelength follow
Ring tunes the method and system of compensating interferometer type working sensor point drift] the problem of optical source wavelength tuning range is narrow is directed to, carry
A kind of method of work dot cycle tracking adjustment is gone out, has extended the drift compensation scope of operating point to a certain extent, but deposited
Weak in antijamming capability, the circulation saltus step of phase influences the successional problem of signal detection, and intensity demodulation method exists
Measurement linear dynamic range it is small the problem of can not still solve.
[Dandridge A, Tveten A B, the Giallorenzi T G.Homodyne of document 4
demodulationschemeforfiberopticsensorsusingPhasegenerated carrier[J]
.IEEEJournalofQuantumElectronics.1982,18 (10), 1647-1653] phase generated carrier is proposed first
(PGC) phase demodulating method, PGC demodulation methods have larger measurement dynamic range, and can eliminate quiescent operation point drift
The signal degradation phenomenon that shipper pole comes.Later [Mao X, Tian X, Zhou X, the et al.Characteristics of a of document 5
fiber-optical Fabry–Perot interferometric acoustic sensor based on an
improved phase-generated carrier-demodulation mechanism[J].Optical
Engineering,2015,54(4):046107] carried out for the problem of non-linear distortion existing for PGC methods and poor stability
Improve, but the problems such as the sensitivity that PGC demodulation methods still suffer from sonic detection is low, signal processing method is complicated, it is difficult to
Practical application is obtained in weak acoustic signals detection.Thus, proposed for the sonic sensor based on fiber F-P cavity a kind of highly sensitive
The demodulation method and system of degree, Larger Dynamic measurement range and high stability have important actual application value.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of new demodulation method for fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor, it is intended to
Improve sensitivity, linear response dynamic range, signal-to-noise ratio and the stability of existing F-P cavity type optical fiber sonic sensor.
The principle of the present invention is as follows：The low fineness of fiber F-P cavity class sensor is done using quick sampling fiber spectrometer
Quick measurement and the Inversion Calculation of spectrum are related to, the instant absolute value of the optical path difference of the F-P cavity through acoustic signals modulation can be obtained.
According to the expression formula of low fineness F-P cavity reflection interference spectrum：
λ represents optical wavelength in formula, and a and b are to be decided by incident intensity and the constant of F-P cavity interference contrast.The optical path difference of t moment
(OPD0+ Δ OPD (t)) spectroscopic data that can be measured by reading t moment spectrometer is calculated, wherein representing static light path
The OPD of difference0Be from sound wave influences and to the DC quantity of the factors such as environment temperature sensitivity, can by calculate total optical path it is poor when
Between be averagely worth to and filter out, so as to eliminate since the factors such as environment temperature, air pressure change influence to measurement, total optical path is poor
In to change over time a Δ OPD (t) be optical path difference caused by diaphragm response acoustic vibration, which is proportional to shaking for sound wave
Width.
Technical scheme：
A kind of demodulation method of fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor, using quick sampling spectrometer to being subject to sound wave to modulate
The absolute optical path difference of transient state of fiber F-P cavity measured in real time, then the method for Inversion Calculation optical path difference, is realized to sound wave
High sensitivity, big linear dynamic range measurement and from quiescent point drift influence；Fiber F-P cavity used in this method
The demodulating system of formula sonic sensor, including light source 1, optical fiber circulator 2, signal transmission fiber 3, fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing
First 4, quick sampling fiber spectrometer 5 and computer 6；
Comprise the following steps that：The Low coherence wide spectrum optical that light source 1 is sent first is successively through optical fiber circulator 2 and signal light transmission
Fibre 3, after importing fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head 4, in the end face of the coupling optical fiber 7 of fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head 4 and sound wave
The inner surface of sensitive diaphragm 9 reflects, and after reflected light coupling letter in reply Transmission Fibers 3, optical fiber light is imported through optical fiber circulator 2
Spectrometer 5；The interference spectrum data collected are transferred to computer 6 by fiber spectrometer 5；Finally, computer 6 passes through Inversion Calculation
Light path difference method draws the Inversion Calculation of interference spectrum data the absolute optical path difference of transient state of the F-P cavity through acoustic signals modulation,
Obtain being proportional to the waveform of the diaphragm deformation quantity of sonic wave amplitude and display.
The light source 1 is a kind of wide spectrum light source, and spectral width is more than 20nm.
The fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head 4 is a kind of sonic sensitive unit based on fiber F-P interferometer structure.
The Inversion Calculation light path difference method is the computational methods based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) or principle of correlation analysis, is
A kind of computational methods of definitely optical path difference.
Static retardation values are averagely obtained by the absolute optical path difference progress time of the F-P cavity obtained to Inversion Calculation and are detained
Remove, make influence of the acoustic measurement from factors such as variation of ambient temperature.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Sound wave sensing demodulation method and system based on the absolute optical path difference measurement of fiber F-P cavity
Can fundamentally it overcome present in " interference-intensity " demodulation method because of light source power change, optical path loss change and sensing head
Measurement error, sensitivity decline caused by quiescent operation point drift etc., the problems such as nonlinear response and dynamic range are small.The opposing party
Face, since fiber F-P cavity interference spectrometry is to utilize the parallel measurement of more photoelectric detection units in spectrometer, can obtain dry at the same time
Relate to spectrum different wave length corresponding hundreds of and arrive thousands of a spectroscopic datas, the light path difference of up to pm magnitudes can be obtained through Inversion Calculation
Resolution, therefore measurement sensitivity and stability with far above phase generated carrier method.The present invention will greatly improve F-P cavity
Type optical fiber sonic sensor detects the ability of faint acoustic signals, is the air sound wave under strong electromagnetic, inflammable and explosive environment
The important application such as detection and high sensitivity Underwater Detection provides a kind of new high performance solution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fiber F-P cavity fiber optic acoustic sensors system schematic using wide spectrum light source.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of diaphragm-type optical-fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head.
In figure：1 light source；2 optical fiber circulators；3 signal transmission fibers；4 fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing heads；
5 quick sampling fiber spectrometers；6 computers；7 coupling optical fiber；8 ceramic contact pins；
9 sonic sensitive diaphragms；10 shells.
Embodiment
Describe the embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with technical solution and attached drawing.
The present invention the fiber F-P cavity fiber optic acoustic sensors system schematic using wide spectrum light source as shown in Figure 1, including
Light source 1, optical fiber circulator 2, signal transmission fiber 3, fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head 4, quick sampling fiber spectrometer 5 and meter
Calculation machine 6.
The continuous light of wide range that light source 1 is sent enters fiber F-P cavity sound wave through optical fiber circulator 2 and signal transmission fiber 3 and passes
Sense first 4, F-P cavity the reflection diaphragm of sonic sensitive is subject to external acoustic waves act on after produce be proportional to the periodic of wave amplitude
Deformation, so as to cause the reflected light for inciding diaphragm inner surface corresponding with the optical path difference generation through the direct reflected light of fiber end face
Change, interference light are coupled back quick sampling fiber spectrometer 5, quick sampling by signal transmission fiber 3 and optical fiber circulator 2
Fiber spectrometer 5 can measure the interference spectrum of the F-P cavity with sound wave change, the interference spectrum that computer 6 sends spectrometer 5
Data carry out the waveform that real time inversion calculates the diaphragm deformation quantity that can both obtain being proportional to sonic wave amplitude.
Wherein, light source 1 is a kind of wide range spontaneous radiation light source, and spectral width is more than 20nm.
Fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head 4 is a kind of sonic sensitive unit based on fiber F-P interferometer structure, by one
The smooth fiber end face of vertical fiber axis and a diaphragm to sonic sensitive are formed.
Spectrometer 5 for it is a kind of can high-speed gather spectroscopic data grating beam splitting formula or interference formula spectrometer, the spectrometer
By array optical electric explorer measure spectrum, the sampling rate of spectrometer is more than the 2 of acoustic signals highest frequency component to be measured
Times.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of diaphragm-type optical-fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head.Fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head 4 is by coupling
Optical fiber 7, ceramic contact pin 8, sonic sensitive diaphragm 9 and shell 10 form.Air between ceramic contact pin 8 and sound wave sensitive diaphragm 9
Gap forms enhanced extrinsic F-P chamber.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made,
Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of demodulation method of fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor, it is characterised in that using quick sampling spectrometer to being subject to
The absolute optical path difference of transient state of fiber F-P cavity of sound wave modulation is measured in real time, then with the absolute optical path difference method of Inversion Calculation,
Realize the measurement to the high sensitivity, big linear dynamic range of sound wave and from the influence of quiescent point drift；This method is adopted
The demodulating system of fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor, including light source (1), optical fiber circulator (2), signal transmission fiber
(3), fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head (4), quick sampling fiber spectrometer (5) and computer (6)；
Comprise the following steps that：The Low coherence wide spectrum optical that light source (1) is sent first is successively through optical fiber circulator (2) and signal light transmission
Fine (3), after importing fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head (4), at the end of the coupling optical fiber (7) of fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head (4)
The inner surface in face and sonic sensitive diaphragm (9) reflects, after reflected light coupling letter in reply Transmission Fibers (3), through fiber annular
Device (2) imports fiber spectrometer (5)；The interference spectrum data collected are transferred to computer (6) by fiber spectrometer (5)；Most
Afterwards, computer (6) draws the Inversion Calculation of interference spectrum data by Inversion Calculation light path difference method modulates through acoustic signals
F-P cavity the absolute optical path difference of transient state, obtain being proportional to waveform and the display of the diaphragm deformation quantity of sonic wave amplitude.
2. the demodulation method of a kind of fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Light source (1) be a kind of wide spectrum light source, spectral width is more than 20nm.
A kind of 3. demodulation method of fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that institute
The fiber F-P cavity sound wave sensing head (4) stated is a kind of sonic sensitive unit based on fiber F-P interferometer structure.
A kind of 4. demodulation method of fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that institute
The Inversion Calculation light path difference method stated is the computational methods based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) or principle of correlation analysis, is a kind of absolute light
The computational methods of path difference.
5. the demodulation method of a kind of fiber F-P cavate sonic sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that pass through
The absolute optical path difference progress time of the F-P cavity obtained to Inversion Calculation averagely obtains static retardation values and deducts, and makes cement bond logging
Measure the influence from factors such as variation of ambient temperature.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109088670A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-25 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method and system of determining acoustic signals |
| CN109765029A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-17 | 北京信息科技大学 | It is a kind of that device is surveyed based on the flow field school of fiber grating and F-P microcavity |
| CN110057386A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-26 | 电子科技大学 | The demodulation method and its demodulating equipment of optical fiber FP sensor based on full spectrum |
| CN111854923A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | Acoustic wave measurement system, cantilever beam type optical fiber acoustic wave sensor demodulation system and method |
| CN111901044A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-11-06 | 阳光学院 | Single-beam coherent optical communication device |
| CN111982267A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-24 | 重庆邮电大学 | Optical fiber sensor for sound wave and vibration measurement and working method thereof |
| CN111998884A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-11-27 | 重庆邮电大学 | Wavelength self-calibration optical fiber FP sensor demodulation method |
| CN112595945A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-02 | 西安理工大学 | FBG temperature compensation optical fiber partial discharge detection device and method |
| CN113701647A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 浙江中能工程检测有限公司 | Steel surface coating thickness measuring device based on optical fiber simply supported beam structure |
| CN114543971A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 华中科技大学 | FP interference type sound wave detector and sound wave detection method |
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| CN109088670A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-25 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method and system of determining acoustic signals |
| CN109765029A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-17 | 北京信息科技大学 | It is a kind of that device is surveyed based on the flow field school of fiber grating and F-P microcavity |
| CN110057386A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-26 | 电子科技大学 | The demodulation method and its demodulating equipment of optical fiber FP sensor based on full spectrum |
| CN111901044A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-11-06 | 阳光学院 | Single-beam coherent optical communication device |
| CN111901044B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-11-02 | 阳光学院 | Single-beam coherent optical communication device |
| CN113701647A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 浙江中能工程检测有限公司 | Steel surface coating thickness measuring device based on optical fiber simply supported beam structure |
| CN111998884A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-11-27 | 重庆邮电大学 | Wavelength self-calibration optical fiber FP sensor demodulation method |
| CN111854923A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | Acoustic wave measurement system, cantilever beam type optical fiber acoustic wave sensor demodulation system and method |
| CN111854923B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-05-24 | 重庆邮电大学 | Acoustic wave measurement system, cantilever beam type optical fiber acoustic wave sensor demodulation system and method |
| CN111982267A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-24 | 重庆邮电大学 | Optical fiber sensor for sound wave and vibration measurement and working method thereof |
| CN112595945A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-02 | 西安理工大学 | FBG temperature compensation optical fiber partial discharge detection device and method |
| CN114543971A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 华中科技大学 | FP interference type sound wave detector and sound wave detection method |
| CN114543971B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-11-11 | 华中科技大学 | FP interference type sound wave detector and sound wave detection method |
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