CN206440242U - A kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable - Google Patents
A kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN206440242U CN206440242U CN201720166411.7U CN201720166411U CN206440242U CN 206440242 U CN206440242 U CN 206440242U CN 201720166411 U CN201720166411 U CN 201720166411U CN 206440242 U CN206440242 U CN 206440242U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of sensor, especially a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable, the technical problem that the utility model is solved is using the high optical fiber of tensile strength, also to be increased in ranging, precision is higher, technical solutions of the utility model include signal demodulation sensing two parts, sensing part uses sensor fibre outsourcing high duty metal reinforcer, improve tensile strength, signal demodulation part uses BOTDA principles, to improve spatial resolution, sensor realizes the high pulsewidth pumping pulse light of ten nanoseconds using differential pulse to Brillouin's time-domain analysis technology, then the spatial resolution of Centimeter Level is obtained, the requirement of long range pulsed energy was so both met, the constraint that high pulsewidth declines to spatial resolution is broken again, effectively improve measurement accuracy, sensing optic cable is using fixed point optical cable, effectively position subgrade settlement region, realize and monitor over long distances, spatial resolution is improved up to 1 meter, as a result it is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of sensor, especially a kind of distributed position based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable
Displacement sensor.
Background technology
Because the infrastructure structures monitoring distance such as bridge, tunnel, subgrade and pavement is long, traditional point sensor is used
It is difficult to the state to total is monitored, and with the increase for laying number of sensors, the complexity and cost of system
It will sharply increase.Therefore need with multiplexing capability, low cost sensor as structure monitoring system sensing
Original paper.It is fibre optical sensor small volume, lightweight compared with conventional electrical sensor, it is easy to structure as one；Anticorrosive,
Flexible, electromagnetism interference, be adapted to space is strictly limited and the adverse circumstances such as strong electromagnetic under use；Optical fiber was in itself both
It is that sensor is signal transmission passage again, with very high sensitivity.
Light is transmitted in a fiber can produce scattering phenomenon, including change caused Rayleigh scattering by optical fibre refractivity, by light
Learn Raman scattering caused by phonon and three kinds of scatterings of Brillouin scattering as caused by acoustical phonon.Rayleigh scattering is one kind of optical fiber
Inherent characteristic, when light wave is transmitted in a fiber, runs into fiber core refractive index linear caused by random fluctuation on microcosmic
Scattering, the frequency of scattered light is identical with incident light.Raman scattering is that a photon of incident light wave is turned into by a phon scattering
Another low frequency photon, while phonon completes the transition between two vibrational state, belongs to nonlinear scattering, scatters light frequency phase
Incident light is shifted.The a variety of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques of two major classes are developed based on Rayleigh scattering and Raman scattering, such as
Rayleigh distributed formula temperature strain sensing technology and Raman distributed temperature sensor technology.But compared with this two classes sensing technology, base
Have spatial resolution high in the Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques of Brillouin scattering, distance sensing is remote, dynamic measurement etc. can be achieved
Advantage, therefore obtain widest research and application in civil engineering monitoring field.
BOTDA (Brillouin optical time domain analysis technology) sensing principle is to utilize Brillouin shift and temperature in sensor fibre
Linear relationship between strain, by demodulating the change of Brillouin scattering light frequency and then obtaining the temperature along optical fiber and answer
Become.BOTDA technologies utilize stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect in optical fiber, are injected separately into what is transmitted in opposite directions at optical fiber two ends
Two-beam, a branch of is pulse pump light, and another beam is continuous probe light.The difference on the frequency of two-beam is made close to light by system modulation
Fine Brillouin shift, now continuous probe optical signal is by pulse pump light amplification, generation stimulated Brillouin scattering.When optical fiber by
To when strain and temperature action, Brillouin shift can change.BOTDA systems are swept by modulating continuous probe light frequency
Frequently, change pulse pump light and the difference on the frequency of continuous probe light, obtain the brillouin gain letter of optical fiber each point at different frequencies
Number intensity, i.e. brillouin gain spectrum.By carrying out Lorentz fit to brillouin gain spectrum, brillouin gain spectrum peak pair is obtained
The Brillouin shift of the frequency answered, the i.e. point, and then obtain strain and the temperature of the point.
In existing monitoring scheme, sensing optic cable need to consider lay environment influence, soil slide etc. factor can to measurement number
According to having a certain impact, cause measurement result accuracy not high；Traditional technical scheme single hop measurement distance is limited, sometimes can not
Once measurement task is completed, it is necessary to multiple areal survey, overall measuring result error is larger after collecting, and spatial resolution is relatively low,
The demand of health monitoring field long-distance displacement monitoring positioning can not be met.
To sum up, in actual earthwork engineering monitoring, it is badly in need of a can realize and is accurately positioned, over long distances monitoring and space
The optical fibre displacement sensor of high resolution.
The content of the invention
For actual measurement demand, a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable is proposed.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme that to solve the above problems：One kind is based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable
Distributed displacement transducer, it is characterised in that including sensing optic cable, fixed point, fused fiber splice protecting box, multifiber cable, optical fiber
Passage extensible frame and Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument, the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument include laser, the first fiber coupling
Device, the first Polarization Controller, the first electrooptic modulator, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, optical fiber circulator, photodetector, adopt at a high speed
Truck, arbitrary-function generator, the second Polarization Controller, the second electrooptic modulator, microwave generator, fiber grating filter,
Optical isolator and testing fiber；
The sensing optic cable is embedded in region to be measured, and the sensing optic cable forms circuit by pinpointing alternately connection, described
The end of circuit two is connected in fused fiber splice protecting box, and multi-core optical is passed through between the fused fiber splice protecting box and optical-fibre channel extensible frame
Cable is connected, and is connected between the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument and optical-fibre channel extensible frame by multifiber cable；
The output end of the laser connects the input of the first fiber coupler, the output of first fiber coupler
End connects the input of the first Polarization Controller and the second Polarization Controller respectively；
The output end of first Polarization Controller connects the input of the first electrooptic modulator, and the arbitrary function occurs
Device output end connects the input of the first electrooptic modulator, the output end connection Erbium-doped fiber amplifier of first electrooptic modulator
The input of device, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier connects the Single port of optical fiber circulator, the optical fiber circulator
Two-port netwerk is connected to testing fiber one end；
The output end of second Polarization Controller connects the input of the second electrooptic modulator, the microwave generator
Output end connects the input of the second electrooptic modulator, the output end connection fiber grating filter of second electrooptic modulator
Input, the output end of the fiber grating filter connects the input of optical isolator, the optical isolator it is defeated
Go out end and be connected to the testing fiber other end.
Further, the light and the first fiber coupler sent inside the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument by laser
Port is relative, and light is divided into two beams by first fiber coupler, and a branch of is pump light, and another beam is detection light, the pumping
Light is modulated into polarised light into the first electrooptic modulator, the arbitrary-function generator control first by the first Polarization Controller
Electrooptic modulator output pulse waveform, the light by the first electrooptic modulator is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier, described
Light after amplification passes through optical fiber circulator, into testing fiber, and the detection light is modulated into polarization by the second Polarization Controller
Light, by the second electrooptic modulator, the microwave generator produces microwave signal and is loaded on detection light, is filtered by fiber grating
Enter testing fiber after ripple device, optical isolator, light is propagated along testing fiber, the pump light and detection light are in testing fiber
Generation stimulated Brillouin scattering phenomenon, the stokes light of generation is converted into telecommunications by optical fiber circulator into photodetector
Number, pass through high-speed collection card gathered data.
Further, the coupling ratio of first fiber coupler is 50：50, the coupling ratio of second fiber coupler
For 50：50.
Further, the laser is single mode narrow linewidth optical fiber laser, and the laser is that distributed feedback is partly led
Body laser, the laser is external cavity semiconductor laser, and the laser exports for single-mode fiber, and the laser will
The side frequency light that single side-band modulator is produced is used as detection light.
Further, first fiber coupler is single-mode fiber type.
Further, the testing fiber two ends adjust polarization state using Polarization Controller.
Further, the testing fiber converts optical signals into electric signal using differential detector.
Further, the sensing optic cable is embedded in region to be measured by way of earth anchorage is pinpointed.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
First, can effectively position monitor region, and relatively conventional sensing optic cable because sensing optic cable is using fixed point optical cable
Influence of the soil slip to measurement result can be masked, optical fiber outsourcing high duty metal reinforcer pull resistance, ductility also has
Improve, therefore result is more accurate；
2nd, due to realizing the demodulation of fiber-optic signal using BOTDA technologies, and use fixed point optical fiber as transmitting material simultaneously
Signal can be also transmitted, therefore long range temperature and strain monitoring can be realized；
3rd, due to using differential pulse to Brillouin's time-domain analysis technology, therefore spatial resolution is substantially increased, met
Sensor monitoring location requirement；
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument apparatus figure；
Fig. 2 is structure implementation figure；
Embodiment embodiment one：With reference to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, one kind is based on disclosed in the utility model
BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable distributed displacement transducer.It is characterised in that it includes sensing optic cable 1, fixed point 2, fused fiber splice
Protecting box 3, multifiber cable 4, optical-fibre channel extensible frame 5 and Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument 6, the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument
6 include laser 601, the first fiber coupler 602, the first Polarization Controller 603, the Er-doped fiber of the first electrooptic modulator 604
The optical fiber circulator 606 of amplifier 605, photodetector 607, high-speed collection card 608, arbitrary-function generator 609, second are polarized
Controller 610, the second electrooptic modulator 611, microwave generator 612, fiber grating filter 613, optical isolator 614 and treat
Light-metering fibre 615；
The sensing optic cable 1 is laid in region to be measured, and the sensing optic cable 1 replaces connection by fixed point 2 and forms circuit, institute
State the end of circuit two to be connected in fused fiber splice protecting box 3, pass through between the fused fiber splice protecting box 3 and optical-fibre channel extensible frame 5
Multifiber cable 4 is connected, and is connected between the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument 6 and optical-fibre channel extensible frame 5 by multifiber cable 4；
The sensing optic cable 1 is laid in region construction process to be measured and is broadly divided into：Measurement, mechanical equivalent of light excavation, sensing optic cable cloth
If, the detection of optical fiber integrity, roadbed backfill.Specific construction process is as follows：By field surveys, it is determined that fixed point optical cable buries area
Domain；Then go out the laying ditch position of sensor fibre, cutting depth 30cm by mechanical equivalent of light excavation；First repair the smooth of mechanical trench
Degree, then pads 5cm fine sands, according to order cloth sensing optic cable horizontal after first indulging, and is covered again with 5cm fine sands, in fixed position nail
Enter brandreth to fix, be allowed to that influence of the soil body transverse movement to fixed point can only be completely cut off as the soil body moves up and down；In sensing optic cable cloth
If after the completion of, degree intact to optical cable carries out unified detection, it is ensured that sensing optic cable all intact survivals, while roadbed is backfilled,
And using mechanical planarization, it is ensured that the laying of optic-fiber monitoring system does not influence on roadbed；Sensing optic cable is protected by fused fiber splice
Shield box be summarized in a multifiber cable, after by optical-fibre channel extensible frame be extended to multiple beams of optical fiber access Brillouin light time domain
Analyzer is demodulated to signal.
The output end of laser 601 connects the input of the first fiber coupler 602 in the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument 6
End, the output end of first fiber coupler 602 connects the first Polarization Controller 603 and the second Polarization Controller 610 respectively
Input；
The output end of first Polarization Controller 603 connects the input of the first electrooptic modulator 604, any letter
The output end of number generator 609 connects the input of the first electrooptic modulator 604, the output end of first electrooptic modulator 604
Connect the input of erbium-doped fiber amplifier 605, the output end connection optical fiber circulator 606 of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 605
Single port, the Two-port netwerk of the optical fiber circulator 606 is connected to the one end of testing fiber 615；
The output end of second Polarization Controller 610 connects the input of the second electrooptic modulator 611, the microwave hair
The output end of raw device 612 connects the input of the second electrooptic modulator 611, and the output end of second electrooptic modulator 611 connects
The input of fiber grating filter 613 is connect, the output end connection optical isolator 614 of the fiber grating filter 613
Input, the output end of the optical isolator 614 is connected to the other end of testing fiber 615.
The light sent inside the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument 6 by laser 601 and the end of the first fiber coupler 602
Mouth is relative, and light is divided into two beams by first fiber coupler 602, and a branch of is pump light, and another beam is detection light, the pumping
Light is modulated into polarised light into the first electrooptic modulator 604, the arbitrary-function generator by the first Polarization Controller 603
The 609 control output pulse waveforms of the first electrooptic modulator 604, the light by the first electrooptic modulator 604 passes through er-doped light
Fiber amplifier 605 amplifies, and the light after the amplification enters testing fiber 615 by optical fiber circulator 606, and the detection light passes through
Second Polarization Controller 610 is modulated into polarised light by the second electrooptic modulator 611, and the microwave generator 612 produces microwave
Signal loading enters testing fiber 615 to detecting on light by fiber grating filter 613, optical isolator 614, and light edge is treated
Light-metering fibre 615 is propagated, and stimulated Brillouin scattering phenomenon occurs in testing fiber 615 for the pump light and detection light, generation
Stokes light is converted into electric signal by optical fiber circulator 606 into photodetector 607, is adopted by high-speed collection card 608
Collect data.
The coupling ratio of first fiber coupler 602 is 50：50.
Operation principle：
The demodulation of measurement signal is completed by Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument, and its specific works is as follows：Laser 601 is exported
Continuous light, by 50:50 fiber coupler 602 is divided into energy identical two-beam and is respectively pump light and detects light,
The pump light on upper road is modulated into polarised light by Polarization Controller 603, into electrooptic modulator 604, occurs in arbitrary function
Under device 609 is controlled, the output pulse waveform of electrooptic modulator 604 is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier 605, by optical fiber circulator
606 enter testing fiber 615.The detection optical polarization controller 610 on lower road is modulated into polarised light, into electrooptic modulator 611,
The effect of electrooptic modulator 611 is that the microwave signal for producing microwave generator 612 is loaded on detection light, in glistening light of waves base published originally
It is Brillouin shift ν that frequency difference is produced on plinthBUpper lower side frequency light, its frequency is respectively ν0±νB, wherein ν0For former laser frequency
Rate.Upper side frequency ν is filtered out after fiber grating filter0+νB, after fiber grating filter 613 and fibre optic isolater 614,
Into testing fiber 615.Stimulated Brillouin scattering phenomenon occurs in testing fiber 615 for pump light and detection light, generation this
Lentor light passes through circulator 606, and electric signal is converted into photodetector 607, and number is gathered using high-speed collection card 608
According to.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment one, the laser
Device 601 is single mode narrow linewidth optical fiber laser, and the laser 601 is distributed feedback type semiconductor laser, the laser
601 be external cavity semiconductor laser, and the laser 601 is single-mode fiber output, and the laser 601 is by single sideband modulation
The side frequency light that device is produced is used as detection light.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment one, and described first
Fiber coupler 602 is single-mode fiber type.
Embodiment four：Present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment one, described to be measured
The two ends of optical fiber 615 adjust polarization state using Polarization Controller.
Embodiment five：Present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment one, described to be measured
Optical fiber 615 converts optical signals into electric signal using differential detector.
Embodiment six：Present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment one, the sensing
Optical cable 1 is embedded in region to be measured by way of earth anchorage is pinpointed.
Above example is the exemplary illustration to this patent, does not limit its protection domain, people in the art
Member can also be changed to its part, as long as no the Spirit Essence beyond this patent, all in the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable, it is characterised in that including sensing optic cable
(1), fixed point (2), fused fiber splice protecting box (3), multifiber cable (4), optical-fibre channel extensible frame (5) and Brillouin optical time domain analysis
Instrument (6), the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument (6) includes laser (601), the first fiber coupler (602), the first polarization control
Device (603) processed, the first electrooptic modulator (604), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (605), optical fiber circulator (606), photodetector
(607), high-speed collection card (608), arbitrary-function generator (609), the second Polarization Controller (610), the second electrooptic modulator
(611), microwave generator (612), fiber grating filter (613), optical isolator (614) and testing fiber (615)；
The sensing optic cable (1) is laid in region to be measured, and by pinpointing (2), alternately connection forms circuit to the sensing optic cable (1),
The end of circuit two is connected in fused fiber splice protecting box (3), the fused fiber splice protecting box (3) and optical-fibre channel extensible frame (5)
Between by multifiber cable (4) connect, by many between the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument (6) and optical-fibre channel extensible frame (5)
Core optical cable (4) is connected；
The output end of laser (601) connects the defeated of the first fiber coupler (602) in the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument (6)
Enter end, the output end of first fiber coupler (602) connects the first Polarization Controller (603) and the second Polarization Control respectively
The input of device (610)；
The output end of first Polarization Controller (603) connects the input of the first electrooptic modulator (604), any letter
Number generator (609) output end connects the input of the first electrooptic modulator (604), first electrooptic modulator (604)
The input of output end connection erbium-doped fiber amplifier (605), the output end connection optical fiber of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (605)
The left port of circulator (606), the right output port of the optical fiber circulator (606) is connected to testing fiber (615) one end；
The output end of second Polarization Controller (610) connects the input of the second electrooptic modulator (611), the microwave hair
The output end of raw device (612) connects the input of the second electrooptic modulator (611), second electrooptic modulator (611) it is defeated
Go out end connection fiber grating filter (613) input, the fiber grating filter (613) output end connection optics every
From the input of device (614), the output end of the optical isolator (614) is connected to testing fiber (615) other end.
2. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the light and the first fiber coupler sent inside the Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument (6) by laser (601)
(602) port is relative, and light is divided into two beams by first fiber coupler (602), and a branch of is pump light, and another beam is detection
Light, the pump light is modulated into polarised light into the first electrooptic modulator (604) by the first Polarization Controller (603), described
Arbitrary-function generator (609) controls the first electrooptic modulator (604) output pulse waveform, described to pass through the first electrooptic modulator
(604) light amplifies by erbium-doped fiber amplifier (605), and the light after the amplification enters by optical fiber circulator (606) to be treated
Light-metering fibre (615), the detection light is modulated into polarised light by the second Polarization Controller (610) and passes through the second electrooptic modulator
(611), the microwave generator (612) produces microwave signal and is loaded on detection light, by fiber grating filter (613),
Optical isolator (614) enters testing fiber (615), and light is propagated along testing fiber (615), and the pump light and detection light are being treated
Stimulated Brillouin scattering phenomenon occurs in light-metering fibre (615), the stokes light of generation enters light by optical fiber circulator (606)
Electric explorer (607) is converted into electric signal, passes through high-speed collection card (608) gathered data.
3. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the coupling ratio of first fiber coupler (602) is 50: 50.
4. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the laser (601) is single mode narrow linewidth optical fiber laser, the laser (601) is distributed feedback type semiconductor
Laser, the laser (601) is external cavity semiconductor laser, and the laser (601) exports for single-mode fiber, described
The side frequency light that laser (601) produces single side-band modulator is used as detection light.
5. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable according to claim 1, its feature
It is, first fiber coupler (602) is single-mode fiber type.
6. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable according to claim 1, its feature
It is, testing fiber (615) two ends adjust polarization state using Polarization Controller.
7. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the testing fiber (615) converts optical signals into electric signal using differential detector.
8. a kind of distributed displacement transducer based on BOTDA and fixed point strain optical cable according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the sensing optic cable (1) is embedded in region to be measured by way of earth anchorage is pinpointed.
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| CN107687939A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-02-13 | 鞍山睿科光电技术有限公司 | A kind of interference type optical fiber hydrophone pickup arm optical fiber detector and method |
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| CN110132228A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of subgrade settlement disease positioning based on flush type distribution optical cable and sedimentation degree characterizing method |
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| CN114739308A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-12 | 合肥工业大学 | Distributed optical fiber sensor combining time domain and frequency domain analysis and application thereof |
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