CN107664541A - A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system and method - Google Patents
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107664541A CN107664541A CN201710838972.1A CN201710838972A CN107664541A CN 107664541 A CN107664541 A CN 107664541A CN 201710838972 A CN201710838972 A CN 201710838972A CN 107664541 A CN107664541 A CN 107664541A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000001439 Opuntia Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system and method, distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system include laser, the first coupler, impulse generator, acousto-optic modulator (AOM), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), optical fiber circulator, Raman wave filter, the second coupler, balanced detector, the first avalanche probe, the second avalanche probe and data acquisition card.The present invention is measured while realizing to vibration and temperature, and 10m or so spatial resolution is obtained on tens of km fiber lengths, and make use of when being demodulated to vibration signal the method for unwrapping to obtain the phase information of vibration signal.The present invention can be widely used in the fields such as earthquake analysis, pipeline leakage testing and fire-fighting early warning, so as to widen the application field of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system and side
Method.
Background technology
With the rapid development of China's economy, the Large Infrastructure Projects in China have entered the Large scale construction stage.Therefore exist
Need to be monitored the structural health conditions of these extra long distances, large-scale basis facility in practical application, developing can
The monitoring system of the Large Infrastructure Projects leaned on turns into the focus studied now.Distributed optical fiber sensing system is due to measurement
Degree of accuracy height, electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, achievable remote distributed sensing have small volume, are easily installed and bury again simultaneously
If the advantages that, have been applied to many structural health detection fields.There are natural gas, petroleum pipeline monitoring, the optical cable prison of long range
The safety monitorings such as control；Also there is the health monitoring of the civilian installation such as civil engineering such as bridge, heavy construction；Also sensitive installations such as machine
The safety monitoring in field, nuclear power station, factory and military base etc..Therefore.Fibre Optical Sensor is with a wide range of applications, and researches and develops base
There is important economic value and social effect in the safety monitoring system of Fibre Optical Sensor.
Optical time domain reflection technology based on Rayleigh, Brillouin, Raman scattering has been widely used in a variety of detection fields.
But due to their own principle and the limitation of structure, it can only be vibrated respectively, the measurement of stress and temperature.But one
The field such as detect in some specific structural healths detections, such as along petroleum pipeline leak detection, power cable, many reference amounts it is same
When measurement be content it is desirable to concern.Therefore one can measure simultaneously vibration and temperature many reference amounts information system into
For urgent demand.
At present, existing team proposes the scheme of some multi-parameter Fusions for use above requirement.Nanjing University
Yixin Zhang, Lan Xia etc. exist《A New Designed FBG and Φ-OTDR Hybrid System for
Vibration and Temperature Sensing》It is middle to be combined using Fiber Bragg Grating FBG pair and Ф-OTDR, with reality
The ability that existing temperature and vibration sense simultaneously.It after probe source is injected into FBG, will be reflected by FBG, and form two adjacent pulses
Signal, when the temperature varies, two FBG reflectance spectrum will be moved, and cause the work(for the light pulse that each FBG is reflected back
Rate value changes.Linear relationship be present with temperature in the ratio of the power of two reflected impulses.By detecting reflected light wavelength
Change can be to realize the sensing of temperature.The absolute of reflected pulse power can be required no knowledge about using the mode of this ratio
Value, the stability requirement to system reduce.But this structure needs to scribe grating in optical fiber, the implementation for adding engineering is difficult
Degree.The method can only measure to the temperature of specified point simultaneously, have certain measurement blind area and exist.The Tao of University Of Chongqing
Zhu reports one kind in the Photonics Global Conference of 2017 and combines using ROTDR and Ф-OTDR
Row thermometric and the measuring method of vibration.But his system that is proposed need to launch the different pulse of two-way enter respectively trip temperature and
The measurement of vibration, which increase the complexity of system architecture.Meanwhile the system that he is proposed is used when carrying out vibration measurement
The method of direct detection, so just can not fully eliminate ASE broadband noises caused by EDFA, and noise can be superimposed with Rayleigh scattering
To together, distance sensing is had a strong impact on.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome prior art in same sensor-based system while realize high letter
Make an uproar than distributed vibration and temperature survey in terms of deficiency, and provide a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensing system
System and method, vibration and the measurement of temperature can be realized simultaneously；And the method pair of unwrapping again after coherent detection can be passed through
Measure obtained vibration signal and carry out more intact reduction.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system, including laser, the first coupler, impulse generator, sound
Optical modulator, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, optical fiber circulator, Raman wave filter, the second coupler, balanced detector, the first snowslide
Detector, the second avalanche probe and data acquisition card；Wherein,
Laser, for exporting continuous narrow-linewidth laser to the first coupler；
First coupler, for narrow-linewidth laser to be divided into two-way：The first via is that initial probe light is inputted to acousto-optic modulator, the
Two tunnels are that local oscillator light is inputted to the second coupler；
Acousto-optic modulator, for by initial probe light modulation into pulse light output to erbium-doped fiber amplifier；
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier, for output after the pulse light amplification that exports acousto-optic modulator to optical fiber circulator；
Optical fiber circulator, inputted for will finally detect light by its 1st port, and sensor fibre is injected into by its 2nd port；
Sensor fibre, for when receiving final detection light, producing back-scattering light and inputting to the 2nd end of optical fiber circulator
Mouthful, and exported by the 3rd port of optical fiber circulator to Raman wave filter；
Raman wave filter, the back-scattering light for the 3rd port 3 for receiving optical fiber circulator to be exported are divided into Rayleigh backwards
Scatter light, Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light；
Second coupler, after the rayleigh backscattering light for exporting Raman wave filter and local oscillator photomixing, export coherent light
To balanced detector；
Balanced detector, for coherent light to be converted into electric signal output to data acquisition card；
First avalanche probe, for being exported after Raman stokes light is converted into the first electric signal to data acquisition card；
Second avalanche probe, for being exported after Raman anti-Stokes light is converted into the second electric signal to data acquisition card；
Data acquisition card, for according to trigger pulse, the first electric signal, the second electric signal being respectively converted into data signal and carried out
Subsequent treatment.
As a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration of the present invention and the further prioritization scheme of Temperature fusion sensor-based system, institute
State device and measured while realizing vibration and temperature over the same fiber.
As a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration of the present invention and the further prioritization scheme of Temperature fusion sensor-based system, institute
It is narrow linewidth laser to state laser.
As a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration of the present invention and the further prioritization scheme of Temperature fusion sensor-based system, institute
State acousto-optic modulator and initial probe light is subjected to shift frequency, and rayleigh backscattering light and local oscillator light are concerned with.
Based on a kind of method of above-mentioned distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: producing continuous mode narrow-linewidth laser using laser, the narrow-linewidth laser is divided into two-way through the first coupler：
The first via is inputted to acousto-optic modulator as initial probe light, and the second tunnel is that local oscillator light is inputted to the second coupler；
Step 2: pulse width and the pulse period of setting impulse generator, by acousto-optic modulator by continuous mode narrow linewidth
Laser is converted to pulsed light, and is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and the final pulsed light after amplification passes through fiber annular
The 1st port input of device, and be injected into by the 2nd port of optical fiber circulator in sensor fibre；
Step 3: sensor fibre receives final pulsed light, back-scattering light is produced, and back-scattering light is inputted to fiber optic loop
2nd port of shape device, and exported by the 3rd port of optical fiber circulator to Raman wave filter；
Step 4: Raman wave filter by the back-scattering light received be divided into rayleigh backscattering light, Raman stokes light and
Raman anti-Stokes light；Rayleigh backscattering light is used for the frequency for detecting vibration and position, Raman Stokes and Raman are anti-
Stokes light is used to detect the change of temperature；Wherein rayleigh backscattering light is inputted to the second coupler and local oscillator light
Row is relevant, is detected by balanced detector；Raman stokes light, Raman anti-Stokes light are detected by the first snowslide respectively
Device and the second avalanche probe are detected；
Step 5: by the signal output that balanced detector, the first avalanche probe and the second avalanche probe detect to signal
Capture card is acquired, and processing is vibrated and temperature information.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following technique effect using above technical scheme：
（1）Realize the measurement simultaneously to vibration event and temperature change；
（2）By being demodulated acquisition phase information to the amplitude information that coherent detection obtains.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the distributed optical fiber vibration of the present invention and the structural representation of Temperature fusion sensor-based system；
Fig. 2 a are apparatus of the present invention and method measures the map of magnitudes that hammer taps event；
Fig. 2 b are apparatus of the present invention and method measures the spectrogram that hammer taps event；
Fig. 3 a are the Raman stokes light that apparatus of the present invention and method measure and Raman anti-Stokes light curve；
Fig. 3 b are the temperature curves being calculated by Stokes and anti-Stokes curve；
Fig. 4 a are the map of magnitudes that apparatus of the present invention and method measure 100Hz sinusoidal signals；
Fig. 4 b are the phase informations that the 100Hz signals that unwrapping restores are carried out to phase.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
It is the system construction drawing of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, including laser, the first coupler, impulse generator, acousto-optic modulation
Device, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, optical fiber circulator, Raman wave filter, balanced detector, the first avalanche probe, the second snowslide are visited
Survey device and data acquisition card；Wherein,
Laser, for exporting continuous narrow-linewidth laser to the first coupler；
First coupler, for narrow-linewidth laser to be divided into two-way：The first via is that initial probe light is inputted to acousto-optic modulator, the
Two tunnels are that local oscillator light is inputted to the second coupler；
Acousto-optic modulator, for by initial probe light modulation into pulse light output to erbium-doped fiber amplifier；
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier, the pulsed light for acousto-optic modulator to be exported are exported to fiber optic loop after being enlarged into final detection light
Shape device；
Optical fiber circulator, inputted for will finally detect light by its 1st port, and sensor fibre is injected into by its 2nd port；
Sensor fibre, for when receiving final detection light, producing back-scattering light and inputting to the 2nd end of optical fiber circulator
Mouthful, and exported by the 3rd port of optical fiber circulator to Raman wave filter；
Raman wave filter, the back-scattering light for the 3rd port 3 for receiving optical fiber circulator to be exported are divided into Rayleigh backwards
Scatter light, Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light；
Second coupler, after the rayleigh backscattering light for exporting Raman wave filter and local oscillator photomixing, export coherent light
To balanced detector；
Balanced detector, for coherent light to be converted into electric signal output to data acquisition card；
First avalanche probe, for being exported after Raman stokes light is converted into the first electric signal to data acquisition card；
Second avalanche probe, for being exported after Raman anti-Stokes light is converted into the second electric signal to data acquisition card.
Data acquisition card, for according to trigger pulse, the first electric signal, the second electric signal to be respectively converted into data signal
Carry out subsequent treatment.
Described device measures while realizing vibration and temperature over the same fiber.
The laser is narrow linewidth laser.
Initial probe light is carried out shift frequency by the acousto-optic modulator, and rayleigh backscattering light and local oscillator light are carried out into phase
It is dry.
Use device performance：The model RIO lasers of laser, the laser wavelength are 1550nm, line width 3kHz,
Output optical power is 11dBm；The model Gooch＆Housego of acousto-optic modulator, it is possible to achieve 150MHz frequency upper shift；
EDFA selects Amonics amplifier, and centre frequency can reach 23dBm in 1550nm, invariable power gain；Raman wave filter
Isolation is 40dB；That balanced detector is selected is ThorLab companies bandwidth 350MHz, and multiplication factor is 40dB PDB430C；
The bandwidth of first avalanche probe and the second avalanche probe is 20MHz, gain 60dB.
Binding experiment parameter comprises the following steps that：
Step 1: laser produces continuous mode narrow-linewidth laser, the narrow-linewidth laser passes through 90/10 coupler, 10% laser
As the local oscillator light of coherent detection, 90% laser is inputted to acousto-optic modulator as initial probe light；
Step 2: pulse width and the pulse period of setting impulse generator, pulse width is in 50ns-1us, cycle 150us-
1ms；Acousto-optic modulator is by continuous light shift frequency 150M and is converted to pulsed light, is then amplified to by erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Peak-to-peak value is 21dBm, and the pulsed light after amplification is inputted by the 1st port of optical fiber circulator, and by the 2nd end of optical fiber circulator
Mouth is injected into sensor fibre；
Step 3: sensor fibre receives the pulsed light after amplification, back-scattering light is produced, and back-scattering light is inputted to light
2nd port of fine circulator, and exported by the 3rd port of optical fiber circulator to Raman wave filter；
Step 4: back-scattering light is divided into this anti-support of rayleigh backscattering light, Raman stokes light, Raman by Raman wave filter
Ke Si light；Wherein rayleigh backscattering light is inputted to the second coupler with local oscillator light and is concerned with, by flat with a width of 350M
Weighing apparatus detector is detected；Raman stokes light, Raman anti-Stokes light are visited by the first snowslide that bandwidth is all 20M respectively
Survey device and the second avalanche probe is detected；
Step 5: by the signal output that balanced detector, the first avalanche probe and the second avalanche probe detect to signal
Capture card is acquired, and processing is vibrated and temperature information.
Test the amplitude information for measuring hammer percussion event and frequency spectrum is corresponding as shown in Figure 2 a and 2 b.Fig. 3 a are measured
35 DEG C to 55 DEG C of Raman Stokes and Raman anti-Stokes curve, Fig. 3 b are by Stokes and anti-Stokes curve
The temperature curve for solving out, can see more obvious temperature change, and the measurement of temperature will not event vibrated
Influence.Fig. 4 a are the amplitude informations for measuring 100Hz sinusoidal signals, it can be seen that due to the sinusoidal signal Oscillation Amplitude mistake of application
Greatly, there occurs aliasing for the range signal measured.Fig. 4 b are the phase signal after being demodulated to phase, it can be seen that 100Hz
Sinusoidal signal obtained more perfect reduction.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to is assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
On the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, some simple deductions can also be made or substituted, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system, it is characterised in that：Including laser, the first coupler,
Impulse generator, acousto-optic modulator, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, optical fiber circulator, Raman wave filter, the second coupler, balance are visited
Survey device, the first avalanche probe, the second avalanche probe and data acquisition card；Wherein,
Laser, for exporting continuous narrow-linewidth laser to the first coupler；
First coupler, for narrow-linewidth laser to be divided into two-way：The first via is that initial probe light is inputted to acousto-optic modulator, the
Two tunnels are that local oscillator light is inputted to the second coupler；
Acousto-optic modulator, for by initial probe light modulation into pulse light output to erbium-doped fiber amplifier；
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier, for output after the pulse light amplification that exports acousto-optic modulator to optical fiber circulator；
Optical fiber circulator, inputted for will finally detect light by its 1st port, and sensor fibre is injected into by its 2nd port；
Sensor fibre, for when receiving final detection light, producing back-scattering light and inputting to the 2nd end of optical fiber circulator
Mouthful, and exported by the 3rd port of optical fiber circulator to Raman wave filter；
Raman wave filter, the back-scattering light for the 3rd port 3 for receiving optical fiber circulator to be exported are divided into Rayleigh backwards
Scatter light, Raman stokes light and Raman anti-Stokes light；
Second coupler, after the rayleigh backscattering light for exporting Raman wave filter and local oscillator photomixing, export coherent light
To balanced detector；
Balanced detector, for coherent light to be converted into electric signal output to data acquisition card；
First avalanche probe, for being exported after Raman stokes light is converted into the first electric signal to data acquisition card；
Second avalanche probe, for being exported after Raman anti-Stokes light is converted into the second electric signal to data acquisition card；
Data acquisition card, for according to trigger pulse, the first electric signal, the second electric signal being respectively converted into data signal and carried out
Subsequent treatment.
A kind of 2. distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dress
Put and measured while realizing vibration and temperature over the same fiber.
A kind of 3. distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to swash
Light device is narrow linewidth laser.
A kind of 4. distributed optical fiber vibration and Temperature fusion sensor-based system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sound
Initial probe light is carried out shift frequency by optical modulator, and rayleigh backscattering light and local oscillator light are concerned with.
5. the method for distributed optical fiber vibration according to claim 1 and Temperature fusion sensor-based system, it is characterised in that：Bag
Include following steps：
Step 1: producing continuous mode narrow-linewidth laser using laser, the narrow-linewidth laser is divided into two-way through the first coupler：
The first via is inputted to acousto-optic modulator as initial probe light, and the second tunnel is that local oscillator light is inputted to the second coupler；
Step 2: pulse width and the pulse period of setting impulse generator, by acousto-optic modulator by continuous mode narrow linewidth
Laser is converted to pulsed light, and is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and the final pulsed light after amplification passes through fiber annular
The 1st port input of device, and be injected into by the 2nd port of optical fiber circulator in sensor fibre；
Step 3: sensor fibre receives final pulsed light, back-scattering light is produced, and back-scattering light is inputted to fiber optic loop
2nd port of shape device, and exported by the 3rd port of optical fiber circulator to Raman wave filter；
Step 4: Raman wave filter by the back-scattering light received be divided into rayleigh backscattering light, Raman stokes light and
Raman anti-Stokes light；Rayleigh backscattering light is used for the frequency for detecting vibration and position, Raman Stokes and Raman are anti-
Stokes light is used to detect the change of temperature；Wherein rayleigh backscattering light is inputted to the second coupler and local oscillator light
Row is relevant, is detected by balanced detector；Raman stokes light, Raman anti-Stokes light are detected by the first snowslide respectively
Device and the second avalanche probe are detected；
Step 5: by the signal output that balanced detector, the first avalanche probe and the second avalanche probe detect to signal
Capture card is acquired, and processing is vibrated and temperature information.
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