CN108169177A - A kind of device and method of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection Download PDFInfo
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- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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Abstract
The device of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection, including sequentially connected first laser device, the first isolator, the first coupler, Polarization Controller, acousto-optic modulator, the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator, sensor fibre；And equipped with the second isolator, the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, second laser, laser controller, lock-in amplifier, the second coupler, photodetector, data acquisition card, signal processing and display unit.Some apertures are made on sensor fibre, as the gas and the interaction zone of light on sensor fibre, the signal that second laser is sent out interacts as pump light in sensor fibre with gas, gas generates periodic modulating characteristic after absorbing pump light, obtains the concentration of upper gas along sensor fibre.The present invention can realize high-precision gas concentration detection, have identical applicability to multiple gases detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas-detecting device and methods, and in particular to a kind of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection
Device and method.
Background technology
With the fast development of China's economy, process of industrialization has obtained propulsion at full speed, however the safety brought therewith
But very severe, the frequent generation of all kinds of serious accidents not only cause personal injury to related practitioner, return state problem
Family causes huge economic loss and forms severe social influence, these accidents, which are substantially all, is related to hazardous gas
Quick detection, relevant issues such as monitoring in real time.At present, the fiber gas sensor of report be concentrated mainly on based on common or
On the point type fiber gas sensor of photonic crystal fiber, it is impossible to realize online gas detection at a distance, therefore, research is opened
Sending out distribution type fiber-optic gas sensor technology has very important learning value and realistic meaning.2014, the researchs such as Li Gang
Personnel propose a kind of distributed gas sensor-based system and its control method, application No. is 201410708072.1, pass through master control
Plate controls Multichannel photoswitch, realizes a laser control multichannel and carries out gas detection, greatly reduces system cost.2015
Year, the researchers such as Zheng Guanghui propose distributed fiberoptic sensor, application No. is 201510071655.2, using optical fiber by gas
Body detection device and host machine part including lasing light emitter, demodulating equipment, photoelectric detector are attached, shoot laser and anti-
It penetrates laser to propagate between these by optical fiber, is suitable for remote website gas sensing detection.2015, Jin Wei
Researchers is waited to propose gas detection method and system based on hollow-core fiber photo-thermal effect, application No. is
201510005210.4, it is detected using pumping and detecting double excitation scheme, method is simple and practical, can realize minimum
Facula area substantially increases optical power density, so as to be enhanced Photothermal Signals intensity.From the point of view of these reports, these
Invention is all point type fiber gas sensor, it is impossible to deserve to be called distribution type fiber-optic gas sensor, and utilize hollow photon crystal
The cost of optical fiber is too high, it is difficult to carry out the implementation of industrialization.
Invention content
Present invention aims at, a kind of device and method of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection is provided, it can not only can
The shortcomings that overcoming existing gas detection technology is with insufficient, the detection of realization distribution type fiber-optic gas, and can realize quick height
The measurement request of precision, and have many advantages, such as to have the advantages of simple structure and easy realization.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of device of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection, features
It is, including sequentially connected first laser device 101, the first isolator 102, the first coupler 103, Polarization Controller 104, sound
Optical modulator 105, the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 106, circulator 107, sensor fibre 108；And equipped with the second isolator, second
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier, second laser, laser controller, lock-in amplifier, the second coupler, photodetector, signal are adopted
Truck, signal processing and display unit 117, the laser signal that first laser device is sent out enter the first coupler through the first isolator
103, laser signal is divided into two beam signals by the first coupler, and the first beam signal enters the second coupler 114 as local oscillation signal,
Second beam signal enters acousto-optic modulator 105 through Polarization Controller 104, and acousto-optic modulator 105 is by the second beam signal modulation into arteries and veins
Signal is rushed, and the frequency of signal generates frequency displacement, pulse signal after the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier amplification 106 by entering circulator
1071# ports, from circulator 2# ports, output enters sensor fibre 108, and in sensor fibre, pulse signal is generated backwards to Rayleigh
Scattered signal, back rayleigh scattering signal enter circulator by circulator 1072# ports, are exported from circulator 1073# ports
Back rayleigh scattering signal coupled on the second coupler 114 with the first beam laser signal, from the second coupler export letter
Electric signal is converted into after number entering photodetector 115, and electric signal is input to lock-in amplifier 113, lock-in amplifier output two
Road signal, first via signal are connected to laser controller 112, and the output signal of laser controller drives second laser 111, from
The laser signal of second laser output enters the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 110, amplifies through the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 110
Signal by the second isolator 109 enter sensor fibre, in sensor fibre, under test gas absorption is put from the second Er-doped fiber
The signal that big device 110 exports, generates phase-modulation phenomenon, the pulse being input to from the 2# ports of circulator 107 in sensor fibre
The phase information of signal detection phase-modulation phenomenon, by back rayleigh scattering signal and local oscillation signal in the second coupler 114
Upper coupling, the another way signal entering signal capture card 116 exported from lock-in amplifier 113, the output terminal of data acquisition card connect
Signal processing and display unit 117 are connected to, the gas concentration information on along sensor fibre is obtained, equipped with impulse sender 118
The electric signal input end driving acousto-optic modulator 105 that the pulse electrical signal of generation is connected to acousto-optic modulator works, impulse ejection
The synchronizing signal of device output is connected to the synchronous signal input end of data acquisition card 114 to keep data acquisition card and acousto-optic modulation
Device is in synchronous regime.Acousto-optic modulator frequency displacement is 50-150MHz.
Further, wherein first laser device described above and second laser are wavelength and the humorous laser of power adjustable
Device, the sensor fibre is general single mode fiber, one kind in dispersion shifted optical fiber；
Further, sensor fibre along optical fiber surface using femtosecond processing technology making be uniformly distributed or non-uniform Distribution it is small
Gas chamber of the hole as gas, a diameter of about 1-10.0 μm of aperture.
Further, wherein the photodetector is balanced detector or the photodetector of other types.
In order to achieve the above object, a kind of method of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection, includes the following steps：
The laser signal that first laser device 101 is sent out enters the first coupler through the first isolator, and the first coupler will swash
Optical signal is divided into two beam signals, and the first beam signal enters the second coupler as local oscillation signal, and the second beam signal is through Polarization Control
Device enters acousto-optic modulator, and acousto-optic modulator is by the second beam signal modulation into pulse signal, and the frequency of pulse signal generates one
Fixed frequency displacement (acousto-optic modulator type is different, and frequency displacement is different, about 80MHz), pulse signal is put by the first Er-doped fiber
Big device is amplified into circulator 1# ports, and from circulator 2# ports, output enters sensor fibre, in sensor fibre, tape pulse
The light of signal generates back rayleigh scattering signal, and back rayleigh scattering signal enters circulator by circulator 2# ports, from ring
The back rayleigh scattering signal of shape device 3# ports output is coupled with the first beam laser signal on the second coupler, from the second coupling
The signal of device output is converted into electric signal after entering photodetector, and electric signal is input to lock-in amplifier, and lock-in amplifier is defeated
Go out two paths of signals, first via signal is connected to laser controller, the output signal driving second laser of laser controller, from the
The laser signal of dual-laser device output enters the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, and the signal amplified through the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier leads to
It crosses the second isolator and enters sensor fibre, in sensor fibre, under test gas absorption is exported from the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Signal generates the optical signal of phase-modulation, and the light detection of the tape pulse signal in sensor fibre is input to from circulator 2# ports
To the phase information of the light of phase-modulation, coupled on the second coupler with local oscillation signal by back rayleigh scattering signal, from
The another way signal entering signal capture card of lock-in amplifier output, the output terminal of data acquisition card are connected to signal processing and show
Show unit, obtain the upper and relevant gas concentration information of phase-modulation along sensor fibre, what the impulse sender being equipped with generated
Pulse electrical signal is connected to the electric signal input end driving acousto-optic modulator work of acousto-optic modulator, and impulse sender exports same
Step is signally attached to the synchronous signal input end of data acquisition card so that data acquisition card and acousto-optic modulator to be kept to be in synchronous shape
State.
The signal that second laser is sent out interacts as pump light in sensor fibre with gas, and gas absorbs pumping
Periodic modulating characteristic is generated after light, the detectable signal and the gas of periodic modulation that first laser device is sent out interact,
So that the phase of detectable signal generates variation, direct impulse signal generates back rayleigh scattering signal in sensor fibre, passes through
The Rayleigh scattering signal phase information of reflection is detected, obtains the concentration of upper gas along sensor fibre.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention makes aperture as gas on general single mode fiber by the use of femtosecond processing technology
The storage gas chamber of body, as the gas and the interaction zone of light on sensor fibre, gas absorbs pumping laser signal and generates
Modulation phenomenon recycles the back rayleigh scattering detection pump signal of exploring laser light signal in a fiber to generate the biography of modulation phenomenon
It is photosensitive it is fine along on phase information, realize the gas concentration information on along sensor fibre, detection device system structure is simple,
As a result accuracy is high, and stability of instrument is good.The shortcomings that can not only can overcoming existing gas detection technology, realization was distributed with insufficient
The detection of formula fiber-optic fiber gas, and can realize the measurement request of quick high accuracy, and it is excellent with having the advantages of simple structure and easy realization etc.
Point.The method of the present invention is simple, can realize high-precision gas concentration detection, and multiple gases detection is applicable in identical
Property.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic block diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sensor fibre structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be the present invention sensor fibre along on phase information schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is wavelength and measurement signal voltages relation schematic diagram under gas with various concentration levels of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the implementation
Example.
In order to know more about the technology contents of the present invention, spy is for embodiment and institute's accompanying drawings is coordinated to be described as follows.
First laser device 101, the first isolator 102, the first coupler 103, Polarization Controller, acousto-optic modulator, first
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier, circulator, sensor fibre, the second isolator, the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, second laser, laser
Controller, lock-in amplifier, the second coupler, photodetector, data acquisition card, signal processing and display unit 117, first
The laser signal that laser is sent out enters the first coupler 103 through the first isolator, and laser signal is divided into two by the first coupler
Beam signal, the first beam signal enter the second coupler 114 as local oscillation signal, and the second beam signal enters through Polarization Controller 104
Acousto-optic modulator 105, acousto-optic modulator 105 by the second beam signal modulation into pulse signal, and the frequency of signal generate it is certain
Frequency displacement, pulse signal after the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier amplification 106 by entering circulator 1071# ports, from circulator 2# ends
Mouth output enters sensor fibre 108, and in sensor fibre, pulse signal generates back rayleigh scattering signal, back rayleigh scattering
Signal enters circulator by circulator 1072# ports, the back rayleigh scattering signal exported from circulator 1073# ports and the
Beam of laser signal couples on the second coupler 114, and the signal exported from the second coupler turns after entering photodetector 115
Change electric signal into, electric signal is input to lock-in amplifier 113, lock-in amplifier output two paths of signals, and first via signal is connected to
Laser controller 112, the output signal driving second laser 111 of laser controller, the laser letter exported from second laser
Number the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier of entrance 110, the signal amplified through the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 110 pass through the second isolator
109 enter sensor fibre, and in sensor fibre, under test gas absorbs the signal exported from the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 110, production
Raw phase-modulation phenomenon, the pulse signal detection phase-modulation phenomenon being input to from the 2# ports of circulator 107 in sensor fibre
Phase information, coupled on the second coupler 114 with local oscillation signal by back rayleigh scattering signal, from lock-in amplifier
The another way signal entering signal capture card 116 of 113 outputs, the output terminal of data acquisition card is connected to signal processing and display is single
Member 117 obtains the gas concentration information on along sensor fibre, the pulse electrical signal connection generated equipped with impulse sender 118
Electric signal input end driving acousto-optic modulator 105 to acousto-optic modulator works, the synchronizing signal connection of impulse sender output
To the synchronous signal input end of data acquisition card 114 data acquisition card and acousto-optic modulator to be kept to be in synchronous regime.
101 laser signal sent out of first laser device (narrow line wide cavity tunable laser ECDL) through the first isolator into
Enter the first coupler, first laser device is narrow line wide cavity tunable laser ECDL, and the detection signal wavelength for setting output is
Laser signal is divided into two beam signals by 1556.60nm, output power 5dBm, the first coupler, and the first beam signal is as local oscillator
Signal enters the second coupler, and the second beam signal enters acousto-optic modulator, acousto-optic modulator Gooch＆ through Polarization Controller
HouseGo M040-8J-F2S, fixing frequency displacement 20MHz, the pulse electrical signal driving acousto-optic modulator that impulse generator generates,
Impulse generator is Agilent 81110A, and the frequency of output signal is 0-330MHz, the pulse telecommunications that impulse generator generates
Number driving acousto-optic modulator, behind the signal frequency that exports when doing Differential Detection be about 100MHz or so.The data finally shown
When need the relationship of calibration concentration and phase size in advance.
Acousto-optic modulator is by the second beam signal modulation into pulse signal, and setting pulse width is 200ns, and pulse signal passes through
First erbium-doped fiber amplifier is amplified into circulator 1# ports, and the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier is KPS-BT2-C-30-PB-
FA, output power range 10-30dBm, setting output power are 20dBm, and pulse signal is exported from circulator 2# ports to be entered
Sensor fibre, the structure of sensor fibre utilize femtosecond processing skill as shown in Fig. 2, sensor fibre is the general single mode fiber of 1600m
Art is spaced 100m on sensor fibre and makes a circular hole, and a diameter of 6.2 μm of circular hole, sensor fibre has been placed on acetylene (C2H2)
In the environment of gas, in sensor fibre, pulse signal generates back rayleigh scattering signal, the center of back rayleigh scattering signal
Wavelength is 1556.60nm, and back rayleigh scattering signal enters circulator by circulator 2# ports, is exported from circulator 3# ports
Back rayleigh scattering signal coupled on the second coupler with the first beam laser signal, from the second coupler export signal into
Electric signal is converted into after entering photodetector, photodetector (208) is the Finisar XPDV21x0RA of 50GHz, responds wave
A length of 1528~1564nm, the electric signal of photodetector output are input to lock-in amplifier, lock-in amplifier SR865A
Lock-In Amplifier, lock-in amplifier output two paths of signals, first via signal are connected to laser controller, laser controlling
The output signal driving second laser of device, second laser is Distributed Feedback Laser, wherein a length of 1527-1610nm of cardiac wave, as
Output wavelength 1530.371nm, output power 0dBm are set, and the laser signal exported from second laser enters the second er-doped
Fiber amplifier, the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier are the continuous erbium-doped fiber amplifier of CEFA-C-BO-HP series C-band high powers,
Output power is set as 25dBm, and the signal amplified through the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier enters sensor fibre by the second isolator,
In sensor fibre, under test gas absorbs the signal exported from the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, phase-modulation phenomenon is generated, from ring
The phase information of pulse signal detection phase-modulation phenomenon that shape device 2# ports are input in sensor fibre backwards to Rayleigh by dissipating
It penetrates signal to couple on the second coupler with local oscillation signal, the another way signal entering signal acquisition exported from lock-in amplifier
Card, data acquisition card are DAQPCIE 9081, and the output terminal of data acquisition card is connected to signal processing and display unit, is passed
Gas concentration information on along photosensitive fibre, the pulse electrical signal that impulse sender generates are connected to the electric signal of acousto-optic modulator
Input terminal driving acousto-optic modulator work, the synchronizing signal that the synchronizing signal that impulse sender exports is connected to data acquisition card are defeated
Enter end so that data acquisition card and acousto-optic modulator to be kept to be in synchronous regime, measure the phase letter on along the sensor fibre of acquisition
Breath measures concentration information such as Fig. 4 institutes of gas as shown in figure 3, from figure 3, it can be seen that have acetylene gas at 310m and 1000m
Show, from fig. 4, it can be seen that the absorption peak of acetylene gas be 1530.371nm, with the increase of gas concentration, measuring signal it is strong
Degree is gradually increasing.
Although the present invention is disclosed above with embodiment, however, it is not to limit the invention.The technical field of the invention
Middle tool usually intellectual, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can be used for a variety of modifications and variations.Therefore, originally
The protection domain of invention is when subject to those as defined in claim.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of device of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection, which is characterized in that including sequentially connected first laser device
(101), the first isolator (the 102, first coupler (103), Polarization Controller (104), acousto-optic modulator (105), the first er-doped
Fiber amplifier (106), circulator (107), sensor fibre (108)；And equipped with the second isolator, the second Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Device, second laser, laser controller, lock-in amplifier, the second coupler, photodetector, data acquisition card, signal processing
And display unit (117), the laser signal that first laser device is sent out through the first isolator enter the first coupler (103), first
Laser signal is divided into two beam signals by coupler, and the first beam signal enters the second coupler (114), the second beam as local oscillation signal
Signal is through Polarization Controller (104) into acousto-optic modulator (105), and acousto-optic modulator (105) is by the second beam signal modulation into arteries and veins
Signal is rushed, and the frequency of signal generates frequency displacement, pulse signal amplifies (106) by the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier and enters annular afterwards
Device (107) 1# ports, from circulator 2# ports, output enters sensor fibre (108), in sensor fibre, the light production of pulse signal
Raw back rayleigh scattering signal, back rayleigh scattering signal enters circulator by circulator (107) 2# ports, from circulator
(107) the back rayleigh scattering signal of 3# ports output is coupled with the first beam laser signal on the second coupler (114), from the
The signal of two couplers output is converted into electric signal after entering photodetector (115), and electric signal is input to lock-in amplifier
(113), lock-in amplifier output two paths of signals, first via signal are connected to laser controller (112), the output of laser controller
Signal driving second laser (111, the laser signal exported from second laser enters the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier (110),
Through the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier (110) amplification signal by the second isolator (109) into sensor fibre, in sensor fibre
In, under test gas absorbs the signal exported from the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier (110), phase-modulation phenomenon is generated, from circulator
(107) 2# ports are input to the phase information of the pulse signal detection phase-modulation phenomenon in sensor fibre, by backwards to auspicious
Sharp scattered signal is coupled with local oscillation signal on the second coupler (114), the another way signal exported from lock-in amplifier (113)
Entering signal capture card (116), the output terminal of data acquisition card are connected to signal processing and display unit (117), are sensed
Gas concentration information on along optical fiber, equipped with impulse sender, (118 pulse electrical signals generated are connected to acousto-optic modulator
(105 work, the synchronizing signal of impulse sender output are connected to data acquisition card to electric signal input end driving acousto-optic modulator
(114) synchronous signal input end is to keep data acquisition card and acousto-optic modulator to be in synchronous regime.
2. the device of a kind of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first
Laser and second laser are wavelength and the humorous laser of power adjustable, and the sensor fibre is general single mode fiber, color
Dissipate one kind in shifted fiber.
A kind of 3. device of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sensor fibre
Along optical fiber surface by the use of femtosecond processing technology making be uniformly distributed or the aperture of non-uniform Distribution as gas gas chamber, aperture
A diameter of 1-10.0 μm.
A kind of 4. device of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the photoelectricity
Detector is balanced detector or the photodetector of other types.
5. the method for a kind of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including following
Step：The laser signal that first laser device is sent out enters the first coupler through the first isolator, and the first coupler is by laser signal
It is divided into two beam signals, the first beam signal enters the second coupler as local oscillation signal, and the second beam signal enters through Polarization Controller
Acousto-optic modulator, acousto-optic modulator is by the second beam signal modulation into pulse signal, and the frequency of pulse signal generates certain frequency
Move, pulse signal is amplified into circulator 1# ports by the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, from circulator 2# ports export into
Enter sensor fibre, in sensor fibre, the light of tape pulse signal generates back rayleigh scattering signal, and back rayleigh scattering signal leads to
It crosses circulator 2# ports and enters circulator, the back rayleigh scattering signal and the first beam laser signal exported from circulator 3# ports
It is coupled on the second coupler, the signal exported from the second coupler, which enters after photodetector, is converted into electric signal, electric signal
Lock-in amplifier, lock-in amplifier output two paths of signals are input to, first via signal is connected to laser controller, laser controller
Output signal driving second laser, from second laser export laser signal enter the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, warp
The signal of second erbium-doped fiber amplifier amplification enters sensor fibre by the second isolator, in sensor fibre, under test gas
The signal exported from the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier is absorbed, the optical signal of phase-modulation is generated, is input to from circulator 2# ports
The light detection of tape pulse signal in sensor fibre to the light of phase-modulation phase information, by back rayleigh scattering signal with
Local oscillation signal couples on the second coupler, and the another way signal entering signal capture card exported from lock-in amplifier, signal is adopted
The output terminal of truck is connected to signal processing and display unit, obtains upper dense with the relevant gas of phase-modulation along sensor fibre
Information is spent, the pulse electrical signal that the impulse sender being equipped with generates is connected to the electric signal input end driving acousto-optic of acousto-optic modulator
Modulator works, and the synchronizing signal of impulse sender output is connected to the synchronous signal input end of data acquisition card to keep signal
Capture card and acousto-optic modulator are in synchronous regime.
A kind of 6. method of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection according to claim 5, which is characterized in that second laser
The signal that device is sent out interacts as pump light in sensor fibre with gas, and gas generates periodically after absorbing pump light
Modulating characteristic, the detectable signal and the gas of periodic modulation that first laser device is sent out interact so that the phase of detectable signal
Position generates variation, and direct impulse signal generates back rayleigh scattering signal in sensor fibre, is dissipated by the Rayleigh for detecting reflection
Signal phase information is penetrated, obtains the concentration of upper gas along sensor fibre.
A kind of 7. method of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection according to claim 5, which is characterized in that acousto-optic modulation
Device frequency displacement is 50-150MHz.
A kind of 8. method of continuously distributed formula fiber-optic fiber gas detection according to claim 5, which is characterized in that pulse generation
The pulse electrical signal driving acousto-optic modulator that device generates, the frequency of impulse generator output signal is 0-330MHz；Display data
When need the relationship of calibration concentration and phase size in advance.
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