CN207515951U - Distributed Hydraulic Sensor System Based on Brillouin Dynamic Grating - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a distributed hydraulic sensor system based on the Brillouin dynamic grating, which comprises: a hydraulic pipeline to be tested; a sensing optical fiber on the inner wall of the pipeline; a distributed hydraulic sensor for detecting the bifold RF shift of the sensing optical fiber; The distributed hydraulic sensor and the upper computer are located outside the pipeline respectively; the hydraulic sensor includes: the optical path element that generates the Brillouin dynamic grating in the sensing fiber and the optical path element used to read the Brillouin dynamic grating; and the photoelectric detector , the data acquisition system that collects the electrical signal of the photoelectric detector; the hydraulic pressure sensor transmits the collected data to the host computer through the data acquisition system, and the host computer obtains the pressure in the pipeline where the sensing optical fiber is located according to the corresponding relationship between the double-fold frequency shift and the hydraulic pressure. hydraulic. The above-mentioned hydraulic pressure sensor can be used to accurately measure hydraulic pressure in oil and gas pipelines, and can also realize distributed measurement with high spatial resolution less than 1m, and can be applied to large oil tanks, hydraulic pressure measurement of oil and gas pipelines, and other occasions.

Description

Distributed Hydraulic Sensor System Based on Brillouin Dynamic Grating

technical field

The utility model relates to a distributed Brillouin dynamic grating sensing technology, in particular to a distributed hydraulic sensor system based on the Brillouin dynamic grating.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of the petroleum industry, the demand for oil and gas resources has been growing rapidly for a long time. At the same time, due to the uneven spatial distribution of my country's oil and gas resources and the increasing volume of imported crude oil, the construction of my country's oil and gas pipeline projects has developed rapidly, and the number of oil and gas pipelines has continued to increase this year. Therefore, the safety monitoring of oil and gas pipelines has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life.

The hydraulic pressure of oil and gas pipelines is one of the important safety parameters of pipelines. However, the traditional electronic components used for hydraulic monitoring have poor corrosion resistance, and there are dangers of fire and explosion in oil storage applications. At the same time, electrical sensors generally require local instrumentation and are not suitable for deploying arrays in deep water or oil wells. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology can make up for the shortcomings of the above-mentioned electro-hydraulic sensors. It has high sensitivity, no electromagnetic interference, small structure, easy networking, etc., especially can be used in flammable and explosive, high temperature, strong electromagnetic interference, Strong chemical corrosion and other harsh environments, so in the petroleum industry (especially oil and gas pipelines), its development prospects are very huge.

Among them, the main function of distributed sensing based on Brillouin scattering is to use the temperature and strain linear sensitivity of Brillouin frequency shift (the optical frequency difference between Brillouin scattered light and Rayleigh scattered light), which can Achieve long-distance, high-precision temperature and strain sensing. However, the traditional Brillouin distributed sensing system is not sensitive to lateral pressure, so it cannot be used in occasions such as hydraulic measurement of oil and gas pipelines. However, other technical means for measuring hydraulic pressure, such as high birefringence gratings, Sagnac rings using high birefringence optical fibers, etc., cannot realize distributed measurement. At the same time, due to the limitation of the phonon lifetime (about 10 ns), the sensors based on the Brillouin scattering effect cannot achieve high spatial resolution measurement below 1 m.

Utility model content

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In order to overcome the problem that the existing sensing technology cannot realize safe long-distance distributed measurement of hydraulic pressure (such as oil pressure measurement of large oil and gas transportation pipelines), the utility model provides a distributed hydraulic sensor system based on Brillouin dynamic grating, The hydraulic pressure sensor can be used to accurately measure hydraulic pressure in oil and gas pipelines, and can also achieve distributed measurement with high spatial resolution less than 1m, and can be applied to large oil tanks, hydraulic pressure measurement of oil and gas pipelines, etc.

(2) Technical solutions

The utility model provides a distributed hydraulic sensor system based on Brillouin dynamic grating, including:

The hydraulic pipeline to be measured; laying the sensing optical fiber inside the pipeline, and the sensing optical fiber is laid close to the inner wall of the pipeline;

Based on the Brillouin dynamic grating principle, the distributed hydraulic sensor is used to detect the bifold frequency shift of the sensing fiber, and the host computer connected to the distributed hydraulic sensor;

The distributed hydraulic sensor and the upper computer are respectively located outside the pipeline;

The hydraulic pressure sensor includes: an optical path element for generating a Brillouin dynamic grating in a sensing optical fiber and an optical path element for reading the Brillouin dynamic grating; and converting an optical signal reflected from the Brillouin dynamic grating into A photodetector for electrical signals, and a data acquisition system for collecting electrical signals from the photodetector;

The hydraulic pressure sensor transmits the collected data to the upper computer through the data acquisition system, and the upper computer obtains the hydraulic pressure in the pipeline where the sensing optical fiber is located according to the corresponding relationship between the bifold frequency shift and the hydraulic pressure.

Optionally, the sensing fiber is a side-hole fiber; the double-fold frequency shift of the side-hole fiber is 40-60GHz;

The two air holes of the side hole fiber and the center of the core doped with silica are on a straight line, and the diameter of each air hole is 30-10um, and the diameter of the core is 8-10um, two The distance between the air hole centers is 40-50um.

Optionally, the distributed hydraulic sensor includes:

A first laser, an optical coupler, a first electro-optic modulator, a second electro-optic modulator, a first isolator, a first erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a first polarization controller, and a sensing fiber;

A third electro-optic modulator, a second isolator, a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a second polarization controller, and a polarization beam splitter;

A second laser, an acousto-optic modulator, a third erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a third polarization controller, and an optical circulator;

Wherein, the input end of the optical coupler is connected to the output end of the first laser; the first pumping optical signal output by the optical coupler is modulated into the first pulsed optical signal by the first electro-optic modulator and the second electro-optic modulator , enter the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier through the first isolator, and the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier amplifies the power of the first pulsed optical signal to the power that can excite the Brillouin dynamic grating; the amplified first The first pulsed optical signal passes through the first polarization controller, so that the polarization state of the amplified first pulsed optical signal is parallel to the fast axis of the sensing fiber;

The second pump optical signal output by the optical coupler is modulated into a second pulse optical signal by the third electro-optic modulator, and enters the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier through the second isolator, and the second erbium-doped fiber The amplifier amplifies the power of the second pulsed optical signal to the power that can excite the Brillouin dynamic grating; the amplified first pulsed optical signal passes through the second polarization controller, so that the amplified first pulsed optical signal The polarization state of is parallel to the fast axis of the sensing fiber;

The input end of the sensing fiber is connected to the first polarization controller, the output end of the sensing fiber and the output end of the second polarization controller are respectively connected to the input end of the polarization beam splitter, and the polarization The first pulse light signal and the second pulse light signal of the beam splitter generate a Brillouin dynamic grating with adjustable position and width in the sensing fiber;

The input end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected to the output of the second laser, and the modulated pulse probe light is output to the third polarization controller through the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier, wherein the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier converts the pulse probe light The power is amplified to a power capable of reading the Brillouin dynamic grating, and the third polarization controller adjusts the polarization state of the amplified pulsed detection light to a position parallel to the slow axis of the sensing fiber;

The pulsed detection light passing through the third polarization controller enters the sensing fiber through the optical circulator and the polarization beam splitter, and enters the photodetector after being reflected by the Brillouin dynamic grating,

The data acquisition system collects the electrical signal of the photodetector and transmits it to the host computer.

Optionally, the distributed hydraulic sensor also includes a microwave signal generator and a pulse signal generator;

The microwave signal 11GHz generated by the microwave signal generator drives the second electro-optic modulator;

The pulse signals generated by the pulse signal generator respectively drive the first electro-optic modulator, the third electro-optic modulator and the acousto-optic modulator;

Wherein, the time point of the rising edge of the pulse signal generated by the pulse signal generator for driving the acousto-optic modulator is different from the time point of the rising edge of the pulse signal generated by the pulse signal generator for driving the first electro-optic modulator The time difference between them is less than the lifetime of the phonon.

Optionally, the distributed hydraulic sensor also includes a pulse signal generator;

The pulse signals generated by the pulse signal generator respectively drive the first electro-optic modulator, the third electro-optic modulator and the acousto-optic modulator.

Optionally, the laser frequency generated by the second laser for detection is lower than the laser frequency generated by the first laser for generating Brillouin dynamic gratings by a birefringent frequency shift of 40-60 GHz.

Optionally, the hydraulic pipeline to be tested is an oil and gas pipeline.

Optionally, the pulse width of the two pump pulse lights corresponding to the first laser is 2 ns˜100 ns.

Optionally, the pulse width of the pulsed detection light is 2 ns˜100 ns.

Optionally, the pulsed probe light lags the pump pulse light by 1 ns˜10 ns in time.

(3) Beneficial effects

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the distributed hydraulic sensor system can be safely applied to oil and gas oil wells and other occasions to measure hydraulic pressure changes caused by oil and gas leakage or blockage in pipelines. Measurement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the distributed hydraulic sensor system based on Brillouin dynamic grating of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a side-hole optical fiber;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of pumping pulsed light and detecting pulsed light signals.

[Description of Reference Signs]

First laser 1, optical coupler 2, first electro-optic modulator 3, second electro-optic modulator 4, microwave signal generator 5, first isolator 6, first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 7, first polarization controller 8 , sensing optical fiber 9;

A third electro-optic modulator 10, a second isolator 11, a second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12, a second polarization controller 13, a polarization beam splitter 14, a second laser 15, an acousto-optic modulator 16, and a pulse signal generator 17 , a third erbium-doped fiber amplifier 18, a third polarization controller 19, an optical circulator 20, a photodetector 21, and a data acquisition system 22.

Detailed ways

In order to better explain the utility model and facilitate understanding, the utility model will be described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment one

The distributed hydraulic sensor system of this embodiment uses high-birefringence optical fiber as a sensing element, which is applied in a distributed hydraulic measurement environment (especially oil and gas pipelines), and can accurately measure distributed hydraulic pressure with high spatial resolution.

Specifically, the distributed hydraulic sensor system includes: a hydraulic pipeline to be measured; laying a sensing optical fiber inside the pipeline, and the sensing optical fiber is laid close to the inner wall of the pipeline;

Based on the principle of Brillouin dynamic grating (such as the distributed hydraulic sensor system based on Brillouin dynamic grating in this embodiment), the distributed hydraulic sensor that detects the birefringence frequency shift of the sensing fiber is connected to the host computer of the distributed hydraulic sensor ;

The distributed hydraulic sensor and the upper computer are respectively located outside the pipeline;

The hydraulic pressure sensor includes: an optical path element for generating a Brillouin dynamic grating in a sensing optical fiber and an optical path element for reading the Brillouin dynamic grating; and converting an optical signal reflected from the Brillouin dynamic grating into A photodetector for electrical signals, and a data acquisition system for collecting electrical signals from the photodetector;

The hydraulic pressure sensor transmits the collected data to the upper computer through the data acquisition system, and the upper computer obtains the hydraulic pressure of the pipeline where the sensing optical fiber is located according to the corresponding relationship between the bifold frequency shift and the hydraulic pressure.

The above-mentioned distributed hydraulic sensing system includes two optical paths in orthogonal polarization directions, which are respectively used for generating and reading Brillouin dynamic gratings. details as follows:

One of them is in the x direction, which is used to generate Brillouin dynamic gratings. The laser light emitted by the first laser 1 is divided into two paths through an optical coupler to provide pumping light: the continuous pumping light signal of the first path is first modulated into a pulsed light signal, and its frequency has a distribution relative to the optical signal of the other path. A frequency shift of the magnitude of the Brillouin frequency shift to produce the stimulated Brillouin effect.

Afterwards, the first high-power erbium-doped fiber amplifier 7 is used to amplify the optical signal, and the first polarization controller 8 is used to adjust the polarization state of the optical signal to the fast axis of the sensing fiber 9 .

The second pumping optical signal is also modulated into an optical pulse signal, and then the optical signal is amplified by the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12, and then the polarization state of the optical signal is adjusted to the fast axis of the optical fiber by the second polarization controller 13. Finally, the two paths of pump light interact with each other through the polarization beam splitter 14 to generate a Brillouin dynamic grating in the sensing fiber 9 .

In the process of pulse generation, by controlling the time delay of the two pulsed pump lights, Brillouin dynamic gratings can be generated anywhere in the fiber, and the length of Brillouin dynamic gratings can be controlled by controlling the width of the light pulses.

The other way is the y direction, which is used to read the Brillouin dynamic grating. The laser frequency generated by the second laser 15 is about one birefringent frequency shift (usually about 40-60 GHz) lower than that of the pump laser, and then the continuous light is modulated into pulsed light by the acousto-optic modulator 16 .

In an optional implementation, the aforementioned two electro-optic modulators (such as the first electro-optic modulator 3 and the third electro-optic modulator 10) are all driven by a pulse signal generator to ensure that the interval between two pulse fronts is less than phonon life, so that the probing light and the refraction grating have an effective effect. At this time, the pulsed light first enters the polarization controller 19 after passing through the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier 18, and then enters the sensing fiber 9 through the optical circulator 20 and the polarization beam splitter 14 to read out the Brillouin dynamic grating.

Finally, the optical signal reflected by the detection light through the Brillouin dynamic grating is converted into an electrical signal by the photodetector 21, and then the data is collected by the data acquisition system 22 to a host computer (not shown in the figure) for further processing, The corresponding hydraulic pressure sensor information can be obtained.

The pulse signal generator 17 in this embodiment can be dual-channel, generating two pulse signals, and can ensure that the leading edge interval of two pulses is less than the phonon lifetime.

The sensing fiber used in this embodiment may be a side hole fiber, the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 2 . The birefringent frequency shift of the side hole fiber is 40-60GHz; the centers of the two air holes and the silica-doped core of the side hole fiber are on a straight line, and the diameter of each air hole is 30-60GHz. 10um, the diameter of the fiber core is 8-10um, and the distance between the centers of the two air holes is 40-50um. In practical applications, the cladding diameter of side hole fiber can be 125um+-5um.

The introduction of two symmetrical large air side holes (ie, air holes) on the left and right sides of the fiber core makes the side hole fiber have a high birefringence. When measuring, lay the side hole optical fiber inside the oil and gas pipeline, and stick to the inner wall of the pipeline. When the hydraulic pressure in the pipeline changes (such as oil and gas leakage, blockage, etc.), the birefringence of the side-hole optical fiber will also change linearly. By injecting probe lights of different frequencies, the light intensity reflected back by the Brillouin dynamic grating at different frequency positions can be obtained, thereby obtaining the Brillouin reflection spectrum at this point, and obtaining the birefringence frequency shift. By controlling the position of the Brillouin dynamic grating by controlling the time delay between pump pulses, the birefringence frequency shift on the entire fiber can be obtained, and then the birefringence frequency shift at each point along the fiber corresponds to the hydraulic pressure, then Distributed hydraulic measurement can be realized, and distributed measurement with a spatial resolution of less than 1m can be realized while the hydraulic pressure is accurately measured.

In this embodiment, the delay between two pulse signals can be set directly on the pulse signal generator, so as to control the delay between pump pulses and further control the position of the Brillouin dynamic grating.

Embodiment two

Referring to the structural diagram of the distributed hydraulic sensing system shown in FIG. 1 , the distributed hydraulic sensing system of this embodiment includes: a Brillouin dynamic grating generating part and a reading part.

Brillouin dynamic grating generation part: the laser light emitted by the first laser 1 is divided into two paths through the optical coupler 2 to generate two paths of pumping light respectively. The first pump light output by the optical coupler 2 is first modulated by the first electro-optic modulator 3 into the first pulsed light signal, and then generated by the microwave signal generator 5 and the second electro-optic modulator 4 with the Brillouin frequency shift Frequency shift of the same magnitude to excite the stimulated Brillouin effect, the second electro-optic modulator 4 is driven by a microwave signal (about 11 GHz) generated by a microwave signal generator 5 .

Afterwards, it enters the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier 7 through the first optical isolator 6, and the signal power of the first road pulsed optical signal is amplified to enough power to excite the Brillouin dynamic grating (that is, amplified to be able to excite the Brillouin dynamic The power of the grating), the first pulse light signal after the amplified power is adjusted to the polarization state of the pulse light of the road through the first polarization controller 8 to be compatible with the sensing fiber 9 (the cross-sectional structure of the sensing fiber is shown in Figure 2) A position parallel to the fast axis (wherein, the sensing fiber adopts a high birefringence side-hole fiber with a birefringence frequency shift of about 40-60 GHz).

The second pump light signal output by the above-mentioned optical coupler 2 is modulated into pulsed light through the third electro-optic modulator 10, that is, the second pulse light signal, and the third electro-optic modulator is driven by a pulse signal generator 17 . Afterwards, after the second pulsed optical signal passes through the second isolator 11 and the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12, its polarization state is adjusted to a position parallel to the fast axis of the sensing fiber 9 by the second polarization controller 13 .

The above-mentioned second erbium-doped fiber amplifier 12 is used to amplify the power of the second pulsed optical signal to the power capable of exciting the Brillouin dynamic grating.

The input end of the sensing fiber 9 is connected to the first polarization controller 8, and the output end of the sensing fiber 9 and the output end of the second polarization controller 13 are respectively connected to the input end of the polarization beam splitter 14 , the first pulsed light signal and the second pulsed light signal through the polarization beam splitter 14 generate a Brillouin dynamic grating with adjustable position and width in the sensing fiber 9 .

Reading part: the frequency of the probe light generated by the second laser 15 is lower than that of the first laser 1 by a birefringent frequency shift (about 40-60 GHz), and is modulated into pulsed light by the acousto-optic modulator 16 . The acousto-optic modulator 16 is also driven by the pulse signal generator 17, and it is particularly noted that its rising edge lags behind the pulse signal used to modulate the pump light by a time shorter than the lifetime of the phonon, as shown in FIG. 3 . Afterwards, the optical signal is amplified by the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier 18 to a power sufficient to read the dynamic grating, and the polarization state is adjusted to a position parallel to the slow axis of the sensing fiber 9 by the third polarization controller 19 . When the optical signal enters the sensing fiber 9 through the optical circulator 20 and the polarization beam splitter 14, it will be reflected by the Brillouin dynamic grating (the reflected optical signal is lower by one Brillouin frequency shift than the detection light), and enters the photodetector 21, and finally the data acquisition system 22 collects the data to the host computer for processing.

That is to say, the reading part can be understood as: the input end of the acousto-optic modulator 16 is connected to the output of the second laser 15, and the pulsed probe light after output modulation is input to the third polarization controller through the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier 18 19, wherein the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier 18 amplifies the power of the pulsed probe light to a power capable of reading the Brillouin dynamic grating, and the third polarization controller 19 adjusts the polarization state of the amplified pulsed probe light to a position parallel to the slow axis of the sensing fiber 9;

The pulsed detection light passing through the third polarization controller 19 enters the sensing fiber 9 through the optical circulator 20 and the polarization beam splitter 14, and enters the photodetector 21 after being reflected by the Brillouin dynamic grating, and the data acquisition system 22 collects the electrical signal of the photodetector 21 and transmits it to the host computer.

In the above-mentioned distributed hydraulic sensor system, the detection light and the pump light are respectively parallel to the two main axes of the sensing optical fiber (ie, the above-mentioned fast axis and slow axis), so that the oil and gas pipeline hydraulic pressure can be safely measured. The pump light corresponding to the first laser is respectively injected at both ends of the sensing fiber to generate a Brillouin dynamic grating, and probe light is injected into one end to read the Brillouin grating. The probe light here refers to the optical signal that the second laser 15 sends, through the acousto-optic modulator 16, the third erbium-doped fiber amplifier 18, the third polarization controller 19, the optical circulator 20, and then enters the sensing fiber 8 This optical signal.

Among them, the polarization state of two beams of pulsed pump light is parallel to one main axis of the side-hole fiber; at the same time, the pulsed probe light is injected, and the polarization state is parallel to the other main axis of the side-hole fiber to read the Brillouin dynamic grating.

In this embodiment, the edge-hole optical fiber is used as a sensing optical fiber, which is a kind of polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Due to the high birefringence of the polarization maintaining fiber, the refractive index is different on different main axes, which leads to different propagation speeds when light propagates along different main axes. The main axis with fast propagation speed is called the fast axis, and the main axis with slow propagation speed called the slow axis.

The position of the Brillouin dynamic grating is adjusted by the time delay difference between the two pump lights, and the length is adjusted by the pulse width of the two pump lights. By measuring the reflection spectrum of the Brillouin dynamic grating, and then corresponding the hydraulic pressure with the frequency shift of the reflection spectrum, it can be Enables distributed hydraulic measurement across the entire sensing fiber. When the pump pulse width is less than 1m, the spatial resolution can break through the phonon lifetime limit and be less than 1m.

In this embodiment, the position of the Brillouin grating is determined by the emission time difference between the two pump lights. By adjusting this time difference, the Brillouin grating can be moved at any position on the entire optical fiber.

Usually, the length of the sensing optical fiber should be the same as the length of the hydraulic pipeline to be measured. In Figure 2, a is the core radius, 2a is the core diameter of solid doped silica, usually 8-10 μm in diameter; r is the radius of the air hole, 2r is the diameter of the air hole, not the distance between the hole and the inner wall of the pipe The distance; R is the radius of the cladding, 2R is the diameter of the cladding; there is no certain proportional relationship between 2r and 2R.

The Brillouin frequency shift of different kinds of sensing fibers is slightly different, usually around 11 GHz. That is, "the signal frequency of the reflected light is about 11 GHz lower than the frequency of the detected light", which is the same as the Brillouin frequency shift.

The reflected light signal in this embodiment refers to the signal reflected back after the detection light interacts with the Brillouin dynamic grating.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, rather than limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art It should be understood that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the various implementations of the present utility model. The scope of technical solutions.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of distributed hydrostatic sensor system based on Brillouin's dynamic raster, which is characterized in that including：

The pipeline of hydraulic pressure to be measured；The sensor fibre being laid with inside pipeline, the sensor fibre are close to the inner wall of the pipe and are laid with；

The distributed hydrostatic sensor of birefringence frequency displacement based on Brillouin's dynamic raster principle detection sensor fibre, connection distribution The host computer of formula hydrostatic sensor；

The distribution hydrostatic sensor, host computer are located on the outside of pipeline respectively；

The hydrostatic sensor includes：For generating the light path element of Brillouin's dynamic raster in sensor fibre and for reading The light path element of Brillouin's dynamic raster；And the optical signal reflected from Brillouin's dynamic raster is converted to the photoelectricity of electric signal Detector acquires the data collecting system of the electric signal of photodetector；

The data of acquisition are transmitted in host computer by the hydrostatic sensor by data collecting system, and the host computer is according to double The correspondence of frequency displacement and hydraulic pressure is reflected, the hydraulic pressure where obtaining sensor fibre in pipeline.

2. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sensor fibre is lateral opening light It is fine；The birefringence frequency displacement of the side-hole fiber is 40-60GHz；

The center of circle of two airports of the side-hole fiber and the fibre core of doping silicon dioxide point-blank, and each air Bore dia is 30-10um, a diameter of 8-10um of the fibre core, and the distance between two airport centers are 40-50um.

3. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the distribution hydrostatic sensor Including：

First laser device (1), photo-coupler (2), the first electrooptic modulator (3), the second electrooptic modulator (4), the first isolator (6), the first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (7), the first Polarization Controller (8), sensor fibre (9)；

Third electrooptic modulator (10), the second isolator (11), the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier (12), the second Polarization Controller (13), polarization beam apparatus (14)；

Second laser (15), acousto-optic modulator (16), third erbium-doped fiber amplifier (18), third Polarization Controller (19), Optical circulator (20)；

Wherein, the output terminal of the input terminal connection first laser device (1) of photo-coupler (2)；The of the photo-coupler (2) output Pump light signals are modulated into first via pulsed optical signals via the first electrooptic modulator (3) and the second electrooptic modulator (4) all the way, The first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (7) is entered by the first isolator (6), and first erbium-doped fiber amplifier (7) is by first The power amplification of road pulsed optical signals is to the power that can excite Brillouin's dynamic raster；First via pulsed light after amplifying power Signal passes through the first Polarization Controller (8) so that the polarization state and sensor fibre of the first via pulsed optical signals after amplifying power The parallel position of fast axle；

Second tunnel pump light signals of photo-coupler (2) output are modulated into the second road arteries and veins via third electrooptic modulator (10) Pulsed light signal enters the second erbium-doped fiber amplifier (12), second Erbium-doped fiber amplifier by the second isolator (11) Device (12) is by the power amplification of the second road pulsed optical signals to the power that can excite Brillouin's dynamic raster；After amplifying power First via pulsed optical signals pass through the second Polarization Controller (13) so that the polarization of the first via pulsed optical signals after amplifying power The state position parallel with the fast axle of sensor fibre；

The input terminal of the sensor fibre (9) connects first Polarization Controller (8), the output terminal of the sensor fibre (9) The input terminal of polarization beam apparatus (14) is connected respectively with the output terminal of second Polarization Controller (13), via the polarization point The first via pulsed optical signals of beam device (14) and the second road pulsed optical signals generation position and width in sensor fibre (9) are adjustable Brillouin's dynamic raster；

The output of the input terminal connection second laser (15) of acousto-optic modulator (16), and export modulated pulse detection light warp Third Polarization Controller (19) is input to by third erbium-doped fiber amplifier (18), wherein, third erbium-doped fiber amplifier (18) By the power amplification of pulse detection light to the power that can read Brillouin's dynamic raster, the third Polarization Controller (19) will The polarization state of pulse detection light after power amplification is adjusted to the position parallel with the slow axis of sensor fibre (9)；

Pass through the optical circulator (20), polarization beam apparatus (14) via the pulse detection light of the third Polarization Controller (19) Into after sensor fibre (9), after being reflected by Brillouin's dynamic raster, into photodetector (21),

The electric signal of data collecting system (22) the acquisition photodetector (21), and it is transmitted to host computer.

4. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The distribution hydrostatic sensor further includes, microwave signal generator (5) and pulse signal generator (17)；

The microwave signal 11GHz that the microwave signal generator (5) generates drives the second electrooptic modulator (4)；

The pulse signal that pulse signal generator (17) generates respectively drives the first electrooptic modulator (3), third electrooptic modulator (10) and acousto-optic modulator (16)；

Wherein, the rising edge for being used to drive the pulse signal of acousto-optic modulator (16) that the pulse signal generator (17) generates Time point and pulse signal generator (17) generate for driving the rising edge of the pulse signal of the first electrooptic modulator (3) Time point between time difference be less than phonon service life.

5. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The distribution hydrostatic sensor further includes, pulse signal generator (17)；

The pulse signal that pulse signal generator (17) generates respectively drives the first electrooptic modulator (3), third electrooptic modulator (10) and acousto-optic modulator (16).

6. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The laser frequency for detection that the second laser (15) generates generates cloth than being used for of generating of first laser device (1) In deep dynamic raster the low birefringence frequency displacement 40-60GHz of laser frequency.

7. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The pipeline of hydraulic pressure to be measured is oil-gas pipeline.

8. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that corresponding with first laser device (1) The pulsewidth of two pumping pulse light is 2ns~100ns.

9. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the pulsewidth of the pulse detection light For 2ns~100ns.

10. distribution hydrostatic sensor system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that pulse detection light is in time Lag the pumping pulse light 1ns~10ns.