CN105509868B - Phase sensitive optical time domain reflection distributed fiber-optic sensor system phase calculation method - Google Patents
Phase sensitive optical time domain reflection distributed fiber-optic sensor system phase calculation method Download PDFInfo
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of phase sensitive optical time domain reflection distributed fiber-optic sensor system phase calculation methods, the following steps are included: the position X and Z that acquire the corresponding beat frequency digital signal of multiple light pulse, obtain back-scattering light phasing matrix Ф, determine extraneous vibration disturbance location Y, choosing before and after extraneous vibrational perturbation position Y no phase perturbation respectively, to it in back-scattering light phasing matrix Ф respective column phase ФXAnd ФZPhase unwrapping is carried out around phase change is extended to-∞ ~+∞ range；The phase curve of position Z after vibration is subtracted to the phase curve of the front position X of vibration, then divided by 2, obtains the phase change value that extraneous vibration is introduced at Y.Calculation method of the invention can accurately obtain the phase change value that extraneous vibration event introduces light pulse in Ф-OTDR distributed fiber-optic sensor system, moreover, this method is based on conventional Ф-OTDR distributed fiber-optic sensor system, without complicated algorithm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system phase calculation method, especially a kind of phase sensitive light
Time-domain reflection optical fiber distributed vibration sensing system phase calculation method, the invention belongs to optical fiber sensing technology application fields.
Background technique
Phase sensitive optical time domain reflection (Phase-sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry,
Be abbreviated as Ф-OTDR or Phase-sensitive OTDR) distributed fiber-optic sensor system be used for extraneous vibrational perturbation event
It is monitored, the accurate positioning to extraneous vibrational perturbation event location may be implemented, there is the measurement of the distribution of line shape formula, long-range survey
Amount, the advantages that highly sensitive, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, good insulating, essential safety, small lightweight, are widely used
It is general.In petrochemical industry, oil transportation, the tamper-proof excavation event monitoring of feed channel is may be implemented in Ф-OTDR, can be also used for oil gas
Ultrasonic Well Logging in exploitation；In field of track traffic, rail vibration status monitoring is may be implemented in Ф-OTDR；It is commanded in power train
The safety monitoring of cable tunnel, the monitoring of high-tension cable anti-theft etc. may be implemented in domain, Ф-OTDR；In safety-security area, Ф-OTDR
It can be used as distributed optical fiber fence, alarm be monitored to various intrusion events.
In the application of actual measurement extraneous vibration, Ф-OTDR emits light pulse into sensor fibre, by optical fiber backwards to scattered
The positioning that light reaches the time progress external disturbance event location of detecting terminal is penetrated, meanwhile, need the multiple light pulses of repeat its transmission
The change information of disturbance location phase is obtained, currently, Shanghai ray machine institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhengqing Pan etc. proposes orthorhombic phase
Position demodulation method (Zhengqing Pan, Kezhen Liang, Qing Ye, Haiwen Cai, Ronghui Qu, and
Zujie Fang, Phase-sensitive OTDR system based on digital coherent detection,
Proc. Of SPIE, 2011,8311,83110S), carried out for the phase to the collected beat signal of Ф-OTDR system
Demodulation, can obtain the phase information of case point back rayleigh scattering signal；In addition, Nanjing University Guojie Tu etc. is also proposed
Phase unwrapping around algorithm (Guojie Tu, Xuping Zhang, Yixin are handled to phase demodulating data
Zhang, Fan Zhu, Lan Xia, Nakarmi, B., Development of an Ф-OTDR System for
Quantitative Vibration Measurement, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2015,
27 (12): 1349-1352), realize the expansion of case point back rayleigh scattering signal phase.However, utilizing one-dimensional scattering mould
Type is to Ф-OTDR network analysis it is recognised that optical pulse propagation is by the way that during external disturbance region, each position is backwards
Rayleigh scattering light phase be in light pulse all Rayleigh scattering unit coherent superpositions as a result, being therefore a cumulative process is adopted
With the phase change value of vibration area point be unable to accurate description external world actual vibration caused by fiber phase change procedure.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of phase sensitive optical time domain reflection optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system phases
Calculation method, to solve the problems, such as that accurately obtaining practical extraneous vibration introduces phase change value.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of phase sensitive optical time domain reflection optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system phase calculation method,
The phase sensitive optical time domain reflection optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system, including 1,1 ' 2 light of narrow linewidth laser
Fine coupler 2, acousto-optic modulator 3, erbium-doped fiber amplifier 4, optical fiber circulator 5,6,2 ' 2 fiber coupler 7 of sensor fibre are put down
Weigh optical detector 8, data collecting card 9, computer 10；
Narrow linewidth laser 1 is divided into two-way by 1 ' 2 fiber coupler 2, wherein optical signal passes through acousto-optic modulator 3 all the way
It is modulated to the light pulse of shift frequency, is input to using after the progress optical power amplification of erbium-doped fiber amplifier 4 by optical fiber circulator 5
It is transmitted in sensor fibre 6, the back-scattering light that excitation is transmitted in light pulse in sensor fibre 6 is carried out along sensor fibre 6 backwards to biography
Defeated arrival optical fiber circulator 5；The back-scattering light point that the another way optical signal and optical fiber circulator 5 of 1 ' 2 fiber coupler 2 return
It is not injected into 2 ' 2 fiber couplers 7 by two ports and transmits and be concerned with, two output ports of 2 ' 2 fiber couplers 7 and flat
The optical detector 8 that weighs connects, and carries out photoelectric conversion and obtains back-scattering light beat frequency electric signal, collects number through data collecting card 9
Word beat signal exports to computer 10 the amplitude and phase information for calculating beat signal；
The following steps are included:
Step 1: the data collecting card 9 acquires 1 time with the corresponding beat frequency digital signal of last time light pulse, is based on optical time domain
Principle of reflection constructs beat frequency digital signal two-dimensional matrix R=[R I, j ]MxN, wherein R I, j Indicate the capture card 9 collectedi
Secondary light pulse is corresponding in sensor fibrejBack-scattering light beat frequency digital signal value on position；
Step 2: using digital quadrature demodulation signal processing method, carried on the back by the beat frequency digital signal two-dimensional matrix R
To scattering light phase matrix Ф；
Step 3: determining extraneous vibration disturbance location Y: two column Ф of k column will be separated by back-scattering light phasing matrix Фm,j
And Фn,jSubtract each other, wherein k desirable 1 ~ 500 obtains the phase difference two-dimensional matrix S that beat signal is separated by k sampled point, wherein
Sm,j=Фm,j-Фn,j, using sensor fibre position as abscissa parameter, each row curve of matrix S is drawn, finds out extraneous vibration introducing
Phase perturbation position Y；
Step 4: choosing the position X without phase perturbation respectively before and after the extraneous vibration disturbance location Y
And Z, to X and Z in the back-scattering light phasing matrix Ф respective column phase ФXAnd ФZPhase unwrapping is carried out around by phase
Variation is extended to-∞ ~+∞ range；
Step 5: the phase curve of position Z after vibration being subtracted to the phase curve of the front position X of vibration, then divided by 2, is obtained
The phase change value introduced at Y to extraneous vibration.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention can accurately obtain in Ф-OTDR distributed fiber-optic sensor system extraneous vibration event to light pulse
The phase change value of introducing；
(2) the present invention is based on conventional Ф-OTDR distributed fiber-optic sensor systems, without complicated algorithm.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is phase sensitive optical time domain reflection optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system structural schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the vibration location information figure obtained in the present invention by phase quadrature demodulation；
Fig. 4 is vibration position front and back phase change curve graph in the present invention；
Wherein:
1- narrow linewidth laser, 2 fiber coupler of 2- 1 ', 3- acousto-optic modulator, 4- erbium-doped fiber amplifier, 5- light
Fine circulator, 6- sensor fibre, 2 fiber coupler of 7-2 ', 8- balance optical detector, 9- data collecting card, 10- computer,
11- piezoelectric ceramics.
Specific embodiment
To be more clear the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, phase sensitive optical time domain reflection optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system, including narrow linewidth laser 1,1 '
2 fiber couplers 2, acousto-optic modulator 3, erbium-doped fiber amplifier 4, optical fiber circulator 5,6,2 ' 2 fiber coupler of sensor fibre
7, balance optical detector 8, data collecting card 9, computer 10.
System components device description is as follows:
Narrow linewidth laser 1, for generating long coherence length laser；
1 ' 2 fiber coupler 2, for laser to be divided into two-way, all the way for sensing optical path, another way is used for reference light
Road, sensing optical path optical power are much larger than reference path, and coupling splitting ratio can choose as 90:10；
Acousto-optic modulator 3, for being pulse laser by Laser Modulation, meanwhile, allow laser pulse to obtain the shifting of fixed frequency
Frequently；
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier 4, for amplifying laser pulse, to be lifted at the back-scattering light excited in sensor fibre
By force；
Optical fiber circulator 5 is a three fiber port circulators；
Sensor fibre 6 is standard traffic single-mode quartz optical fibers；
2 ' 2 fiber couplers 7, the multiplex for sensor fibre back-scattering light and local reference light are interfered, coupling light splitting
Than for 50:50；
Optical detector 8 is balanced, for detecting light coherent signal, realizes photoelectric conversion, output is with the shifting of acousto-optic modulator 3
Frequent rate is the electric signal of beat frequency；
Data collecting card 9 exports the acquisition of electric signal for balancing optical detector 8, and beat signal is converted to numerical value and is clapped
Frequency signal；
Computer 10, for handling data collecting card transducing signal collected.
Narrow linewidth laser 1 is divided into two-way by 1 ' 2 fiber coupler 2, wherein optical signal passes through acousto-optic modulator 3 all the way
It is modulated to the light pulse of shift frequency, carries out optical power amplification by erbium-doped fiber amplifier 4 later, passes through optical fiber circulator 5 later
It is input in sensor fibre 6 and transmits, light pulse is transmitted in sensor fibre 6 will excite back-scattering light, carry out along sensor fibre 6
Optical fiber circulator 5 is reached backwards to transmission.What the another way optical signal and optical fiber circulator 5 of 1 ' 2 fiber coupler 2 returned dissipates backwards
It penetrates light and is injected separately into two ports to 2 ' 2 fiber couplers 7, two ways of optical signals is transmitted in 2 ' 2 fiber couplers 7 and phase
Dry, two output ports of 2 ' 2 fiber couplers 7 are connect with balance optical detector 8, are carried out photoelectric conversion and are obtained back-scattering light
Beat frequency electric signal, obtained electric signal collect digital beat signal through data collecting card 9, right by computer 10 later
The beat signal carries out phase quadrature demodulation, obtains the amplitude and phase information of beat signal, i.e., the amplitude of back-scattering light and
Phase change information.In order to simulate extraneous vibration event, apply a piezoelectric ceramics 11 on sensor fibre 6, in the present embodiment
In, position of the piezoelectric ceramics 11 apart from optical fiber circulator 5 is 125m, and the vibration frequency of piezoelectric ceramics is 300 Hz.In the system
In practical application, the extraneous vibration event that piezoelectric ceramics 11 is simulated can occur in any position of whole sensor fibre, vibration
The highest frequency of dynamic event is less than the half of light pulse repetition rate produced by acousto-optic modulator 3.
Referring to fig. 2, a kind of phase sensitive optical time domain reflection optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system phase calculation method, including
Following steps:
Step 1: the data collecting card 9 acquires 1 time or more the corresponding beat frequency digital signal of light pulse, it is anti-based on optical time domain
Principle is penetrated, beat frequency digital signal two-dimensional matrix R=[R is constructed I, j ]MxN, wherein R I, j Indicate the capture card 9 collectediIt is secondary
Light pulse is corresponding in sensor fibrejBack-scattering light beat frequency digital signal value on position；In the present embodiment, data are adopted
Truck 9 acquires the corresponding beat frequency digital signal of 200 light pulses, corresponds to each light pulse, includes 2360 back-scattering lights
Signal value；
Step 2: using digital quadrature demodulation signal processing method, carried on the back by the beat frequency digital signal two-dimensional matrix R
To scattering light phase matrix Ф；
Step 3: determining extraneous vibration disturbance location Y: two column Ф of k column will be separated by back-scattering light phasing matrix Фm,j
And Фn,jSubtract each other, wherein k desirable 1 ~ 500, in the present embodiment, k takes 10, obtains the phase that beat signal is separated by k sampled point
Poor two-dimensional matrix S, wherein Sm,j=Фm,j-Фn,j, using sensor fibre position as abscissa parameter, each row curve of matrix S is drawn,
The phase perturbation position Y for finding out extraneous vibration introducing, referring to Fig. 3；
Step 4: choosing the position X without phase perturbation respectively before and after the extraneous vibration disturbance location Y
And Z, referring to Fig. 3, to X and Z in the back-scattering light phasing matrix Ф respective column phase ФXAnd ФZCarry out phase unwrapping
Around phase change is extended to-∞ ~+∞ range；To emit time light pulse repetition period as abscissa parameter, draw respectively
This two column phase versus time curve, referring to fig. 4, it can be seen that relative to the front position X of vibration, position Z after vibration
It has been introduced into the additive phase amount of a reflection extraneous vibration waveform；
Step 5: the phase curve of position Z after vibration being subtracted to the phase curve of the front position X of vibration, then divided by 2, is obtained
The phase change value introduced at Y to extraneous vibration.
The present invention is based on conventional Ф-OTDR hardware systems, and without complicated signal processing algorithm.
Extraneous vibration based on phase demodulating information introduces phase value calculating method principle: when certain section of sensor fibre 6 is by outer
When boundary's vibrational perturbation, due to elasto-optical effect, light phase will be introduced when optical pulse propagation that Ф-OTDR is issued is to the vibration section and will be become
Change, since Pulse in Single Mode transmission speed is about 2 ' 108M/s, in contrast, optical pulse propagation pass through extraneous vibration
In the section time, the light phase variable quantity approximation constant that extraneous vibration introduces, and for different repetition light pulses, it is introduced
Light phase will change with extraneous vibration rule.When a light pulse passes through extraneous vibration section completely, light pulse is introduced into
One light phase variation, the back-scattering light that this optical pulse is excited will be outer again by this along optical fiber reverse transfer
Boundary vibrates section, will be re-introduced into light phase variation, therefore, the back-scattering light of position is drawn after extraneous vibration section
The phase mass entered should introduce for extraneous vibration section twice of light phase total amount, i.e., and 2, in this way, position after extraneous vibration section
The difference half of front position phase is to vibrate the light phase changing value of section introducing to the phase set therewith, we can be accurate as a result,
The phase change value of extraneous vibration introducing is calculated.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of phase sensitive optical time domain reflection distributed fiber-optic sensor system phase calculation method,
The phase sensitive optical time domain reflection optical fiber distribution type vibration sensor-based system, including narrow linewidth laser (1), 1 × 2 optical fiber
Coupler (2), acousto-optic modulator (3), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (4), optical fiber circulator (5), sensor fibre (6), 2 × 2 optical fiber
Coupler (7) balances optical detector (8), data collecting card (9), computer (10)；
Wherein narrow linewidth laser (1), for generating long coherence length laser；
The narrow linewidth laser (1) is divided into two-way by 1 × 2 fiber coupler (2), wherein optical signal passes through acousto-optic tune all the way
Device (3) processed is modulated to the light pulse of shift frequency, passes through fiber annular after carrying out optical power amplification using erbium-doped fiber amplifier (4)
Device (5) is input to transmission in sensor fibre (6), and the back-scattering light of light pulse transmission excitation in sensor fibre (6) is along sensing
Optical fiber (6) carries out reaching optical fiber circulator (5) backwards to transmission；The another way optical signal and optical fiber circulator of 1 × 2 fine coupler 2
(5) back-scattering light returned is injected by two ports respectively and transmits and be concerned in 2 × 2 fiber couplers (7), 2 × 2 optical fiber
Two output ports of coupler (7) are connect with balance optical detector (8), are carried out photoelectric conversion and are obtained back-scattering light beat frequency electricity
Signal, through data collecting card (9) collect digital beat signal export to computer (10) calculate beat signal amplitude and
Phase information；
It is characterized by comprising following steps:
Step 1: the data collecting card (9) acquires 1 time or more the corresponding beat frequency digital signal of light pulse is based on optical time domain reflection
Principle constructs beat frequency digital signal two-dimensional matrix R=[Ri,j]MxN, wherein Ri,jIndicate the capture card (9) collected i-th
The corresponding back-scattering light beat frequency digital signal value on sensor fibre jth position of secondary light pulse；
Step 2: using digital quadrature demodulation signal processing method, obtained by the beat frequency digital signal two-dimensional matrix R backwards to scattered
Penetrate light phase matrix Ф；
Step 3: determining extraneous vibration disturbance location Y: two column Ф of k column will be separated by back-scattering light phasing matrix Фm,jWith
Фn,jSubtract each other, wherein k desirable 1~500 obtains the phase difference two-dimensional matrix S that beat signal is separated by k sampled point, wherein Sm,j
=Фm,j-Фn,j, using sensor fibre position as abscissa parameter, each row curve of matrix S is drawn, finds out the phase of extraneous vibration introducing
Phase perturbation position Y；
Step 4: choose position an X and Z without phase perturbation respectively before and after the extraneous vibration disturbance location Y,
To X and Z in the back-scattering light phasing matrix Ф respective column phase ФXAnd ФZPhase unwrapping is carried out around by phase change
It is extended to-∞~+∞ range；
Step 5: the phase curve of position Z after vibration being subtracted to the phase curve of the front position X of vibration, then divided by 2, obtained outer
Boundary vibrates the phase change value introduced at Y.
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| CN107101658B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-10-11 | 上海大学 | Phase sensitive optical time domain reflection distributed optical fiber sensing system method for rapidly positioning |
| CN107167168B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 上海大学 | Phase sensitive optical time domain reflection distributed optical fiber sensing system accurate positioning method |
| CN108489598A (en) | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-04 | 浙江杰昆科技有限公司 | Phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer phase simulates coherent demodulation system and method |
| CN109752720B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2023-07-04 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | Vibration information positioning method and system based on distributed vibration sensor |
| CN111398901B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2023-01-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Disturbance source multi-dimensional space positioning system and method |
| CN110455399B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2020-06-09 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Method for carrying out global early warning on building structure vibration by using distributed optical fiber |
| CN111238551B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-02-26 | 北京科技大学 | Distributed phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer sensing system and phase extraction method |
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| CN112833929A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Disturbance monitoring system of heterodyne phi-OTDR technology based on local optical frequency shift |
| CN113532808B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-11-24 | 南京法艾博光电科技有限公司 | Multichannel monitoring method and system based on vibration-sensitive optical fiber sensing technology |
| CN113670430B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2022-10-18 | 上海大学 | Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing intelligent disturbance identification method |
| CN115333913B (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-03-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Phase demodulation method and device for phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer |
| CN116015440B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-04-19 | 高勘(广州)技术有限公司 | Optical fiber fault point positioning method and device, optical cable sonar instrument and storage medium |
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