CN105890797A - High-spectral Rayleigh-Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer capable of simultaneously detecting temperature and stress - Google Patents
High-spectral Rayleigh-Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer capable of simultaneously detecting temperature and stress Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 109
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010259 detection of temperature stimulus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940035637 spectrum-4 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
Abstract
The present invention discloses a Rayleigh-Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer capable of simultaneously detecting temperature and stress. According to the reflectometer, based on the periodic structure of an optical fiber F-P interferometer, the cavity length of the optical fiber F-P interferometer is scanned, and at the same time, and an optical fiber Rayleigh backscattering spectrum and an optical fiber Brillouin scattering spectrum are obtained. The reflectometer comprises an optical transmitting unit, a detection target unit, a filtering unit, a spectrum scanning unit, a detector unit and a data acquisition and processing unit which are connected with one another sequentially, wherein the data acquisition and processing unit completes the inversion of temperature and stress. The inversion specifically includes the steps that: an LPR (Landau-Placzek Ratio) method is adopted to carry out inversion operation to obtain the temperature of an optical fiber; and Brillouin frequency shift is adopted to carry out inversion operation to obtain the stress of the optical fiber. Therefore, simultaneous sensing of the temperature and stress can be realized. The Rayleigh-Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer of the invention has the advantages of low cost, long detection distance, high detection precision, high spatial resolution, simple inversion method, small data operation amount and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributing optical fiber sensing field, particularly relate to a kind of temperature and EO-1 hyperion Rayleigh that stress detects simultaneously-
Brillouin light domain reflectometer.
Background technology
Optical fiber sensing technology is to rise with the development of Fibre Optical Communication Technology the end of the seventies in last century, with light wave as carrier,
Optical fiber is medium.Fibre Optical Sensor is widely used in the detections such as temperature, stress, electric field, magnetic field, displacement, has sensitivity
High, electrical insulating property is good, electromagnetism interference, be easily achieved and certainty of measurement advantages of higher, comes into Aero-Space, life
The every field such as thing medical treatment, national defense and military, industry, transportation.Wherein Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques is general except having
Outside Fibre Optical Sensor advantage, also can obtain measured spatial distribution state simultaneously and change over information, particularly suitable
In large scale, distance, high-risk fields such as civil engineering, petrochemical industry, power industries.
In distributing optical fiber sensing, sensing technology based on Brillouin scattering is widely studied.In this technology one must
The problem that must solve is if the temperature simultaneously in detection optical fiber and stress information.This is owing to Brillouin shift is proportional to temperature
Degree and the change of stress, in theory cannot from frequency displacement Extracting temperature and stress information simultaneously.Between in the past twenty years,
Following several method is proposed in order to solve this Study on Problems personnel.
1, the most commonly used method is by measuring Brillouin shift and Power of Brillouin with in Simultaneous Inversion optical fiber simultaneously
Temperature and stress information.But, due to the reason such as bending loss of the disturbance of polarization state and optical fiber, Power of Brillouin is difficult to
Accurately measure, thus cause the detection accuracy of the method low.
2, measure in order to avoid Power of Brillouin, a kind of carry out temperature based on special fiber and method quilt that stress detects simultaneously
Propose.The special fiber used includes large effective area fiber (Large-effective-area fiber), photonic crystal
Optical fiber (photonic crystal fiber) and less fundamental mode optical fibre (few-mode fiber).The Brillouin spectrum of these optical fiber has
Multi-peaks structure, and the mid frequency at each peak has different temperature and stress response.But, there is following lacking in the method
Point, 1) use in the method for large effective area fiber, due to the interference between each wavelength, cause its spatial resolution low,
Certainty of measurement is low, measure apart from the defect such as short；2) method based on photonic crystal fiber overcomes the interference between wavelength,
But, the pulling process of its complexity makes it expensive, adds cost.
3, complete to detect while temperature and stress by combining distributed Raman sensor, wherein distributed Raman sensor
For the detection of temperature, distributed Brillouin sensing device is used for stress detection.The defect of the method is two class sensors
Become increasingly complex in conjunction with making system.
4, by arranging two optical fiber simultaneously, wherein an optical fiber is acted on by temperature and stress simultaneously, an other light
Fibre makes it not affected by stress by isolation, thus reaches Simultaneous Inversion temperature and strain information.But problematically, work as
Fiber optic applications is when the environment such as liquid, and system cannot the isolated pressure impact on optical fiber.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of temperature and EO-1 hyperion Rayleigh-Brillouin light domain reflectometer that stress detects simultaneously,
It has high spectral resolution, high spatial resolution, high measurement accuracy, compact conformation, data process the advantages such as simple.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, including: optical emitting unit 10, spy
Survey object element 20, filter unit 30, spectral scan unit 40, detector cells 50, data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit
60；Wherein:
The described optical emitting unit 10 laser pulse after launching pulse modulated and amplifying；Described probe unit 20 is used
In being guided to reference optical fiber and detection optical fiber by laser pulse, and corresponding echo-signal is transferred to filter unit
30；Described filter unit 30 for the Rayleigh beacon signal reduced in echo-signal and leaches brillouin scattering signal,
So that Rayleigh beacon is suitable with brillouin scattering signal；Described spectral scan unit 40 is for scan-filtering unit 30
Output result, it is thus achieved that Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；Described detector cells 50 is for spectral scan unit
The output signal of 40 carries out opto-electronic conversion；Described data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 60 is used for gathering the signal of telecommunication, and inverting optical fiber
Suffered temperature and stress information.
Described optical emitting unit 10 includes 1.5 μm LASER Light Sources 11, pulse generator 12 and erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13；
Wherein, 1.5 μm continuous lasers of described 1.5 μm LASER Light Source 11 outgoing cut into pulsed light, pulse by pulse generator 12
Light is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13 again, thus produces the laser pulse meeting Fibre Optical Sensor requirement；
Described pulse generator 12 is electrooptic modulator or acousto-optic modulator.
Described detection object element 20 includes: optical fiber circulator 21, reference optical fiber 22 and sensor fibre 23；Wherein, laser
Pulse is incident from a port of optical fiber circulator 21, respectively enters reference optical fiber 22 and sensor fibre 23 from b port, and echo is believed
Number through optical fiber circulator 21 b port return, and by c port transmission to filter unit 30；
Described reference optical fiber 22 and sensor fibre 23 are single-mode fiber or polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Described filter unit 30 is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, molecular filter device, Mach Zehnder interferometer or sagnac ring.
Described spectral scan unit 40 includes: fiber optic splitter 41, fiber F-P interferometer 42, fiber F-P interferometer control
Device 43 and constant temperature and pressure device 44；Wherein, the echo-signal that filter unit 30 processed is divided into through fiber optic splitter 41 1
Two, a copy of it light enters probe unit 50 from a port of fiber optic splitter 41 after fiber F-P interferometer 42, and other one
Part is directly entered probe unit 50 from the b port of fiber optic splitter 41；Fiber F-P interferometer controller 43 is used for scanning optical fiber
The chamber of F-P interferometer 42 is long, and constant temperature and pressure device 44 is used for guaranteeing that fiber F-P interferometer 42 works under constant temperature and pressure.
Described acquisition Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum include:
Based on vernier caliper principle, utilize the Periodic Interference structure of fiber F-P interferometer 42, interfere by setting fiber F-P
The parameter of instrument 42, then it is long to be scanned the chamber of fiber F-P interferometer 42 by fiber F-P interferometer controller 43, thus obtain optical fiber
Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；
When assuming N FSR ≠ R_B (N=0,1,2,3......), wherein, FSR is between freely the composing of fiber F-P interferometer 42
Away from, R_B is the spacing ≈ 11.2GHz of Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；When fiber F-P interferometer controller 43
Scanning fiber F-P interferometer 42 chamber long time, can successively obtain optical fiber Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum, and this two
Individual spectrum spacing is N FSR-11.2GHz on rate of scanning.
Described probe unit 50 is indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector, upper conversion single-photon detector or superconducting single-photon detection
Device.
Described data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 60 includes: capture card 61, computer 62 and arbitrary-function generator 63；Its
In, described arbitrary function emitter 63 is for triggering the pulse generator 12 in synchronous optical transmitter unit 10 and capture card
61, described computer 62 is for by temperature and stress information suffered by preset algorithm inverting optical fiber.
Suffered by described optical fiber, the refutation process of temperature and stress information includes:
Obtain Brillouin spectrum by the chamber length of scanning F-P interferometer and Rayleigh scattering is composed, the Rayleigh to unit distance Bin
Scattering spectra and Brillouin spectrum are rebuild, and are fitted the Rayleigh scattering spectrum after rebuilding and Brillouin spectrum,
Try to achieve the ratio LPR of Rayleigh scattering power and Brillouin scattering power；Calculate Rayleigh scattering spectrum peak and Brillouin spectrum again
The spacing of peak；
Fiber optic temperature information is calculated by LPR, then by Brillouin shift inverting fiber stress information.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, 1) based on vernier caliper principle, fiber F-P is utilized to interfere
The Periodic Interference structure of instrument, by the parameter of appropriate design fiber F-P interferometer, by scanning the chamber of fiber F-P interferometer
Long, obtain Rayleigh scattering spectrum and the Brillouin spectrum of high spectral resolution simultaneously.2) by Landau-Placzek ratio
(LPR) method calculates fiber optic temperature distribution, is distributed by Brillouin shift inverting stress.By combining two kinds of method for sensing
With two scattering spectras, effectively prevent the cross-interference issue between temperature sensing and stress sensing.3) compared to using special light
Fine with while sensing temperature and the method for stress, the method that this invention is proposed has low cost, detection range length, detection
Precision is high, spatial resolution advantages of higher.4) when being provided simultaneously with Reyleith scanttering light domain reflectometer (OTDR) and Brillouin light
The advantage of domain reflectometer (BOTDR), not only can the temperature of sensor fibre and stress information also can detection fiber defect, special
Not it is noted that this invention can obtain Brillouin spectrum and Rayleigh spectrum simultaneously, the Brillouin shift therefore calculated is with auspicious
Profit is reference, appoints and accurate can obtain Extracting temperature and stress information in the case of without reference optical fiber.5) direct detection is used
Technology, compared to the method using coherent detection, its data acquisition amount is little, and computing pressure is little, and inversion method is the most straight
Connect.The present invention utilizes the Periodic Interference structure of fiber F-P interferometer cleverly, can high spectral resolution, high time resolution obtain
Obtain fiber Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum, this be coherent detection incomparable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, required use in embodiment being described below
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for
From the point of view of those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain according to these accompanying drawings
Other accompanying drawings.
A kind of temperature that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and EO-1 hyperion Rayleigh-Brillouin light Time Domain Reflectometry that stress detects simultaneously
The structural representation of meter；
Fig. 2 obtains the method schematic diagram of fiber Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum for the high spectral resolution that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly and completely
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on
Embodiments of the invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of temperature that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and EO-1 hyperion Rayleigh-Brillouin light Time Domain Reflectometry that stress detects simultaneously
The structural representation of meter.As it is shown in figure 1, it specifically includes that optical emitting unit 10, detection object element 20, filtering list
Unit 30, spectral scan unit 40, detector cells 50, data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 60；Wherein:
The described optical emitting unit 10 laser pulse after launching pulse modulated and amplifying；Described probe unit 20 is used
In being guided to reference optical fiber and detection optical fiber by laser pulse, and corresponding echo-signal is transferred to filter unit
30；Described filter unit 30 for the Rayleigh beacon signal reduced in echo-signal and leaches brillouin scattering signal,
So that Rayleigh beacon is suitable with brillouin scattering signal；Described spectral scan unit 40 is for scan-filtering unit 30
Output result, it is thus achieved that Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；Described detector cells 50 is for spectral scan unit
The output signal of 40 carries out opto-electronic conversion；Described data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 60 is used for gathering the signal of telecommunication, and inverting optical fiber
Suffered temperature and stress information.
Above-mentioned unit is specific as follows:
1, described optical emitting unit 10 includes 1.5 μm LASER Light Sources 11, pulse generator 12 and erbium-doped fiber amplifier
13；Wherein, 1.5 μm continuous lasers of described 1.5 μm LASER Light Source 11 outgoing cut into pulsed light by pulse generator 12,
Pulsed light is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier 13 again, thus produces the laser pulse meeting Fibre Optical Sensor requirement；Described arteries and veins
Rush generator 12 for electrooptic modulator or acousto-optic modulator.
Additionally, the other types that the LASER Light Source in described optical emitting unit 10 can also require for meeting Fibre Optical Sensor swash
Light device.
2, described detection object element 20 includes: optical fiber circulator 21, reference optical fiber 22 and sensor fibre 23；Its
In, laser pulse is incident from a port of optical fiber circulator 21, respectively enters reference optical fiber 22 and sensor fibre from b port
23, echo-signal returns through the b port of optical fiber circulator 21, and by c port transmission to filter unit 30；Described reference
Optical fiber 22 and sensor fibre 23 are single-mode fiber or polarization maintaining optical fibre.
3, described filter unit 30 is Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, molecular filter device, Mach Zehnder interferometer or sagnac ring；
Can also be that other have the device of similar functions.
4, described spectral scan unit 40 includes: fiber optic splitter 41, fiber F-P interferometer 42, fiber F-P interferometer
Controller 43 and constant temperature and pressure device 44；Wherein, the echo-signal that filter unit 30 processed is through fiber optic splitter 41 1 points
Being two, a copy of it light enters probe unit 50 from a port of fiber optic splitter 41 after fiber F-P interferometer 42, additionally
Portion is directly entered probe unit 50 from the b port of fiber optic splitter 41；Fiber F-P interferometer controller 43 is used for scanning light
The chamber of fine F-P interferometer 42 is long, and constant temperature and pressure device 44 is used for guaranteeing that fiber F-P interferometer 42 works under constant temperature and pressure.
Described acquisition Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum include:
Based on vernier caliper principle, utilize the Periodic Interference structure of fiber F-P interferometer 42, interfere by setting fiber F-P
The parameter of instrument 42, then it is long to be scanned the chamber of fiber F-P interferometer 42 by fiber F-P interferometer controller 43, thus obtain optical fiber
Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；
When assuming N FSR ≠ R_B (N=0,1,2,3......), wherein, FSR is between freely the composing of fiber F-P interferometer 42
Away from, R_B is the spacing ≈ 11.2GHz of Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；When fiber F-P interferometer controller 43
Scanning fiber F-P interferometer 42 chamber long time, can successively obtain optical fiber Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum, and this two
Individual spectrum spacing is N FSR-11.2GHz on rate of scanning.
As in figure 2 it is shown, be the method schematic diagram obtaining fiber Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum.
As shown in Fig. 2 (1), in optical fiber back scattering spectrum, Rayleigh scattering is elastic scattering, its frequency and incident light frequency
Unanimously, Brillouin scattering is inelastic scattering, and frequency displacement is about 11.2GHz, its medium frequency reduce for Stokes Brillouin
Scattering, frequency raise for anti-Stokes Brillouin scattering.Wherein, spontaneous brillouin scattering is little compared with Rayleigh scattering about
18dB。
In the present invention, by using filter unit 30 while reducing Rayleigh beacon signal, leach Brillouin scattering
Signal, as shown in Fig. 2 (2).Wherein filter unit is including but not limited to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, molecular filter device, horse
Conspicuous Zehnder interferometer and sagnac ring.
The ingenious part of the present invention is to utilize the Periodic Interference structure of fiber F-P interferometer, uses vernier caliper principle, logical
Cross the running parameter optimizing design fiber F-P interferometer, can successively obtain optical fiber when the chamber scanning fiber F-P interferometer is long
Rayleigh spectrum and Brillouin spectrum.Shown in the periodic structure of fiber F-P interferometer such as Fig. 2 (3), when the chamber of scanning F-P interferometer
Time long, optical fiber Ruili scattering spectra and Brillouin spectrum can be obtained continuously, as shown in Fig. 2 (4).Such as, Fiber Optic Sensor is worked as
Fabry-Perot freely compose spacing when being 4GHz, being spaced about of Ruili scattering spectra that scanning obtains and Brillouin spectrum
4 3-11.2=0.8GHz, when the fineness of Fabry Perot is 40, its full width at half maximum is 100MHz.
It should be noted that Fig. 2 is to leach Stokes Brillouin scattering and the feelings of anti-Stokes Brillouin scattering simultaneously
Condition, in actual application, according to selected filter unit, also can just filter out Stokes Brillouin scattering and Rayleigh scattering, or
Person leaches anti-Stokes Brillouin scattering and Rayleigh scattering.
5, described probe unit 50 is indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector, upper conversion single-photon detector or superconducting single-photon detection
Device.
6, described data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 60 includes: capture card 61, computer 62 and arbitrary-function generator 63；
Wherein, described arbitrary function emitter 63 is for triggering the pulse generator 12 in synchronous optical transmitter unit 10 and capture card
61, described computer 62 is for by temperature and stress information suffered by preset algorithm inverting optical fiber.
Suffered by described optical fiber, the refutation process of temperature and stress information includes:
When scanning obtains Brillouin spectrum and Rayleigh scattering spectrum, and in the case of sensor fibre has been demarcated, to unit away from
Rayleigh scattering from Bin is composed and Brillouin spectrum is rebuild, and to the Rayleigh scattering spectrum after rebuilding and Brillouin spectrum
It is fitted, tries to achieve the ratio LPR of Rayleigh scattering power and Brillouin scattering power；Calculate Rayleigh scattering spectrum peak and cloth again
In deep pool scattering spectra peak spacing BS；
Fiber optic temperature information is calculated by LPR, then by Brillouin shift inverting fiber stress information.
Rayleigh-Brillouin light domain reflectometer that a kind of temperature of embodiment of the present invention offer and stress detect simultaneously has as follows
Beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is based on vernier caliper principle, utilizes the Periodic Interference structure of fiber F-P interferometer, passes through appropriate design
The parameter of fiber F-P interferometer, the chamber by scanning fiber F-P interferometer is long, and high spectral resolution obtains the Rayleigh of optical fiber and dissipates
Penetrate spectrum and Brillouin spectrum.
2, the present invention calculates fiber optic temperature distribution by LPR method, is distributed by Brillouin shift inverting inverting stress.Logical
Cross and combine two kinds of method for sensing and two scattering spectras, effectively reduce the cross-interference issue between temperature sensing and stress sensing.
3, compared to use special optical fiber with while sensing temperature and the method for stress, the method that this invention is proposed has into
This is low, detection range length, detection accuracy high, spatial resolution advantages of higher.
4, the method that this invention is proposed is provided simultaneously with Reyleith scanttering light domain reflectometer (OTDR) and Brillouin light Time Domain Reflectometry
The advantage of meter (BOTDR), not only can the temperature of sensor fibre and stress information also can detection fiber defect, and pass through
The method detection and the Brillouin shift calculated are the absolute frequency displacements of distance Rayleigh, in the case of without necessarily referring to optical fiber
Appoint and accurate can obtain Extracting temperature and stress information.
5, the method used by this invention uses incoherent technique, compared to the method using coherent detection, its data acquisition
Measuring little, computing pressure is little, and inversion method is the most direct.What is particularly worth mentioning is that, the present invention utilizes fiber F-P cleverly
The Periodic Interference structure of interferometer, high spectral resolution, high time resolution can must obtain fiber Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin
Scattering spectra, this be coherent detection incomparable.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change that can readily occur in or replace
Change, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with claims
Protection domain is as the criterion.
Claims (9)
1. Rayleigh-Brillouin light domain reflectometer that a temperature and stress detect simultaneously, it is characterised in that including: optics
Transmitter unit (10), detection object element (20), filter unit (30), spectral scan unit (40), detection
Device unit (50), data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit (60)；Wherein:
The described optical emitting unit (10) laser pulse after launching pulse modulated and amplifying；Described probe unit
(20) for being guided to reference optical fiber and detection optical fiber by laser pulse, and corresponding echo-signal is transferred to filter
Ripple unit (30)；Described filter unit (30) is for the Rayleigh beacon signal reduced in echo-signal and leaches cloth
In deep pool scattered signal so that Rayleigh beacon is suitable with brillouin scattering signal；Described spectral scan unit (40)
Output result for scan-filtering unit (30), it is thus achieved that Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；Described detector list
Unit (50) is for carrying out opto-electronic conversion to the output signal of spectral scan unit (40)；Described data acquisition and processing (DAP) list
Unit (60) is used for gathering the signal of telecommunication, and temperature and stress information suffered by inverting optical fiber.
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature the most according to claim 1 and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, its
Be characterised by, described optical emitting unit (10) include 1.5 μm LASER Light Sources (11), pulse generator (12) and
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (13)；Wherein, 1.5 μm continuous lasers of described 1.5 μm LASER Light Source (11) outgoing pass through arteries and veins
Rushing generator (12) and cut into pulsed light, pulsed light is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier (13) again, thus produces and meet
The laser pulse that Fibre Optical Sensor requires；
Described pulse generator (12) is electrooptic modulator or acousto-optic modulator.
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature the most according to claim 1 and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, its
Being characterised by, described detection object element (20) including: optical fiber circulator (21), reference optical fiber (22) and sensing
Optical fiber (23)；Wherein, laser pulse is incident from a port of optical fiber circulator (21), respectively enters reference from b port
Optical fiber (22) and sensor fibre (23), echo-signal returns through the b port of optical fiber circulator (21), and by c end
Filter unit (30) is defeated by oral instructions；
Described reference optical fiber (22) and sensor fibre (23) are single-mode fiber or polarization maintaining optical fibre.
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature the most according to claim 1 and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, its
Be characterised by, described filter unit (30) be Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, molecular filter device, Mach Zehnder interferometer or
Sagnac ring.
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature the most according to claim 1 and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, its
Being characterised by, described spectral scan unit (40) including: fiber optic splitter (41), fiber F-P interferometer (42),
Fiber F-P interferometer controller (43) and constant temperature and pressure device (44)；Wherein, what filter unit (30) processed returns
Ripple signal is divided into two through fiber optic splitter (41), a copy of it light from a port of fiber optic splitter (41) through optical fiber F-
P interferometer (42) enters probe unit (50) afterwards, and additionally portion is directly entered from the b port of fiber optic splitter (41)
Probe unit (50)；The chamber that fiber F-P interferometer controller (43) is used for scanning fiber F-P interferometer (42) is long,
Constant temperature and pressure device (44) is used for guaranteeing that fiber F-P interferometer (42) works under constant temperature and pressure.
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature the most according to claim 5 and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, its
Being characterised by, described acquisition Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum include:
Based on vernier caliper principle, utilize the Periodic Interference structure of fiber F-P interferometer (42), by setting fiber F-P
The parameter of interferometer (42), then the chamber by fiber F-P interferometer controller (43) scanning fiber F-P interferometer (42)
Long, thus obtain Rayleigh scattering spectrum and the Brillouin spectrum of optical fiber；
When assuming N FSR ≠ R_B (N=0,1,2,3......), wherein, FSR is the freedom of fiber F-P interferometer (42)
Spectrum spacing, R_B is the spacing ≈ 11.2GHz of Rayleigh scattering spectrum and Brillouin spectrum；When fiber F-P interferometer controller
(43), when the chamber of scanning fiber F-P interferometer (42) is long, Rayleigh scattering spectrum and the Brillouin scattering of optical fiber can successively be obtained
Compose, and the two spectrum spacing is N FSR-11.2GHz on rate of scanning.
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature the most according to claim 1 and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, its
Being characterised by, described probe unit (50) is indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector, upper conversion single-photon detector or superconduction list
Photon detector.
The Rayleigh that a kind of temperature the most according to claim 1 and stress detect simultaneously-Brillouin light domain reflectometer, its
Being characterised by, described data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit (60) including: capture card (61), computer (62) and arbitrarily
Functional generator (63)；Wherein, described arbitrary function emitter (63) is used for triggering synchronous optical transmitter unit
(10) pulse generator (12) in and capture card (61), described computer (62) is for anti-by preset algorithm
Drill temperature suffered by optical fiber and stress information.
9. Rayleigh-Brillouin light the Time Domain Reflectometry simultaneously detected according to a kind of temperature described in claim 1 or 8 and stress
Meter, it is characterised in that suffered by described optical fiber, the refutation process of temperature and stress information includes:
Obtain Brillouin spectrum by the chamber length of scanning F-P interferometer and Rayleigh scattering is composed, the Rayleigh to unit distance Bin
Scattering spectra and Brillouin spectrum are rebuild, and are fitted the Rayleigh scattering spectrum after rebuilding and Brillouin spectrum,
Try to achieve the ratio LPR of Rayleigh scattering power and Brillouin scattering power；Calculate Rayleigh scattering spectrum peak and Brillouin spectrum again
The spacing of peak；
Fiber optic temperature information is calculated by LPR, then by Brillouin shift inverting fiber stress information.
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