CN108106643B - Ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on optical chirp chain - Google Patents
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- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
Abstract
The invention provides an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain, and belongs to the field of distributed optical fiber sensing. In an upper branch, a high-frequency pulse section module cuts a generated high-frequency microwave signal into a pulse section, drives an electro-optical modulator 1 to load the pulse section onto the carrier, amplifies optical power of output light through an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, enters an optical filter 1 through a port 1-2 of a circulator, filters out a first-order upper sideband as pump light, and enters an optical fiber to be tested through a port 2-3 of the circulator; in the lower branch, a required chirp chain waveform is pre-programmed and written into a memory of a chirp chain module, an electrical chirp chain signal output by the chirp chain module drives an electro-optical modulator 2, the electrical chirp chain signal is loaded on a carrier, output light filters out a first-order lower sideband through an optical filter 2 to be used as detection light, and finally the detection light enters an optical fiber to be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain, and belongs to the field of distributed optical fiber sensing.
Background
The sensor is widely applied to various fields of modern industry and human life, the traditional electric sensor converts the measured information into an electric signal according to a certain rule, and the sensor is easy to be interfered by electromagnetic waves, is not corrosion-resistant and has small information capacity, so that the performance and the application range of the sensor are limited. The optical fiber sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, high measuring speed, large information capacity, low cost, electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, suitability for severe environments and the like, and has wide application prospect.
In recent years, a stimulated brillouin scattering effect based brillouin optical time domain analyzer is widely researched by scholars at home and abroad, and the analyzer has the advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio, distributed measurement, high spatial resolution, long measurement distance and the like.
The operation principle of the traditional Brillouin optical time domain analyzer mainly adopts a pumping-detection method. Generally, one high-frequency and high-power pulse light is used as a pump light, the other low-frequency and weak-power continuous light is used as a probe light, and two light waves are injected from two ends of an optical fiber to be measured respectively. When the frequency difference of the two beams of light approaches the Brillouin Frequency Shift (BFS) of the optical fiber to be measured, the optical power will be transferred from the high-frequency pump pulse light to the low-frequency probe light due to the Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) effect in the optical fiber. Since the pump light is pulsed light, a distributed Brillouin Gain Spectrum (BGS) can be obtained by sweeping the probe light, and the BGS is of a lorentz line type for intrinsic BGS. Then, the distributed BFS of the optical fiber may be obtained by a lorentz curve fitting algorithm or a gaussian curve fitting algorithm. The BFS is linear with the strain or temperature of the fiber, so the corresponding strain or temperature can be calculated by demodulating the BFS. Due to the limited switching time of the optical wave frequency and the large number of frequency sweeps, the measurement time of the distributed strain or temperature of the brillouin optical time domain analyzer usually needs several seconds to several minutes, and the sampling rate during dynamic measurement is greatly limited.
The method is characterized in that a sweep waveform is firstly written into an internal memory of the AWG in series, an electric signal output by the sweep waveform is a frequency-agile signal, an electro-optic modulator is simultaneously driven to load Single-frequency carrier light to form upper and lower sidebands at the minimum working point state, and finally, the lower sidebands are filtered out by an optical filter to serve as detection light, each optical frequency segment corresponds to one pump light, and when the sweep range of the detection light covers the BFS of the optical fiber, a Distributed BGS (pulsed spectrum, British Avi, and Tur Moshe, "British optical time domain analysis for fiber", the sweep frequency spectrum of the optical fiber is changed by a BGfrequency-agile linear sampling system, a sweep frequency domain equivalent grating, a sweep frequency spectrum of the sweep spectrum of the optical fiber is changed by a BGS-frequency modulation system, a sweep frequency equivalent grating, a sweep frequency spectrum sampling frequency equivalent grating, a sweep frequency spectrum of the optical fiber frequency equivalent grating is changed by a BGS-frequency-adjustable linear grating optical fiber grating spectrometer, a sweep optical fiber grating optical grating spectrometer is used for measuring the frequency spectrum of the sweep frequency spectrum of the optical fiber frequency equivalent grating, the sweep frequency equivalent grating optical fiber frequency spectrum of the sweep optical fiber grating, the sweep frequency equivalent grating optical fiber grating spectrometer, the strain grating is changed by a Single-frequency equivalent grating optical fiber grating spectrometer, the BGS equivalent grating spectrometer, the sweep frequency equivalent grating optical grating spectrometer, the sweep frequency equivalent grating optical fiber grating spectrometer, the sweep frequency spectrum of the strain grating spectrometer, the strain optical fiber grating spectrometer, the strain frequency spectrum of the strain optical fiber grating spectrometer, the strain optical grating spectrometer, the strain grating of the strain optical fiber grating spectrometer, the strain optical fiber grating of the strain frequency spectrum of the strain optical fiber grating of the strain optical fiber grating of the strain spectrometer, the strain optical fiber grating of the strain optical fiber grating of the strain optical fiber of.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and further provides an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain comprises a laser module, a high-frequency pulse section module, an electro-optical modulator 1, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a circulator, an optical filter 1, a chirp chain module, an electro-optical modulator 2, an optical filter 2 and a detection acquisition module,
the laser module outputs laser signals as carrier waves which are transmitted to the upper branch and the lower branch,
in the upper branch, a high-frequency pulse section module cuts a generated high-frequency microwave signal into a pulse section, and drives an electro-optical modulator 1 to load the pulse section on a carrier, the electro-optical modulator 1 is arranged at a lowest working point, output light output by the electro-optical modulator 1 comprises the carrier and a first-order upper sideband and a first-order lower sideband, the output light is subjected to optical power amplification through an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, then enters an optical filter 1 through a port 1-2 of a circulator, the first-order upper sideband is filtered out by the optical filter 1 to be used as pump light, and enters an optical fiber to be tested through a port 2-3 of the circulator, and the pump light is up-conversion pulse light;
in the lower branch, a required chirp chain waveform is pre-programmed and written into a memory of a chirp chain module, a high-frequency pulse segment module synchronously triggers the chirp chain module, an electrical chirp chain signal output by the chirp chain module drives an electro-optical modulator 2, the electro-optical modulator 2 loads the electrical chirp chain signal onto a carrier, the electro-optical modulator 2 is arranged at the lowest working point, output light output by the electro-optical modulator 2 comprises the carrier and a first-order upper sideband and a first-order lower sideband, the output light filters the first-order lower sideband through an optical filter 2 to serve as detection light, finally, the detection light enters an optical fiber to be detected, the detection light enters a detection acquisition module through a 3-4 port of a circulator to be processed, and the detection light is chirp chain detection light.
The invention relates to an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain, wherein the frequency of a high-frequency microwave signal is vmwWidth of pulse section Tp。
The invention relates to an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain, wherein the frequency of pump light is vp＝ν0+νmw。
The invention relates to an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain, which adjusts frequency parameters to enable pulse light of up-conversion and chirp chain detection light to generate SBS action in an optical fiber.
The invention relates to an ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain, wherein a laser module is a narrow-linewidth laser, and the output laser wavelength is 1550 nm.
The ultrafast distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on the optical chirp chain can realize ultrafast measurement of distributed strain and temperature, the distributed BGS of the optical fiber to be measured can be measured only by single pumping pulse light, and the sampling frequency of the distributed BGS is only related to the length of the optical fiber to be measured and the average number of signals; the pumping light is up-conversion pulse light, so that the bandwidth requirement of the chirp chain module is greatly reduced, and the cost is favorably reduced; the intelligent spatial resolution configuration is adopted, and because the time length of the chirp segment corresponds to the spatial resolution of the invention, the intelligent configuration of the spatial resolution can be realized by pre-writing the length of each chirp segment according to different measurement environments and conditions during actual operation; and intelligent dynamic range configuration is adopted, and the tunable dynamic range is realized by pre-programming the chirp quantity of each chirp segment according to actual measurement requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain relationship between pump pulse light and chirp chain probe light of the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time domain relationship between pump pulse light and chirp chain probe light of the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation is given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on optical chirp chain according to the present embodiment includes a laser module, a high-frequency pulse segment module, an electro-optical modulator 1, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a circulator, an optical filter 1, a chirp chain module, an electro-optical modulator 2, an optical filter 2, and a detection and collection module,
the laser module outputs laser signals as carrier waves which are transmitted to the upper branch and the lower branch,
in the upper branch, a high-frequency pulse section module cuts a generated high-frequency microwave signal into a pulse section, and drives an electro-optical modulator 1 to load the pulse section on a carrier, the electro-optical modulator 1 is arranged at a lowest working point, output light output by the electro-optical modulator 1 comprises the carrier and a first-order upper sideband and a first-order lower sideband, the output light is subjected to optical power amplification through an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, then enters an optical filter 1 through a port 1-2 of a circulator, the first-order upper sideband is filtered out by the optical filter 1 to be used as pump light, and enters an optical fiber to be tested through a port 2-3 of the circulator, and the pump light is up-conversion pulse light;
in the lower branch, a required chirp chain waveform is pre-programmed and written into a memory of a chirp chain module, a high-frequency pulse segment module synchronously triggers the chirp chain module, an electrical chirp chain signal output by the chirp chain module drives an electro-optical modulator 2, the electro-optical modulator 2 loads the electrical chirp chain signal onto a carrier, the electro-optical modulator 2 is arranged at the lowest working point, output light output by the electro-optical modulator 2 comprises the carrier and a first-order upper sideband and a first-order lower sideband, the output light filters the first-order lower sideband through an optical filter 2 to serve as detection light, finally, the detection light enters an optical fiber to be detected, the detection light enters a detection acquisition module through a 3-4 port of a circulator to be processed, and the detection light is chirp chain detection light.
Example two: as shown in fig. 1, in the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on optical chirp chain according to the present embodiment, the frequency of the high-frequency microwave signal is vmwWidth of pulse section Tp。
Example three: as shown in fig. 1, in the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on optical chirp chain according to the present embodiment, the frequency of the pump light is vp＝ν0+νmw。
Example four: as shown in fig. 1, the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on optical chirp chain according to the present embodiment adjusts the frequency parameters so that the up-converted pulsed light and the chirp chain probe light generate SBS action in the optical fiber.
Example five: as shown in fig. 1, in the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain according to the present embodiment, the laser module is a narrow linewidth laser, and the output laser wavelength is 1550 nm.
Example six: as shown in fig. 2, the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on optical chirp chain according to the present embodiment describes the frequency domain relationship between pumping pulse light and chirp chain probe light, and the frequency distribution of each optical chirp segment is vi＝ν1+η·tiWherein i is 1,2,3 … N is a frequency point sequence, η is Δ νchirpΔ T, the time of the chirp segment is Δ T, and the total chirp frequency amount is Δ vchirpThe spectrum of the probe light is ideally a frequency comb. In actual operation, the BFS of the optical fiber to be measured is usually about 11GHz, and the pump pulse light is fixed to be up-converted to about 8GHz, so that the bandwidth requirement of the chirped chain module can be reduced to about 3 GHz. By adjusting chirp range, sweep frequency range v between up-conversion pump pulse light and chirp chain detection lightchirp+νmwThe BFS of the fiber can be covered.
Seventh embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in the ultrafast distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on an optical chirp chain according to this embodiment, the optical chirp chain is formed by M chirp segments connected in series in the time domain, and the frequency distribution is a sawtooth waveform or a triangular waveform, or can generate a more complex frequency distribution, the time length of the optical chirp chain is M · Δ T, which is slightly longer than the round-trip time 2n L/c of the optical wave in the optical fiber to be measured, where n is the core refractive index of the optical fiber to be measured, L is the fiber length, and c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum.
Example eight: the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the high frequency burst module is replaced with a microwave source and a pulse generator. The microwave source drives the electro-optical modulator to generate a first-order upper sideband and a first-order lower sideband to shift the frequency of the carrier frequency, the pulse generator drives the electro-optical modulator to generate pulse light, and the combination of the two can also generate up-conversion pulse light with the frequency of more than 8GHz
Example nine: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an arbitrary waveform generator is used instead of the chirp chain module.
Example ten: the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that a common pulse generator is used for replacing a high-frequency pulse section module, and pulse light without frequency conversion is generated as pump light; at the same time, a chirp chain module is replaced by a high-performance arbitrary waveform generator with the bandwidth up to 11GHz to generate chirp chain type detection light
Example eleven: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that one laser module is used for each of the upper and lower arms. The pump light does not need high frequency shift, but a frequency locking device is added to keep the frequency of the two laser modules stable.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and these embodiments are based on different implementations of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The single-shot ultrafast measurement type distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer based on the optical chirp chain is characterized by comprising a laser module, a high-frequency pulse section module, an electro-optical modulator 1, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a circulator, an optical filter 1, a chirp chain module, an electro-optical modulator 2, an optical filter 2 and a detection acquisition module,
the laser module outputs laser signals as carrier waves which are transmitted to the upper branch and the lower branch,
in the upper branch, a high-frequency pulse section module cuts a generated high-frequency microwave signal into a pulse section, and drives an electro-optical modulator 1 to load the pulse section on a carrier, the electro-optical modulator 1 is arranged at a lowest working point, output light output by the electro-optical modulator 1 comprises the carrier and a first-order upper sideband and a first-order lower sideband, the output light is subjected to optical power amplification through an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, then enters an optical filter 1 through a port 1-2 of a circulator, the first-order upper sideband is filtered out by the optical filter 1 to be used as pump light, and enters an optical fiber to be tested through a port 2-3 of the circulator, and the pump light is up-conversion pulse light;
in the lower branch, a required chirp chain waveform is pre-programmed and written into a memory of a chirp chain module, a high-frequency pulse segment module synchronously triggers the chirp chain module, an electrical chirp chain signal output by the chirp chain module drives an electro-optical modulator 2, the electro-optical modulator 2 loads the electrical chirp chain signal onto a carrier, the electro-optical modulator 2 is arranged at the lowest working point, output light output by the electro-optical modulator 2 comprises the carrier and a first-order upper sideband and a first-order lower sideband, the output light filters the first-order lower sideband through an optical filter 2 to serve as detection light, finally, the detection light enters an optical fiber to be detected, the detection light enters a detection acquisition module through a 3-4 port of a circulator to be processed, and the detection light is chirp chain detection light.
2. The optical chirp chain-based single-shot ultrafast measurement type distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer in accordance with claim 1, wherein the frequency of the high-frequency microwave signal is vmwPulse segment width Tpp，v0To output the laser frequency.
3. The optically chirped chain-based single shot ultrafast measurement distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frequency of the pump light is vp+v0+vmw。
4. The optically chirped chain-based single shot ultrafast measurement distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer according to claim 3, wherein the frequency parameters are adjusted such that the up-converted pulsed light and the chirped chain probe light undergo SBS action in the optical fiber.
5. The optically chirped chain based single shot ultrafast measurement distributed brillouin optical time domain analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the laser module is a narrow linewidth laser, and the output laser wavelength is 1550 nm.
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| CN108917804A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-11-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Quick long-distance distributed Brillouin light fiber sensing equipment based on chirp chain |
| CN108981768A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Single-ended fast distributed Brillouin Optical domain reflectometer based on optics chirp chain |
| CN111412935B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-08-10 | 电子科技大学 | High-repetition-rate quasi-distributed sensing system based on time division multiplexing |
| CN111879344B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-03-25 | 董永康 | Fast Brillouin optical time domain analyzer and method based on frequency agility and CS technology |
| CN111998968B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-07-22 | 鞍山睿科光电技术有限公司 | Wide temperature range demodulation device and method based on low-frequency agility and sliding window |
| CN113890605B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Stimulated Brillouin scattering microwave frequency measuring device and method based on optical chirp chain |
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| CN100504309C (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2009-06-24 | 南京大学 | Brillouin optical time domain reflection measuring method based on quick fourier transform |
| JP5234178B2 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2013-07-10 | 富士通株式会社 | Optical signal processing device |
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