CN108101646A - A kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108101646A CN108101646A CN201711477958.XA CN201711477958A CN108101646A CN 108101646 A CN108101646 A CN 108101646A CN 201711477958 A CN201711477958 A CN 201711477958A CN 108101646 A CN108101646 A CN 108101646A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of biological fertilizer, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer.This method through the following steps that realize：It carries out the culture of seed liquor first, solid fermentation is then carried out in fermentation tank, finally filter out solid impurity in zymotic fluid with plate and frame filter press or membrane separation technique to obtain the final product.The present invention carries out mixed fungus fermentation, two kinds of strains can have complementary functions, coordinated by the composition of Optimal Medium, tunning effective active thalline is more, can inhibit harmful microorganism in soil and breeds, reduces pest and disease damage, organic matter content is high, and particularly various amino acid contents are high, and not only fertilizer efficiency acquisition time is long, and make loosing soil, aeration is good, applies fertilizer for flowers and trees, and flowers are bright in colour, long fresh-keeping period is not easy to wither；After fruit, fruit growing can be promoted, improve yield and the content of nutriment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological fertilizer, and in particular to a kind of system of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer
Preparation Method.
Background technology
As cities and towns integration and new countryside construction process quickly propel, most of peasant moves to city successively, live in
A few basin flower decoration rooms are always purchased at building, the moving to a better place new home, original live in city dweller whenever the New Year celebrate a festival also always replace it is fresh
Flowers, to show, all things take on a new aspect, vigorous.The demand of flowers market is increasing, and flower planting area expands year by year.
But the flowers short-term of family's purchase cultivation just wither, atrophy, until withered.The main reason is that nutrition is withered
It exhausts, some is supplement nutrient, and using some fertilizers for potted flowers, and the main component of these fertilizers for potted flowers is nothing more than nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a small amount of inorganic micro-
Secondary element, dose is few, and fertilizer efficiency is short；Amount at most easily burns root, causes flowers dead,.In recent years, most flower-growers were to make flowers bright-coloured
Luxuriant, using " nutrient solution ", the formula of these Liquid Fertilizers is still based on N P and K, inorganic elements, addition part such as poly- lucid asparagus
The easily absorbed organic synthesis substance such as propylhomoserin, amino acid, it is much better that effect ratio applies solid fertilizer for flower.
With deepening continuously for microbiology research, bio-feritlizer is progressively applied to agricultural and landscape flower neck
Domain, China Agricultural University have researched and developed ferment bacterium fertilizer, at present agriculture field with crop material, excrement of animals etc. for raw material,
Using ferment bacterium as strain, bio-organic fertilizer is made in field heap fermentation using heap fermentation.Ferment bacterium be by bacterium,
The functional group of the beneficial organism activity of tens kinds of bacterium of actinomyces and saccharomycete three categories and enzyme composition.Ferment bacterium is the micro- life of aerobic
Object group has very strong fermentability.During fermentation, multiple beneficial bacterium is proliferated rapidly, generates a large amount of beneficial metabolics
Substance secrets out of various active catabolic enzyme, these enzymes have very strong catalytic decomposition ability, various organic matters can be decomposed, it
The tunnings such as a variety of amino acid, vitamin, nucleic acid, mycoprotein can be generated during decomposing and fermenting, nutritive value is quite rich
It is rich.
In the prior art, ferment bacterium carries out the emphasis being fermented into for research of Liquid Fertilizer, since ferment bacterium is aerobic
Micropopulation, heap fermentation air permeability are poor, it is impossible to meet the aerobic requirement of ferment bacterium, the agricultural wastes content of organic matter is low,
It is difficult to produce the fertilizer of high-content, solid fermentation also is difficult to separation and Extraction liquid fertilizer, while solids bulk fermentation needs to purchase
Substantial amounts of strain is bought, expense is excessively high.Study a kind of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic liquid fertilizer for obtaining high nutrition ingredient and letter
The method of easy row is very important.
The content of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizers
Preparation method.
To achieve the above object, this invention takes following technical solutions：
The present invention provides a kind of flowers fruits and vegetables preparation methods of biological organic Liquid Fertilizer, comprise the following steps：
（1）The culture of seed liquor：Try to please long-pending 2000mL triangular glass it is bottled enter 400mL Shake flask mediums, after sterilized disinfection,
2mL ferment strain, 1cm are accessed on the ultra-clean platform of desinfection chamber2Red bolt bacterium opportunistic pathogen fungus block and 0.2 cm2Leuconostoc mesenteroides it is former
Bacterium fungus block is put into after shaking flask is sealed in shaking table, under 38 DEG C of constant temperature, is cultivated 15h, is prepared Mixed Microbes seed liquor；
（2）By process（1）The seed liquor of culture is transferred to by inoculum concentration 10% in the fermentation tank equipped with culture medium, in speed of agitator
200r/min, throughput 2vvm, pH6.9-7.2, ferment under the conditions of 38-39 DEG C of temperature 48h, obtains zymotic fluid；
（3）The solid impurity in zymotic fluid is filtered out with plate and frame filter press or membrane separation technique, plate and frame filter press uses enclosed press filtration
Machine, pressure are 0.5 MPa, and seperation film uses the resin film of 3 μm of micropore, circulating pressure 0.5mPa.
The formula of Shake flask medium used in the present invention：Bean cake powder（200 mesh）25g, glucose 20g, ammonium sulfate 5g, ferment
Female powder 5g, magnesium sulfate 3g, calcium carbonate 2g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g, beet juice 20mL, trace element solution
10ml, 350 mass parts of pure water.
Above-mentioned beet juice is prepared using following methods：It is beaten after beet root is crushed, then heats to 50-60 DEG C,
Saturated limewater is added in beet pulp, after stirring evenly, 20-30min is kept the temperature, then adds in citric acid and imidazolidinyl urea, stir
It mixes uniformly, filtering, adds in Sodium Caseinate in filtrate, stir evenly.
Further, 50mL saturated limewaters are added in the beet pulp per 1kg.
Further, the addition of the citric acid is to add in 0.18g per in 1kg beet pulps；The imidazolidinyl urea is same
The mass ratio of citric acid is 0.5：1.
Further, it is described to contain FeSO per 100mL trace element solutions4·5H2O 8%、CuSO4 4%、ZnCl2 5%、
The water of HCl 50ml, boric acid 5% and surplus.
Further, step（2）In, the formula of culture medium in the fermentation tank：Bean cake powder 18g, glucose 10g, sulfuric acid
Ammonium 2g, dusty yeast 3g, spaonin powder 3g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium sulfate 3g, calcium carbonate 2g, pure water
50mL。
Spaonin powder used in the present invention is prepared using following methods：100g Chinese honey locusts and Semen Gleditsiae are ground into 30 mesh
Powder, then add in the mixed solution of 100mL acetic acid-ethyl alcohol（The volume ratio of acetic acid and ethyl alcohol is 1：19）, heating water bath to 55
DEG C, it keeps the temperature 2h, is dried after filtering, continue to be ground to 100 mesh powder to obtain the final product.
Ferment bacterium used in the present invention, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and red bolt bacterium are purchased from China General Microbiological culture presevation
Administrative center.The present invention is by ferment bacterium, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and red bolt bacterium mixed fermentation, and fermentability is strong, fermentation process energy
Various organic matters are decomposed, a variety of biomass nutrients such as metabolism multivitamin, nucleic acid, mycoprotein can improve fermentate
Nutritive value.Simultaneously using the higher substance of the contents of organic matter such as Soybean Meal, glucose as raw material, cultivated using China Agricultural University
Ferment flora for strain, liquid fermentation prepares flowers full of nutrition biological organic Liquid Fertilizer under aerobic condition, key
It is to maintain sufficient throughput, suitable temperature, pH and high-enriched organics culture medium.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
（1）The present invention carries out mixed fungus fermentation, strain can have complementary functions, coordinated, fermentation by the composition of Optimal Medium
Product effective active thalline is more, can inhibit harmful microorganism in soil and breeds, reduces pest and disease damage, and organic matter content is high,
Particularly various amino acid contents are high, and not only fertilizer efficiency acquisition time is long, but also makes loosing soil, and aeration is good, apply fertilizer for flowers and trees,
Flowers are bright in colour, and long fresh-keeping period is not easy to wither；After fruit, fruit growing can be promoted, improve yield and nutrients
The content of matter.
（2）Culture medium prescription provided by the invention is easy to get, and is fermented by the additive amount and control that rationally control each raw material
The parameters such as temperature, time, obtained fermentate growth potential is good, and yield is high and quality is good.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is described further below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic liquid fertilizer, method are as follows：
（1）It tries to please two, the triangular glass bottle of long-pending 2000ml, cleans and 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min in autoclave, be packed into after cooling
The pure water of 350ml weighs two parts of bean cake powders with electronic scale respectively（200 mesh）25g, glucose 20g, ammonium sulfate 5g, dusty yeast
5g, calcium carbonate 2g, magnesium sulfate 3g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g, beet juice 20mL, trace element solution 10ml（It is molten
Liquid contains FeSO4·5H2O 8%、CuSO4 4%、ZnCl25%th, HCl 50ml, boric acid 5%）.Mixing in triangular flask is successively packed into successively
Uniformly, closed with gauze bottle stopper, be put into 116 DEG C of sterilizing 25min in autoclave, be cooled to room temperature.Then desinfection chamber is moved on to, super
On net platform under Alcohol Flame protection, 2ml ferment bacteriums, 1cm are respectively taken out from the glycerol tube brought back to life with oese2Red bolt bacterium is former
Bacterium fungus block and 0.2 cm2Leuconostoc mesenteroides opportunistic pathogen fungus block be respectively connected in triangular flask, be put into and shake after being closed with cotton yarn bottle stopper
In bottle, 38 DEG C of design temperature shakes speed 100 times/min, incubation time 15h, obtains mixed bacterium seed liquor；
（2）The aerobic liquid fermentation of fermentation tank high-concentration culturing base：Volume 100L fermentation tanks are chosen, are first turned on all with tank body phase
The valve of connection, is passed through steam, and under the conditions of 121 DEG C, slack tank sterilizing 25min is cooled to 38 DEG C, closes all valves, is packed into
50L pure water weighs bean cake powder 18kg, glucose 12kg, dusty yeast 3kg, spaonin powder 3kg, ammonium sulfate with electronic scale respectively
2kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2kg, calcium carbonate 2kg, are sequentially loaded into fermentation tank；Steaming is passed through in fermentation tank chuck
Vapour, and open blow valve more than liquid level, mend alkali valve, 116 DEG C are warming up to, real tank sterilizing 25min is carried out, is cooled to 38 DEG C,
Under the protection of Alcohol Flame, inoculation mouth is opened, by process（1）In the Mixed Microbes seed liquor access fermentation tank of culture, after closing, open
Mixer is opened, rotating speed 200r/min opens compressed air inlet valve, admission pressure 250KPa, throughput 160-200L/min（I.e.
2-2.5vvm）, slightly can opening top blow valve keeps tank pressure 50KPa, start-up temperature automatic control and pH robot control system(RCS)s, keeps fermentation temperature
37-38 DEG C, pH 6.9-7.2, the sampling indexing photometer measurement OD values per 2h, to observe the growth and breeding situation of bacterium, titration is surveyed
Amino acid content is measured, fermentation time continues 48h, and gained filtrate is Liquid Fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer, it is essentially identical with embodiment method, the difference is that,
Step（1）Beet juice is not contained in Shaking culture based formulas；Step（2）Culture medium in do not contain spaonin powder.
Comparative example 1
A kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer, fermentation process with embodiment 1, the difference is that, only
It is inoculated with ferment bacterium.
Comparative example 2
A kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer, fermentation process with embodiment 1, the difference is that, only
It is inoculated with red bolt bacterium.
Comparative example 3
A kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer, fermentation process with embodiment 1, the difference is that, only
It is inoculated with Leuconostoc mesenteroides.
（One）It using the method identical with embodiment 1, is tested three times, is only inoculated with ferment bacterium respectively, is only inoculated with red bolt
Bacterium and Leuconostoc mesenteroides is only inoculated with, after culture, measures the yield of exocellular polysaccharide and intracellular polyse respectively, assay method is adopted
With Anthrone-sulfuricacid method, concrete outcome is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
（Two）The method that embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are provided carries out 10 repetitions, counts pollution rate, occurs during the fermentation
Arbitrary steps pollute, and carry out the statistics of pollution rate, and concrete outcome is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
（Three）The statistics of fermentation time is carried out to embodiment and comparative example, 1 fermentation time of the embodiment of the present invention is most short.
（Four）Fertilizer application prepared by embodiment 1-2 and comparative example 1-3 selects the strawberry of same kind to carry out in strawberry
Experiment, does not spray any pesticide, while sets control group, and control group sets 5 weights using commercially available strawberry special inorganic fertilizer
It is multiple, it counts yield of strawberry and mean fruit weight, concrete outcome is shown in Table 3.
Rate of growth=（The yield of each group-blank control group yield）/ blank control group Chan Liang ╳ 100%
Table 3
Note：Different letters are represented in the 0.05 horizontal significance of difference in table.
Soluble solid, soluble sugar and vitamin content are carried out for the strawberry of harvest to count, concrete outcome
It is shown in Table 4.
Table 4
Meanwhile after strawberry is using fertilizer, it is found that the disease rate of the strawberry provided using the embodiment of the present invention 1 is substantially reduced,
10% is reduced compared with embodiment 2.
（Five）By fertilizer application prepared by embodiment 1-2 and comparative example 1-3 in rose, the kind of rose is red rose
Rare, each experimental group sets 10 plants of roses, carries out 5 repetitions, counts the average plant height of rose, year every plant of rose flower
Flower bud number, pattern and the freshness date of rose set blank control group, and control group is applied fertilizer using inorganic fertilizers such as urea, is protected
Fresh phase statistics is the extension time compared with blank control group, and the growing way and plant height of the rose of each experimental group are essentially identical, have
Comparativity, concrete outcome are shown in Table 5.
Table 5
Present invention employs inorganic elements such as high-concentration organic matter culture medium addition phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, the liquid under excess oxygen
New process for fermenting, during the fermentation, multiple beneficial bacterium are bred rapidly, are generated a large amount of beneficial metabolites, are secreted out of various active
Catabolic enzyme decomposes high protein organic substance and glucose in culture medium, is converted into a variety of amino acid, vitamin, mycoprotein
Tunnings are waited, nutritive value is quite abundant, while because active thalline is more, forms profitable strain advantage, makes that the soil is porous, ventilative
It is good, and the growth of harmful bacteria can be inhibited, long fresh-keeping period numerous full of leaves, bright in colour for flowers root；It is former applied to veterinary antibiotics
Taste is in good taste, and chlorophyll content is high, and soluble solid equal size significantly improves, and disease rate reduces.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of flowers fruits and vegetables biological organic Liquid Fertilizer, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The culture of seed liquor：Try to please long-pending 2000mL triangular glass it is bottled enter 400mL Shake flask mediums, after sterilized disinfection,
2mL ferment strain, 1cm are accessed on the ultra-clean platform of desinfection chamber2Red bolt bacterium opportunistic pathogen fungus block and 0.2 cm2Leuconostoc mesenteroides it is former
Bacterium fungus block is put into after shaking flask is sealed in shaking table, under 38 DEG C of constant temperature, is cultivated 15h, is prepared Mixed Microbes seed liquor；
（2）By process（1）The seed liquor of culture is transferred to by inoculum concentration 10% in the fermentation tank equipped with culture medium, in speed of agitator
200r/min, throughput 2vvm, pH6.9-7.2, ferment under the conditions of 38-39 DEG C of temperature 48h, obtains zymotic fluid；
（3）The solid impurity in zymotic fluid is filtered out with plate and frame filter press or membrane separation technique, plate and frame filter press uses enclosed press filtration
Machine, pressure are 0.5 MPa, and seperation film uses the resin film of 3 μm of micropore, circulating pressure 0.5mPa.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the formula of the Shake flask medium：Bean cake powder（200
Mesh）25g, glucose 20g, ammonium sulfate 5g, dusty yeast 5g, magnesium sulfate 3g, calcium carbonate 2g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
2g, beet juice 20mL, trace element solution 10ml, 350 mass parts of pure water.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the beet juice is prepared using following methods：
It is beaten after beet root is crushed, then heats to 50-60 DEG C, saturated limewater is added in beet pulp, after stirring evenly, heat preservation
Then 20-30min adds in citric acid and imidazolidinyl urea, stirs evenly, filter, and adds in Sodium Caseinate in filtrate, stirs evenly
.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that add in 50mL saturation stones in the beet pulp per 1kg
Buck.
5. the preparation method according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the addition of the citric acid is per 1kg beets
0.18g is added in slurry；The imidazolidinyl urea is 0.5 with the mass ratio of citric acid：1.
6. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to contain per 100mL trace element solutions
FeSO4·5H2O 8%、CuSO4 4%、ZnCl25%th, the water of HCl 50ml, boric acid 5% and surplus.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step（2）In, culture medium matches somebody with somebody in the fermentation tank
Side：Bean cake powder 18g, glucose 10g, ammonium sulfate 2g, dusty yeast 3g, spaonin powder 3g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g,
Magnesium sulfate 3g, calcium carbonate 2g, pure water 50mL.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108863668A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-23 | 湖北茂盛生物有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich Special-purpose fruit tree biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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