CN105481486B - Utilize the product of the method and acquisition of stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Utilize the product of the method and acquisition of stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105481486B CN105481486B CN201610003589.XA CN201610003589A CN105481486B CN 105481486 B CN105481486 B CN 105481486B CN 201610003589 A CN201610003589 A CN 201610003589A CN 105481486 B CN105481486 B CN 105481486B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention provides the products of method and acquisition using stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer.Formula used is crop material (Rice And Maize etc.), filter mud, water (ordinary tap water), common organic fertilizer;Process flow is to mix stalk and filter mud 3:2~4:1 in mass ratio, by water content 60%~65% plus water, 115 DEG C, 30min sterilizing, 5%~10% inoculation, shallow tray fermentation, 1~3cm of deep fermentation, 22 DEG C~28 DEG C of fermentation temperature, solid fermentation object and common organic fertilizer 1:8~1:10 in mass ratio are mixed into biological organic fertilizer after fermentation by fermentation 7 days.Fertilizer reesei spores number produced is greater than 2 × 107A/g, total npk nutrient >=5%, the content of organic matter >=45%, growth-promoting effect are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the use of stalk and filter mud produces trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer in agricultural intensive production technology field
Method and the product of acquisition.
Background technique
Agricultural is the basic industry in China, always in occupation of important position in national economy.Three China during the last ten years
An important factor for grain-production achieves significant growth, and wherein a large amount of uses of chemical fertilizer are support increases in grain production, China is to account for
The arable land in the world 8% consumes the chemical fertilizer in 30% or more the world.While increasing grain yield, chemical fertilizer is excessively used for a long time
Bring the problems such as environmental pollution, soil hardening, Soil degradation, ecological degeneration and quality of agricultural product decline (Guo J H, Liu X
J, Zhang Y, et al.Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands [J]
.Science, 2010,327:1008-1010).If this situation cannot be changed, on the one hand it is unfavorable for agricultural resource and ring
The coordinated development in border, on the other hand cause plough this basic capital goods in the agricultural sector quality reduce, be unfavorable for agricultural can
Sustainable development.Microbial manure attracts attention because its is environmental-friendly, resource-effective, green safe.Microbial manure is also known as biology
Fertilizer, bacterial manure or Inoculant are that one kind with microbial life activity and its product causes crops to obtain specific fertilizer effect
Living microorganisms product (Ge Cheng microbial manure production application basis Beijing [M]: Chinese agriculture Science Press, 2000,
1-28.).Microbial manure in culture fertility, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, inhibit crops to nitrate nitrogen, heavy metal, pesticide
Absorb, purification and rehabilitating soil reduce corps diseases, the promotion decomposed utilization of agricultural crop straw, protect the fields environment with
And raising crop product quality and food security aspect are demonstrated by irreplaceable role, are that agricultural production and ecological environment are same
(Zhang Ruifu, Yan Chunrong, Zhang Nan wait microbial manure to study and its in farmland quality promotion to the key of step sustainable development
Application prospect [J], Chinese agriculture science and technology Leader, 2013,15 (5): 8-16).
Stalk " use is then sharp, and abandoning is then done harm to ".Today's society, the development and utilization of stalk resource, is both related to agricultural production system
In substance Efficient Conversion and energy efficient circulation, become the important realization means of circular agriculture, it is raw to also relate to entire agricultural
Soil fertility, water and soil conservation, Environmental security and renewable resource in state system such as efficiently utilize at the sustainable developments, again
It is related to that household in life of farmers system is warm and clean environment, gradually becomes agricultural and Rural Social Economy sustainable development
Inevitable requirement (Bi Yuyun, stalk resource evaluation with research on utilization [D] Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences .2010.06.).
In sugar manufacturing process, the non-sugar organic substance such as the protein as contained by mixed juice, pectic substance, organic acid
It is unfavorable to cane sugar boiling and crystal, therefore, clarifying treatment must be carried out to mixed juice.Calcium hydroxide, sulfur dioxide, phosphorus is added to mixed juice
The substances such as acid make the non-sugar organic matter such as protein, pectic substance, organic acid precipitate, and sediment passes through filter press or vacuum
Filter residue obtained from rotary vacuum filter or centrifugal separation equipment, referred to as filter mud, it is one of large byproduct of cane sugar manufacture.Filter mud is
The mixture of sugarcane epithelium, bagasse, juice,liming agent, soil and sugar etc. is leached rich in protein, fat, crude fibre, nitrogen-free
Object, ash content (Guo Weilie, Guo Qing China with cane sugar factory fermentation waste strengthen stromatin [J] pesticide herd product develop, 1996 (5):
29-31).However, cane sugar factory is in reduced levels to the biological utilisation degree of filter mud, it is used as fertilizer on a small quantity, it is most of discarded
(abundant Sugar Industry resource comprehensive utilization technology economic policy discussion [J] Sugar Industry of guarantor state, 1993, (1): 59-64).
Trichoderma is a kind of Antagonism fungi with important utility value, is made to various plants pathogen with antagonism
With being defined as a kind of important bio-control factors (Cook R J, Baker K F.The nature and practice of
Biological control of plant pathogens [J] .American Phyto pathological Society,
1983:318).In the nearly more than ten years, the research to Trichoderma in terms of control of plant disease both at home and abroad achieves a large amount of achievements, sieve
Correlative study of some high efficient strains for Biocontrol Effect, Biocontrol Mechanism and preparation processing is had selected, in controlling plant diseases
Aspect plays increasingly important role.How a large amount of tunning such as conidium, mycelium or chlamydospore are obtained
Etc. one of the processing and production key technology for being Trichoderma preparation.And solid fermentation is the best of acquisition fungal spore generally acknowledged at present
One of method, not only yield is high for it, but also high-quality.In solid fermentation, since thallus is grown under the conditions of humidity is lower,
Thus the spore that generally yields has more resistance to drought condition, and in a dry environment it is more stable (bow love monarch, Sun Cuixia,
Qiu Lina, waits Beijing .Bt biological pesticide [M]: Chemical Industry Press, and 2006).
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to develop and utilize stalk and filter for the practical problem and demand in production practices
Mud solid fermentation develops the formula and technique of trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer, reduces the production cost of biological organic fertilizer, production growth-promoting effect
The trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer that fruit is good, disease resistance is strong.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Utilize the method for the raw trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer of stalk filter mud, comprising the following steps:
1) reesei spores liquid, spore concentration 1 × 10 are prepared7~9×107A/g;
2) above-mentioned reesei spores liquid is inoculated into molasses culture solution, carries out liquid fermentation production, the condition of fermenting and producing are as follows:
28 DEG C of fermentation temperature, mixing speed is 170~180 revs/min, and fermentation time is 48~60h, keeps biomass in tunning dry
Weight is 6.0~7.0g/L;Molasses culture liquid making method used is, for preparing 1L culture solution: molasses 20g, yeast powder 5g,
Green vitriol 0.1g, bitter salt 1.25g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.0g, ammonium sulfate 5.45g, are settled to 1000ml,
115 DEG C of sterilizing 30min;
3) stalk of 1.5~4:1 of mass ratio, filter mud are mixed, adds water, 115 DEG C of sterilizings by 60%~65% water content
30min;
4) trichoderma fermentation liquid is accessed into the above-mentioned stalk to sterilize, in filtered mud mixture, stirred evenly, in tray middle berth
Flat, 1~3cm is sealed with eight layers of gauze, progress solid fermentation, inoculum concentration 10%, and 22~28 DEG C of solid fermentation temperature, fermentation 7
Terminate after it;Reesei spores content reaches 4 × 10 in tunning8A/g or more, water content 30%~40%;By solid fermentation
Object is mixed with common organic fertilizer 1:8~1:10 in mass ratio up to the trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer;The Trichoderma harzianum is raw
Organic fertilizer China and Kazakhstan thatch reesei spores number is greater than 2 × 107A/g, total npk nutrient be >=5%, quality of organic matter than content >=
45%.
Heretofore described trichoderma is not limited to the bacterial strain of particular source, reporting at present or commercially available or voluntarily
Screening there is antagonism to obtain trichoderma and may be applicable to the present invention phytopathogen.
The reesei spores liquid is prepared by the following method: trichoderma being inoculated on PDA plate, is covered with to it entire flat
Mycelia is scraped with blade, is filtered with sterile gauze, with aseptic water washing, filter mycelia, spore liquid, spore concentration is made by plate
Up to 4 × 107A/g, 4 DEG C of refrigerators are saved, are inoculated with spare.
Liquid fermentation time preferably 48~50h in step 2), biomass dry weight preferably 6.0~6.5g/L in tunning.
Stalk, filter mud are preferably mixed according to 3~4:1 of mass ratio in step 3).
Solid fermentation object mixes organic up to the trichoderma as biological with common organic fertilizer 1:9 in mass ratio in step 4)
Fertilizer.
The trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer prepared according to the method described in the present invention.
Trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer of the present invention is promoting the application in field crop growth.
The beneficial effect present invention, which provides, a kind of develops trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer using stalk and filter mud solid fermentation trichoderma
Formula and technique.
The trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer cost produced using the invention is easy to use lower than traditional biological organic fertilizer, growth-promoting and
The good advantage of disease resisting effect is suitble to field large area to use.The present invention protects the body of the people strong for preserving the ecological environment
Health, the added value for improving agricultural product have great importance.
Product has the advantages that compared with product currently on the market
1) present invention using stalk and filter mud solid fermentation trichoderma obtain high concentration reesei spores fermentation material, again with commonly have
The mixing of machine fertilizer, has developed trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer.The formula and technique can increase considerably the novel trichoderma biological organic
The quantity of reesei spores in fertilizer reduces the production cost of trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer while guaranteeing effect of fertilizer, production
Product has the extremely strong market competitiveness.
2) content of reesei spores reaches 2 × 10 in fertilizer7A/g or more meets national standard.The fertilizer long shelf-life,
Growth-promoting effect is good.
3) test result shows to apply this product in base fertilizer, can remarkably promote plant growth.
Detailed description of the invention
Influence of Fig. 1 difference initial water content to solid fermentation reesei spores number
Fig. 2 difference stalk and influence of the filter mud mass ratio to solid fermentation reesei spores number
Influence of Fig. 3 different vaccination amount to solid fermentation reesei spores number
Influence of Fig. 4 different fermentations temperature to solid fermentation reesei spores number
Influence of Fig. 5 different fermentations period to solid fermentation reesei spores number
Different initial influences of the pH to solid fermentation reesei spores number of Fig. 6
Whether Fig. 7 stirs the influence to solid fermentation reesei spores number
Influence of Fig. 8 different fermentations depth to solid fermentation reesei spores number
Fig. 9 trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer growth-promoting effect picture (after transplanting 30 days)
Figure 10 trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer growth-promoting effect picture (after transplanting 60 days)
Biomaterial preservation information
SQR-T037, classification naming are Trichoderma harzianum Trichoderma harzianum, are preserved in China Microbiological preservation
Administration committee's common micro-organisms center, preservation address are Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica,
The deposit date is 2009 September 22, deposit number be CGMCC NO.3308.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1, the acquisition of stalk
It is purchased in peasant household's hand, is broken into powder shape.
2, the acquisition of filter mud
Sugarcane squeezes sugared field purchase, sieves with 100 mesh sieve
3, time production of trichoderma bacteria agent is breathed out
The culture presevation number of Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037 is CGMCC NO.3308, is only with Trichoderma harzianum SQR- herein
Explain the specific technical solution of the present invention and effect for T037, other sources to there is antagonism to obtain phytopathogen wooden
It is mould to may be applicable to the present invention.
Trichoderma is inoculated on PDA plate, covers with entire plate to it, is scraped mycelia with blade, with sterile gauze mistake
Filter, with aseptic water washing, filters mycelia, spore liquid, spore concentration general 4 × 10 is made7A/g, 4 DEG C of refrigerators are saved, are inoculated with standby
With.Above-mentioned reesei spores liquid is inoculated into molasses culture solution, carries out liquid fermentation production, the condition of fermenting and producing are as follows: fermentation temperature
28 DEG C of degree, mixing speed are 170~180 revs/min, and fermentation time is 48~60h, makes biomass dry weight 6.0 in fermentation liquid
~7.0g/L;Molasses culture liquid making method used is, for preparing 1L culture solution: molasses 20g, yeast powder 5g, seven hydrations
Ferrous sulfate 0.1g, bitter salt 1.25g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.0g, ammonium sulfate 5.45g, are settled to 1000ml, and 115 DEG C
Sterilize 30min;
3, trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer is made in solid fermentation
3.1 the acquisition of solid fermentation formula and condition
The formula that solid fermentation is obtained using progressive method, carries out exploration packet to solid fermentation condition with single factor experiment first
Include the following conditions: initial water content, stalk and filter mud mass ratio, whether sterilize, inoculum concentration, fermentation temperature, fermentation period, just
Stirring, deep fermentation etc. whether are needed in beginning pH, fermentation, orthogonal test then are carried out to wherein several factors being affected, most
The Optimum formulae and condition of solid fermentation are obtained eventually.It is used to be formulated as crop material (rice, corn etc.), filter mud, water (commonly certainly
Water), common organic fertilizer;Process flow is to mix stalk and filter mud 4:1 in mass ratio, is added by mixture water content 60wt%
Water, 115 DEG C, 30min sterilizing, 10% access trichoderma, shallow tray fermentation, deep fermentation are 1~3cm, 22~28 DEG C of fermentation temperature, are sent out
Ferment 7 days, solid fermentation object and common organic fertilizer 1:9 in mass ratio are mixed into biological organic fertilizer after fermentation.Fertilizer produced
Reesei spores number is greater than 2 × 107A/g, total npk nutrient >=5%, the content of organic matter >=45%, growth-promoting effect is good, disease-resistant energy
Power is strong.
The quantity of function bacterium after having fermented in each processing of measurement, as a result such as Fig. 1~8, reesei spores content can reach 4 ×
108A/g or more.
3.2 with organic fertilizer mixture manufacturing finished product trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer
Organic fertilizer used is the connection industry refined organic fertilizer produced by Jiangyin Lianye Biotechology Co., Ltd..
Solid fermentation object is mixed with organic fertilizer 1:9 in mass ratio, packaging factory is trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer;It is developed into
Trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer reesei spores number > 2 × 107A/g, total npk nutrient >=5%, the content of organic matter >=45%.With
It is upper to be fully able to the novel trichoderma biological organic fertilizer of maximized fermenting and producing, and the trichoderma with technique the result shows that developing and being formulated
Biological organic fertilizer meets national biological organic fertilizer standard.
4, greenhouse test
Growth-promoting test carries out in resource and environmental science institute of Agricultural University Of Nanjing greenhouse, is corn, product for studying object
Kind is that capital field is pale reddish brown glutinous, sets four controls, one processing altogether, handles the novel trichoderma biological organic fertilizer (BF) developed for the present invention,
Control is respectively that any fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer processing (CF), common organic fertilizer (OF1), common organic fertilizer and stalk filter mud is not added
Mixed fertilizer (OF2), (nutrients such as CF, OF1, OF2 and BF, OF2 and BF discrete phase are same).5 basins of each processing, every basin fill 5 ㎏ soil, fertilizer
The additive amount of material is 1%.Fertilizer and soil are sufficiently mixed uniformly, Routine Management.The nursery in seedlings nursing plate grows to three pieces leaf to it,
It chooses in uniform seedling replanting to basin, every one young plant of basin.Transplanting is taken pictures after 30 days such as Fig. 9, is taken pictures after 60 days such as Figure 10, is received seedling
Growth index is measured, as a result such as table one, table two.1) stem thickness: compared with four controls, the BF processing that the present invention develops can increase
The stem thickness of plant, shows significant difference.2) chlorophyll content: compared with four controls, the BF that the present invention develops handles energy
The chlorophyll content for enough increasing plant, shows significant difference.3) plant height: compared with four controls, BF that the present invention develops
Processing can increase the plant height of plant, show significant difference.4) root long: compared with four controls, BF that the present invention develops
Processing can increase the root long of plant, show significant difference.5) overground part fresh weight and dry weight: compared with four controls, this
The BF processing that invention is developed can increase plant above ground portion fresh weight and dry weight, show significant difference.6) underground part fresh weight and
Dry weight: compared with four controls, the BF processing that the present invention develops can increase plant above ground portion fresh weight and dry weight, show significant
Sex differernce.
Test result integrally shows that the trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer BF that the present invention develops can remarkably promote the growth of plant.
Influence of one different disposal of table to corn stem thickness, leaf green content, plant height, root long
Two different disposal of table is to corn overground part fresh weight, dry weight;The influence of underground part fresh weight, dry weight
Claims (7)
1. utilizing the method for stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) reesei spores liquid, spore concentration 1 × 10 are prepared7~9×107A/g;
2) above-mentioned reesei spores liquid is inoculated into molasses culture solution, carries out liquid fermentation production, the condition of fermenting and producing are as follows: fermentation
28 DEG C of temperature, mixing speed is 170~180 revs/min, and fermentation time is 48 ~ 60h, makes biomass dry weight in tunning
6.0~7.0g/L;Molasses culture liquid making method used is, for preparing 1L culture solution: molasses 20g, yeast powder 5g, seven water
Ferrous sulfate 0.1g, bitter salt 1.25g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.0g, ammonium sulfate 5.45g are closed, is settled to 1000 ml, 115
DEG C sterilizing 30 min;
3) stalk of 1.5 ~ 4:1 of mass ratio is mixed with filter mud, adds water, 115 ~ 120 DEG C of sterilizings by 60% ~ 65% water content of mixture
20~30 min;
4) trichoderma fermentation liquid is accessed into the above-mentioned stalk to sterilize, in filtered mud mixture, stirred evenly, carried out solid fermentation, connect
Kind amount is 5% ~ 10%, and 22 ~ 28 DEG C of solid fermentation temperature, fermentation terminates after 7 days;In tunning reesei spores content reach 4 ×
108 A/g or more, water content 30% ~ 40%;Solid fermentation object is mixed with common organic fertilizer 1:8 ~ 10 in mass ratio up to described
Trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer;Reesei spores number is greater than 2 × 10 in the trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer7 A/g fertilizer dry weight, total nitrogen
Phosphorus potassium nutrition is >=5%, and quality of organic matter is than content >=45%.
2. the method according to claim 1 using stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that institute
The reesei spores liquid stated is prepared by the following method: trichoderma being inoculated on PDA plate, entire plate is covered with to it, uses blade
Mycelia is scraped, is filtered with sterile gauze, with aseptic water washing, filters mycelia, is made spore liquid, spore concentration is up to 1 × 107~9
×107A/g, 4 DEG C of refrigerators are saved, are inoculated with spare.
3. the method according to claim 1 using stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that step
It is rapid 2) in the liquid fermentation time be 48 ~ 50h, biomass dry weight is 6.0 ~ 6.5g/L in tunning.
4. the method according to claim 1 using stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that step
It is rapid 3) in stalk, filter mud according to 3 ~ 4:1 of mass ratio mix.
5. the method according to claim 1 using stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that step
It is rapid 4) in solid fermentation object mixed with common organic fertilizer 1:9 in mass ratio up to the trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer.
6. the trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer prepared according to method described in any one of claim 1 ~ 5.
7. trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6 is promoting the application in field planting species growth.
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CN106085871A (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2016-11-09 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of be raw material production Trichoderma spp. solid spawn with amino acid hydrolyticsolution and rice straw method |
CN106348888B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-09-10 | 山东省科学院生态研究所 | A method of trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer is produced using shallot Folium Allii fistulosi waste |
CN108129234A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-08 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of special complete first trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer for restoring old apple tree productivity and its preparation method and application |
CN110156511A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-23 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material |
CN113372177A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-10 | 华强化工集团股份有限公司 | Special biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for garlic and preparation method thereof |
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CN103694007B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-12-30 | 广西金穗生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of secondary fermentation produced for biological organic fertilizer |
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