CN110156511A - A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material - Google Patents
A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110156511A CN110156511A CN201910297128.1A CN201910297128A CN110156511A CN 110156511 A CN110156511 A CN 110156511A CN 201910297128 A CN201910297128 A CN 201910297128A CN 110156511 A CN110156511 A CN 110156511A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fertilizer fields, disclose a kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material, the biological organism is using vegetables residuum as primary raw material, solid state fermentation is carried out after inoculation trichoderma, form product by solid-state fermentation, product by solid-state fermentation is mixed with the mineral humus after mechanical superfine powder processing, obtains biological organic fertilizer.The characteristics of biological organic fertilizer of the present invention includes simultaneously microbial-bacterial fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, organic fertilizer, full-featured, growth-promoting effect is good, and disease resistance is strong.The present invention provides new method for the preparation of Benefit bacteria of biological control trichoderma solid state bacterial, while realizing the higher value application of organic matter and nutrient in vegetables, provides new way for vegetables, crop wastes resource utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field more particularly to a kind of lifes based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material
Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
China is vegetables big country, the world.The vegetable castoff processing problem of huge vegetables industry behind merits attention.According to
Estimation, 3 tons or so of green house of vegetables annual output waste (stem, decayed fruit etc.).80% or more vegetable castoff is not provided
Sourceization utilizes.Especially in facility garden, vegetable castoff bulk deposition phenomenon is generally existing.The vegetables of this bulk deposition are useless
Gurry easily rots in high temperature rainy season, fouls, and sewage is caused to flow over, and not only influences farming operations and communications and transportation, also holds
Germ is easily propagated, the environmental sanitation of pollution-free vegetable production base is influenced.Further, since containing a large amount of mineral elements and pest and disease damage
Tissue, the direct contaminated soil of penetrating fluid and water body that vegetable castoff accumulation generates, the pollution of area source of generation can be much larger than work
Point-source pollution caused by industry produces.
China's vegetable castoff is mainly leaf vegetables, rhizome vegetable and a large amount of rhizome branches and tendrils without commodity value etc.,
Wherein leaf vegetables waste can account for the 71% of whole vegetable castoff total amounts.With the crop materials phase such as wheat, rice
Have than, vegetable castoff perishable, the features such as moisture content is high, and nutrient is abundant and basic nonhazardous.Although vegetables
Waste has seasonality, but in terms of butt, vegetable castoff is averaged C/N value 11.04, nitrogen content 3.45%, phosphorus content
0.84%, potassium content 2.46%, pH value 7, wherein the source the C such as carbohydrate and hemicellulose level that easily utilize be 75% or so,
It is markedly different from the crop materials such as wheat, rice (C/N ratio 65-85: 1, content of cellulose 30%-50%).
Trichoderma belongs to Fungi Imperfecti door, hyphomycetales, and trichoderma has multiple functions, and industrial or agricultural is widely used.Trichoderma is public
Recognizing is Benefit bacteria of biological control a kind of generally existing and with Important Economic meaning, with it efficiently, safely, be not easy to cause the anti-medicine of pathogen
The characteristics of property, important function has been played in the biological control using sustainable development as objective, be used as biocontrol agent the U.S.,
The country such as India, Sweden merchandized handling.A large amount of researchs both at home and abroad existing at present report trichoderma concentration type biological organic fertilizer pair
The positive effect of plant growth, nutrien utilization, Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied and inhibition nitrous oxide isothermal chamber gas discharge etc..For example, utilizing
Strengthen the biological organic fertilizer of kitchen waste compost preparation using Trichoderma harzianum in leaf mustard plantation, it is possible to reduce 50% chemical fertilizer is used
Amount, increases by 5.34% shepherd's purse yield, while improving the soil organism.Trichoderma as biological pesticide, biological bactericide product always by
To very big concern and welcome, trichoderma, which is added to organic fertilizer, or is directly applied to soil can prevent and treat the phytopathies such as wilt disease
Evil.
Existing research at present reports that trichoderma carries out solid state fermentation by primary raw material of crop materials such as rice, wheats, but not
Have been reported that carrying out solid state fermentation as primary raw material using vegetables residuum produces trichoderma fermentation material.Humic acid fertilizer is rich in humic acid
Filler material of the substance as fertilizer Source Organic Matter or as inorganic fertilizer fertilizer variety produced.Country's mineral humic acid at present
Fertilizer development is concentrated mainly on raw coal pretreatment and humic acid extracts and the effect of humic acid and inorganic nutrients, and shorter mention is rotten
Grow the effect between sour fertilizer and microorganism.Although existing trichoderma fermenting lignocellulose material forms the report of biochemical humic acid
Road, but find no and be related to the research of trichoderma mineral humic acid.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides one kind to be fermented based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma
Biological organic fertilizer of object and preparation method thereof, it is an object of the invention to open for the practical problem and demand in production practices
Hair is utilized using trichoderma as function strain, solid state fermentation vegetables residuum, and by compounding with ball milling mineral humus, develops one kind
Biological organic fertilizer formula and technique realize the high-valued of vegetable castoff, which includes simultaneously microbial-bacterial fertilizer, corruption
The characteristics of growing sour fertilizer, organic fertilizer, full-featured, growth-promoting effect is good, and disease resistance is strong.
The specific technical proposal of the invention is: a kind of biology based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material has
Machine fertilizer carries out solid state fermentation after being inoculated with trichoderma, product by solid-state fermentation is formed, by solid state fermentation using vegetables residuum as primary raw material
Product is mixed with ball milling mineral humus, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Team of the present invention chances in the course of the research, and under specific solid state fermentation conditions, trichoderma asperellum can be
Fast-growth produces spore in the mixture of vegetables residuum and crops stalks, forms trichoderma solid-state fermentation content, contains wood in the fermentation material
Mould spore, mycelia and active metabolite.Vegetables residuum is raw for trichoderma as a kind of nutrient and the higher material of soluble sugar content
Length provides soluble carbon nitrogen and mineral origin abundant.In addition, by trichoderma fermentation material and specifically rotten according to specific ratio
Biological organic fertilizer is obtained after growing matter compounding, significant synergistic function can occur, compared with common humic acid fertilizer, compounding
Strong alkaline substance is not contained in the humus used, between pH 5~6, in biological organic fertilizer that acquisition compound with this humus
Trichoderma survival rate with higher, and the mineral humic acid containing high-content.Biology resulting under the above specified conditions has
Machine fertilizer has both the function of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, organic fertilizer, sends out in effect with single humic acid fertilizer and trichoderma
Ferment object, which is compared, has significant advantage.
To sum up, the present invention while realizing in vegetables with vegetable castoff for main fermentation raw material mass propagation trichoderma strain
It is applied to vegetable growing simultaneously by the higher value application of organic matter and nutrient, is a kind of important ecological circulation utilization technology.
After trichoderma fermentation material is compounded with specific humus according to fixed ratio simultaneously, not only trichoderma in the biological organic fertilizer of acquisition
Survival rate with higher is also rich in mineral humic acid and trichoderma active metabolite, has both microbial-bacterial fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer
The function of material, organic fertilizer, growth-promoting and disease resisting effect are better than common trichoderma biological organic fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer.
Preferably, the vegetables residuum is in leaf vegetables and/or rhizome vegetable production process or harvest is remaining later
Leaf, root, stem, cutting and grinding to 1cm hereinafter, to promote vegetables residuum fast decoupled and mineral nutrients release, help wood
Mould fast decoupled absorbs the nutrient in raw material, increases growth and produces spore speed.
Preferably, the crop material is to be crushed in 10 mesh soybean stalk below, wheat stalk and rice straw
At least one.
Preferably, the ball milling mineral humus the preparation method comprises the following steps: with biologies such as natural peat, lignite, weathered coals
Septage is raw material, is ground to ultra-fine particles by mechanical superfine powder processing technology, and for granularity less than 1000 mesh, finished product is deep brown
Color ultramicro powder.
The present invention uses above-mentioned specific ball milling mineral humus, compared with common untreated weathered coal, containing higher
Free humic, compared with the pure humic acid of extraction, the humic acid type contained is more abundant, and nutrient is more complete.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the vegetables residuum and crop material is 10~20: 10；The ball milling mineral humus
Mass ratio with product by solid-state fermentation is 1~2: 1, under this proportion, 3 months of trichoderma strain in organic bio-fertilizer obtained
Survival rate highest, reesei spores number are greater than 2 × 107A/g fertilizer butt, and guarantee that the content of organic matter 45% or more, reaches raw
Organic fertilizer material standard NY884-2012.
The inventors discovered that the effect of gained organic bio-fertilizer is best under above-mentioned specific proportion.
Preferably, the trichoderma is trichoderma asperellum.It is further preferred that trichoderma asperellum is trichoderma asperellum T-1, it is preserved in
China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, deposit number are CGMCC No.9722.The strain
Optimal pH is that 6.0, pH adaptability is wider, can be grown between pH=4-10, the growth and breeding in vegetables residuum culture medium
Well.
A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) trichoderma seed liquor is prepared, trichoderma viable count is 1 × 108~5 × 108A/mL.
(2) vegetables residuum is mixed with crop material, while adding quality is vegetables residuum and crop material gross mass 8-
12% nutrient solution, pH control 5~6,115~121 DEG C moist heat sterilization 20~30 minutes, mixed raw material is made, moisture content exists
60-70wt%.
(3) trichoderma seed liquor is inoculated into mixed raw material, is stirred evenly, carry out solid state fermentation, seed liquor adds quality
For the 8-12% of vegetables residuum and crop material gross mass, 22-30 DEG C of solid-state fermentation temperature, ferments 5-7 days, obtain solid state fermentation
Product；Reesei spores content is 1 × 10 in product by solid-state fermentation8A/g or more.
(4) product by solid-state fermentation air drying to moisture content is less than 40wt%, is mixed to get with ball milling mineral humus
Biological organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the process for solid state fermentation are as follows: mixed raw material is tiled into vessel, after tiling with a thickness of 2~
Trichoderma seed liquor is uniformly sprayed onto mixed raw material surface by 3cm, and stirring carries out solid-state after carrying out surface covering with multilayer gauze
Fermentation.
Team of the present invention is finding afterwards after study, and solid state fermentation is carried out under above-mentioned specific thicknesses, and trichoderma connects with air
Contacting surface is suitable and moisture is not easy to evaporate too fast, has optimal production spore ability.
Preferably, containing NaNO in the nutrient solution in terms of every 1000mL water31.8-2.2g, KH2PO4 1.4-
1.6g, CaCl20.25-0.35g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.25-0.35g, FeSO4·7H2O 0.004-0.006g, MnSO4·
H2O 0.0014-0.0018g, ZnSO4·H2O 0.0012-0.0016g, CoCl20.0004-0.0006g, water 1000mL.
Preferably, trichoderma liquid seeds liquid and preparation method thereof are as follows: bacterial strain activation culture connects trichoderma strain slant preservation object
Kind arrives PDA plate, is placed at 25 DEG C -30 DEG C and cultivates 3-5 days, until forming a large amount of spores, (contains 0.1% using sterile water
Tween80), spore and mycelia are washed down, plating method measures viable count, and viable count is maintained at 1 × 10 by diluting8
~5 × 108CFU/mL。
Biological organic fertilizer is promoting vegetable growth and is inhibiting the application in sharp knife sickle-like bacteria.
It is compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) there is the Benefit bacteria of biological control of the disease-resistant function of growth-promoting using vegetables, crop wastes as fermentation raw material mass propagation, develop and obtain
Trichoderma solid-state fermentation content in contain reesei spores, mycelia and active metabolite, and viable count is 1 × 108CFU/g or more is
The preparation of trichoderma solid state bacterial provides new method, while realizing the higher value application of organic matter and nutrient in vegetables, is vegetables, makees
Object utilization of waste as resource provides new way.
(2) it by compounding trichoderma fermentation material with specific humus, develops acquisition and has both microbial-bacterial fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer
The ecological multifunction fertilizer of material and organic fertilizer function, growth-promoting and disease resisting effect are better than common trichoderma biological organic fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer
Material.
(3) it is compounded using ball milling mineral humus with trichoderma fermentation material, compared with common untreated weathered coal, can be made
Biological organic fertilizer contains higher free humic；With potassium humate, sodium humate etc. by highly basic treated humic acid fertilizer
Material is compared, and the survival rate of trichoderma is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Growing state after cucumber seedling is transplanted 2 weeks under Fig. 1 different fertilization.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the examples below.
Total embodiment
A kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material, using vegetables residuum as primary raw material,
Inoculation trichoderma (preferably trichoderma asperellum) carries out solid state fermentation afterwards, product by solid-state fermentation is formed, by product by solid-state fermentation and ball milling mine
The mixing of object humus, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Wherein, the mass ratio of vegetables residuum and crop material is 10~20: 10；Ball milling mineral humus and Produced by Solid-state Fermentation
The mass ratio of object is 1~2: 1.Reesei spores number is greater than 2 × 10 in biological organic fertilizer7A/g fertilizer butt, the content of organic matter are big
In 45%.
The vegetables residuum be remaining leaf in leaf vegetables and/or rhizome vegetable production process or after harvest, root,
Stem cuts or is crushed to 1cm or less.The crop material is crushed to 10 mesh soybean stalk below, wheat stalk and rice straw
At least one of stalk.The ball milling mineral humus is ball milling weathered coal of the granularity less than 1000 mesh.The ball milling mineral are rotten
Grow matter using the biological septage such as natural peat, lignite, weathered coal as raw material by mechanical superfine powder the preparation method comprises the following steps: processed
Technology is ground to ultra-fine particles, and for granularity less than 1000 mesh, finished product is dark brown ultramicro powder.
A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) trichoderma seed liquor is prepared, trichoderma viable count is 1 × 108~5 × 108A/mL.
(2) vegetables residuum is mixed with crop material, while adding quality is vegetables residuum and crop material gross mass 8-
12% nutrient solution, pH control 5~6,115~121 DEG C moist heat sterilization 20~30 minutes, mixed raw material is made, moisture content exists
60-70wt%.
Wherein, in terms of every 1000mL water, contain NaNO in the nutrient solution31.8-2.2g, KH2PO41.4-1.6g
CaCl20.25-0.35g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.25-0.35g, FeSO4·7H2O 0.004-0.006g, MnSO4·H2O
0.0014-0.0018g, ZnSO4·H2O 0.0012-0.0016g, CoCl20.0004-0.0006g, water 1000mL.
(3) mixed raw material is tiled into vessel, with a thickness of 2~3cm after tiling, trichoderma seed liquor is uniformly sprayed onto mixed
Raw material surface is closed, stirring carries out solid state fermentation after carrying out surface covering with multilayer gauze, seed liquor additive amount is 8-12%, Gu
22-30 DEG C of state fermentation temperature ferments 5-7 days, obtains product by solid-state fermentation；In product by solid-state fermentation reesei spores content 1 ×
108A/g or more.
(4) product by solid-state fermentation air drying to moisture content is less than 40wt%, is mixed to get with ball milling mineral humus
Biological organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
1, solid fermentation culture medium is prepared
Leaf vegetables residuum is derived from vegetables greenhouse cultivation base, based on leaf lettuce, including a small amount of cabbage and cauliflower, it receives
1cm or less is cut to after collection.Wheat stalk is crushed to 10 mesh or less.The ratio for being 10: 10 in amount of solid, by the vegetable of cutting and grinding
Dish residuum is mixed with wheat stalk.Then the ratio for being 10% in solid-liquid amount, in wheat stalk and vegetables residuum mixture
Middle addition culture solution, 121 DEG C of high pressure sterilization 20min, the solid medium after cooling as trichoderma asperellum T-1.Wherein culture solution
Formula are as follows: NaNO32g, KH2PO41.5g, CaCl20.3g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.3g, FeSO4·7H2O 0.005g,
MnSO4· H2O 0.0016g, ZnSO4·H2O 0.0014g, CoCl20.0005g, water 1000mL, pH 4.5.
2, prepared by trichoderma liquid seeds liquid
Trichoderma asperellum T-1 bacterial strain slant preservation object is inoculated into PDA plate, is placed at 28 DEG C and cultivates 4 days by bacterial strain activation culture,
Spore and mycelia are washed down using sterile water (containing 0.1%Tween80) until forming a large amount of spores, plating method measurement
Viable count is maintained at 1 × 10 by diluting by viable count8~5 × 108CFU/mL。
3, solid state fermentation
By in the blue turnover basin of the solid medium tiling of preparation to 20 × 15 × 6.5cm of size, depth is 2~3cm.According to
Trichoderma liquid seeds liquid is accessed trichoderma by 10% inoculum concentration, and 28 DEG C of fermentations are fermented 7 days.Trichoderma fermentation material after fermentation is put
In 35 DEG C or so of air dry oven, moisture content is reduced to 40% or less.Trichoderma viable count is measured using PDA plate,
Substantially 1 × 108It is more than a/gram dry weight.
4, it is compounded with mineral humus and prepares trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer
Humic quality sample is derived from Pujiang Feng Yu company, is ball milling weathered coal, 1000 mesh of granularity <, water content 19%, organic matter contains
Measure 90%, pH 5.0.Solid-state fermentation content is mixed with ball milling mineral humus according to mass ratio 2: 1, as biological organic fertilizer,
Trichoderma viable count is greater than 2 × 107A/gram dry weight, the content of organic matter are greater than 45%.
5, soil incubation is tested
Soil is Fusarium oxysporum sick soil of the acquisition from Ningbo.Carry out indoor soil incubation, is packed into 50g in 250mL culture bottle
Soil sample.Test sets 4 processing: (CK) space management；(T1) humic acid fertilizer is derived from Pujiang Feng Yu company；(T2) solid state fermentation
Object (step (3) gains i.e. of the present invention)；(T3) 1 biological organic fertilizer of embodiment.Three repetitions.It is placed in 28 DEG C of incubators and trains
It supports, humidity 75%, regular replenishment moisture.It is once sampled every a period of time.Using in fluorescence quantitative PCR method measurement soil
Fusarium oxysporum quantity.It the results are shown in Table 1, humic acid fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer and solid-state fermentation content effectively can inhibit continuous cropping to hinder
Hinder the growth of wilt sharp knife sickle-like bacteria in soil, but the fungistatic effect of the biological organic fertilizer of embodiment 1 is best, and and other
Group is compared to marked improvement.
Sharp knife sickle-like bacteria quantity (copy number/g) in continuous cropping obstacle soil under 1 different disposal of table
6, pot experiment
Carry out pot experiment, potted plant is cucumber (silver-colored embryo 99)；Soil is Fusarium oxysporum sick soil of the acquisition from Ningbo.Test
If 3 processing: (CK) space management；(T1) humic acid fertilizer；(T2) 1 biological organic fertilizer of embodiment.Selected stalwartness in the same size
The hot-water soak 15 minutes of 50 DEG C of cucumber seeds, then impregnated 6 hours in normal-temperature water, be placed on indoor 24 hours later, finally
The seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is seeded into seedlings nursing plate, when cucumber seedling grow to tri-leaf period be choose cucumber seedling of the same size transplanting in
In potting, 3 seedling of every basin, 5 basins of each processing, totally 15 disk, total 45 cucumber seedlings.Potting is placed in greenhouse and cultivates, greenhouse
28 DEG C~30 DEG C, humidity is 60%~70%, periodically watering and soil sampling.Using point in fluorescence quantitative PCR method measurement soil
Fusarium oxysporum quantity.Observe cucumber growth situation.As a result it is found that applying humic acid fertilizer and the life of embodiment 1 in cucumber cultivation
Organic fertilizer can effectively inhibit the growth (table 2) of sharp knife sickle-like bacteria in soil, increase the disease resistance of cucumber, reduce strain of dying of illness
Quantity (table 3) promotes cucumber growth, and wherein 1 biological organic fertilizer of embodiment promotees cucumber seedling growth and the best (figure of disease resisting effect
1)。
Sharp knife sickle-like bacteria quantity (copy number/g) in soil under different disposal under 2 cucumber condition of pot of table
Strain number amount of dying of illness after the transplanting of 3 cucumber seedling of table 13 days
| Processing | Diseased plant (is free of dead strain) | Dead strain |
| CK (15 plants) | 1 | 7 |
| T1 (15 plants) | 2 | 3 |
| T2 (15 plants) | 0 | 1 |
Embodiment 2
A kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material is with crop material with vegetables residuum
Primary raw material, inoculation carry out solid state fermentation after selecting trichoderma asperellum, product by solid-state fermentation are formed, by product by solid-state fermentation and ball milling mine
The mixing of object humus, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Wherein, the mass ratio of vegetables residuum and crop material is 15: 10；Ball milling mineral humus and product by solid-state fermentation
Mass ratio is 1.5: 1.Reesei spores number is greater than 2 × 10 in biological organic fertilizer7A/g fertilizer butt, the content of organic matter are greater than
45%.
The vegetables residuum is remaining leaf, root, stem, powder in leaf vegetables and rhizome vegetable production process or after harvest
It is broken to 1cm or less.The crop material is crushed to 10 mesh soybean stalk below.The ball milling mineral humus is less than for granularity
The ball milling weathered coal of 1000 mesh.
A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) trichoderma seed liquor is prepared, trichoderma viable count is 2.5 × 108A/mL.
(2) vegetables residuum is mixed with crop material, while adding quality is vegetables residuum and crop material gross mass
10% nutrient solution, pH control 5~6,118 DEG C moist heat sterilization 25 minutes, mixed raw material is made, moisture content is in 65wt%.
Wherein, contain NaNO in the nutrient solution32g, KH2PO41.5g, CaCl20.3g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.3g,
FeSO4·7H2O 0.005g, MnSO4·H2O 0.0016g, ZnSO4·H2O 0.0014g, CoCl20.0005g, water
1000mL。
(3) mixed raw material is tiled into vessel, with a thickness of 2.5cm after tiling, trichoderma seed liquor is uniformly sprayed onto mixed
Raw material surface is closed, stirring carries out solid state fermentation, inoculum concentration 8%, solid-state fermentation temperature after carrying out surface covering with multilayer gauze
It 26 DEG C, ferments 6 days, obtains product by solid-state fermentation；Reesei spores content is 1 × 10 in product by solid-state fermentation8A/g or more.
(4) product by solid-state fermentation air drying to moisture content is less than 40wt%, is mixed to get with ball milling mineral humus
Biological organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material is with crop material with vegetables residuum
Primary raw material carries out solid state fermentation after being inoculated with trichoderma, product by solid-state fermentation is formed, by product by solid-state fermentation and ball milling mineral humic
Matter mixing, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Wherein, the mass ratio of vegetables residuum and crop material is 10: 10；Ball milling mineral humus and product by solid-state fermentation
Mass ratio is 1: 1.Reesei spores number 3 × 10 in biological organic fertilizer7A/g fertilizer butt, the content of organic matter are greater than 45%.
The vegetables residuum be leaf vegetables production process in or harvest after remaining leaf, root, stem, be cut to 1cm
Below.The crop material is crushed to 10 mesh rice straw below.The ball milling mineral humus is granularity less than 1000 mesh
Ball milling weathered coal.
A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) trichoderma seed liquor is prepared, trichoderma viable count is 1 × 108A/mL.
(2) vegetables residuum is mixed with crop material, while adding quality is vegetables residuum and crop material gross mass 8%
Nutrient solution, pH control 5~6,115 DEG C moist heat sterilization 30 minutes, mixed raw material is made, moisture content is in 60wt%.
Wherein, contain NaNO in nutrient solution31.8-2.2g, KH2PO41.4g, CaCl20.35g, MgSO4·7H2O
0.25g, FeSO4·7H2O0.006g, MnSO4·H2O 0.0014g, ZnSO4·H2O 0.0016g, CoCl20.0004g, water
1000mL。
(3) mixed raw material is tiled into vessel, with a thickness of 2cm after tiling, trichoderma seed liquor is uniformly sprayed onto mixing
Raw material surface, stirring, carries out solid state fermentation, inoculum concentration 12%, solid-state fermentation temperature after carrying out surface covering with multilayer gauze
It 22 DEG C, ferments 7 days, obtains product by solid-state fermentation；Reesei spores content is 1 × 10 in product by solid-state fermentation8A/g or more.
(4) product by solid-state fermentation air drying to moisture content is less than 40wt%, is mixed to get with ball milling mineral humus
Biological organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
A kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material is with crop material with vegetables residuum
Primary raw material carries out solid state fermentation after being inoculated with trichoderma, product by solid-state fermentation is formed, by product by solid-state fermentation and ball milling mineral humic
Matter mixing, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Wherein, the mass ratio of vegetables residuum and crop material is 20: 10；Ball milling mineral humus and product by solid-state fermentation
Mass ratio is 2: 1.Reesei spores number is greater than 3 × 10 in biological organic fertilizer7A/g fertilizer butt, the content of organic matter are greater than 45%.
The vegetables residuum be rhizome vegetable production process in or harvest after remaining leaf, root, stem, be crushed to 3cm
Below.The crop material is crushed to 10 mesh soybean stalk below.The ball milling mineral humus is granularity less than 1000 mesh
Ball milling weathered coal.
A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) trichoderma seed liquor is prepared, trichoderma viable count is 5 × 108A/mL.
(2) vegetables residuum is mixed with crop material, while adding quality is vegetables residuum and crop material gross mass
12% nutrient solution, pH control 5~6,121 DEG C moist heat sterilization 20 minutes, mixed raw material is made, moisture content is in 70wt%.
Wherein, contain NaNO in nutrient solution32.2g, KH2PO41.4g, CaCl20.35g, MgSO4·7H2O 0.25g,
FeSO4·7H2O 0.006g, MnSO4·H2O 0.0014g, ZnSO4·H2O0.0016g, CoCl20.0004g, water 1000mL.
(3) mixed raw material is tiled into vessel, with a thickness of 3cm after tiling, trichoderma seed liquor is uniformly sprayed onto mixing
Raw material surface, stirring, carries out solid state fermentation, inoculum concentration 9%, solid-state fermentation temperature 30 after carrying out surface covering with multilayer gauze
DEG C, it ferments 5 days, obtains product by solid-state fermentation；Reesei spores content is 1 × 10 in product by solid-state fermentation8A/g or more.
(4) product by solid-state fermentation air drying to moisture content is less than 40wt%, is mixed to get with ball milling mineral humus
Biological organic fertilizer.
Raw materials used in the present invention, equipment is unless otherwise noted the common raw material, equipment of this field；In the present invention
Method therefor is unless otherwise noted the conventional method of this field.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention
Technical spirit any simple modification, change and equivalent transformation to the above embodiments, still fall within the technology of the present invention side
The protection scope of case.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material, it is characterised in that: after crushing
Vegetables residuum be primary raw material, after mix with crop material, carry out solid state fermentation after being inoculated with trichoderma, formation Produced by Solid-state Fermentation
Product by solid-state fermentation is mixed with ball milling mineral humus, obtains biological organic fertilizer by object.
2. a kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material as described in claim 1,
Be characterized in that, the vegetables residuum be remaining leaf in leaf vegetables and/or rhizome vegetable production process or after harvest, root,
Stem, cutting and grinding to 1 cm or less；
The crop material is to be crushed at least one of 10 mesh soybean stalk below, wheat stalk and rice straw.
3. a kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material as described in claim 1,
Be characterized in that, the ball milling mineral humus the preparation method comprises the following steps: using biological septage as raw material, be ground to granularity less than 1000
Purpose ultra-fine particles.
4. a kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the mass ratio of the vegetables residuum and crop material is 10 ~ 20:10；The ball milling mineral humus and solid-state are sent out
The mass ratio of ferment product is 1 ~ 2:1.
5. a kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, reesei spores number is greater than 2 × 10 in the biological organic fertilizer7A/g fertilizer butt, the content of organic matter are greater than 45%.
6. a kind of biological organic fertilizer based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the trichoderma is trichoderma asperellum.
7. a kind of preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer as described in one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) trichoderma seed liquor is prepared, trichoderma viable count is 1 × 108~5×108A/mL；
(2) vegetables residuum is mixed with crop material, while adding quality is vegetables residuum and crop material gross mass 8-12%
Nutrient solution, pH control in 5-6,115 ~ 121 DEG C moist heat sterilization 20 ~ 30 minutes, mixed raw material is made, moisture content is in 60-70wt%；
(3) trichoderma seed liquor is inoculated into mixed raw material, is stirred evenly, carry out solid state fermentation, it is vegetable that seed liquor, which adds quality,
The 8-12% of dish residuum and crop material gross mass, ferments 5-7 days, obtains product by solid-state fermentation by 22-30 DEG C of solid-state fermentation temperature；
Reesei spores content is 1 × 10 in product by solid-state fermentation8A/g or more；
(4) product by solid-state fermentation air drying to moisture content is less than 40wt%, being mixed to get biology with ball milling mineral humus has
Machine fertilizer.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that in step (3), the process for solid state fermentation are as follows: will mix
It closes raw material to tile into vessel, with a thickness of 2 ~ 3cm after tiling, trichoderma seed liquor is uniformly sprayed onto mixed raw material surface, stir,
Solid state fermentation is carried out after carrying out surface covering with multilayer gauze.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that in terms of every 1000mL water, contain in the nutrient solution
NaNO31.8-2.2g, KH2PO41.4-1.6g, CaCl20.25-0.35g, MgSO4• 7H2O 0.25-0.35 g, FeSO4•
7H2O 0.004-0.006 g, MnSO4• H2O 0.0014-0.0018g, ZnSO4• H2O 0.0012-0.0016g, CoCl2
0.0004-0.0006g, water 1000mL.
10. biological organic fertilizer as described in claim 1 is promoting vegetable growth and is inhibiting the application in sharp knife sickle-like bacteria.
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| CN113322284A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-31 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for reducing bioavailability of heavy metal in straw and application thereof |
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