CN105016793A - Organic fertilizer prepared by using stems and leaves of fruit of towel gourd and balsam pear - Google Patents

Organic fertilizer prepared by using stems and leaves of fruit of towel gourd and balsam pear Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105016793A
CN105016793A CN201510447554.0A CN201510447554A CN105016793A CN 105016793 A CN105016793 A CN 105016793A CN 201510447554 A CN201510447554 A CN 201510447554A CN 105016793 A CN105016793 A CN 105016793A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
organic fertilizer
basic material
cauline leaf
balsam pear
glucose
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Pending
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CN201510447554.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
戴勤
王冬梅
李慧珍
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Wuhu Oubiao Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Wuhu Oubiao Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510447554.0A priority Critical patent/CN105016793A/en
Publication of CN105016793A publication Critical patent/CN105016793A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention provides an organic fertilizer prepared by using stems and leaves of fruit of towel gourd and balsam pear, relating to a novel organic fertilizer with excellent effects. The fertilizer is prepared by using stems and leaves of fruit of towel gourd and balsam pear in a mass ratio of 1 to 1 as basic materials and adopting a solid fermentation method. The organic fertilizer can achieve the effects of obviously increasing the yields of crops and controlling sclerotinia rot of colza to a certain extent.

Description

The organic fertilizer that a kind of sponge gourd cauline leaf and balsam pear cauline leaf are made
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, especially organic fertilizer technical field.
Background technology
Organic substance in organic fertilizer and nutritive substance are all very abundant, can not only provide required nutrient, can also improve crop yield, improve crop quality, preservation of fertility for the growth of crop, can improve utilization rate of fertilizer simultaneously, reduce production cost.
Along with the raising of people's living standard, the demand of free of contamination organic, the green food of safety and sanitation is in continuous increase, and vast farmers improves the market competitiveness of agricultural-food in the urgent need to application of organic fertilizers.At present, western countries' organic fertilizer consumptions such as the U.S. have accounted for 50% of total amount, and China's Organic fertilizer industry merchandized handling begins to take shape, and using on a large scale of farmland is not yet universal, and institute's accounting is less than 10%.
Rape is the main oil crops of China, and sclerotinia rot of colza is one of important disease in Rape-seed production, and long-term strain sickness rate is up to 10% ~ 30%, and serious reaches more than 80%; The general underproduction 10% ~ 70% of diseased plant.
The Pathogenic Strains sclerotinite (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary) of sclerotinia rot of colza, belongs to Ascomycotina fungi.Sclerotium Long Circle, to irregular shape, like mouse excrement shape, grays after first white, inner canescence.Grow 1 after sclerotial germination to the meat tawny plate-like apothecium of multiple tool long handle, on dish raw one deck ascus and lateral filament, the colourless club-like of ascus, include the colourless thecaspore of unit cell 8, lateral filament is colourless, thread, half-cooked between ascus.
Sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) climbs up by holding on to herbaceous plant for Curcurbitaceae, and sponge gourd root system is powerful.The climing property of stem, five ribs, green, main climing and lateral bine growth is all in great numbers, stipes tool divides branch tendril, easily raw adventive root.In all have both at home and abroad distribution and cultivation.Fruit is summer vegetable, and contained all kinds of nutrition is higher in melon food, and the materials such as contained saponins, luffein, lymphatic temperament, wood glue, citrulline, xylan and Interferon, rabbit have certain special role.Cauline leaf is usually abandoned by as agricultural wastes, both pollutes environment, causes again the waste of resource.
Balsam pear (Balsam pear) has another name called balsam pear, is cucurbitaceous plant, is annual climbing herb, edible, have very high value, fruit is containing Charantin (Charantin), bitter, summer eats, and has effect of cooling and heatstroke-eliminating, heat-clearing and fire-reducing.Cauline leaf is usually abandoned by as agricultural wastes, both pollutes environment, causes again the waste of resource.
Healthy and free from worry wood mould (Trichoderma koningii), bacterium number is: CICC 40108.
Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), bacterium number is: CICC 2157.
In prior art, not yet useful sponge gourd cauline leaf and balsam pear cauline leaf are the report that main raw material prepares organic fertilizer, more not with the report of this fertilizer control sclerotinia rot of colza.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind ofly can prevent and treat sclerotinia rot of colza and the organic fertilizer of fertility excellence.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes following technical proposal:
The organic fertilizer that sponge gourd cauline leaf and balsam pear cauline leaf are made, is characterized in that, described organic fertilizer take mass ratio as raw material based on the sponge gourd cauline leaf of 1:1 and balsam pear cauline leaf, adopts solid fermentation method preparation and obtain.
Described solid fermentation method comprises the following steps:
(1) strain expanded culture: get that healthy and free from worry wood is mould, aspergillus niger, is inoculated in liquid PDA substratum, and shaking table is cultivated and expanded, obtained containing bacterium liquid;
(2) solid medium preparation: get described basic material, pulverize, insert 70-90 DEG C of baking oven inner drying, the ratio adding 400-600g water and 1-3g glucose in every 100g basic material adds water and glucose, mixes, as solid medium;
(3) solid fermentation: the ratio added containing bacterium liquid described in 10-30mL in every 100g basic material is inoculated, and cultivates 8-12 days under 28-35 DEG C of condition;
(4) sterilizing, drying: get (3) step gained material, autoclaving, insert 100 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, to obtain final product.
Strain expanded culture liquid PDA substratum used is the PDA substratum not adding agar, its preparation method takes 200g potato, clean peeling is cut into small pieces, the 1000ml that adds water boils half hour or steaming and decocting under high pressure 20 minutes, filtered through gauze, then add 10-20g glucose, filtered through gauze while hot after fully dissolving, packing test tube, after about sterilizing, taking-up storage is for subsequent use.
Preferably, described (2) step, the drying temperature of basic material is 80 DEG C.
Preferably, described (2) step, the quality that every 100g basic material adds water is 500g.
Preferably, described (2) step, the quality that every 100g basic material adds glucose is 2g.
Preferably, described (3) step, the volume that every 100g basic material adds containing bacterium liquid is 20mL.
Beneficial effect of the present invention can be proved by following test
Test example 1 manure trial
Material and reagent
Organic fertilizer 1 (being designated as examination group 1) of the present invention, prepares by embodiment 1; Organic fertilizer 2 (being designated as examination group 2) of the present invention, prepares by embodiment 2; Organic fertilizer 3 (being designated as examination group 3) of the present invention, prepares by embodiment 3.
Shanghai heat resistanceheat resistant 605 green vegetables seed.
Test method
Adopt randomized block design method design pot experiment.Get volume identical, the flowerpot that shape is consistent, be divided into for examination group (1,2,3) and blank group.For trying fertilizer according to clay fertilizer than 7:3 and mixing with soil, will irrigate with water after loading flowerpot, as supplying examination group (1,2,3); Blank group does not add fertilizer.Often organize test 10 basin, every basin is sowed 9 Shanghai heat resistanceheat resistant 605 seeds and (is considered the percentage of germination of seed, the point that 3 spacing are identical is fixed in flowerpot, each point puts 3 seeds, thinning after germinateing, each point only retains one and grows, and the consistent seedling of growing way), after planting sprinkle one deck dirt (form through high-temperature firing, prevent seed contamination) alive.
Cultivation Shanghai heat resistanceheat resistant 605 green vegetables of 40 days are plucked and weighs, record the growing state of each group of Shanghai heat resistanceheat resistant 605 green vegetables.
Test-results
Test-results is in table 1, and result shows, organic fertilizer of the present invention can improve the output of crop.
The impact that table 1 organic fertilizer of the present invention grows Shanghai heat resistanceheat resistant 605 green vegetables
Process Plant height (cm) Strain heavy (g) Degree of development (cm) The number of blade
For examination group 1 24.9 85.4 26.4 11.3
For examination group 2 24.7 84.3 25.9 11.5
For examination group 3 25.6 87.2 27.8 12.6
Blank group 20.4 74.9 21.9 8.8
Test example 2 is on the impact of rape sclerotinite sclerotial germination rate
Material and reagent
Organic fertilizer 1 (being designated as examination group 1) of the present invention, prepares by embodiment 1; Organic fertilizer 2 (being designated as examination group 2) of the present invention, prepares by embodiment 2; Organic fertilizer 3 (being designated as examination group 3) of the present invention, prepares by embodiment 3.
Rape sclerotinite (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary).
Test method
Adopt randomized block design method design pot experiment.Get volume identical, the flowerpot that shape is consistent, be divided into for examination group (1,2,3) and blank group.For trying fertilizer according to clay fertilizer than 7:3 and mixing with soil, will irrigate with water after loading flowerpot, as supplying examination group (1,2,3); Blank group does not add fertilizer.Often organize test 3 basin, load 21 sclerotinia rot of colza sclerotium, length of embedment 2cm with the little mesh bag 5cm × 5cm of nylon, when 60 days, measure the germination rate of sclerotium with potato sucrose substratum (PDA).
Test-results
Test-results is in table 2, and result shows, organic fertilizer of the present invention significantly can reduce the germination rate of rape nuclear disk sclerotium, has certain preventive and therapeutic effect to sclerotinia rot of colza.
Table 2 organic fertilizer of the present invention is on the impact of nuclear disk sclerotium germination rate
Process Germination rate (%)
For examination group 1 24.6
For examination group 2 25.3
For examination group 3 23.7
Control group 41.3
In order to better set forth technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but protection domain of the presently claimed invention is not limited to the following example.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of organic fertilizer is as follows:
(1) strain expanded culture: get that healthy and free from worry wood is mould, aspergillus niger, is inoculated in liquid PDA substratum, and shaking table is cultivated and expanded, obtained containing bacterium liquid;
(2) solid medium preparation: take 1 part of sponge gourd cauline leaf and 1 part of balsam pear cauline leaf by quality, pulverize, insert 70 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, the ratio adding 400g water and 1g glucose in every 100g basic material adds water and glucose, mix, as solid medium;
(3) solid fermentation: the ratio added containing bacterium liquid described in 10mL in every 100g basic material is inoculated, cultivates 8 days under 28-35 DEG C of condition;
(4) sterilizing, drying: get (3) step gained material, autoclaving, insert 100 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of organic fertilizer is as follows:
(1) strain expanded culture: get that healthy and free from worry wood is mould, aspergillus niger, is inoculated in liquid PDA substratum, and shaking table is cultivated and expanded, obtained containing bacterium liquid;
(2) solid medium preparation: take 1 part of sponge gourd cauline leaf and 1 part of balsam pear cauline leaf by quality, pulverize, insert 90 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, the ratio adding 600g water and 3g glucose in every 100g basic material adds water and glucose, mix, as solid medium;
(3) solid fermentation: the ratio added containing bacterium liquid described in 30mL in every 100g basic material is inoculated, cultivates 12 days under 28-35 DEG C of condition;
(4) sterilizing, drying: get (3) step gained material, autoclaving, insert 100 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of organic fertilizer is as follows:
(1) strain expanded culture: get that healthy and free from worry wood is mould, aspergillus niger, is inoculated in liquid PDA substratum, and shaking table is cultivated and expanded, obtained containing bacterium liquid;
(2) solid medium preparation: take 1 part of sponge gourd cauline leaf and 1 part of balsam pear cauline leaf by quality, pulverize, insert 80 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, the ratio adding 500g water and 2g glucose in every 100g basic material adds water and glucose, mix, as solid medium;
(3) solid fermentation: the ratio added containing bacterium liquid described in 20mL in every 100g basic material is inoculated, cultivates 10 days under 28-35 DEG C of condition;
(4) sterilizing, drying: get (3) step gained material, autoclaving, insert 100 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, to obtain final product.

Claims (6)

1. with the organic fertilizer that sponge gourd cauline leaf and balsam pear cauline leaf are made, it is characterized in that, described organic fertilizer take mass ratio as raw material based on the sponge gourd cauline leaf of 1:1 and balsam pear cauline leaf, adopts solid fermentation method preparation and obtain.
2. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solid fermentation method comprises the following steps:
(1) strain expanded culture: get that healthy and free from worry wood is mould, aspergillus niger, is inoculated in liquid PDA substratum, and shaking table is cultivated and expanded, obtained containing bacterium liquid;
(2) solid medium preparation: get described basic material, pulverize, insert 70-90 DEG C of baking oven inner drying, the ratio adding 400-600g water and 1-3g glucose in every 100g basic material adds water and glucose, mixes, as solid medium;
(3) solid fermentation: the ratio added containing bacterium liquid described in 10-30mL in every 100g basic material is inoculated, and cultivates 8-12 days under 28-35 DEG C of condition;
(4) sterilizing, drying: get (3) step gained material, autoclaving, insert 100 DEG C of baking oven inner dryings, to obtain final product.
3. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described (2) step, the drying temperature of basic material is 80 DEG C.
4. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described (2) step, the quality that every 100g basic material adds water is 500g.
5. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described (2) step, the quality that every 100g basic material adds glucose is 2g.
6. a kind of organic fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described (3) step, the volume that every 100g basic material adds containing bacterium liquid is 20mL.
CN201510447554.0A 2015-07-24 2015-07-24 Organic fertilizer prepared by using stems and leaves of fruit of towel gourd and balsam pear Pending CN105016793A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110156511A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-08-23 浙江省农业科学院 A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material

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CN102246837A (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-23 周新荣 Preparation method of medicament for preventing barley red spiders
CN102285839A (en) * 2010-06-19 2011-12-21 田萌 Method for preparing nutrition fertilizer for carnation
CN102464504A (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-23 王广清 Method for preparing nutrient fertilizer for Curculigo Chinese herbal medicine
CN102464515A (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-23 刘文全 Cultivation fertilizer for cultivating and planting chrysanthemum

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102050646A (en) * 2009-11-10 2011-05-11 江苏省农业科学院 In-situ composting method and device of crop straws
CN102246837A (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-23 周新荣 Preparation method of medicament for preventing barley red spiders
CN102285839A (en) * 2010-06-19 2011-12-21 田萌 Method for preparing nutrition fertilizer for carnation
CN102464504A (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-23 王广清 Method for preparing nutrient fertilizer for Curculigo Chinese herbal medicine
CN102464515A (en) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-23 刘文全 Cultivation fertilizer for cultivating and planting chrysanthemum

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110156511A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-08-23 浙江省农业科学院 A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof based on mineral humus and vegetables residuum trichoderma fermentation material

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Application publication date: 20151104

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