CN108074490B - 用于柔性显示设备的窗口和具有该窗口的柔性显示设备 - Google Patents

用于柔性显示设备的窗口和具有该窗口的柔性显示设备 Download PDF

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CN108074490B
CN108074490B CN201711104299.5A CN201711104299A CN108074490B CN 108074490 B CN108074490 B CN 108074490B CN 201711104299 A CN201711104299 A CN 201711104299A CN 108074490 B CN108074490 B CN 108074490B
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film
window
equal
flexible display
display device
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CN108074490A (zh
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李贞燮
申宪政
吴弦俊
吴惠珍
崔珉熏
金庆泰
金宝儿
金相训
朴商一
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Samsung Display Co Ltd
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Samsung Display Co Ltd
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Abstract

本公开涉及用于柔性显示设备的窗口和具有该窗口的柔性显示设备，该窗口包括：第一膜、第二膜、缓冲层和硬涂层，其中第一膜包括透明基底膜和穿过透明基底膜的多个孔；第二膜与第一膜重叠；缓冲层在第一膜和第二膜之间，以附接第一膜的第一侧和第二膜的第一侧；硬涂层在第二膜的第二侧上。

Description

用于柔性显示设备的窗口和具有该窗口的柔性显示设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年11月16日提交至韩国知识产权局的第10-2016-0152826号韩国专利申请的优先权和权益，该韩国专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及用于柔性显示设备的窗口以及包括所述窗口的柔性显示设备。
背景技术
随着显示器市场近来得到发展，在第一代可弯曲的“弯曲”显示器之后，已经出现第二代“可折叠”显示器，并且已经宣布第三代“可卷曲”显示器的出现。
在新一代显示器的出现中，柔性显示设备的作用非常重要。柔性显示设备表示非常具有柔性且相对自由地变形的显示设备。
柔性显示设备必须具有自由地可变形的性质以具有柔性，并且它还必须具有硬度和刚度以免受外部冲击影响从而具有耐久性。
因此，对于所述两种性能的需求逐渐增大，并且获取所述两种性能的研究被稳步地推进。
在该背景部分中公开的上述信息仅用于加强对背景的理解，并且因此，它可包括在该国家中对于本领域普通技术人员已经知晓的、不构成现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开已经做出努力以提供用于柔性显示设备的窗口和包括该窗口的柔性显示设备，其中所述窗口提高抗冲击特性并且具有小的曲率半径以用于柔性显示设备。
通过本公开实现的技术特征不限于上述技术特征，并且本领域技术人员根据下述描述将显而易见地理解其他未提及的技术特征。
示例性实施方式提供用于柔性显示设备的窗口，所述窗口包括第一膜、第二膜、缓冲层和硬涂层，其中第一膜包括基底膜和穿过基底膜的多个孔；第二膜与第一膜重叠；缓冲层在第一膜和第二膜之间以附接第一膜的第一侧和第二膜的第一侧；硬涂层在第二膜的第二侧上，其中第二膜的第二侧与第二膜的第一侧相对。
孔的在第一膜的第一侧中的截面以及孔的在第一膜的第二侧中的截面可具有相同的面积，使得孔可具有圆柱形状，其中第一膜的第二侧与第一膜的第一侧相对。
孔的在第一膜的第一侧中的截面的面积以及孔的在第一膜的第二侧中的截面的面积可以是彼此不同的，使得孔可具有截头圆锥形状，其中所述第一膜的第二侧与第一膜的第一侧相对。
孔的总体积可等于或大于第一膜的体积的5％并且等于或小于第一膜的体积的50％。
第一膜的厚度可等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于250μm。
第一膜的模量可等于或大于1.0GPa并且等于或小于1.5GPa。
缓冲层可包括当外力被施加时储能模量增大的材料。
缓冲层的通过外力而增大的储能模量可增加了等于或大于104Pa并且等于或小于105Pa的范围。
缓冲层可包括硅油。
缓冲层的厚度可等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于30μm。
窗口的厚度可等于或大于100μm并且等于或小于300μm。
模量小于基底膜的模量的填充物可填充到孔中。
填充物可包括透明聚合物。
第二膜的厚度可等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于60μm。
硬涂层的厚度可等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于60μm。
另一实施方式提供了一种柔性显示设备，包括显示面板、窗口和第一粘合层，其中，窗口设置在显示面板的第一侧上，第一粘合层设置在显示面板和窗口之间并且附接显示面板的第一侧和窗口的第一侧，其中窗口包括：包括基底膜和穿过基底膜的多个孔的第一膜、与第一膜重叠的第二膜、在第一膜和第二膜之间以附接第一膜的第一侧和第二膜的第一侧的缓冲层以及在第二膜的第二侧上的硬涂层，其中第二膜的第二侧与第二膜的第一侧相对。
柔性显示设备还可包括保护膜和第二粘合层，其中，保护膜在显示面板的、与显示面板的第一侧相对的第二侧上；第二粘合层在显示面板和保护膜之间以附接显示面板的第二侧和保护膜的第一侧。
根据本公开，提供用于柔性显示设备的窗口以及包括所述窗口的柔性显示设备。所述窗口允许柔性显示设备的整体厚度在预定范围内，提高抗冲击特性，并且具有小的曲率半径。
附图说明
图1示出根据示例性实施方式的显示设备的堆叠结构的剖视图。
图2示出根据示例性实施方式的第一膜。
图3示出图2中所示的第一膜的示例性变型。
图4示出图2中所示的第一膜的另一个示例性变型。
图5示出根据图3的示例性变型的第一膜。
图6示出根据示例性实施方式的测量第一膜的弹性变形的图形。
图7示出根据示例性实施方式的当外力被施加到缓冲层时测量储能模量增大的图形。
图8示出根据示例性实施方式的测量缓冲层的储能模量相对于温度的变化的图形。
具体实施方式
将参照附图详细描述示例性实施方式。在本发明构思的描述中，将省略已知功能或配置的描述以使本发明构思的主题更清楚。
为了清楚地描述本发明构思，省略与描述无关的部分，并且在说明书通篇相同的参考标记标示相同的元件。为了更好地理解和易于描述，附图所示的每个组件的尺寸和厚度被任意示出，但是本发明构思不限于此。
在附图中，为了清晰，放大层、薄膜、面板、区域等的厚度。为了更好地理解和易于描述，放大一些层和区域的厚度。将理解，当诸如层、薄膜、区域或衬底的元件被称为在另一个元件上时，它可直接地在所述另一个元件上或者还可存在中间元件。
图1示出根据示例性实施方式的柔性显示设备1000的堆叠结构的剖视图。如图1所示，根据示例性实施方式的柔性显示设备1000包括窗口100。
关于柔性显示设备1000，第一粘合层300和第二粘合层400设置在柔性显示面板200的各个侧部上。根据本示例性实施方式，如图1所示，显示面板200通过第一粘合层300与窗口100结合，并且显示面板200通过第二粘合层400与保护膜500结合。
显示面板200、第一粘合层300、第二粘合层400、保护膜500和窗口100是柔性的，使得它们可用于柔性显示设备1000。
如上所述，柔性显示设备1000的窗口100通过第一粘合层300附接至显示面板200的第一侧，以保护显示面板200免受外部冲击。具体地，为了保护显示面板200免受外部冲击，硬涂层140的抗冲击特性是重要的。硬涂层140可设置于窗口100的最外侧，使得它可直接地暴露于外部。因此，因为硬涂层140直接地接收任意外部冲击，所以它必须通过诸如球体跌落试验或笔跌落试验的冲击特征试验。
具体地，当诸如笔的尖锐对象对硬涂层140的表面施加冲击时，所述表面可能被印有凹痕或破裂从而降低可视性和耐久性。因此，为了防止这样的缺陷产生，可改进包括硬涂层140的窗口100的抗冲击特性。
为了提高抗冲击特性，当冲击被施加到窗口100时，必须延迟冲击传输时间以减小依次传输的冲击力。为了延迟冲击传输时间，需要增大窗口100的厚度或控制模量。在一个实施方式中，冲击传输时间是窗口100上的冲击传播通过窗口100的时间。
窗口100包括：第一膜110、第二膜120、缓冲层130和硬涂层140，其中第二膜120与第一膜110重叠，缓冲层130设置在第一膜110和第二膜120之间并且将第一膜110的第一侧与第二膜120的第一侧结合，硬涂层140设置在第二膜120的第二侧上。
第一膜110和第二膜120是用于柔性显示设备1000的窗口100的透明且具有柔性的膜。具体地，第一膜110和第二膜120中的至少一个可包括以下至少之一：无色聚酰亚胺(CPI)、热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)、三乙酸纤维素(TAC)膜、聚碳酸脂(PC)、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)、环烯烃聚合物(COP)、聚氨酯、硅、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)和定向聚丙烯(OPP)。
缓冲层130是处于第一膜110和第二膜120之间的、包括用于将第一膜110和第二膜120结合的粘合材料的粘合层，并且包括当外部冲击被施加时通过延迟冲击传输时间来减轻冲击的弹性材料。
此外，缓冲层130和硬涂层140可由透明且具有柔性的材料制成，使得它们可用于柔性显示设备1000的窗口100。例如，它们可包括有机材料、无机材料以及有机和无机混合材料中的至少之一，但是不限于此。
如上所述，为了提高窗口100的抗冲击特性，可通过控制各个层的厚度和模量来增大用于传输由冲击产生的冲击力的时间，以减轻所述冲击。
当要增大第一膜110、第二膜120、缓冲层130和硬涂层140的厚度时，设置对于整体厚度的最大值的限制以及对于曲率半径的限制。柔性显示设备1000的窗口100的厚度大约等于或大于100μm并且等于或小于300μm，因此，当各个层的厚度增大以提高抗冲击特性时存在限制。此外，当各个层的模量过度地减小时，硬度可能减小；以及当所述模量过度地增大时，这也成为对曲率半径的限制。
柔性显示设备1000的窗口100具有小的曲率半径，使得柔性显示设备1000的整体厚度可保持在预定范围中，并且柔性显示设备1000的抗冲击特性可提高。
更具体地，柔性显示设备1000的窗口100具有大约等于或大于1mm并且等于或小于5mm的曲率半径。因此，柔性显示设备1000可具有大约1mm的小曲率半径并且可提高抗冲击特性。
图2示出根据示例性实施方式的第一膜110。
如图2所示，具体地，第一膜110包括透明基底膜114以及穿过透明基底膜114以保持光学特性的多个孔112。
孔112可具有这样的截面，所述截面在平行于第一膜110的第一侧截取并且可为圆、椭圆以及多边形或不确定形状之一，而且除此之外，孔112还可不形成具有光顺边界的线或者曲线。
孔112可具有圆柱形状。例如，如图2所示，孔112的设置在第一膜110的第一侧中的截面的面积可对应于孔112的设置在第一膜110的第二侧中的截面的面积，其中第一膜110的第二侧与第一膜110的第一侧相对，而且，孔112的设置在第一膜110的内部的侧部(lateral side)可垂直于第一膜110的第一侧和第二侧。
图3示出图2中所示的第一膜110的示例性变型，以及孔112的设置在第一膜110的第一侧中的截面的面积可形成为不同于孔112的设置在第一膜110的第二侧中的截面的面积，其中第一膜110的第二侧与第一膜110的第一侧相对。因此，根据截面的形状，孔112的侧部的在垂直于所述截面的方向上观察的形状，诸如截头圆锥形状、截椭圆锥形状或多棱锥形状，可为锥形的或倒锥形的。
第一膜110的孔112可通过冲孔方法来形成，但是不限于此，并且它可通过激光加工、光刻法和其他方法来形成。
在此示例中，多个孔112的总体积可大约等于或大于在其中不形成孔112的第一膜110的体积的5％并且等于或小于在其中不形成孔112的第一膜110的体积的50％。当根据本示例性实施方式多个孔112形成在第一膜110中并且外力被施加到第一膜110时，所施加的外力可通过孔112更有效地分散并且第一膜110可变形。因此，可通过减轻由外力引起的冲击而提高抗冲击特性，并且可更容易地执行变形，因此，可提供具有大约等于或大于1mm并且等于或小于5mm的曲率半径的柔性显示设备1000。
第一膜110的厚度大约等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于250μm。与此相比，第二膜120和硬涂层140(参见图1)的厚度分别大约等于或大于10μm和等于或小于60μm。在本示例性实施方式中，为柔性显示设备1000提供了通过改变第一膜110的厚度而提高抗冲击特性的窗口100。如上所述，柔性显示设备1000的窗口100的厚度大约等于或大于100μm并且等于或小于300μm。
表1至表3表示根据通过第一膜110的孔112的形成引起的体积的变化，针对落笔的各个高度施加到窗口100的冲击力。表1至表3表示通过在使第一膜110的模量(1.5GPa)固定的情况下改变第一膜110的厚度，通过计算各个落笔高度产生的冲击力的强度所获得的结果。
表1表示当多个孔112的总体积是第一膜110的整体体积的5％时的情况，表2表示当多个孔112的总体积是第一膜110的整体体积的30％时的情况，以及表3表示当多个孔112的总体积是第一膜110的整体体积的50％时的情况。这里，第一膜110的体积是由孔112形成之前的整个膜形状测量而来，以及孔112的体积是从孔112形成之后自第一膜110减少孔112的体积的剩余体积反向计算而来。
用于落笔试验的笔的重量是5.58g，测量速度和冲击量，获取关于接触时间的数据，并且根据动量守恒定律计算冲击力。
表1
Figure BDA0001464008870000071
Figure BDA0001464008870000081
表2
Figure BDA0001464008870000082
表3
Figure BDA0001464008870000083
Figure BDA0001464008870000091
如表1至表3所述，发现，随着第一膜110变厚，所产生的冲击力的强度减小。还发现，随着形成在第一膜110中的孔112的体积增大，所产生的冲击力的强度减小。
第一膜110的模量大约等于或大于1.0GPa并且等于或小于1.5GPa。表4表示在改变第一膜110的厚度和模量的情况下，通过测量由硬度和落笔产生刺戳(spearing)的高度而获得的结果。刺戳是指在落笔试验中通过窗口上的落笔产生的凹入部分。换句话说，刺戳如同通过窗口上的落笔产生的伤痕。
表4
Figure BDA0001464008870000092
如表4所述，当具有相同的厚度的试验示例19、21、23作比较时，发现，在第一膜110的模量小于1.0GPa的试验示例19的情况中或者在所述模量大于1.5GPa的试验示例23的情况中，可通过从低的高度落笔而产生裂缝。然而，在试验示例23的情况中，所述模量是高的，因此，与试验示例19和21相比可预期具有高的硬度，并且通过落笔而生成裂缝的高度是稍微高的，然而这产生与试验示例19和21不大的差异。
此外，当对比试验示例21和22时，发现当第一膜110是厚的时可获得更高的硬度，并且通过落笔产生裂缝的高度相当高，其中试验示例21和22对应于第一膜110的模量范围是等于或大于1.0GPa并且等于或小于1.5GPa的范围。
填充物113可填充到第一膜110的孔112的内部。图4示出图2中所示的第一膜110的另一示例性变型，示出填充到图2中所示的第一膜110的孔112中的填充物113。图5示出根据图3的示例性变型的第一膜110，示出填充到图3中所示的第一膜110的孔112的填充物113。
在此情况下，根据本示例性变型的填充物113可以是模量小于第一膜110的基底膜114的模量的透明聚合物。由于填充物113填充到孔112中，所以当柔性显示设备1000变形时通过变形产生的应力可散布或者易于防止通过变形引起的损害以及更容易地支持所述变形。
图6和表5示出通过测量当在改变包括在窗口100中的第一膜110的厚度的情况下柔性显示设备1000被折叠以具有1mm的曲率半径时产生的应变所获得的结果。图6示出根据示例性实施方式的测量第一膜110的弹性变形的图形，如上所述，示出根据测量当在改变包括在窗口100中的第一膜110的厚度的情况下柔性显示设备1000被折叠以具有1mm的曲率半径时产生的应变的结果的应力和应变变化的图形。表5表示数值试验数据。在此情况下，用于本试验的第一膜110的模量是1.5GPa，并且对通过使用热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)所形成的第一膜110进行测量。此外，第一膜110的应变是通过表面应变和计算机辅助工程(CAE)分析结果、根据理论计算值推测出的。如本领域技术人员所知，CAE是计算机辅助分析过程。它是将计算机应用于产品设计和开发领域的技术。它与使用计算机的仿真对应。
表5
Figure BDA0001464008870000111
由图6的图形得知，根据本示例性实施方式的第一膜110发生弹性变形的线性区的应变是大约3.5％，并且这个结果确定为与表5的结果相同，其中在所述表5中，当第一膜110是250μm厚时，第一膜110计算为具有3.61％的应变。此外，由表5得知，在第一膜110发生弹性变形的区间中的预期落笔高度不大于8cm。
根据本示例性实施方式的缓冲层130可包括当施加外力时储能模量增大的材料。关于所述材料的详细内容在通过引用以其整体并入本文的、标题为“抗剪弹性体的研究(Smart Materials(智能材料).Struct.21 2012 125009(6pp)”的论文中公开，因此，它将被论文中的内容代替并且将在本说明书中省略。
图7示出当外力被施加到根据示例性实施方式的缓冲层130时测量储能模量增大的图形，这也在上面引用的论文中示出。如图7所示，根据本示例性实施方式的缓冲层130可包括储能模量值通过从外界提供的外部刺激而暂时增大的材料。
如所述，当外力被施加到窗口100的部分区域时，通过使缓冲层130包括储能模量值经由外部刺激暂时增大的材料，在即刻施加外力的相应区域中储能模量可增大，如此，可进一步地提高冲击减轻效果。在不施加外力的区域中缓冲层130可维持低的储能模量，并且在外力被移除之后，储能模量恢复至原始状态以维持所述储能模量并保持柔性。如图7所示的那样，缓冲层130的储能模量的增大宽度等于或大于104Pa并且等于或小于105P。
图8示出根据示例性实施方式的测量缓冲层的储能模量相对于温度的变化的图形。
通过根据本示例性实施方式的无论是否施加外部刺激储能模量值均可变的缓冲层130，窗口100在不存在外部刺激时利用柔性允许弹性变形，以及在被施加外部刺激时增大储能模量值并由此防止通过由外部刺激引起的冲击产生裂缝，从而抗冲击特性可提高。缓冲层130可示例性地包括硅油。
已经描述根据示例性实施方式和示例性变型的用于柔性显示设备1000的窗口100以及包括所述窗口100的柔性显示设备1000。根据本公开，可提供使整体厚度维持在预定范围中、提高抗冲击特性以及具有可用于柔性显示设备1000的小曲率半径的柔性显示设备1000的窗口100，以及包括所述窗口100的柔性显示设备1000。
上面已经描述和展示了具体示例性实施方式，但是本发明构思不限于上述示例性实施方式。因此，在不脱离本发明构思的想法和范围的情况下，本发明所属领域的技术人员可根据所述描述不同地改变和修改本发明。因此，修改的示例或者改变的示例不是独立于本发明构思的技术主旨或方面进行解释，并且因此，经修改的示例性实施方式解释为包括在本发明构思的权利要求的范围中。

Claims (14)

1.用于柔性显示设备的窗口，包括：
第一膜，包括基底膜和穿过所述基底膜的多个未填充孔；
第二膜，与所述第一膜重叠；
缓冲层，在所述第一膜和所述第二膜之间，以附接所述第一膜的第一侧和所述第二膜的第一侧；以及
硬涂层，在所述第二膜的第二侧上，其中所述第二膜的所述第二侧与所述第二膜的所述第一侧相对，
其中所述多个未填充孔形成在整个所述基底膜中，并且
其中所述多个未填充孔的总体积等于或大于所述第一膜的体积的5％并且等于或小于所述第一膜的体积的50％。
2.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述孔的在所述第一膜的所述第一侧中的截面以及所述孔的在所述第一膜的第二侧中的截面具有相同的面积，使得所述孔具有圆柱形状，其中，所述第一膜的所述第二侧与所述第一膜的所述第一侧相对。
3.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述孔的在所述第一膜的所述第一侧中的截面的面积以及所述孔的在所述第一膜的第二侧中的截面的面积彼此不同，使得所述孔具有截头圆锥形状，其中，所述第一膜的所述第二侧与所述第一膜的所述第一侧相对。
4.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述第一膜的厚度等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于250μm。
5.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述第一膜的杨氏模量等于或大于1.0GPa并且等于或小于1.5GPa。
6.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述缓冲层包括当外力被施加时储能模量增大的材料。
7.如权利要求6所述的窗口，其中
所述缓冲层的通过所述外力而增大的所述储能模量增加了等于或大于104Pa和等于或小于105Pa的范围。
8.如权利要求6所述的窗口，其中
所述缓冲层包括硅油。
9.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述缓冲层的厚度等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于30μm。
10.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述窗口的厚度等于或大于100μm并且等于或小于300μm。
11.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述第二膜的厚度等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于60μm。
12.如权利要求1所述的窗口，其中
所述硬涂层的厚度等于或大于10μm并且等于或小于60μm。
13.一种柔性显示设备，包括：
显示面板；
窗口，在所述显示面板的第一侧上；以及
第一粘合层，在所述显示面板和所述窗口之间，以附接所述显示面板的所述第一侧和所述窗口的第一侧，
其中所述窗口包括：
第一膜，包括基底膜和穿过所述基底膜的多个未填充孔，
第二膜，与所述第一膜重叠，
缓冲层，在所述第一膜和所述第二膜之间，以附接所述第一膜的第一侧和所述第二膜的第一侧，以及
硬涂层，在所述第二膜的第二侧上，其中所述第二膜的所述第二侧与所述第二膜的所述第一侧相对，
其中所述多个未填充孔形成在整个所述基底膜中，并且
其中所述多个未填充孔的总体积等于或大于所述第一膜的体积的5％并且等于或小于所述第一膜的体积的50％。
14.如权利要求13所述的柔性显示设备，还包括：
保护膜，在所述显示面板的第二侧上，其中所述显示面板的所述第二侧与所述显示面板的所述第一侧相对；以及
第二粘合层，在所述显示面板和所述保护膜之间，以附接所述显示面板的所述第二侧和所述保护膜的第一侧。
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