CN1080662C - 带隔离器的隔音板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种隔音板(10),它用于封锁声音穿过一个隔音壁(12)传递。该隔音板包括一个吸音层(22)和一个隔离层(20),该隔离层(20)安装到吸音层(22)上,并使该吸音层与壁(12)间隔开。该隔离层具有一种限定许多个空隙(26)的结构,以便减少用来制造隔离层的材料量,并减少隔音壁(12)的隔离层表面积。最好是,隔离层(20)具有许多个凸起物如肋条(28),在这些助条之间是限定各个空隙(26)的隙间间隔。
Description
相关文献
本申请要求美国专利申请No.60/034,190的优先权,该美国专利申请的申请日为1997年1月7日。
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及一种隔音板,该隔音板用于减少声音穿过一面板构件传递;更具体地说,本发明涉及一种带隔离器的壁装式隔音板,该隔离器用于将隔音板与面板分开,以增加隔音板降低声音的性质。
相关技术说明
各种隔音板通常用于现代机动车中,以降低发动机和路面的噪音。大多数汽车都具有一个薄金属板屏障壁,即一个防火壁,该壁在发动机室和乘客室之间,实际上是将该发动机室与乘客室分开。遗憾的是,金属屏障壁容易将声音从发动机室传递到乘客室中。
上述隔音板已经造出,以减少或消除声音穿过屏障壁传递。典型的是,这些现有的隔音板通常包括一个平板或铸塑泡沫塑料或其它的隔离层和一个整体层,此两层都是与屏障壁共同伸展的薄板。泡沫塑料层贴着屏障壁定位,而整体层则在乘客室内压在泡沫塑料层上。泡沫塑料层用来使整体层与屏障壁分开或隔离,以使声音振动穿过该整体层的传递减至最少。
为了最大限度地隔音,整体层应该与屏障壁间隔一预定的距离,该距离一般由隔离层的厚度确定。该隔离层具有一预定的最小厚度,以便在屏障壁和整体层之间提供足够的声音衰减。各种隔音板通常用一块平板或铸塑泡沫塑料作为隔离层。该平板在安装之前一般具有均匀的厚度,而隔离层相应于屏障壁未开槽区域的各部分则如此被压缩,以便隔离层的一边与屏障壁的表面一致,而其另一边与整体层的表面一致。铸塑泡沫塑料的厚度是可以改变的,并且一般是用泡沫塑料充满屏障壁和整体层之间的全部空间。尽管所述解决方案是可以接受的,但必须使用过多的隔离材料。本发明涉及一种隔音板,该隔音板使隔离材料的用量和隔离器的生产成本降至最低。
发明概述
本发明涉及一种隔板,用于减少声音穿过一屏障壁传递,该屏障壁具有一种凸凹不平的上表面,该凸凹不平的上表面由至少一种凸凹不平部形成,该隔板包括:一较密实消音的整体层,其具有一上表面和一下表面,该上表面与屏障壁的凸凹不平的上表面相比较均匀和光滑;一个声音隔离层,其由低密度材料制成,在整个范围内具有至少一个最小厚度,其有一下表面和一上表面,该下表面模制成符合屏障壁的凸凹不平的上表面,而该上表面模制成与整体层的下表面相符合和相接触,因而,该声音隔离层具有至少一个可变厚度部分,该部分对应于屏障壁的至少一个凸凹不平部;因此,在保持声音隔离层所需的声音隔离质量的同时,构成声音隔离层的材料的数量达到最少。
特别是,声音隔离层的可变厚度部分具有至少一个空隙,以便减少用于形成声音隔离层的材料量。特别是,声音隔离层的可变厚度部分包括许多凸起部,这些凸起部被至少一个隙间间隔分开,该隙间间隔限定至少一个空隙。特别是,声音隔离层用软泡沫塑料制造。特别是,软泡沫塑料是聚氨酯。特别是,吸音层用橡胶、聚丙烯、和热塑性聚合物的其中一种制造。特别是,在声音隔离层内具有数个可变厚度部分,这些部分对应于屏障壁内的数个凸凹不平部。特别是,至少一个凸凹不平部是凸起。特别是,声音隔离层的下表面安装在屏障壁的上表面上。
附图的简要说明
现在将参照附图说明本发明,其中:
图1是一部分按照本发明的隔音板的透视图;和
图2是按照本发明的隔音板另一部分的分解透视图。
优选实施例说明
现在参看图1和2,一块按照本发明的隔音板10安装在一个屏障壁12上。该隔音板10减少或防止声音从屏障壁12的一侧传递到另一侧。在一种机动车应用中,该屏障壁12可以是该机动车的发动机室和乘客室之间的一个防火壁。隔音板10一般安装在屏障壁面向乘客室的那一侧,并防止发动机和路面的噪音从发动机室传递到乘客室。然而,隔音板10也可以安装在屏障壁面向发动机室的那一侧,或者安装在任何其它机动车或其它类型的壁上。
典型地,屏障壁12具有一个不平整的上表面13,该上表面13具有许多个不同尺寸和形状的凹部14。为简化起见,只示出了一小部分屏障壁12和隔音板10。应该理解,屏障壁12和隔音板10二者横跨整个机动车前部和车轮轮辋槽延伸。屏障壁12具有许多个凹部和隆起,以便适应各种部件安装在该壁12的两侧上。各凹部14是必要的并且是机动车特有的,以便屏障壁12可以装配在一辆机动车的其它结构元件内,并围绕这些结构元件。按照本发明的隔音板10包括一个隔离层20和一个整体层22。将隔离层20的下表面18模塑成与屏障壁12的上表面13的外形一致,并将该隔离层20的上表面21模塑成与整体层22的下表面18一致。在安装好的位置,下面的隔离表面18连接屏障壁12,而上面的隔离表面21连接整体层22,以便使该整体层与屏障壁分开,并隔离声音在整体层和屏障壁之间的传递。产生隔离是由于该隔离层的性质使得当它与屏障壁直接接触时,它不容易振动或传递声音。如果隔离层20有最小的预定厚度,则隔音板10完成声音封闭功能最好。隔离层20最好是用一种软泡沫塑料如聚氨酯模塑而成,但别的低密度绝缘材料也可以用。
隔离层最好设置许多空隙或容气槽,这些空隙或容气槽减少隔离层与屏障壁接触的面积,以便除了由于隔离层材料特点而振动减少之外,还进一步减少这些振动经过屏障壁传递。最好是,隔离层20具有一系列整体模塑的肋条或凸出物25,这些肋条或凸出物25沿该隔离层20延伸,它们具有一些隙间间隔,这些隙间间隔限定了各凸出物之间形成的空隙或容气槽26。每个凸出物25的外面自由端28和隔离层20的上表面21一起是连续不断的。因为隔离层20是模塑而成,所以当安装好时,即使代替了屏障壁12和整体层22上的不平整的表面外形,该材料通常也是处于非压缩状态。因此,隔离层20具有非均匀的厚度,并且本质上没有压缩地遵循屏障壁12和整体层22的下表面二者的外形。
隔离层20具有一最小而可变的厚度,该厚度由一种特定应用的特定吸音要求决定,同时不需要压缩隔离层20的各部分。因此,该模塑的隔离层(其中包括容气槽26)减少了材料的用量,同时保持一种可以接受的声音衰减程度,上述减少的材料用量用现有技术的隔离层还是需要的。
整体层22比较密实,并且它最好是由橡胶、改性聚丙烯或其它的填有一种消音剂如硫酸钡的热塑性聚合物制造。当组装隔音板10时,整体层22的下表面23连接隔离层20的上表面21。该整体层22具有一个平滑的上表面24。整体层22的下表面23连接隔离层20,并且可以具有一个或多个间隔肋30,这些间隔肋从下表面23向下伸出。各间隔肋30适合这样连接屏障壁12的上表面13,以便当在机动车中安装好时,整体层22与屏障壁保持一个预定的距离。根据特殊的应用,各间隔肋30可以具有各种各样的形状,并且可以有不同的高度,以适应表面外形的各种变化。最好是,整体层22和各间隔肋30注塑成一个构件。将任何给定区域内的间隔肋数量和尺寸减至最小,以支承整体层。
按照本发明的隔音板10与屏障壁12的不平整的表面相符合,该屏障壁12具有与其本质上均匀接触的隔离层20,而暴露的整体层22的表面将一种平滑、平整而美观的表面展示到乘客室的内部。隔音板10用的材料本质上比现有的各种隔音板要少,因为隔离层有一些容气槽,并至少其一部分未压缩。使用较少的隔离材料是有利的,因为隔离层的材料和生产的成本比整体层的材料和生产的成本相对较高。因此,该隔音板10比现有隔音板更便宜,并且更容易制造。此外,因为当和隔离层的总足迹相比时,一个减小的表面积接触屏障壁,所以有很少的振动经过隔离层转到整体层。尽管已经示出了本发明的特定实施例,当然,应该理解,本发明并不限于上述这些,因为本领域的技术人员,特别是在上述教导下可以进行许多修改。
不脱离本发明的精神,在上述本发明的公开内容范围内,合理的变动和修改是可能的。
Claims (9)
1.一种隔板,用于减少声音穿过一屏障壁传递,该屏障壁具有一种凸凹不平的上表面,该凸凹不平的上表面由至少一种凸凹不平部形成,该隔板包括:
一较密实消音的整体层,其具有一上表面和一下表面,该上表面与屏障壁的凸凹不平的上表面相比较均匀和光滑;
一个声音隔离层,其由低密度材料制成,在整个范围内具有至少一个最小厚度,其有一下表面和一上表面,该下表面模制成符合屏障壁的凸凹不平的上表面,而该上表面模制成与整体层的下表面相符合和相接触,因而,该声音隔离层具有至少一个可变厚度部分,该部分对应于屏障壁的至少一个凸凹不平部;
因此,在保持声音隔离层所需的声音隔离质量的同时,构成声音隔离层的材料的数量达到最少。
2.如权利要求1所述的隔板,其特征在于:声音隔离层的可变厚度部分具有至少一个空隙,以便减少用于形成声音隔离层的材料量。
3.如权利要求2所述的隔板,其特征在于:声音隔离层的可变厚度部分包括许多凸起部,这些凸起部被至少一个隙间间隔分开,该隙间间隔限定至少一个空隙。
4.如权利要求1所述的隔板,其特征在于:声音隔离层用软泡沫塑料制造。
5.如权利要求4所述的隔板,其特征在于:软泡沫塑料是聚氨酯。
6.如权利要求1所述的隔板,其特征在于:吸音层用橡胶、聚丙烯、和热塑性聚合物的其中一种制造。
7.如权利要求6所述的隔板,其特征在于,在声音隔离层内具有数个可变厚度部分,这些部分对应于屏障壁内的数个凸凹不平部。
8.如权利要求1所述的隔板,其特征在于,至少一个凸凹不平部是凸起。
9.如权利要求1-8其中之一所述的隔板,其特征在于,声音隔离层的下表面安装在屏障壁的上表面上。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US3419097P | 1997-01-07 | 1997-01-07 | |
US60/034,190 | 1997-01-07 |
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CN1243481A CN1243481A (zh) | 2000-02-02 |
CN1080662C true CN1080662C (zh) | 2002-03-13 |
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CN98801720A Expired - Fee Related CN1080662C (zh) | 1997-01-07 | 1998-01-06 | 带隔离器的隔音板 |
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US (1) | US6024190A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0951406B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2001508005A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100481251B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1080662C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9806865A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2276041C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69817148T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2205442T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1998030417A1 (zh) |
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- 1998-01-06 CA CA002276041A patent/CA2276041C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-06 ES ES98901709T patent/ES2205442T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-06 JP JP53105298A patent/JP2001508005A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1998-01-06 KR KR10-1999-7006133A patent/KR100481251B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-06 DE DE69817148T patent/DE69817148T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-06 EP EP98901709A patent/EP0951406B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-06 BR BR9806865-2A patent/BR9806865A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-06 CN CN98801720A patent/CN1080662C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-06 WO PCT/US1998/000240 patent/WO1998030417A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-01-07 US US09/003,983 patent/US6024190A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US5186996A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1993-02-16 | Matec Holding Ag | Sound damping multi-layer structure |
US5245141A (en) * | 1990-09-03 | 1993-09-14 | Matec Holding Ag | Sound-insulating and sound-damping composite structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2205442T3 (es) | 2004-05-01 |
CN1243481A (zh) | 2000-02-02 |
DE69817148T2 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
EP0951406A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
WO1998030417A1 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
EP0951406B1 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
DE69817148D1 (de) | 2003-09-18 |
CA2276041C (en) | 2006-03-21 |
KR100481251B1 (ko) | 2005-04-07 |
US6024190A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
BR9806865A (pt) | 2000-04-18 |
KR20000069920A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
CA2276041A1 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
JP2001508005A (ja) | 2001-06-19 |
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