CN108012745A - A kind of hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method - Google Patents
A kind of hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108012745A CN108012745A CN201711396724.2A CN201711396724A CN108012745A CN 108012745 A CN108012745 A CN 108012745A CN 201711396724 A CN201711396724 A CN 201711396724A CN 108012745 A CN108012745 A CN 108012745A
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- hardwood nanmu
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Zoology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method, comprise the following steps：(a) choose seeds, sterilizing, vernalization；(b) once it is inoculated with：Pt mycorhiza powder is uniformly mixed with flour, mixture is made, the mixture is wrapped up in the surface of the seed that above-mentioned steps (a) are chosen, forms pelleted seed；(c) be chosen for pH value be 5.8 6.5 sand as seedbed, preparing seedbed, opens bar ditch, the seed of above-mentioned steps (b) is sown into bar ditch by the spacing of 3 5cm, earth backing；(d) secondary inoculation：After emergence 5 months, shallow ridges is opened between the bar ditch, Pt mycorhiza powder is mixed with soil, uniformly applied in shallow ridges, earth backing.After hardwood nanmu seed Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi agent, seed sprouting is early, emergence rate and planting percent are high, and the exotrophic mycorrhiza that nursery stock is formed, strengthens root system absorbability, improve the absorption and utilization to Nutrient Elements in Soil, transplant survival is fast, and survival rate is high, and this method is simple to operate, cost is low, and seedling quality is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hardwood nanmu seedling-raising technique field, and in particular to a kind of hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method.
Background technology
Hardwood nanmu is the evergreen megaphanerophyte of Lauraceae, and hardwood nanmu is slow-growing, and a century will be gone up by becoming foundation material, due to successive dynasties felling and disease
Worm endangers, and population quantity is reduced in succession, and species become feeble and die in succession, has been cited as national second class protection and gradually endangers species.
It is long usually using chemical fertilizer, pesticide, exogenous hormone etc. in order to cultivate high-quality strong sprout in hardwood nanmu nursery production process
Phase applies these chemical substances, can not only change soil property, destroys soil texture, while larger dirt can be also caused to environment
Dye, weakens nursery stock resistance, and transplanting seedling time is grown after causing transplanting, and survival rate is not high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：Solve above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, there is provided a kind of survival rate is high, to soil harm
Small hardwood nanmu method for culturing seedlings.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method, including with
Lower step：
(a) choose seeds, sterilizing, vernalization；
(b) once it is inoculated with：Pt mycorhiza powder is uniformly mixed with flour, mixture is made, in the kind that above-mentioned steps (a) are chosen
Sublist bread wraps up in the mixture, forms pelleted seed；
(c) be chosen for pH value be 5.8-6.5 sand as seedbed, preparing seedbed, opens bar ditch, by above-mentioned steps
(b) seed is sown into bar ditch by the spacing of 3-5cm, earth backing；
(d) secondary inoculation：After emergence 5 months, shallow ridges is opened between the bar ditch, Pt mycorhiza powder is mixed with soil,
In even application shallow ridges, earth backing.
Further, in the step (a), sterilizing includes choosing 50% formalin, by described 50% Fu Er
Malin presses portion rate 1 with water:100 dilutions, the seed soak 30-60min in the formalin solution after the dilution, with
The formalin solution of the surface of the seed is cleaned up with clear water afterwards.
Further, in the step (b), vernalization include by the seed 100mg/L gibberellin alcoholic solution
Middle immersion 30-60min, takes out the seed, dries at normal temperatures.
Further, in the step (b), the portion rate of the Pt mycorhiza powder and flour is 1:5.
Further, in the step (c), the spacing of the bar ditch is 20-25cm, and the depth of the bar ditch is 5-
8cm。
Further, in the step (c), preparing seedbed includes applying seedbed 2000-2500 kgs/acre organic
Fertilizer, 50-100 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, are ploughed with rotary cultivator, tidy and flat, and seedbed is soaked with 1% liquor potassic permanganate, then
The seedbed is covered with black thin film 5 days.
Further, in the step (d), the depth of the shallow ridges is 2-3cm, part of the Pt mycorhiza powder and soil
Number is than being 1:5.
Further, after being additionally included in emergence, seedling is poured or sprayed with the mixed aqueous solution of potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Wood, monthly 1-2 times, wherein, in the mixed aqueous solution concentration of potassium nitrate be 1000mg/L, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate be
100㎎/L。
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：In the method for the invention, using Mycorrhizal
Biotechnology, mycorrhizal fungi is incorporated into hardwood nanmu seed, hardwood nanmu seed is quickly formed effective bacterium in germination process
Root, establishes the rhizosphere microbial group based on excellent mycorrhizal fungi, and can also effectively improve soil activation, and increase soil has
Machine matter, improves soil physico-chemical property, meanwhile, mycorhiza can also improve the absorbability of hardwood nanmu root system, be conducive to root system and fully absorb
Nutrient in soil, by fungus secretion various plants hormone and growth regulator, promotes plant establishment, growth and development, training is good
Good hardwood nanmu nursery stock, improves the survival rate of transplanting hardwood nanmu nursery stock.In the method for the invention, prior to seeding with after emergence,
Mycorhiza inoculation is carried out respectively, increases the quantity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, improves survival rate.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
It is 6.2 to select PH, well-drained sandy loam as seedbed, apply per acre pig manure mixed with evil spirit mushroom leftover bits and pieces it is decomposed
2000 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 60 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, ploughed with rotary cultivator, manually it is tidy and flat.Railway carriage or compartment is opened by 120 ㎝ wide, with 1%
Liquor potassic permanganate, nursery soil is drenched, then is covered 7 days with black a surname film.
Full seed, the hardwood nanmu seed that viability is strong, germinating energy is high are selected, portion rate 1 is pressed with 50% formalin：100
Dilution proportion, then by hardwood nanmu seed be put into dilution after formlinata aquae concentratac in soak 30 minutes, taking-up with clear water general
Medicine liquid washing is clean, using formalin solution to the sterilization of hardwood nanmu seed, disinfection, to reduce the insect pest during nursery..
Soaked seed 30 minutes with 100 ㎎/L gibberellin alcoholic solution again, take out seed, dry at normal temperatures, alcohol is in room temperature
After lower volatilization, gibberellin medicament is left in seed, and gibberellin medicament promotes hardwood nanmu germination.
It is inoculated with for the first time, selects Pt mycorhiza powder to press portion rate 1 with flour：5 ratio is uniformly mixed, will be above-mentioned processed
After seed first uses clear water wetted surface, place into the mixing powder of Pt mycorhiza pulvis and flour, abundant rock and roll container, allow hardwood nanmu
The surface of seed all tight last layer mixing powders, form capsuled seed；Due in seeded process, the amount of Pt mycorhiza powder
It is less, therefore by the way of being mixed with flour, increase the volume of mixing powder, Pt mycorhiza powder is uniformly adhered to hardwood nanmu
The surface of the seed, in the method for the invention, flour can also be replaced with rice bran.Opened in each railway carriage or compartment in seedbed after the treatment
Bar ditch, the spacing of bar ditch is 20cm, and the depth of bar ditch is 5cm, and then routinely type of seeding, seedbed soil is sown into by capsuled seed
Bar ditch in, the spacing in bar ditch between seed is 5cm.
To by the end of September after emergence, monthly nursery stock is poured with potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed aqueous solution, monthly 2 times, nitre
Sour potassium and the various elements containing hardwood nanmu seedling growth in potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed aqueous solution, nutrition is provided for the growth of nursery stock,
The concentration of potassium nitrate wherein in mixed aqueous solution is 1000 ㎎/L, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 100 ㎎/L, in the life of nursery stock
During length, the weeds between nursery stock are removed, and weak seedling, sick seedling and intensive nursery stock are removed, improve the quality of nursery stock.
Emergence 5 months after, carry out secondary inoculation, between the bar ditch of seedbed, open the shallow ridges of 2 ㎝ depth, by Pt mycorhiza powder with
Thin loam after sieving is using portion rate as 1：Uniformly applied after 5 ratio mixing into shallow ridges, then upper original soil, secondary inoculation are again
Pt mycorhiza powder is supplemented not to be inoculated with successful hardwood nanmu seed for the first time, the nursery stock in seedbed can be successfully inoculated with, is improved whole
The survival rate of nursery stock in seedbed, and the survival rate of later stage transplanting；Pt mycorhiza powder and the thin soil mixture after sieving are applied
In shallow ridges, contacted easy to the root system with nursery stock, improve the success rate of inoculation.
Pt mycorhiza powder has synthesis vitamin, gibberellin, the basic element of cell division, auxin, enzyme and antibiotic
Deng the ability of bioactive substance, seedling growth can be promoted, improve seedling quality, strengthen the disease-resistant degeneration-resistant border ability of nursery stock.
Embodiment 2：
It is 5.8 to select PH, well-drained sandy loam as seedbed, apply per acre pig manure mixed with evil spirit mushroom leftover bits and pieces it is decomposed
2500 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, ploughed with rotary cultivator, manually it is tidy and flat.Railway carriage or compartment is opened by 120 ㎝ wide, with 1%
Liquor potassic permanganate, nursery soil is drenched, then is covered 7 days with black a surname film.
Full seed, the hardwood nanmu seed that viability is strong, germinating energy is high are selected, portion rate 1 is pressed with 50% formalin：100
Dilution proportion, then by hardwood nanmu seed be put into dilution after formlinata aquae concentratac in soak 45 minutes, taking-up with clear water general
Medicine liquid washing is clean, using formalin solution to the sterilization of hardwood nanmu seed, disinfection, to reduce the insect pest during nursery..
Soaked seed 40 minutes with 100 ㎎/L gibberellin alcoholic solution again, take out seed, dry at normal temperatures, alcohol is in room temperature
After lower volatilization, gibberellin medicament is left in seed.
Pt mycorhiza powder is selected to press portion rate 1 with flour：5 ratio is uniformly mixed, by above-mentioned processed seed first with clear
After water wetted surface, place into the mixing powder of Pt mycorhiza pulvis and flour, abundant Yao Roll containers, allow the surface of hardwood nanmu seed
All tight last layer mixing powders, form capsuled seed；Bar ditch, bar ditch are opened in each railway carriage or compartment in seedbed after the treatment
Spacing be 25cm, the depth of bar ditch is 8cm, and then routinely type of seeding, capsuled seed is sown into the bar ditch of seedbed soil,
Spacing in bar ditch between seed is 3cm.
To by the end of September after emergence, nursery stock monthly is sprayed with potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed aqueous solution, monthly 1 time, its
The concentration of middle potassium nitrate is 1000 ㎎/L, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 100 ㎎/L, in the growth period of nursery stock, removes nursery stock
Between weeds, and weak seedling, sick seedling and intensive nursery stock are removed, improve the quality of nursery stock.
Emergence 5 months after, carry out secondary inoculation, between the bar ditch of seedbed, open the shallow ridges of 3 ㎝ depth, by Pt mycorhiza powder with
Thin loam after sieving is using portion rate as 1：Uniformly applied after 5 ratio mixing into shallow ridges, then upper original soil again.
Embodiment 3：
It is 6.5 to select PH, well-drained sandy loam as seedbed, apply per acre pig manure mixed with evil spirit mushroom leftover bits and pieces it is decomposed
2200 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 100 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, ploughed with rotary cultivator, manually it is tidy and flat.Railway carriage or compartment is opened by 120 ㎝ wide, is used
1% liquor potassic permanganate, nursery soil is drenched, then is covered 7 days with black a surname film.
Full seed, the hardwood nanmu seed that viability is strong, germinating energy is high are selected, portion rate 1 is pressed with 50% formalin：100
Dilution proportion, then by hardwood nanmu seed be put into dilution after formlinata aquae concentratac in soak 60 minutes, taking-up with clear water general
Medicine liquid washing is clean, using formalin solution to the sterilization of hardwood nanmu seed, disinfection, to reduce the insect pest during nursery.
Soaked seed 30 minutes with 100 ㎎/L gibberellin alcoholic solution again, take out seed, dry at normal temperatures, alcohol is in room temperature
After lower volatilization, gibberellin medicament is left in seed.
Pt mycorhiza powder is selected to press portion rate 1 with flour：5 ratio is uniformly mixed, by above-mentioned processed seed first with clear
After water wetted surface, place into the mixing powder of Pt mycorhiza pulvis and flour, abundant Yao Roll containers, allow the surface of hardwood nanmu seed
All tight last layer mixing powders, form capsuled seed；Bar ditch, bar ditch are opened in each railway carriage or compartment in seedbed after the treatment
Spacing be 20cm, the depth of bar ditch is 5cm, and then routinely type of seeding, capsuled seed is sown into the bar ditch of seedbed soil,
Spacing in bar ditch between seed is 3cm.
To by the end of September after emergence, nursery stock monthly is sprayed with potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed aqueous solution, monthly 1 time, its
The concentration of middle potassium nitrate is 1000 ㎎/L, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 100 ㎎/L, in the growth period of nursery stock, removes nursery stock
Between weeds, and weak seedling, sick seedling and intensive nursery stock are removed, improve the quality of nursery stock.
Emergence 5 months after, carry out secondary inoculation, between the bar ditch of seedbed, open the shallow ridges of 2 ㎝ depth, by Pt mycorhiza powder with
Thin loam after sieving is using portion rate as 1：Uniformly applied after 5 ratio mixing into shallow ridges, then upper original soil again.
Comparative experimental example：
While mycorrhizal seedling raising, check experiment has been done.Check experiment does not make presprouting of seeds processing except hardwood nanmu seed
Outer with mycorhiza inoculation, the other technologies of seeding and seedling raising are identical with method, and observation note has been carried out to the emergence number of days after broadcasting, emergence rate
Carry.
When to December, outplanting is transplanted, for embodiment 1-3 and comparative experimental example, every group of random sampling
500 plants, height of seedling, ground diameter, lateral root number morphological index are measured, take its average value.Wherein embodiment 1 and comparative experimental example
It is compared, 21.2 percentage points of the height of seedling increase of embodiment 1, ground diameter increase by 0.36 percentage point, lateral root number increase by 2.3 hundred
Branch.Transplanting has carried out its survival rate investigation statistics after 10 days, and the nursery stock of embodiment 1 is higher than the shoot survival percent of comparative experimental example
Go out 26.9 percentage points, refer to following table.
Comparative test result
Experiment shows, in embodiment 1-3, after hardwood nanmu seed Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi agent, seed sprouting is early, emergence rate and planting percent
Height, hardwood nanmu nursery stock dramatically increase than conventional seedbed system in height of seedling, ground diameter, lateral root number and dry weight.What the nursery stock that Mycorrhizal is cultivated was formed
Exotrophic mycorrhiza, strengthens root system absorbability, improves the absorption and utilization to Nutrient Elements in Soil, and transplant survival is fast, into
Motility rate is high, and this method is simple to operate, and cost is low, and seedling quality is good.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method, comprises the following steps：
(a) choose seeds, sterilizing, vernalization；
(b) once it is inoculated with：Pt mycorhiza powder is uniformly mixed with flour, mixture is made, in the kind sublist that above-mentioned steps (a) are chosen
Bread wraps up in the mixture, forms pelleted seed；
(c) be chosen for pH value be 5.8-6.5 sand as seedbed, preparing seedbed, opens bar ditch, by above-mentioned steps (b)
Seed is sown into bar ditch by the spacing of 3-5cm, earth backing；
(d) secondary inoculation：After emergence 5 months, shallow ridges is opened between the bar ditch, Pt mycorhiza powder is mixed with soil, is uniformly applied
Enter in shallow ridges, earth backing.
2. hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (a), Packs sterilized
The formalin of selection 50% is included, described 50% formalin and water are pressed into portion rate 1:100 dilutions, the seed is described
30-60min is soaked in formalin solution after dilution, is then cleaned the formalin solution of the surface of the seed with clear water dry
Only.
3. hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (b), vernalization bag
Include and the seed is soaked into 30-60min in the gibberellin alcoholic solution of 100mg/L, take out the seed, dry in the air at normal temperatures
It is dry.
4. hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (b), the Pt
The portion rate of mycorhiza powder and flour is 1:5.
5. hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (c), the bar
The spacing of ditch is 20-25cm, and the depth of the bar ditch is 5-8cm.
6. hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (c), seedling is arranged
Bed includes applying seedbed 2000-2500 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer, 50-100 kgs/acre of calcium superphosphate, is ploughed with rotary cultivator,
It is tidy and flat, seedbed is soaked with 1% liquor potassic permanganate, then the seedbed is covered 5 days with black thin film.
7. hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described shallow in the step (d)
The depth of ditch is 2-3cm, and the portion rate of the Pt mycorhiza powder and soil is 1:5.
8. hardwood nanmu mycorrhizal seedling raising method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：After being additionally included in emergence, nitric acid is used
The mixed aqueous solution of potassium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate pours or sprays nursery stock, monthly 1-2 times, wherein, the concentration of the potassium nitrate is
1000mg/L, the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 100 ㎎/L.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103125353A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-06-05 | 中国中医科学院中药研究所 | Biological control method to improve disease-resistance of cultured traditional Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN104168771A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2014-11-26 | 孟山都技术公司 | Plant growth-promoting microbes and uses therefor |
-
2017
- 2017-12-21 CN CN201711396724.2A patent/CN108012745A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103125353A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-06-05 | 中国中医科学院中药研究所 | Biological control method to improve disease-resistance of cultured traditional Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN104168771A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2014-11-26 | 孟山都技术公司 | Plant growth-promoting microbes and uses therefor |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 张鸿雁: "微生物菌剂在马铃薯上的推广试验示范", 《农业开发与装备》 * |
| 石伟琦: "外生菌根的人工合成和优良外生菌根真菌的筛选研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊） 农业科技辑》 * |
| 鲍瑾等: "外生菌根在农林业上的应用", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
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Application publication date: 20180511 |