CN111492904A - Okra cultivation method rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium - Google Patents
Okra cultivation method rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 240000004507 Abelmoschus esculentus Species 0.000 title claims 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title description 6
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- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating okra rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: seed selection and seed soaking; step two: seedling raising; step three: preparing a base fertilizer; step four: selecting land and preparing land; step five: transplanting and field planting; step six: managing the field; step seven: and (6) harvesting and processing. According to the method, the okra is planted systematically, and the high-content organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium are used to meet the requirement of the local high-selenium soil manufactured by the trace element seedling raising matrix, so that the selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium content of the okra can be effectively improved, the quality of the okra is effectively improved, the okra is enabled to have excellent taste and rich nutrition, continuous and stable economic benefits are brought to planting households and enterprises, and the method has popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the related field of okra cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating okra rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium.
Background
Okra is also called okra and coffee okra, commonly known as okra and radix gurglini, and is called as chili pepper by local people in the Pingxi province of China. The nature is warm, the origin is near the Russian in Africa today and in the tropical zone of Asia, and China has few cultivations. The American is called it 'plant gold okra', which is a good medicine for reducing blood sugar. The okra can be further processed into scented tea, beverage, capsule, dried vegetable, oil, etc.
With the continuous expansion of the okra planting area in the cabinet, the market value of okra is gradually reduced, and due to the large unscientific use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides and the disordered use of chemical substances such as growth hormone, the planting environment of okra is further deteriorated, so that the quality of okra is gradually reduced, and the economic income of growers is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, designs the okra cultivation method rich in trace elements of organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium, has the effect of being rich in the selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium, solves the problem that the quality of the existing okra cannot be ensured due to the large unscientific use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, can effectively improve the contents of the selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium elements of the okra by systematically planting the okra and using local high-selenium soil with high contents of organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium which is manufactured according to a trace element seedling culture matrix, effectively improves the quality of the okra, ensures that the okra has excellent taste and rich nutrition, brings continuous and stable economic benefits for growers and enterprises, and has popularization and application values.
The invention has the technical scheme that the okra cultivation method rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: seed selection and seed soaking
Selecting high-quality okra seeds, removing shrunken grains and damaged grains, soaking the selected high-quality okra seeds in 30 times of a bacillus subtilis solution for 30-45 minutes, and fishing out and drying the okra seeds after soaking;
step two: seedling raising
Spraying a high-concentration high-purity multi-trace element concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium, chromium, manganese and iodine into a seedling culture substrate, wherein the dosage is 3 kg/cubic, and sowing the seeds treated according to the step one into a seedling culture tray or a seedling culture bed for seedling culture;
step three: base fertilizer production
Uniformly mixing 30-50% of livestock and poultry resolution, 40-60% of straw and about 10% of oil residue, keeping the humidity at 60%, adding a special high-activity microbial decomposition agent, carrying out aerobic fermentation on compost, wherein the fermentation period is 15 days, and turning over the compost for 3-5 times during the period to eliminate harmful bacteria, ova and grass seeds in the compost, so as to prepare a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer;
step four: land selection and preparation
Selecting soil or sandy loam with thick soil layer, fertile delivery, water retention and heat preservation as a planting field, carrying out deep ploughing on the planting field 20-30 days before transplanting and planting, wherein the depth of a plough layer is about 30 cm, and applying 2-3 tons of high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer per mu in combination with deep ploughing;
step five: transplanting and field planting
Transplanting and planting okra seedlings when the okra seedlings grow to a height of about 10 cm, and transplanting seedling culture matrixes simultaneously during transplanting and planting to form local high-selenium soil;
step six: management of field
After field planting, selecting high-activity microbial fertilizer, applying the high-activity microbial fertilizer along with seedling water according to the dosage of 5 kilograms per mu, spraying the high-activity microbial fertilizer once before the early bud of the okra, wherein the dosage is 3 kilograms per mu, topdressing once 10-15 days after the early bud of the okra, and spraying the high-activity microbial fertilizer once at intervals, wherein the dosage is 3-5 kilograms per mu, and the high-activity microbial fertilizer is applied once every time;
step seven: harvesting and processing
Harvesting when the diameter of the okra is 8-10 cm, and drying to produce a dry okra product.
In the first step, the high-quality seeds are soaked in the high-concentration bacillus subtilis solution, so that the germination rate of the seeds can be effectively improved.
The organic magnesium in the second step is derived from magnesium polysaccharide obtained by biotransformation, and the content of the organic magnesium is not less than 25000 mg/kg.
In the sixth step, the high-concentration high-purity organic selenium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium, chromium, manganese and iodine multi-trace element concentrated solution participates in the growth and metabolism process of the okra fruit in the expansion period, and the dosage requirement is as follows: the dosage is not less than 1 kg/mu every time, and the spraying is carried out once in 7-10 days.
The okra cultivation method rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium, which is manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention, has the following effects:
the okra cultivated by the method has the effects of strong disease resistance, high yield, high quality rate, no pesticide residue, no heavy metal, and rich organic selenium, organic zinc, organic calcium, organic magnesium and nutrition, wherein the organic selenium content of fresh okra is generally not less than 200 micrograms/kg, the organic selenium content of dry okra is generally not less than 1500 micrograms/kg, the organic zinc content of brain-washed okra is generally not less than 5 milligrams/kg, the organic zinc content of dry okra is generally not less than 20 milligrams/kg, the organic calcium content of fresh okra is generally not less than 300 milligrams/kg, the organic calcium content of dry okra is generally not less than 2600 milligrams/kg, the organic magnesium content of fresh okra is generally not less than 8 milligrams/kg, and the organic magnesium content of dry okra is generally not less than 60 milligrams/kg, the quality of the okra is effectively improved, the okra tastes good, the nutrition is rich, continuous and stable economic efficiency is brought to farmers and enterprises, and the okra quality improving agent has popularization and application values.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the okra cultivation method rich in trace elements of organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment:
example 1:
firstly, selecting okra seeds, screening the okra seeds, removing small, large, damaged and shriveled okra seeds, screening high-quality okra seeds, soaking the high-quality okra seeds in 30 times of bacillus subtilis solution for 30 minutes, fishing out the okra seeds, and airing;
putting a seedling substrate into a seedling tray, spraying 3 kilograms per cubic of high-concentration high-purity multi-trace element concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium, chromium, manganese and iodine, and sowing the air-dried okra seeds into the seedling tray for seedling after spraying;
three raw materials of pig manure, crushed straw and peanut oil residue are selected to prepare the base fertilizer, and the mass ratio is 4: 5:1, fully mixing the three raw materials, keeping the humidity at 60%, adding a special high-activity microorganism decomposing agent, carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture for 16 days, turning the mixture once every 4 days during the fermentation period, and removing harmful bacteria, worm eggs and grass seeds in the mixture to prepare a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer;
selecting soil with a deep soil layer, fertile conveying, water retention and fertilizer retention as a planting field, carrying out deep ploughing on the planting field, wherein the deep ploughing time is 20 days before transplanting and field planting, the depth of a ploughing layer is 30 cm, and a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer is applied to the soil during deep ploughing, and the application amount of the high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer is 3 tons;
after the okra seeds germinate and grow into okra seedlings, transplanting the okra seedlings when the okra seedlings grow to 10 cm in average height, so that the okra seedlings are transplanted into the soil after deep ploughing, and synchronously transplanting a seedling culture substrate along with the okra seedlings in the transplanting process so as to form the condition of local high-selenium soil in the soil;
after transplanting and field planting, selecting high-activity microbial fertilizer, and according to the using amount of 5 kilograms per mu, irrigating the high-activity microbial fertilizer into soil along with seedling water, so that the soil fertility is increased, the okra can grow better, and meanwhile, diseases and insect pests of the okra are avoided;
spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer once to okra seedlings before the initial buds of the okra, wherein the spraying amount is 3 kilograms per mu, topdressing the soil 12 days after the initial buds of the okra, and simultaneously spraying the high-activity microbial fertilizer once to the okra seedlings in the period, wherein the dosage is 4 kilograms per mu;
the okra grows for a period of time, so that the diameter of the okra is about 10 cm, the okra can be harvested, and after harvesting, the okra is dried, so that a dry okra product is manufactured.
Example 2: firstly, selecting okra seeds, screening the okra seeds, removing small, large, damaged and shriveled okra seeds, screening high-quality okra seeds, soaking the high-quality okra seeds in 30 times of bacillus subtilis solution for 45 minutes, fishing out the okra seeds, and airing;
putting a seedling substrate into a seedling tray, spraying 3 kilograms per cubic of high-concentration high-purity multi-trace element concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium, chromium, manganese and iodine, and sowing the air-dried okra seeds into the seedling tray for seedling after spraying;
three raw materials of pig manure, crushed straw and peanut oil residue are selected to prepare the base fertilizer, and the mass ratio is 5: 4:1, fully mixing the three raw materials, keeping the humidity at 60%, adding a special high-activity microorganism decomposing agent, carrying out aerobic fermentation on the mixture for 15 days, turning the mixture once every 3 days during fermentation, and removing harmful bacteria, worm eggs and grass seeds in the mixture so as to prepare the high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer;
selecting soil with a deep soil layer, fertile conveying, water retention and fertilizer retention as a planting field, carrying out deep ploughing on the planting field, wherein the deep ploughing time is 30 days before transplanting and field planting, the depth of a ploughing layer is 30 cm, and a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer is applied to the soil during deep ploughing, and the application amount of the high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer is 2.5 tons;
after the okra seeds germinate and grow into okra seedlings, transplanting the okra seedlings when the okra seedlings grow to be more than 10 cm in average height, so that the okra seedlings are transplanted into the soil after deep ploughing, and synchronously transplanting a seedling culture substrate along with the okra seedlings in the transplanting process so as to form the condition of local high-selenium soil in the soil;
after transplanting and field planting, selecting high-activity microbial fertilizer, and according to the using amount of 5 kilograms per mu, irrigating the high-activity microbial fertilizer into soil along with seedling water, so that the soil fertility is increased, the okra can grow better, and meanwhile, diseases and insect pests of the okra are avoided;
spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer once to okra seedlings before the initial buds of the okra, wherein the spraying amount is 3 kilograms per mu, topdressing the soil after 10 days of the initial buds of the okra, the topdressing amount is 15 kilograms per mu, and simultaneously spraying the high-activity microbial fertilizer once to the okra seedlings in the period, and the using amount is 5 kilograms per mu;
the okra grows for a period of time, so that the diameter of the okra is about 9 cm, the okra can be harvested, and after harvesting, the okra is dried, so that a dry okra product is manufactured.
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for cultivating okra rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: seed selection and seed soaking
Selecting high-quality okra seeds, removing shrunken grains and damaged grains, soaking the selected high-quality okra seeds in 30 times of a bacillus subtilis solution for 30-45 minutes, and fishing out and drying the okra seeds after soaking;
step two: seedling raising
Spraying a high-concentration high-purity multi-trace element concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium, chromium, manganese and iodine into a seedling culture substrate, wherein the dosage is 3 kg/cubic, and sowing the seeds treated according to the step one into a seedling culture tray or a seedling culture bed for seedling culture;
step three: base fertilizer production
Uniformly mixing 30-50% of livestock and poultry resolution, 40-60% of straw and about 10% of oil residue, keeping the humidity at 60%, adding a special high-activity microbial decomposition agent, carrying out aerobic fermentation on compost, wherein the fermentation period is 15 days, and turning over the compost for 3-5 times during the period to eliminate harmful bacteria, ova and grass seeds in the compost, so as to prepare a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer;
step four: land selection and preparation
Selecting soil or sandy loam with thick soil layer, fertile delivery, water retention and heat preservation as a planting field, carrying out deep ploughing on the planting field 20-30 days before transplanting and planting, wherein the depth of a plough layer is about 30 cm, and applying 2-3 tons of high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer per mu in combination with deep ploughing;
step five: transplanting and field planting
Transplanting and planting okra seedlings when the okra seedlings grow to a height of about 10 cm, and transplanting seedling culture matrixes simultaneously during transplanting and planting to form local high-selenium soil;
step six: management of field
After field planting, selecting high-activity microbial fertilizer, applying the high-activity microbial fertilizer along with seedling water according to the dosage of 5 kilograms per mu, spraying the high-activity microbial fertilizer once before the early bud of the okra, wherein the dosage is 3 kilograms per mu, topdressing once 10-15 days after the early bud of the okra, and spraying the high-activity microbial fertilizer once at intervals, wherein the dosage is 3-5 kilograms per mu, and the high-activity microbial fertilizer is applied once every time;
step seven: harvesting and processing
Harvesting when the diameter of the okra is 8-10 cm, and drying to produce a dry okra product.
2. The method for cultivating abelmoschus esculentus rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the germination rate of the seeds can be effectively increased by soaking the high-quality seeds in the high-concentration bacillus subtilis solution in the first step.
3. The method for cultivating abelmoschus esculentus rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic magnesium in the second step is derived from biotransformed magnesium polysaccharide, and the content of the organic magnesium is not less than 25000 mg/kg.
4. The method for cultivating okra rich in trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium and magnesium according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, a high-concentration high-purity concentrated solution containing multiple trace elements such as organic selenium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium, chromium, manganese and iodine participates in the metabolic process of okra fruit growth in the expansion period, and the dosage requirement is as follows: the dosage is not less than 1 kg/mu every time, and the spraying is carried out once in 7-10 days.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114058470A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-18 | 乾翔农业科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich vinegar and preparation method thereof |
| CN114128854A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-04 | 乾翔农业科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich okra food slices and preparation method thereof |
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