CN111512898A - Method for cultivating golden-silk chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements - Google Patents

Method for cultivating golden-silk chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111512898A
CN111512898A CN202010238260.8A CN202010238260A CN111512898A CN 111512898 A CN111512898 A CN 111512898A CN 202010238260 A CN202010238260 A CN 202010238260A CN 111512898 A CN111512898 A CN 111512898A
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chrysanthemum
golden
silk
zinc
selenium
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孔春霞
卢学臣
孔维佳
孔怡菲
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Cheng'an Qianxiang Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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Cheng'an Qianxiang Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20Liquid fertilisers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating golden-silk king chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements, which relates to the technical field of golden-silk king chrysanthemum cultivation and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: nursing old roots; step two: seedling raising; step three: preparing a base fertilizer; step four: selecting land and preparing land; step five: transplanting and field planting; step six: managing the field; step seven: and (6) harvesting and processing. The golden-silk chrysanthemum has the effects of strong disease resistance, high yield, high quality rate, no pesticide residue, no heavy metal, rich organic selenium, high organic zinc, high organic calcium and rich nutrition, effectively improves the quality of the golden-silk chrysanthemum, ensures that the golden-silk chrysanthemum has excellent taste and rich nutrition, brings continuous and stable economic benefits for farmers or enterprises, and has popularization and application values.

Description

Method for cultivating golden-silk chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field related to agricultural planting, in particular to a method for cultivating golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements.
Background
The golden yellow chrysanthemum is from the Ming district of Haidong city, which is called as plateau selenium city in Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The golden-silk chrysanthemum is a local treasure, artificial weeding and organic farmyard manure application are adopted in the planting process, the growing environment is ecological and natural, only one bud is reserved in each branch, the larger the flower shape is, the more mellow the flower shape is, the more full the flower shape is, and the golden-silk chrysanthemum is a top-quality product of the chrysanthemum.
However, the related data on the planting of golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is very little, and a systematic cultivation technology with simple and convenient operation is not formed, so that the planting of royal chrysanthemum cannot be popularized in a large area, the development of industrialization of royal chrysanthemum is restricted, in addition, due to the large and unscientific application of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides and the disordered use of chemical substances such as growth hormone, the ecological environment of a tea garden is further deteriorated, the quality of tea leaves cannot be guaranteed, and the increase of the economic income of tea farmers is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, designs a cultivation method of golden-silk king chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements, has the effect of being rich in selenium, zinc and calcium elements, solves the problem that the quality of the golden-silk king chrysanthemum cannot be ensured due to the large unscientific application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the prior golden-silk king chrysanthemum, can effectively improve the selenium, zinc and calcium element content of the golden-silk king chrysanthemum and the quality of the golden-silk king chrysanthemum by planting the golden-silk king chrysanthemum systematically and using organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound microelement concentrated solution as a base fertilizer for cultivation, so that the golden-silk king chrysanthemum has excellent taste and rich nutrition, brings continuous and stable economic benefits for growers or enterprises, and has popularization and application values.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the cultivation method of the golden-silk chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: old root nursing
Removing overground dry branches of the collected golden-silk chrysanthemums in a seedling raising field, applying 5 kilograms of high-activity microbial fertilizer to each mu of land, carrying out flushing application along with anti-freezing water, and covering 2-3 centimeters of soil;
step two: seedling raising
Covering a film on the nursed old root seedbed, and carrying out seedling culture;
step three: base fertilizer production
Uniformly mixing 30-50% of livestock and poultry manure, 40-60% of crushed straw and 10% of oil residue, adding a special high-activity microbial decomposition agent under the condition that the humidity is kept at 60%, carrying out aerobic fermentation for 10-20 days, eliminating harmful bacteria, worm eggs and grass seeds, preparing a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer, preparing the base fertilizer, adding 1 kg of concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace elements into each 5 tons of base fertilizer, uniformly spraying the concentrated solution into the base fertilizer, and preparing the special base fertilizer for planting the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum;
step four: land selection and preparation
Selecting soil or sandy loam with deep soil layer, rich and loose soil layer, water retention and fertilizer retention as a planting field; deep ploughing the planting land about 30 days before transplanting and field planting, wherein the depth of a ploughing layer is about 30 cm, and applying 1-2 tons of base fertilizers per mu in combination with deep ploughing;
step five: transplanting and field planting
Transplanting and planting after the golden-silk chrysanthemum seedlings grow to about 15 cm;
step six: management of field
After field planting, applying high-activity microbial fertilizer along with the water for final planting according to the dosage of 5 kilograms per mu; in the growth period of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, topdressing is carried out once in 15-20 days, and 5-10 kg/mu is applied by flushing each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals in the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 2-3 kg/mu; after the initial bud of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, topdressing is carried out once in 10-15 days, and 10 kilograms per mu are applied by flushing each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals in the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 2-3 kg/mu; when the diameter of the flower reaches about 5 cm, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu; subsequently, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution once 5-7 days before harvesting, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu;
step seven: harvesting and processing
Collecting when the diameter of the golden-silk king chrysanthemum reaches 8-10 cm, and drying to produce a golden-silk king chrysanthemum dry product.
By way of limitation, the organic selenium in step three is derived from the bioconverted selenium polysaccharide and is high-purity and high-concentration organic selenium.
As another limitation, the organic zinc in the third step is derived from biotransformed zinc polysaccharide, and the content of the organic zinc is not less than 20000 mg/kg.
As a third limitation, the organic calcium in the third step is derived from biotransformed calcium polysaccharide, and the content of the organic calcium is not less than 35000 mg/kg.
As a fourth limitation, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis of the high-activity microbial fertilizer in the first step is not less than 30 hundred million/ml, and the bacillus subtilis has remarkable effects of preventing and treating diseases and inhibiting insect pests.
As another limitation, in the third step, the organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace elements participate in the whole growth and metabolism process of the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum plant, and the dosage of the concentrated solution is required to be as follows: the weight ratio of the base fertilizer is not less than 0.02 percent.
As the last limitation, in the sixth step, the compound trace elements of organic selenium, zinc and calcium participate in the growth and metabolism process of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum fruit in the expansion period, and the dosage of the concentrated solution is required to be as follows: the dosage of each time is not less than 1 kg/mu, and the total spraying times is not less than two times.
The cultivation method of the golden-silk chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements, which is manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum cultivated by the method has the effects of strong disease resistance, high yield, high quality rate, no pesticide residue, no heavy metal, rich organic selenium, high organic zinc, high organic calcium and rich nutrition, wherein the organic selenium content of the fresh golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is generally not lower than 200 micrograms/kg, the organic selenium content of the dry golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is generally not lower than 2000 micrograms/kg, the organic zinc content of the dry golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is generally not lower than 5 milligrams/kg, the organic zinc content of the dry golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is generally not lower than 50 milligrams/kg, the organic calcium content of the fresh golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is generally not lower than 300 milligrams/kg, the organic calcium content of the dry golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is generally not lower than 3000 milligrams/kg, the quality of the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is effectively improved, the mouth feel of the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum is very good, the nutrition is rich, and continuous and stable economic benefits are brought to planting households or enterprises, has popularization and application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cultivation method of King-virens with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements, according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment:
example 1:
pruning branches of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum collected in the seedling culture land, removing the dry branches above the ground, leaving the roots of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, applying high-activity microbial fertilizer in a quantity of 5 kg/mu, flushing the high-activity microbial fertilizer along with anti-freezing water, and covering the seedling culture land with soil for 3 centimeters after flushing is finished;
covering the nursed old root seedbed with a film, and starting to grow seedlings after the film covering is finished;
uniformly mixing 50% of livestock and poultry manure, 40% of crushed straws, 10% of oil residue and the like, adding a special high-activity microorganism decomposition agent under the condition that the humidity is kept at 60%, carrying out aerobic fermentation for 20 days in a cycle, and eliminating harmful bacteria, worm eggs and grass seeds in the manure, thereby preparing a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer, after the base fertilizer is prepared, adding 1 kg of concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace elements into 5 tons of base fertilizer, uniformly spraying the concentrated solution into the base fertilizer, and preparing the special base fertilizer for planting the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum;
selecting soil with deep soil layer, rich and loose soil, water retention and fertilizer retention as a planting field; deep ploughing the planting land about 30 days before transplanting and field planting, wherein the depth of a plough layer is about 30 cm, and applying 1.5 tons of prepared special base fertilizer for planting the golden yellow chrysanthemum per mu in combination with deep ploughing to increase the fertility of the soil;
transplanting and planting after the golden-silk king chrysanthemum seedlings grow to the height of about 15 cm, so that the golden-silk king chrysanthemum seedlings are transplanted into a planting field from a seedling culture field;
after field planting, applying high-activity microbial fertilizer along with the water for final planting according to the dosage of 5 kilograms per mu; in the growth period of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, topdressing is carried out once in 16 days, and 8 kilograms per mu are applied by flushing each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals during the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 2.5 kilograms per mu; topdressing once 12 days after the initial bud of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, and applying 10 kg/mu of fertilizer each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals during the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 3 kilograms per mu; when the diameter of the flower reaches about 5 cm, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu; subsequently, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution once 7 days before harvesting, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu;
when the diameter of the golden-silk king chrysanthemum is as long as 9 cm, the golden-silk king chrysanthemum is harvested, and the harvested golden-silk king chrysanthemum is dried, so that the golden-silk king chrysanthemum dry product is produced.
Example 2:
firstly, pruning branches of the golden-silk emperor chrysanthemum collected in a seedling raising field, removing the dry branches above the ground, leaving the roots of the golden-silk emperor chrysanthemum, applying high-activity microbial fertilizer in an amount of 5 kilograms per mu, flushing the high-activity microbial fertilizer along with anti-freezing water, and covering the seedling raising field with soil for 2 centimeters after flushing is finished;
covering a film on the nursed old root seedbed, and carrying out seedling culture;
uniformly mixing 44% of livestock and poultry manure, 48% of crushed straw and 8% of oil residue, adding a special high-activity microbial decomposition agent under the condition that the humidity is kept at 60%, carrying out aerobic fermentation for 15 days in a period, and eliminating harmful bacteria, worm eggs and grass seeds in the mixture, thereby preparing a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer, after the base fertilizer is prepared, adding 1 kg of concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace elements into each ton of the base fertilizer, uniformly spraying the concentrated solution into the base fertilizer, and preparing the special base fertilizer for planting the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum;
selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer, rich and loose soil, water retention and fertilizer retention as a planting field; deep ploughing the planting land about 30 days before transplanting and field planting, wherein the depth of a plough layer is about 30 cm, and applying three base fertilizers in the steps of 2 tons per mu in combination with deep ploughing;
transplanting and planting after the golden-silk chrysanthemum seedlings grow to about 15 cm;
after field planting, applying high-activity microbial fertilizer along with the water for final planting according to the dosage of 5 kilograms per mu; in the growth period of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, topdressing is carried out once in 20 days, and 10 kilograms per mu are applied by flushing each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals during the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 3 kilograms per mu; topdressing once 15 days after the initial bud of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, and applying 10 kg/mu of fertilizer each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals during the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 3 kilograms per mu; when the diameter of the flower reaches about 5 cm, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu; subsequently, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution once 6 days before harvesting, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu;
when the diameter of the golden-silk king chrysanthemum is 10 cm, the golden-silk king chrysanthemum is collected, and the collected golden-silk king chrysanthemum is dried, so that the golden-silk king chrysanthemum dry product is produced.
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A cultivation method of golden-silk chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: old root nursing
Removing overground dry branches of the collected golden-silk chrysanthemums in a seedling raising field, applying 5 kilograms of high-activity microbial fertilizer to each mu of land, carrying out flushing application along with anti-freezing water, and covering 2-3 centimeters of soil;
step two: seedling raising
Covering a film on the nursed old root seedbed, and carrying out seedling culture;
step three: base fertilizer production
Uniformly mixing 30-50% of livestock and poultry manure, 40-60% of crushed straw and 10% of oil residue, adding a special high-activity microbial decomposition agent under the condition that the humidity is kept at 60%, carrying out aerobic fermentation for 10-20 days, eliminating harmful bacteria, worm eggs and grass seeds, preparing a high-fertilizer-efficiency clean base fertilizer, preparing the base fertilizer, adding 1 kg of concentrated solution of organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace elements into each 5 tons of base fertilizer, uniformly spraying the concentrated solution into the base fertilizer, and preparing the special base fertilizer for planting the golden-silk royal chrysanthemum;
step four: land selection and preparation
Selecting soil or sandy loam with deep soil layer, rich and loose soil layer, water retention and fertilizer retention as a planting field; deep ploughing the planting land about 30 days before transplanting and field planting, wherein the depth of a ploughing layer is about 30 cm, and applying 1-2 tons of base fertilizers per mu in combination with deep ploughing;
step five: transplanting and field planting
Transplanting and planting after the golden-silk chrysanthemum seedlings grow to about 15 cm;
step six: management of field
After field planting, applying high-activity microbial fertilizer along with the water for final planting according to the dosage of 5 kilograms per mu; in the growth period of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, topdressing is carried out once in 15-20 days, and 5-10 kg/mu is applied by flushing each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals in the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 2-3 kg/mu; after the initial bud of the golden-silk Huang chrysanthemum, topdressing is carried out once in 10-15 days, and 10 kilograms per mu are applied by flushing each time; spraying high-activity microbial fertilizer at intervals in the period, wherein the dosage of each time is 2-3 kg/mu; when the diameter of the flower reaches about 5 cm, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu; subsequently, spraying organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace element concentrated solution once 5-7 days before harvesting, wherein the dosage is 1 kg/mu;
step seven: harvesting and processing
Collecting when the diameter of the golden-silk king chrysanthemum reaches 8-10 cm, and drying to produce a golden-silk king chrysanthemum dry product.
2. The method for cultivating "jin ihuang" chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium content "as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic selenium in step three is derived from the biotransformed selenium polysaccharide, and is high purity and high concentration organic selenium.
3. The method for cultivating "jin ihuang" chrysanthemum with high Se, Zn and Ca content as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic Zn in step three is derived from the biotransformed Zn polysaccharide, and its content is less than 20000 mg/kg.
4. The method for cultivating "jin ihuang" chrysanthemum with high Se, Zn and Ca contents as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic Ca in step three is derived from the biotransformed Ca polysaccharide, and its content is not lower than 35000 mg/kg.
5. The cultivation method of high-selenium, high-zinc and high-calcium microelement golden-silk chrysanthemum according to claim 1, wherein the viable count of bacillus subtilis of the high-activity microbial fertilizer in the first step is not less than 30 hundred million/ml, and the cultivation method has obvious effects of preventing and treating diseases and inhibiting insect pests.
6. The method for cultivating "jin Si Huang Ju" with high Se, Zn and Ca content as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic Se, Zn and Ca content of the said step III is added to the whole process of the plant growth and metabolism of "jin Huang Ju", and the amount of the concentrated solution is required to be: the weight ratio of the base fertilizer is not less than 0.02 percent.
7. The method for cultivating "jinhuaihuang" chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium content according to claim 1, wherein the organic selenium, zinc and calcium compound trace elements in the sixth step participate in the metabolic process of the jinhuaihuang chrysanthemum during the fruit expansion period, and the dosage of the concentrated solution is required to be: the dosage of each time is not less than 1 kg/mu, and the total spraying times is not less than two times.
CN202010238260.8A 2020-03-30 2020-03-30 Method for cultivating golden-silk chrysanthemum with high selenium, zinc and calcium microelements Pending CN111512898A (en)

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