CN107974210A - 用于多层胶粘粘合元件的等离子体处理 - Google Patents
用于多层胶粘粘合元件的等离子体处理 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107974210A CN107974210A CN201710991228.5A CN201710991228A CN107974210A CN 107974210 A CN107974210 A CN 107974210A CN 201710991228 A CN201710991228 A CN 201710991228A CN 107974210 A CN107974210 A CN 107974210A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
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- H01L21/02315—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer pre-treatment treatment by exposure to a gas or vapour treatment by exposure to a plasma
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/02—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/14—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by plasma treatment
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- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/003—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to insulating material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
通过用胶带缠绕能够横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物的粘合方法,其中:从胶带卷展开胶带,展开的胶带在载体膜(1)的一侧上设有胶浆层(2)并且在相对的侧上设有分离剂层(3),使分离剂层(3)经受等离子体处理,围绕能够横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物卷绕经等离子体处理的胶带,使得胶带的至少一部分通过胶浆层(2)粘合至下方绕卷层。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通过用胶带缠绕横向于绕卷(卷绕物,匝,winding)膨胀的中间物(medium)的粘合方法。本发明进一步涉及具有卷绕于自身之上的胶带的装置以及用于施加胶带的施加器。
背景技术
胶带的一系列应用是已知的,其中胶带围绕中间物多次卷绕于自身之上。例如,当制造高电压电池时,胶带围绕自身卷绕并且以若干个层粘合在一起。不仅通过在卷绕本身的行为期间产生的预载荷而且还通过在电池充电和放电期间的膨胀过程对卷绕结构施加力。在一些应用中,可用丝(长丝,丝状体,filament)增强胶带。所述丝优选地在胶带的纵向方向上延伸并且相当大地提高胶带的拉伸强度。然而,在多次卷绕的情况下,叠合的绕卷的粘附力带来超过胶带的拉伸强度的困难。一般地,胶带在其施用之前以胶带卷的形式供应。为此,胶带的反面,即在载体膜上面向胶浆层的那侧,在外面配备有分离层。分离层降低在载体膜和下一个胶带绕卷的胶浆层之间的分离力,并且正是其使得可首先从胶带卷展开胶带。这使得无需使用衬垫并降低了成本。分离层可为包含硅酮(有机硅)的层或剥离涂层。在胶带被展开之后分离层通常保留在载体膜的外侧上并且当随后围绕中间物(例如高电压电池)卷绕该胶带时当然也降低胶带的一个绕卷和该胶带的下一个在外的绕卷之间的分离力。特别地在横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物(例如高电压电池)的情况下,这可导致卷绕的胶带的绕卷由于产生的膨胀力而变得分离。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供通过缠绕横向膨胀的中间物的粘合方法,其避免前述的缺点。
本发明的另外的目的是提供具有与其自身粘合并且避免前述缺点的胶带的装置(device)。
本发明的另外的目的是提供可用其来实施根据本发明的方法的施加器(applicator)。
在其第一方面中,该目的使用具有权利要求1的特征的如介绍中所述的方法解决。
用于根据本发明的方法的胶带包括载体膜,所述载体膜优选地在胶带的整个长度和宽度上延伸。胶浆层优选地设置在载体膜的一侧的整个范围(展开,expanse)上,并且分离剂层也在整个范围上设置在载体膜的相反侧上。
胶带以胶带卷的形式提供并且从胶带卷展开以供施用。在胶带或胶带的一部分被展开之后,使分离剂层的外侧经受等离子体处理。然后,以这样的方式围绕横向膨胀的中间物卷绕经等离子体处理的胶带,使得该胶带的至少一部分粘合至与其直接相邻的下方绕卷层上的胶浆层。
优选地,还提供如下:在等离子体处理之后,以若干个绕卷层的形式围绕横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物卷绕胶带,所述若干个绕卷层以一个在另一个之上的方式粘合。根据本发明,胶带也至少沿着绕卷层的一部分或沿着若干个绕卷层粘附于自身。
膜如PA、PU或PVC、聚烯烃或聚酯、优选地PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)的聚酯适合用作载体膜。该膜自身继而可由多个单层(例如为产生膜而被共挤出的层)组成。
优选使用聚烯烃,但是也包括乙烯和极性单体(如苯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯或丙烯酸)的共聚物。其可为乙烯或其它烯烃(如丙烯、丁烯、己烯或辛烯)的均聚物(如HDPE、LDPE、MDPE)或共聚物(例如LLDPE、VLDPE)。聚丙烯(例如聚丙烯均聚物、聚丙烯无规共聚物或聚丙烯嵌段共聚物)也是合适的。
单轴和双轴拉伸的膜使得自身极好地用作根据本发明的膜。例如,单轴拉伸的聚丙烯的特征在于非常良好的撕裂强度和低的纵向膨胀。
特别优选的是基于聚酯的膜、特别地由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制成的那些。
该膜优选地具有12μm-100μm、更优选地28μm-50μm、特别地36μm的厚度。
该膜可为有色的和/或透明的。
胶浆层设置在载体膜的一侧上,优选地完全覆盖它。可使用所有已知的胶浆体系。
除了基于天然或合成橡胶的胶粘剂之外,特别地可使用硅酮和聚丙烯酸酯胶浆,优选地低分子丙烯酸酯热熔胶浆。后一物质被更详细地描述于DE 198 07 752 A1和DE 10011 788 A1中。基于丙烯酸酯的UV交联的胶浆也是合适的。
涂层重量优选地在15-200g/m2、更优选地30-120g/m2、特别优选地50g/m2的范围内(大致对应于15-200μm、更优选地30-120μm、特别优选地50μm的厚度)。
胶浆优选地为压敏胶浆,即为永久粘性且在室温下在干燥状态下能够保持粘结的粘弹性化合物。使用轻压力立即地且在几乎所有的基底上发生粘附。
使用包含聚合物嵌段的基于聚合物嵌段的压敏胶粘剂。这些优选地为由乙烯基芳族化合物(A嵌段)如苯乙烯制备的和通过1,3-二烯(B嵌段)如丁二烯和异戊二烯的聚合制造的那些或这二者的共聚物。也可使用不同嵌段共聚物的混合物。优选部分地或完全地氢化的产品。
嵌段共聚物可具有线性A-B-A结构。同样可使用放射状的嵌段共聚物以及星形和线性的多嵌段共聚物。
也可使用如下代替聚苯乙烯嵌段:基于具有>约75℃的玻璃化转变温度的其它包含芳族化合物的均聚物和共聚物(优选地C8-至C12芳族化合物)的聚合物嵌段,例如包含α-甲基苯乙烯的芳族化合物嵌段。也可使用基于具有>+75℃的玻璃化转变温度的(甲基)丙烯酸酯均聚物和(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的聚合物嵌段。在这种情况下,可使用的嵌段共聚物包括使用仅基于(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物的硬嵌段的那些或者使用聚芳族化合物嵌段(例如聚苯乙烯嵌段)和聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯嵌段二者的那些。
除非在个别情况下另有说明,否则非无机材料和主要并非无机的材料、特别地有机材料和聚合物材料的玻璃化转变温度特性是指根据DIN 53765:1994-03(参见2.2.1节)的玻璃化转变温度值Tg。
根据本发明,也可使用如下代替苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物和苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物和/或其氢化产物是因此的苯乙烯-乙烯/丁烯嵌段共聚物和苯乙烯-乙烯/丙烯嵌段共聚物:使用包含其它的聚二烯的弹性体嵌段的嵌段共聚物和这样的嵌段共聚物的氢化产物,例如多个不同的1,3-二烯的共聚物。根据本发明也可使用官能化的嵌段共聚物如马来酸酐改性或硅烷改性的苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。
嵌段共聚物的典型应用浓度在30重量%-70重量%的范围内、特别地在35重量%-55重量%的范围内。
可存在并且可代替最多达一半的包含乙烯基芳族化合物的嵌段共聚物的其它聚合物包括基于纯烃的聚合物例如不饱和聚二烯如天然或合成聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯、化学上基本上饱和的弹性体如饱和的乙烯-丙烯共聚物、α-烯烃共聚物、聚异丁烯、丁基橡胶、乙烯-丙烯橡胶和化学上官能化的烃如含卤素、丙烯酸酯或乙烯基醚的聚烯烃。
胶粘剂树脂充当增粘剂。
适合的胶粘剂树脂优选地包括基于松香或松香衍生物等的部分或完全氢化的树脂。也可使用至少部分氢化的烃树脂、例如通过含芳族化合物的烃树脂的部分或完全氢化获得的氢化的烃树脂(例如由Arakawa制造的Arkon P和Arkon M系列或由Eastman制造的Regalite系列)、基于氢化的二环戊二烯聚合物的烃树脂(例如由Exxon制造的Escorez5300系列)、基于氢化的C5/C9树脂的烃树脂(由Exxon制造的Escorez 5600系列)或基于氢化的C5树脂的烃树脂(由Eastman制造的Eastotac)和/或其混合物。
也可使用基于聚萜烯的氢化的聚萜烯树脂。可单独地或以混合物使用前述增粘树脂。
典型地可使用光稳定剂如UV吸收剂、空间受阻胺、抗臭氧剂、金属减活剂、加工剂和末端嵌段增强树脂作为另外的添加剂。
例如,典型地使用液体树脂、工艺用油或低分子液体聚合物例如具有<1500g/mol的分子量(数均)的低分子聚异丁烯或液体EPDM类型作为增塑剂。
胶浆可以比胶带载体窄的带的形式在胶带的纵向方向上施用。
经涂覆的带可如载体材料的10-80%宽。在这样的情况下,特别优选使用具有如载体材料的20-50%宽的涂层的带。
取决于预定的用途,载体材料可涂覆有若干个平行的胶粘剂带。
该带在载体上的位置是可自由选择的,尽管其优选地直接布置在载体的边缘之一上。
最后,胶带可包括覆盖材料,一个胶浆层被该覆盖材料覆盖直至其准备使用。以上详细列举的所有材料均适合用作覆盖材料。
然而,优选使用无绒(lint-free)材料,例如塑料膜或完全胶合层压的长纤维纸。
胶浆可由溶液、分散体或由熔体制造和加工。优选的制造和加工方法由溶液和熔体进行。胶浆特别优选地由熔体制造,其中特别地可使用间歇式方法或连续方法。借助于挤出机的压敏胶粘剂的连续制造是特别有利的。
由熔体加工可涉及经由喷嘴或压延机的施加方法。
仅举几例,基于溶液的已知方法包括使用刮刀、刀片或喷嘴的涂覆。
在载体膜的相反侧(即面向胶浆层的那侧)上,载体膜配备有分离剂层。分离剂层优选地也完全覆盖载体膜的相反侧。
分离剂(也称为剥离剂)可具有多种形式。合适的分离剂包括基于长链烷基基团的表面活性剂剥离体系如磺基琥珀酸硬脂基酯或磺基琥珀酰胺酸硬脂基酯;以及聚合物,其可选自聚乙烯基硬脂基氨基甲酸酯、聚乙烯亚胺硬脂基碳酰胺、C14–C28脂肪酸的铬络合物和硬脂基共聚物,例如如DE 28 45 541 A中所述的。基于具有全氟化烷基基团的丙烯酸类聚合物、硅酮(有机硅)或氟硅酮化合物、例如基于聚(二甲基-)硅氧烷的分离剂也是合适的。剥离层特别优选地包括基于硅酮的聚合物。这样的活性的基于硅酮的剥离聚合物的特别优选的实例包括聚氨酯改性和/或聚尿酸改性的硅酮、优选地有机聚硅氧烷/聚尿酸/聚氨酯嵌段共聚物、特别优选地如EP 1 336 683 B1的实施例19中所述的、最特别优选地具有70%的硅酮重量比例和30mgKOH/g的酸值的阴离子稳定化的聚氨酯改性和聚尿酸改性的硅酮。聚氨酯改性和/或聚尿酸改性的硅酮的使用确保根据本发明的产品呈现优化的分离行为(性能)以及优化的对老化剂的耐受性和通用的可标记(书写,writing)性质。在本发明的优选实施方式中,剥离层包括10-20重量%、特别优选地13-18重量%的活性分离组分。
使用已知胶带的问题是如下的事实:理想地,分离剂层应降低胶浆层和载体膜之间的分离力,使得胶带可卷绕于自身之上以供存储,并且使得胶粘剂稍后能够被再次展开。展开的胶带仍然具有分离剂层,使得在稍后围绕具有可变的横向尺寸的中间物再次卷绕胶带时,胶浆层和在其之下的载体膜之间的分离力变弱,这次是不利的,并且卷绕的强度降低。
然而,令人惊讶地,已经发现,如果用等离子体处理在外侧上(即在面向载体膜的那侧上)的分离剂层,则通过在胶带被展开之后对展开的胶带施用等离子体处理分离力可提高至出乎预料地高的程度。
电晕处理(其为一种类型的等离子体处理)定义为通过具有丝状放电的两个电极之间的高AC电压产生的表面处理,其中离散的放电通道入射在待处理的表面上,也参见Wagner等人,Vacuum,71(2003),417-436页。环境空气、二氧化碳或氮气、惰性气体或氧气可用作工艺气体。也可将来自如下的组的另外的气相物质添加到工艺气体中:硅氧烷、丙烯酸或溶剂或氢气、烷烃、烯烃、炔烃、硅烷、硅有机单体、丙烯酸酯单体、水、醇、过氧化物和有机酸。
使基底几乎总是置于或通过一个电极和对电极之间的放电空间,这被定义为“直接”物理处理。典型地使幅面状基底在电极和接地辊之间通过。
特别地在工业应用的情况下,术语“电晕”通常理解为是指介质阻挡放电(DBD)。在该情况下,电极的至少一个由电中间物即绝缘体组成、或者涂覆或覆盖有这样的材料。第二电极配备有小的半径(radii)或尖部以产生电晕效果、在电场中的大梯度效果。在该情况下,基底也可充当电中间物。
电晕处理的强度表示为以[Wmin/m2]计的“剂量”,其中剂量D=P/b*v,其中P=电输出功率[W],b=电极宽度[m],和v=幅面速率[m/min]。
使基底几乎总是置于或通过一个电极和对电极之间的放电空间,这定义为“直接”物理处理。在这种情况下,典型地使幅面状基底通过电极和接地辊之间。有时,也使用术语“吹气电晕”或“一侧电晕”。
从FR 2 443 753已知用于借助电晕放电进行表面处理的装置。在该装置中,两个电极布置在待处理的物体表面的同一侧上,并且第一电极由多个点组成,沿着所述多个点设置第二电极的弯曲布置。在两个电极之间施加具有10kHz频率的数kV的AC电压。然后,沿着场线的电晕放电在表面被输送通过时作用在该表面上,极化该表面,使得胶浆对用电晕效果处理的表面的粘结性质得以改善。
通过如下可以更均匀的强度处理不同性质、形状和厚度的材料:摒除如在电晕放电中使用的放电丝并且选择如EP 0 497 996 B1中所述的双针电极,其中各自存在一个通道以向相应的针电极施加压力。在两个电极尖部之间产生电晕放电并且使流动通过通道的气体离子化,将其转化成等离子体。然后,该等离子体以远程或余辉等离子体的形式经由气流到达待处理的表面,并且特别地那里引起改善表面的可润湿性的表面氧化。该物理处理的性质(此处)定义为间接的,因为该处理不是在放电发生的位置处进行的。表面的处理在大气压或接近于大气压下进行,尽管可增加放电空间或气体通道中的压力。在这种情况下,等离子体理解为大气压等离子体,其为电活化的均相反应性气体,该气体在作用区域中在接近于大气压的压力下不处于热平衡。该气体通过放电和电场中的离子化过程来活化,并且在气体组分中产生高激发态。使用的气体和气体混合物被称为工艺气体。空气、二氧化碳、惰性气体、氮气或氧气或其混合物优选地用作工艺气体。通常,也可将气相物质如硅氧烷、丙烯酸或溶剂、或其它气相物质如硅氧烷、丙烯酸或氢气、烷烃、烯烃、炔烃、硅烷、硅-有机单体、丙烯酸酯单体、水、醇、过氧化物和有机酸或其它组分添加到工艺气体中。大气压等离子体的组分可为工艺气体的高度激发的原子态、高度激发的分子态、离子、电子或未改变的组分。大气压等离子体不是在真空中产生的,而是典型地在空气环境中产生的。这意味着,即使工艺气体本身不是空气,辐射的等离子体也至少包含环境空气的组分。
在根据先前定义的电晕放电中,施加的高电压用于形成具有加速的电子和离子的丝状放电通道。特别地,轻的电子以足以破坏大多数分子键的能量以高速撞击表面。此外产生的反应性气体组分的反应性很大程度上是不那么重要的影响。然后,断裂的键位点继续与空气中或工艺气体中的组分反应。决定性的影响是通过电子轰击分解的短链副产物的形成。在更大强度的处理中,也发生显著的材料侵蚀。
等离子体和基底表面之间的反应增强等离子体组分的直接“引入”的效果。替代地,可在表面上产生激发态或开放的键位点和自由基(基团),其然后继续与例如环境空气中的氧进行二次反应。在一些气体如惰性气体的情况下,可忽略工艺气体的原子或分子和基底之间的化学键。在这种情况下,基底的活化仅仅经由二次反应发生。
因此,主要的区别是,在所述等离子体处理的情况下,不存在来自离散的放电通道的对表面的直接影响。因此,影响均匀且温和地、并且主要地经由反应性气体组分发生。在间接等离子体处理中,自由电子可存在但不是经加速的,因为该处理在将产生的电场之外进行。
作为物种的组合的结果,所述等离子体处理比电晕处理更均匀且不那么苛刻,因为没有离散的放电通道入射在表面上。产生较少的经处理的材料的分解的短链副产物,其可形成损害表面的层。这是为何与电晕处理之后相比在等离子体处理之后常常可获得更好的可润湿性特性并且效果保持更久的原因。
所述目的进一步地使用如权利要求14中所述的根据本发明的施加器解决。
在手工和工业环境二者中,产生等离子体的装置可被集成到用于将胶带施加至中间物或基底的施加器中。所述施加器可自动地、手动地或在技术支持下手动地操作。
根据本发明的施加器包括:胶带卷和用于从胶带卷展开胶带的装置,其中从胶带卷展开的胶带在载体膜的一侧上配备有胶浆层并在相反侧上配备有分离剂层,并且其包括等离子体喷嘴,该等离子体喷嘴指向展开的胶带的分离剂层。
优选地,等离子体喷嘴和用于展开的装置(其特别地为用于胶带卷的收集销(pin))的位置和/或其中展开的胶带被输送通过等离子体嘴的区域相对于彼此固定并且不变,使得分离剂层在其被展开时经历均匀的等离子体处理。
有利地,施加器装配有用于胶带的切割装置。采用切割装置,可切割展开的和粘合的胶带。
施加器特别优选地包括用于在等离子体处理期间产生的反应副产物(如臭氧或氮的氧化物)的抽吸装置。
施加器还可包括用于将胶带压向基底的夹送辊。
也可设置收集装置用于存在的任何衬垫。
将胶带以这样的方式引导通过施加器,使得胶带的等离子体处理可具有恒定的处理参数如离等离子体源的距离和处理速率。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,胶带包括在胶带的纵向方向上延伸并由此其拉伸强度得到提高的至少一个丝。特别地,这样的丝可为玻璃丝或PET丝。该丝可结合到载体膜中和/或胶浆层中。该丝典型地由单丝的束组成,其中所述束由通过上浆(即,用粘合剂)粘在一起的单丝形成。
该丝可纵向地在彼此旁边并且彼此间隔一定距离地布置,或者它们也可作为稀松布或机织织物被结合到载体膜或胶浆层或二者中。
丝稀松布或机织织物具有优选地至少100N/cm、更优选地200N/cm、特别优选地500N/cm的纵向拉伸强度。
用于产生稀松布或机织织物的纱优选地具有80-2200分特、更优选地280-1100分特的强度。
对本发明的目的来说,丝理解为直的平行的单纤维/单丝的束,其也常常在文献中被称为复丝。任选地,该纤维束可通过围绕其自身扭转来硬化,在该情况下该丝被说成是纺成的或缠绕的(盘绕的,twined)。替代地,通过用压缩空气或水射流搅拌可使纤维束内在地硬化。在随后的文本中,丝的通常名称将用于涉及所有这些实施方式。
该丝可为有纹理的或光滑的并且可为点硬化的(spot-stiffened)或者根本未硬化的。
稀松布/机织织物随后可为已经染色的或者其可由染色的细纱(spun dyed yarn)制成。
该丝更优选地由聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯或聚酰胺、更优选地聚酯(Diolen)组成。
本发明的目的在其第二方面中使用具有权利要求8的特征的装置解决。
术语装置在这里应被一般地进行解释。它包括其尺寸横向于绕卷可变的中间物,例如变压器、包装、钢束、电池和高电压电池。优选地,中间物优选地在温度的影响下在横向于绕卷的尺寸上是可改变的。围绕横向于绕卷的中间物设置卷绕于自身之上的胶带,该带环绕中间物,与其平齐地摆放并且与其粘合。
所述装置包括卷绕于自身之上的胶带,该胶带具有载体膜,在载体膜的一侧上施加胶浆层并且在载体膜的另一侧上施加在外的经等离子体处理的分离剂层。特别地,设置胶带用于围绕能够横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物(如高电压电池)卷绕。所述装置特别地出于胶带的目的并且优选地通过前述方法之一来制造。
附图说明
将参照图中的示例性实施方式描述本发明。
在图中
图1显示动态剪切测试的示意图,
图2显示根据本发明的胶带的示例性结构。
图3显示由等离子体处理造成的抗剪切性的提高。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及用于围绕横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物卷绕多次的方法。这样的用途的实例是高电压电池的制造,其中胶带以多个层粘合至自身。通过在卷绕自身的行为期间产生的预载荷以及通过在电池充电和放电时的膨胀过程对卷绕的胶带施加力。为了能够在电池的膨胀期间维持作用在胶带上的拉伸力,将胶带用纵向延伸的一个或多个丝增强。
根据本发明的胶带包括载体膜1和在载体膜1的一侧上的胶浆层2和在相反侧上的分离剂层3。使用丙烯酸酯胶浆作为压敏胶粘剂。在这种情况下,使用硅酮作为分离剂。硅酮的性质之一是它降低了卷绕成卷的胶带上的相邻层之间的胶浆层2和载体膜1之间的分离力,使得上层的胶浆层2和紧邻于它的层的载体膜1之间的胶带可容易地被撕开并且再施用。分离剂作为分离剂层3保留在载体膜1上,使得当胶带在围绕高电压电池卷绕该胶带时被再次施用时,胶带的相邻层之间的分离力降低,在这种情况下是不期望地。
测试已施加至载体膜的一侧的胶浆对另一侧的粘合强度的一种可能的方式是测定对另一侧的粘结的剪切强度。用于测定剪切强度的方法是如图1中展示的动态剪切测试。测试如下进行。将尺寸40x 25mm的胶带条在25x25mm的区域上粘至尺寸40x 25mm的胶带条的背面侧;以100N/cm2按压粘结区域一分钟。将胶带集合体通过突出的胶带条连接至拉伸测试机;将样品以50mm/分钟的速率拉开并且测量使胶带条已经被剪切掉的相对于粘结面积的力(N/cm2)。拉伸力用箭头指示。
为了简化,在上方胶带条上的胶浆完全没有示出。而且,仅在第二条上的粘结区域中显示胶浆。
紧接在将胶带施加至胶带的背面侧之前的等离子体处理形式的物理表面处理具有优化表面的粘结的效果。在这种情况下,载体膜为PET膜。下图显示由于等离子体处理,抗剪切性明显地提高并且以令人惊讶的程度提高达几乎6倍,尽管胶带的背面侧已经涂覆有硅酮(参见图3)。
与未经历背面侧的等离子体处理的胶带相比,在胶带绕卷形式的多层粘合布置中产生显著更可靠的粘接。即使如此,胶带仍可容易地从在其上以与以前相同的方式提供的胶带卷展开。
附图标记列表
1 载体膜
2 胶浆层
3 分离剂层
Claims (16)
1.通过用胶带缠绕能够横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物的粘合方法,其中:
从胶带卷展开胶带,
展开的胶带在载体膜(1)的一侧上设有胶浆层(2)并且在相对的侧上设有分离剂层(3),
使分离剂层(3)经受等离子体处理,
围绕能够横向于绕卷膨胀的中间物卷绕经等离子体处理的胶带,使得胶带的至少一部分粘合至下方绕卷层上的胶浆层(2)。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于以若干个绕卷层围绕中间物卷绕胶带,所述若干个绕卷层以一个在另一个之上的方式粘合。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于胶带配备有提高其拉伸强度的至少一个丝。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3任一项的方法,其特征在于在分离剂层(3)中的分离剂选自以下的组:基于长链烷基基团的表面活性剂剥离体系如磺基琥珀酸硬脂基酯或磺基琥珀酰胺酸硬脂基酯;聚合物,其可来自聚乙烯基硬脂基氨基甲酸酯、聚乙烯亚胺硬脂基碳酰胺、C14–C28脂肪酸的铬络合物和硬脂基共聚物或者基于具有全氟化的烷基基团的丙烯酸类聚合物;硅酮或氟硅酮化合物、特别地基于聚(二甲基-)硅氧烷。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项的方法,其特征在于胶浆层(2)的胶浆选自以下的组:基于天然或合成橡胶的胶浆、硅酮胶浆和特别地聚丙烯酸酯胶浆。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项的方法,其特征在于将空气、二氧化碳、惰性气体、氮气或氧气或其混合物用作用于等离子体处理的工艺气体。
7.根据权利要求6的方法,其特征在于将来自以下的组的另外的气相物质添加到工艺气体中:硅氧烷、丙烯酸或溶剂或氢气、烷烃、烯烃、炔烃、硅烷、硅-有机单体、丙烯酸酯单体、水、醇、过氧化物和有机酸。
8.装置,其具有:
中间物,其尺寸横向于绕卷是可变的;和
胶带,其围绕横向于绕卷的中间物卷绕在自身之上,所述胶带具有载体膜(1),在载体膜(1)的一侧上施加胶浆层(2),并且在载体膜(1)的另一侧上施加经等离子体处理的分离剂层(3)。
9.根据权利要求8的装置,其特征在于将胶带以一个在另一个之上的若干个绕卷层进行粘合。
10.根据权利要求8或9的装置,其特征在于胶带包括提高其拉伸强度的至少一个丝。
11.根据权利要求8、9或10任一项的装置,其特征在于在胶带中设置多个丝。
12.根据权利要求8-11任一项的装置,其特征在于在分离剂层(3)中的分离剂源自以下的组:基于长链烷基基团的表面活性剂剥离体系如磺基琥珀酸硬脂基酯或磺基琥珀酰胺酸硬脂基酯;聚合物,其可来自聚乙烯基硬脂基氨基甲酸酯、聚乙烯亚胺硬脂基碳酰胺、C14-C28脂肪酸的铬络合物和硬脂基共聚物或者基于具有全氟化的烷基基团的丙烯酸类聚合物;硅酮或氟硅酮化合物、特别地基于聚(二甲基-)硅氧烷。
13.根据权利要求8-12任一项的装置,其特征在于胶浆层(2)中的胶浆源自以下的组:基于天然或合成橡胶的胶浆、硅酮胶浆和特别地聚丙烯酸酯胶浆。
14.施加器,其具有:
胶带卷和用于从胶带卷展开胶带的装置,其中从胶带卷展开的胶带在载体膜(1)的一侧上配备有胶浆层(2)并且在相反侧上配备有分离剂层(3),
和等离子体喷嘴,其指向展开的胶带的分离剂层(3)。
15.根据权利要求14的施加器,其特征在于用于胶带的切割装置。
16.根据权利要求14或15的施加器,其特征在于用于在等离子体处理期间产生的反应副产物的抽吸装置。
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KR20180044203A (ko) | 2018-05-02 |
KR102066038B1 (ko) | 2020-01-14 |
BR102017021226A2 (pt) | 2018-05-02 |
MX2017013326A (es) | 2018-09-27 |
EP3312252A1 (de) | 2018-04-25 |
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