CN107926554A - A kind of double direct-seeding high-yield efficient cultivation methods of double cropping of rice - Google Patents
A kind of double direct-seeding high-yield efficient cultivation methods of double cropping of rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN107926554A CN107926554A CN201711314583.5A CN201711314583A CN107926554A CN 107926554 A CN107926554 A CN 107926554A CN 201711314583 A CN201711314583 A CN 201711314583A CN 107926554 A CN107926554 A CN 107926554A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, more particularly to a kind of method of the double direct-seeding high-yield Efficient Cultivations of double cropping of rice, applicant limits the sowing time by reasonably combined early rice and Varieties In Late Rice, early rice safe seeding date is April 5 15, and late rice safe seeding date is July 15 25；Double cropping of rice double live fertilizer management patterns and water management pattern are determined, the double season direct-sowing cultivating method morning and evening total yields of double cropping of rice are at least up to 960 kilograms per acre, and some collocation can realize ton mu grain.Compared with tradition transplants double cropping of rice, 10% or so can be increased production, and double cropping of rice it is double it is live significantly alleviate labor intensity, be worth significantly promoting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of side of the double direct-seeding high-yield Efficient Cultivations of double cropping of rice
Method.
Background technology
Double cropping of rice is the effective measures for improving rice multiple crop index, to ensure that the grain security in China is made that great tribute
Offer.The warm light aboundresources of double rice cropping system, the cultivated area of rice is big, wherein the only single, double season rice rice workspace in Central China just accounts for the whole nation
The 59% of Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area, is China important grain-production.In recent years, with the fast development of economic society, work
Intensity is big, economic benefit is low, causes the enthusiasm of peasant planting double cropping of rice to decline, and mono-season medium rice gradually starts to substitute double cropping of rice.
It is reported that 1998-2006, the double cropping of rice at least 26,000,000 mu of China double cropping of rice producing region is changed to the single harvest rice, causes rice to be answered
Kind of index and total yield substantially reduce.Traditional transplanting double cropping of rice productive labor intensity is big, this is primarily due to every year have twice
Seedling and transplanting process.For this problem, the double live-modes of double cropping of rice are used in the suitable double rice cropping system of Thermo-Photo sensitive, i.e.,
Early, late rice all uses live, and cooperative mechanicalization harvest can be greatly decreased the working feature of double cropping of rice production and work by force
Degree, is conducive to fundamentally transfer the enthusiasm of peasant planting double cropping of rice, improves the planting benefit and anniversary total output of rice.
There is presently no the specific breed collocation for determining really meet the double live requirements of double cropping of rice, cultivation technique is also unworthy of
Set.Therefore, research purpose of the invention is to determine that suitable double rice cropping system carries out the high-yield rice kind of the double live-modes of double cropping of rice
Collocation, improves and forms corresponding Standardized cultural technique system and technical regulation, to realize the double live annual high-yield flats of double cropping of rice
Technical support is provided, the large-area applications of the double direct seeding high yield planting technologies of double cropping of rice are promoted with this and ensure national food security.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of double direct-seeding high-yield efficient cultivation methods of double cropping of rice, applicant by reasonably combined early rice and
Varieties In Late Rice, effective adjustment has been carried out for the collocation to live time, fertilization mode and water management so that double cropping of rice is double
Live broadcasting method transplants double cropping of rice method than tradition, has increased production 10%, while save a large amount of labours.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical measures：
A kind of double direct-seeding high-yield efficient cultivation methods of double cropping of rice, comprise the following steps：
1) usual manner site preparation and seed soaking are used, vernalization to broken chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5-1.5 centimetres of root long, and bud is 0.3-0.8 lis long
Rice starts to sow, and early rice was sowed 5-15 days April, and application rate is 5-7 kgs/acre；Late rice was sowed 15-25 days July, application rate
For 4-6 kgs/acre；
2) fertilizer application：2-4 kgs/acre of urea is applied weekly, is terminated to full heading time；Base manure applies calcium superphosphate per acre
30-50 kilograms and 4-6 kilograms of potassium chloride；6-8 kilograms of potassium chloride is imposed per acre in the rice young panicle idiophase；
3) water management：After planting to 2 leaf phase front row solid carbon dioxides；Start when stem tiller number reaches the 70-85% of plan spike number
Draining dry field；Jointing stage rehydration keeps 3-5 centimetres of water layer；Start draining within 7 days before harvesting；
4) prevention of weeds and pest and disease damage is carried out in a conventional manner；
5) harvest；
The early rice is Hunan morning Xian 6 or early pearls, and late rice is morning Xian 615 or special early 2961.
In schemes described above, it is preferred that step 4) is specially：After planting sprayed with the full field of live rice herbicides, spray
Field drains water layer and keeps moistening during medicine；When rice seedling grows 2-3 piece leaves, after field water falls and does, weeding is selected according to careless feelings
Agent carries out benefit and removes；In seedling stage, thrips is prevented emphatically；Middle and later periods, colony was larger, paid attention to banded sclerotial blight, snout moth's larva and the prevention of planthopper；
Stringent disease and pest control in whole growth course, prevents the underproduction.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
The present invention provides a kind of double direct-seeding high-yield efficient cultivation methods of double cropping of rice, the invention cultivation technical specification letter
It is single easy, it is effective.In the double live broadcast systems of double cropping of rice, early rice safe seeding date is 5-15 days April, late rice safe seeding date
For 15-25 days July；It is determined that the double live fertilizer management patterns of double cropping of rice are (whole to full heading time weekly using 2.1 kgs/acre of urea
Only；Base manure applies 5 kilograms of 40 kilograms of calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride per acre；Potassium chloride 7.6 is imposed per acre in the rice young panicle idiophase
Kilogram) (season morning and evening must after planting drain water to water management pattern, prevent early season stain evil and caused by late season water temperature over-high burns kind
The problem of Basic Seedling is insufficient) etc. corresponding cultivation techniques.Under the conditions of this variety matching and complete sets of Techniques, the double live systems of double cropping of rice
Season morning and evening total yield of uniting is at least up to 960 kilograms per acre, and some collocation can realize ton mu grain.Compared with tradition transplants double cropping of rice,
Can increase production 10% or so, and double cropping of rice it is double it is live significantly alleviate labor intensity, two seasons, which added up to, per acre can save labour cost
319.8 yuan, planting income increases by 357.4 yuan.In double rice cropping system, which can fundamentally transfer the product of peasant planting double cropping of rice
Polarity, is conducive to improve the planting benefit of peasant and all gross annual outputs.
Embodiment
The present invention is intended to further illustrate below in conjunction with example, is not intended to limit the present invention.Technical solution of the present invention, such as
It is not specified, it is this area conventional scheme.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of double direct-seeding high-yield efficient cultivation methods of double cropping of rice, comprise the following steps：
1. test site：This research selection is carried out positioned at the Wuxue City great Jin towns of the Hubei southeast.
2. experimental cultivar：Early rice selects Hunan morning Xian 6 and early pearl, and late rice selects morning Xian 615 and special early 2961.
3. randomly selecting peasant's field, season morning and evening plants in same field.
4. site preparation：Rotary tillage is carried out before sowing, is harrowed a field, flat field, soil paste sinks real post-trenching bedding, broadcasts front-seat solid carbon dioxide and reveals
Go out embanked field, broadcast rear ditch cleaning and exclude furrow face accumulated water.
5. presoaking and germinating and sowing：Using medicament " making hectogram " presoaking and germinating, suppress seed-borne fungi, when water seed soaking 36 is small
Afterwards, 28-35 DEG C of vernalization of temperature, grows 0.5 centimetre and starts to sow to the broken chest 1 centimetre of bud of root long that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.Early rice was on April 11st, 2016
Sowing, application rate are 6 kgs/acre；Late rice was sowed on July 20th, 2016, and application rate is 4.7 kgs/acre.
6. fertilizer application：2.1 kgs/acre of urea is applied weekly, is terminated to full heading time；Base manure applies calcium superphosphate 40 per acre
Kilogram and 5 kilograms of potassium chloride；Impose 7.6 kilograms of potassium chloride per acre in the rice young panicle idiophase.
7. water management：After planting to 2 leaf phase front row solid carbon dioxides, early season prevents the infringement of seed accumulated water, late season water temperature mistake
Low planting percent caused by high fever kind；Start draining dry field when stem tiller number reaches the 80% of plan spike number, control ineffective tillering,
Improving rate of tillering panicle prevents from lodging；Later stage rehydration keeps 3 centimetres of water layers；Start draining within 7 days before harvesting.
8. weeds and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：After planting sprayed with the full field of live rice herbicides, field should drain water layer during spray
Keep moistening.When rice seedling grows 2-3 piece leaves, after field water falls and does, appropriate herbicide may be selected according to careless feelings carry out benefit to remove.
In seedling stage, should focus on to prevent thrips；Middle and later periods, colony was larger, to pay special attention to banded sclerotial blight, snout moth's larva and the prevention of planthopper.Entirely
Stringent disease and pest control, prevents the underproduction in growth course.
9. harvest in time：Under this experimental condition, harvested in each kind maturity period.
10. interpretation of result
From the point of view of season morning and evening variety matching angle, four kinds for examination morning and evening variety matching (early pearl+morning Xian 615, early pearl+
Special early 2961, Hunan morning Xian 6+spy early 2961, Hunan morning Xian 6+morning Xian 615) production can be completed in the double live broadcast systems of double cropping of rice
(table 1).Early rice was sowed April 11, ensured bud rate occurred frequently, was gathered in mid-July.Late rice was sowed July 20, can be in October
The last ten-days period complete harvest.By rational variety matching, the double live all annual outputs of double cropping of rice in 2016 can reach 960-995 kilograms/
Mu (table 2).
Table early, late kind breeding time in season performance in 1. 2016 years
The double live variety matchings of 2. 2016 double cropping of rice of table and all annual outputs
| Early-paddy brown rice | Varieties In Late Rice | Early rice yield (kg/acre) | Late rice yield (kg/acre) | All gross annual outputs (kg/acre) |
| Early pearl | Early Xian 615 | 471.2 | 523.6 | 994.8 |
| Early pearl | Special early 2961 | 471.2 | 498.5 | 969.7 |
| Hunan morning Xian 6 | Early Xian 615 | 461.6 | 523.6 | 985.2 |
| Hunan morning Xian 6 | Special early 2961 | 461.6 | 498.5 | 960.1 |
Embodiment 2：
The double live-modes of double cropping of rice and all annual outputs of the double season transplanting patterns of tradition are studied with economic benefits comparison
1. test site：This research selection is carried out positioned at the Wuxue City great Jin towns of the Hubei southeast.
2. experimental cultivar：Early pearl and Hunan morning Xian 6 make early rice plantation, and special early 2961 and morning Xian 615 make late rice plantation.
3. randomly selecting peasant's field, season morning and evening plants in same field.
4. site preparation：Double season live-modes carry out rotary tillage, harrow a field, flat field prior to seeding, and soil to be pasted sinks real post-trenching bedding,
Broadcast front-seat solid carbon dioxide and expose embanked field, broadcast rear ditch cleaning and exclude furrow face accumulated water.
5. presoaking and germinating, sowing and transplanting：Using medicament " making hectogram " presoaking and germinating, suppress seed-borne fungi, water seed soaking
36 it is small when after, 28-35 DEG C of vernalization of temperature, grows 0.5 centimetre and starts to sow to the broken chest 1 centimetre of bud of root long that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.Double season live-modes
Early rice was sowed April 12 in 2017, and application rate is 6.0 kgs/acre；Late rice was sowed July 21 in 2017, and application rate is public for 4.7
Pound/acre.
6. fertilizer application：To ensure high yield, weekly using 2.1 kgs/acre of urea, terminated to full heading time；Base manure is applied per acre
With 5 kilograms of 40 kilograms of calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride；Impose 7.6 kilograms of potassium chloride per acre in the rice young panicle idiophase.
7. water management：Double season live-modes after planting prevent seed accumulated water and invade to 2 leaf phase front row solid carbon dioxides, early season
Evil, late season water temperature over-high burn kind of a caused low planting percent；Shallow irrigation promotees tiller after the 2 leaf l hearts, and pour water to fall every time naturally
Dry doubling open field 1-2 days, double cropping late rice open field 0.5-1 days；Start draining when stem tiller number reaches 80% or so of plan spike number to shine
Field, controls ineffective tillering, and improving rate of tillering panicle prevents from lodging, and later stage rehydration keeps 3 centimetres of water layers；Start to arrange within 7 days before harvesting
Water.
8. weeds and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：After planting sprayed with the full field of live rice herbicides, field should drain water layer during spray
Keep moistening.When rice seedling grows 2-3 piece leaves, after field water falls and does, appropriate herbicide may be selected according to careless feelings carry out benefit to remove.
In seedling stage, should focus on to prevent thrips；Middle and later periods, colony was larger, to pay special attention to banded sclerotial blight, snout moth's larva and the prevention of planthopper.Entirely
Stringent disease and pest control, prevents the underproduction in growth course.
9. harvest in time：Under this experimental condition, harvested in each kind maturity period.
11. interpretation of result
Can be in the double live broadcast systems of double cropping of rice using variety matching of the present invention and supporting high-yield cultivation technical specification
It is middle to complete production.More than 960 kilograms per acre, anniversary per mu yield reaches as high as double each variety matching week annual outputs of live-mode
1006.7 kilograms (tables 3), 10% or so is higher by compared to periphery peasant's double-ridged horn yield, and double cropping of rice pattern is transplanted compared to tradition
For, double cropping of rice pair is live can to save labour turnover 319.8 yuan per acre, and anniversary planting income is 357.4 yuan high per acre.This experiment is demonstrate,proved
It is bright in the double live broadcast systems of double cropping of rice, using the cultivation technical specification described in the invention, early pearl makees early rice and is broadcast within 12nd in April
Kind, early Xian 615 makees late rice can realize that double cropping of rice high-yield and high-efficiency produces in sowing on July 21.
The double live variety matchings of 3.2017 double cropping of rice of table and all annual outputs
| Early-paddy brown rice | Varieties In Late Rice | Early rice yield (kg/acre) | Late rice yield (kg/acre) | All gross annual outputs (kg/acre) |
| Early pearl | Early Xian 615 | 531.1 | 475.6 | 1006.7 |
| Early pearl | Special early 2961 | 531.1 | 451.6 | 982.7 |
| Hunan morning Xian 6 | Early Xian 615 | 498.9 | 475.6 | 974.5 |
| Hunan morning Xian 6 | Special early 2961 | 498.9 | 463.6 | 962.5 |
Claims (2)
1. a kind of double direct-seeding high-yield efficient cultivation methods of double cropping of rice, comprise the following steps：
1）Using usual manner site preparation and seed soaking, vernalization to broken chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5-1.5 centimetres of root long, and bud is 0.3-0.8 centimetres long
Start to sow, early rice was sowed 5-15 days April, and application rate is 5-7 kgs/acre；Late rice was sowed 15-25 days July, and application rate is
4-6 kgs/acre；
2）Fertilizer application：2-4 kgs/acre of urea is applied weekly, is terminated to full heading time；Base manure applies calcium superphosphate 30-50 per acre
Kilogram and 4-6 kilograms of potassium chloride；6-8 kilograms of potassium chloride is imposed per acre in the rice young panicle idiophase；
3）Water management：After planting to 2 leaf phase front row solid carbon dioxides；Start draining when stem tiller number reaches the 70-85% of plan spike number to shine
Field；Jointing stage rehydration keeps 3-5 centimetres of water layer；Start draining within 7 days before harvesting；
4）The prevention of weeds and pest and disease damage is carried out in a conventional manner；
5）Harvest；
The early rice is Hunan morning Xian 6 or early pearls, and late rice is morning Xian 615 or special early 2961.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, step 4）Specially：After planting sprayed with the full field of live rice herbicides, spray
When field drain water layer keep moistening；When rice seedling grows 2-3 piece leaves, after field water falls and does, herbicide is selected according to careless feelings
Benefit is carried out to remove；In seedling stage, thrips is prevented emphatically；Middle and later periods, colony was larger, paid attention to banded sclerotial blight, snout moth's larva and the prevention of planthopper；It is whole
Stringent disease and pest control, prevents the underproduction in a growth course.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220651A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-18 | 长江大学 | A kind of cultural method that Direct-seeding Rice is resistant to lodging |
| CN114557250A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-05-31 | 中国水稻研究所 | Disaster-avoiding and yield-stabilizing method for morning and evening dual-purpose direct-seeded rice |
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2017
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109220651A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-18 | 长江大学 | A kind of cultural method that Direct-seeding Rice is resistant to lodging |
| CN114557250A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-05-31 | 中国水稻研究所 | Disaster-avoiding and yield-stabilizing method for morning and evening dual-purpose direct-seeded rice |
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Application publication date: 20180420 |