CN107919586A - 具有智能开关的电源线 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/546—Combination of signalling, telemetering, protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
- H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
- H02J13/00026—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
- H02J13/0005—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving power plugs or sockets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
- H04B2203/5458—Monitor sensor; Alarm systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/18—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using switches, relays or circuit breakers, e.g. intelligent electronic devices [IED]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/30—State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
本公开涉及具有智能开关的电源线。电源线包括智能开关功能。电功率输入端从电源接收电功率,并且仅在满足某个占用或功率使用标准时才选择性地将功率传送到电功率输出端。当沿着电源线部署的开关闭合时,电功率输出端将电功率传送到耗电装置。开关响应于从传感器(诸如占用传感器或功耗传感器)接收的信号而被致动,并且当从传感器接收的信号指示不满足占用或功率使用标准时,断开沿着电源线的连续性,其中标准可以为特定应用定制。电源线可操作以自动地降低或基本上消除其功率输出端处的功耗。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年10月7日提交的美国临时申请序列No.62/405,480的提交权益,该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于向电器、电子器件、电气插座等供给电力的电源线(electricalpower cord)。
背景技术
工作区域(包括办公室空间、医疗设施和酒店区域)的电力消耗的控制变得越来越重要,因为这种区域的运营商寻求降低能源消耗的方式,特别是降低不必要的能源消耗。例如,在维持在预先选定的温度的空调工作空间中,那个工作区域的一些用户可能不舒适地冷并且将为他们的特定工作区域安装小型加热器(space heater),这消耗大量功率来加热更大的HVAC系统正在消耗能量以冷却的区域,如果它们在不使用时没有被关闭,那么将继续消耗大量的功率。其它电器或设备会比电动小型加热器消耗明显更少的功率,但是这些其它设备甚至在关断时也常常消耗电力,并且当考虑具有许多插座的大型工作区域时,即使在不使用期间被许多电器或设备无用地消耗的功率加起来也可以达到显著的能量消耗。
发明内容
本发明提供了具有一个或多个馈入开关电路的内置传感器的电源线,当满足某个标准(诸如当日时间和/或星期几、对于经过的时间段缺乏运动传感器进行的运动检测、或者功率输出端处的功耗达到预定阈值)时,开关电路选择性地使电源线的功率输出端断电。本发明的电源线可以被用来实现与电效率标准(诸如ASHRAE 90.1,Title 21)的符合。
在本发明的一种形式中,具有智能开关能力的电源线包括电功率输入端、电功率输出端、部署在它们之间的电源线,以及沿着电源线的开关电路。电功率输入端从电源接收电功率,并且电功率输出端将电功率传送到耗电装置(诸如电器或电子设备)。开关电路沿着电源线部署,并且可操作以响应于传感器(诸如占用传感器或功耗传感器(例如,电流表或其它电力传感器))而选择性地建立或断开沿着电导体中的至少一个电导体的电连续性。
在本发明的另一种形式中,具有智能开关能力的电源线包括电功率输入线和电功率输出线,以及部署在电功率输入和输出线之间的开关电路。输入线被配置为从电源(诸如墙壁插座或地板插座)接收电功率。输出线被配置为将电功率传送到耗电装置(诸如电器、电子装备或可再充电便携式电子设备)。开关电路包括电气开关和与占用传感器和/或电功耗传感器通信的控制器。电气开关可以响应于控制器而操作并且可以由控制器闭合,以将电功率输入线电连接到电功率输出线。占用传感器可以检测用户在电源线附近的存在。电功耗传感器可操作以检测电耦合到电功率输出线的耗电装置的电功耗。
根据一方面,占用传感器结合到开关电路中,并且可操作以响应于检测到用户在开关电路附近的存在而生成占用信号。可选地,占用传感器是无源红外传感器。
根据另一方面,开关电路还包括与控制器通信的定时器。定时器被用来确定或计数从占用信号终止起经过的时间量。控制器可操作以响应于经过的时间超过预定的阈值经过时间而打开电气开关。
根据还有另一方面,开关电路还包括与控制器通信的实时时钟,并且基于由该实时时钟生成的时间信号来确定预定的阈值经过时间。可选地,定时器和实时时钟被组合成开关电路的单个单元或部分。
根据另一方面,开关电路包括与控制器以及与占用传感器和/或位于远程的计算机电通信的无线通信设备。可选地,控制器可经由无线通信设备来编程。例如,控制器可以利用一天中的实际时间和一周中的星期几、给定日的典型工作时间和典型非工作时间、(一个或多个)阈值经过时间、(一个或多个)阈值功耗水平等进行编程。无线通信设备还可以被用来将由控制器记录的功耗数据传送到另一台计算机(诸如系统管理员使用的膝上型计算机)。
根据另一方面,占用传感器远离控制器定位,并且占用传感器经由无线通信设备与控制器进行无线电子通信。
根据另一方面,当电功率信号超过预定阈值功耗值时,控制器可操作以响应于从电功耗传感器接收的电功率信号而打开电气开关。
根据还有另一方面,开关电路还包括与控制器通信的实时时钟,并且控制器被配置为至少部分地基于由实时时钟生成的时间信号来确定或选择预定阈值功耗水平。例如,在由与实时时钟通信的控制器确定的工作时间期间,预定阈值功耗水平可以相对较高,而在非工作时间期间,预定阈值功耗水平可以相对较低。
在本发明的另一种形式中,提供了用于选择性地给用在工作区域中的电源延伸线的功率输出端通电和断电的方法。该方法包括将电源线的电功率输入端连接到通电的电源,沿着电功率输出端和电功率输入端之间的电源线在传感器和开关电路之间建立电子通信,以及响应于传感器检测到(i)工作区域在传感器附近的占用和/或(ii)沿着电源线测得的功耗超过阈值,而选择性地在开关电路处建立电功率输入端和功率输出端之间的电连续性。
根据一个方面,在传感器和开关电路之间建立电子通信的步骤包括在开关电路处提供控制器和无线通信设备。开关电路经由控制器和无线通信设备与传感器进行无线电子通信。
根据另一方面,其中传感器是占用传感器,该方法包括将传感器定位在工作区域中与电源延伸线隔开的位置处的步骤。
根据其中传感器是占用传感器的还有另一方面,在传感器和开关电路之间建立电子通信的步骤包括在开关电路处提供控制器。该方法还包括响应于从占用传感器接收的占用信号而利用控制器闭合开关电路的开关。可选地,响应于占用信号的停止,开关由控制器打开。
根据另一方面,在控制器处提供定时器,并且定时器可操作以计算从占用信号停止起经过的时间。打开开关的步骤包括延迟打开开关直到经过的时间等于或超过预定的阈值经过时间。可选地,还在控制器处提供实时时钟,该实时时钟生成时间信号,并且延迟开关的打开的步骤包括基于时间信号利用控制器选择至少两个不同的预定的阈值经过时间之一。
根据还有另一方面,传感器是功耗传感器,并且该方法还包括在控制器处提供定时器,其中定时器可操作以计算从沿着电源线测得的功耗超过阈值起经过的时间。选择性地建立电连续性的步骤包括响应于经过的时间超过预定经过时间而利用控制器打开开关电路的开关。可选地,在控制器处提供实时时钟并且可以生成时间信号,其中选择性地建立电连续性的步骤包括基于时间信号利用控制器选择至少两个不同的预定的阈值经过时间之一。
因此,具有智能开关能力的电源线可以在满足某个标准(诸如对于经过的时间段缺乏运动传感器进行的运动检测,或者在功率输出端检测到的功耗达到预定的高阈值或低阈值)时选择性地使电源线的功率输出端断电。可选地,当日时间和/或星期几可以被用作标准。电源线可以被用来在使用期间选择性地向电力插座和/或数据出口或电器或其它耗电装置供给电能,同时在它们不被使用时限制或防止能量消耗。
在结合附图查看以下说明书后,本发明的这些和其它目标、优点、目的和特征将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是在操作环境中示出的、根据本发明的具有智能开关设备的电源线的透视图;
图2A和2B分别是示为处于通电和断电状态的图1的电源线的侧视图;
图3是电源线的智能开关电路的示意图;以及
图4-6是具有智能开关设备的替代电源线的侧视图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图及其中绘出的说明性实施例,电源线10包括智能开关电路或控制器12,并且被提供用在住宅或工作环境中,诸如包含家具制品(诸如桌子13(图1))的环境,同时允许在这种环境中的电功耗的自动控制。电源线10通过使用与智能开关电路12相关联的一个或多个传感器来选择性地将电源线10的功率输出端14通电和断电进行操作,以降低不必要的电能消耗。输出端14可以连接到具有一个或多个高电压AC电源插座15a和/或一个或多个低电压DC电源插座15b的电功率单元15,和/或可以直接地或通过可分离的连接器连接到耗电装置(诸如电气或电子电器或设备)。
在所示的实施例中,电源线10的功率输入端部分16与具有线路、中性和接地触点的常规110V AC电源插头16a配合。将认识到的是,对于电源线10要连接到的给定电气系统或插孔(receptacle)17,可以适当地选择基本上任何电气插头(图1-2B)。例如,在低电压DC功率系统的情况下,可以使用任何110V AC功率插头、任何220V AC功率插头或甚至DC功率插头或其它连接器,而不背离本发明的精神和范围。类似地,功率输出端14可以用裸线18(图4-6)端接,用于连接到电气插座或用于直接连接到电器或其它耗电装置。例如,功率输出端14可以基本上是在共同拥有的美国专利No.9,438,070;9,368,924;9,220,342;9,148,006;8,721,124;8,616,921;8,480,415;8,480,429;D736,159;D719,508;D714,726;和D685,741中公开的任何电气插座或者电气和/或数据单元处端接,这些专利全都整体上通过引用并入本文。
参考图2A-4,智能开关电路12包括可响应于传感器22而操作的继电器开关20,其中传感器22可以是占用传感器,其生成指示电源线10周围的区域是否被耦合到功率输出端14的耗电装置的用户或潜在用户占用或未占用的信号。在图3所示的实施例中,传感器22是用于感测运动的无源红外(PIR)传感器。狭槽或气窗23可以在包含智能开关电路12(图2A、2B和4)的壳体24中形成,狭槽或气窗23为传感器22提供壳体24外部的区域的“视图”(即,检测该区域中的运动的能力)。在图1-5所示的实施例中,壳体24是具有六个方形或矩形面的平行六面体,但是将认识到的是,其它形状也是可能的,诸如如图6中所示的球形壳体24'。
继电器开关20可以缺省地是打开状态(condition),其中功率输出端14被断电,继电器开关20仅当传感器22检测到占用或者检测到功率输出端14处的功耗已超过某个预定阈值时才闭合,以给功率输出端14通电。当功率输出端14处的功耗被用作继电器开关激活标准时,这可以基于功耗超过对于给定工作区域被认为适合的阈值的比率(rate)。例如,如果工作区域的运营者确定移动电话充电器、灯、计算机、计算机监视器和打印机的功耗是可以接受的,但个人冰箱或电动小型加热器的功耗是不可接受的,那么智能开关电路12可以被编程为在任何一天或任何时间或者仅在某些日或时间期间当功耗超过预定值时打开继电器开关20,其中该预定值小于较大型设备消耗的功率并且大于较小型设备消耗的功率。
通过进一步的示例,工作区域的运营者可以希望通过在正常工作时间期间允许有限地使用小型加热器来适应工作区域的个体用户的舒适度,但是可能不希望在非工作时间期间它们偶然保持开着时在它们上浪费能量。进一步设想,工作区域的运营者可以希望,如果小于功率的阈值低量正在被消耗(诸如所谓“吸血鬼功率”被某些电子设备(例如,计算机和监视器、无线电设备、DC变压器)在关断或以其它方式不使用时消耗),那么电源线10自动地使功率输出端14断电。使接收间歇使用的电器(诸如电视和无线电设备)配备电源线10可能是特别有益的,以便限制或防止这些设备在当它们被关断并因此不使用时或者当在其附近没有检测到用户预定的时间长度时的时段期间的功耗。因此,将认识到的是,提供可编程智能开关电路12可以使用户或运营者能够考虑不同类型的可接受功耗,同时大大减少无用能量消耗的发生。
开关电路12可以包括可以被用来提供不同功能的实时时钟,诸如防止开关20在办公室的正常工作时间期间打开,同时允许开关20在正常工作时间之后打开,条件是从传感器22在其操作环境中检测到运动时起已经经过了预定的时间量。可选地,智能开关电路12可以被编程为在从传感器22在其操作环境中检测到运动时起经过预定时间量之后的任何时间打开开关20,而与当日时间无关。实时时钟或定时器也可以结合占用传感器一起使用,以便限制或防止功率输出端14的不必要的通电,诸如当安全或清洁人员在电源线10将用于其(一个或多个)指定目的的正常时间之外存在于由传感器22监视的区域中时。
可选地,从传感器22接收到最后一个占用信号和开关20打开之间的预定量的经过时间可以依赖于它是在常规工作时间还是非工作时间而不同。例如,如果电源线10在典型工作时间为上午8:00至下午5:00的办公室区域中使用,那么智能开关电路12可以被编程为在上午7:00至下午6:00的时间期间从上一个占用信号由传感器22生成起一旦经过一或两个小时就打开开关20,使得用户可以在暂时离开其工作区域时的至少有限的时间为便携式电子设备充电或运行其它电气设备,而在下午6:00至上午7:00的时间期间,智能开关电路12可以被编程为从上一个占用信号由传感器22生成起经过仅五或十分钟之后就打开开关20。因此,可以在典型的非工作时间内降低或基本上防止功耗,除非用户在那些非工作时间内主动使用该区域。
可选地,传感器可以是功耗传感器,其确定在功率输出端14处消耗的功率是否超过(低于或高于)预定阈值。例如,智能开关电路12可以包括实时时钟并且可编程为在一天当中的预定时间打开开关20,而不管在那个时候的功耗如何,或者可以被编程为在一天当中的预定时间但是仅当存在可检测的功耗时或者仅当在一天当中的那个时间检测到功耗高于或低于预定阈值时才打开开关20。例如,如果在上午8:00至下午5:00的典型工作时间内在办公室区域中使用电源线10为1200瓦的小型加热器供电,那么智能开关电路12可以被编程为在下午6:00和上午7:00之间打开开关,以确保在那十三个小时内输出端14没有功率被消耗,或者开关电路12可以被编程为在下午6:00和上午7:00之间只有当检测到功耗超过900瓦时才打开开关20。这种编程将允许电源线向诸如电话充电器、任务灯、膝上型计算机和其它相对小的耗电装置之类的设备提供电力,但是将防止1200瓦的小型加热器在那个时间段内运行。通过进一步的示例,如果功率传感器确定电源线10在非工作时间内仅供给几瓦的功率并且这低于阈值最小值,那么功耗可以被认为是“吸血鬼功率”(被关断但仍然继续吸取一些功率的电力变压器或设备所消耗的功率),并且开关20因此可以被打开。可选地,可以为开关电路12设置高和低功耗阈值二者。
在所示的实施例中,并且如图3中最佳示出的,传感器22直接安装在包含智能开关电路12的壳体24中。但是,在一些应用中,智能开关电路12可以位于容纳在壳体24中的传感器22可能不能够检测占用的位置中。例如,如果智能开关电路12被支撑在托盘中或者在家具制品和墙壁或墙壁分隔器之间确定路线,或者如果传感器22是定向传感器并且被定向成防止传感器准确地检测占用,那么传感器22将潜在地变得无效。因此,可以设想,占用传感器22可以位于更显眼的位置,诸如在工作表面上方或者在电气插座或者功率和/或数据单元中,诸如在以上共同拥有的专利和未决申请中所公开的那些。
在这种布置中,占用传感器将经由无线通信协议(诸如2.4GHz 协议、协议、WiFi协议或基本上任何其它无线通信协议)或经由通过电源线输出部分26(其在智能开关电路12和功率输出端14之间)的有线通信与继电器开关通信。例如,可以提供低能量(BLE)无线电控件28(图3)形式的无线通信设备作为智能开关电路12的一部分,用于开关电路12和远程定位的传感器(未示出)之间的无线通信。可选地,可以使用一个或多个远程定位的传感器来向智能开关电路12发信号通知打开还是闭合继电器开关20,诸如以在共同拥有的美国专利No.9,652,014中更充分描述的方式,该专利整体上通过引用并入本文。BLE无线电控件28还可以允许对例如阈值功耗值、实际当日时间、某些条件下或在一天当中不同时间打开开关20的经过时间以及运动传感器灵敏度的无线编程,并且还可以被用来将保存的功耗数据传送(上传)到另一个(远程定位的)计算机。
因而,本发明提供了具有一个或多个相关联的传感器的电源线,这些传感器向开关电路发送信号,在满足某个标准(诸如当日时间和/或一周中的星期几、对于经过的时间段缺乏运动传感器的运动检测,或者功率输出端处的功耗达到预定的高或低阈值)时开关电路选择性地使电源线的功率输出端断电。电源线可以被用来在使用期间选择性地向功率和/或数据出口或者电器或其它耗电装置供给电能,同时在它们不使用时的期间限制或防止能量消耗。
具体描述的实施例中的改变和修改可以在不背离本发明的原理的情况下执行,本发明的原理意在仅由根据专利法原则(包括等同原则)解释的所附权利要求的范围限制。
Claims (20)
1.一种具有智能开关能力的电源线,包括:
电功率输入线,适于从电源接收电功率;
电功率输出线,适于将电功率传送到耗电装置;
开关电路,部署在所述功率输入线和所述功率输出线之间,所述开关电路包括:
控制器,与选自(i)和(ii)中的至少一个通信,其中(i)是占用传感器,可操作以检测用户在所述电源线附近的存在,
(ii)是电功耗传感器,可操作以检测在所述电功率输出线处的功耗;以及
电气开关,响应于所述控制器而可操作并且适于在所述开关响应于所述控制器而闭合时将所述电功率输入线电连接到所述电功率输出线。
2.如权利要求1所述的电源线,其中所述控制器包括所述占用传感器,并且其中所述占用传感器可操作以响应于检测到用户的存在而生成占用信号。
3.如权利要求2所述的电源线,其中所述占用传感器包括无源红外传感器。
4.如权利要求1所述的电源线,还与所述占用传感器组合,并且其中所述占用传感器可操作以响应于检测到用户的存在而生成占用信号。
5.如权利要求4所述的电源线,其中所述开关电路还包括与所述控制器通信的定时器,其中所述定时器可操作以确定占用信号终止之后经过的时间,并且其中所述控制器可操作以响应于经过的时间超过预定的阈值经过时间而打开所述电气开关。
6.如权利要求5所述的电源线,其中所述开关电路还包括与所述控制器通信的实时时钟,其中预定的阈值经过时间是基于由所述实时时钟生成的时间信号来确定的。
7.如权利要求1所述的电源线,其中所述开关电路还包括与所述控制器并与选自占用传感器和远程定位的计算机中的至少一个电子通信的无线通信设备。
8.如权利要求7所述的电源线,其中所述控制器经由所述无线通信设备可编程。
9.如权利要求7所述的电源线,还与所述占用传感器组合,其中所述占用传感器远离所述控制器定位,并且其中所述占用传感器经由所述无线通信设备与所述控制器进行无线电子通信。
10.如权利要求1所述的电源线,还与所述电功耗传感器组合,其中所述控制器可操作以响应于来自所述电功耗传感器的电功率信号超过预定的阈值功耗而打开所述电气开关。
11.如权利要求10所述的电源线,其中所述开关电路还包括与所述控制器通信的实时时钟,其中所述控制器被配置为基于由所述实时时钟生成的时间信号来确定预定的阈值功耗。
12.一种选择性地将用在工作区域中的电源延伸线的功率输出端通电和断电的方法,所述方法包括:
将电源线的电功率输入端连接到通电的电源;
在传感器和沿着电源线部署的开关电路之间建立电子通信;
响应于传感器检测到选自(i)和(ii)中的至少一个而选择性地在开关电路处建立电功率输入端和功率输出端之间的电连续性,其中(i)是传感器附近的工作区域的占用,(ii)是沿着电源线测得的功耗超过阈值。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述建立传感器和开关电路之间的电子通信包括在开关电路处提供控制器和无线通信设备,其中开关电路经由控制器和无线通信设备与传感器进行无线电子通信。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中传感器包括占用传感器,并且其中所述方法包括将传感器定位在工作区域中与电源延伸线隔开的位置处。
15.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中传感器包括占用传感器,所述建立传感器和开关电路之间的电子通信包括在开关电路处提供控制器,并且所述方法还包括响应于从占用传感器接收到占用信号而利用控制器闭合开关电路的开关。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,还包括响应于占用信号的停止而利用控制器打开开关。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,还包括在控制器处提供定时器,其中定时器可操作以计算从占用信号停止起经过的时间,其中所述打开开关包括延迟所述打开开关,直到经过的时间等于或超过预定的阈值经过时间。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法,还包括在控制器处提供实时时钟,以及利用实时时钟生成时间信号,其中所述延迟所述打开开关包括基于时间信号利用控制器选择至少两个不同的预定的阈值经过时间之一。
19.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中传感器包括功耗传感器,并且所述方法包括在控制器处提供定时器,其中定时器可操作以计算从沿着电源线测得的功耗超过阈值起经过的时间,并且所述选择性地建立电连续性包括响应于经过的时间超过预定的经过时间而利用控制器打开开关电路的开关。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法,还包括在控制器处提供实时时钟以及利用实时时钟生成时间信号,其中所述选择性地建立电连续性包括基于时间信号利用控制器选择至少两个不同的预定的阈值经过时间之一。
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- 2017-10-06 CA CA2981704A patent/CA2981704C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-10-09 CN CN201710929188.1A patent/CN107919586B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2981704C (en) | 2020-10-20 |
CN107919586B (zh) | 2021-10-19 |
US20180102673A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
MX371369B (es) | 2020-01-28 |
CA2981704A1 (en) | 2018-04-07 |
HK1248405A1 (zh) | 2018-10-12 |
MX2017012863A (es) | 2018-09-27 |
US10541557B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
BR102017021521A2 (pt) | 2018-06-12 |
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