CN107801629B - Breeding method of japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line - Google Patents
Breeding method of japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of a japonica rice two-line thermo-photosensitive genic male sterile line, which selects Shuxin 8S and japonica rice restorer line Xinjing 326 to carry out sexual hybridization to obtain Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326F1Generation; shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326F1Hybridizing Xinjing 221 at different places to obtain Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326/Xinjing 221F1Generation; then Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326/Xinjing 221F1Backcrossing the generation with Xinjing 326 to obtain F1And (4) selecting generations according to a genetic seed selection method by adopting a shuttle-breeding nursery-added method to obtain the japonica two-line thermo-photosensitive genic male sterile line. The breeding method of the japonica two-line thermo-photosensitive genic male sterile line of the invention utilizes the initial crossing of the indica male sterile line and the japonica middle and long neck restoring line and then uses the round crossing of the short neck japonica restoring line to create the wide-affinity application japonica two-line ear non-neck-covering sterile line, the ear non-neck-covering length is 5-6cm, and the ear non-neck-covering degree is 100%, so that the hybrid rice in China is changed into green environment-friendly large-area seed production and popularization and planting to lay a solid foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a breeding method of a japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line.
Background
The rice belongs to the gramineae rice genus, is an extremely old crop, has at least 7000 years of artificial planting history in China, and is divided into two major subspecies of indica rice and japonica rice under long-term evolution and artificial domestication and creation under different ecological conditions. The world of hybrid rice breeding technology in China is leading, and the currently internationally applied hybrid rice sterile lines are divided into two major types, namely three-line sterile lines and two-line sterile lines; the three-line sterile line is divided into a indica three-line sterile line and a japonica three-line sterile line, and the two-line sterile line is divided into a indica two-line sterile line and a japonica two-line sterile line; the two major sterile lines in the prior art have the technical problem of ear-neck wrapping, the neck-wrapping degree is over 40 percent, the ear-neck wrapping degree of some sterile lines is over 60 percent, the amount of nine-two-zero mu is far more than 24g in large-area seed production, and the amount of high mu is over 30 g. The breeding technology of hybrid rice has been advanced in China for more than 40 years, and the reason that the difficult problem of panicle neck wrapping in the breeding world cannot be solved is that the breeding creation method and the direction station, the material and creation follow the wind, and the technology is not mutually beneficial and has no great innovation breakthrough, so that the panicle neck wrapping of the sterile line is not solved.
Sterile lines without neck covering are developed by Chinese breeders as early as the middle of the 80 s, but due to the defects of the creation technology (the neck is too long for more than 13 cm), the ear is solid for only 30% in practical application, and the neck is broken to cause the failure of production; the existing sterile line is only slightly changed in the neck wrapping degree, and only the percentage problem is solved; at present, sterile line breeding adopts the combination of heredity and molecular breeding on the application of innovative technology, but the practical sterile line which can be perfectly combined into a whole on the key technology can not be cracked.
At present, the neck covering degree of the ear of the existing sterile line is more than 40-60%, a large amount of hormone medicament is required to be sprayed during seed production, glume flowers are not closed due to too large dosage, the yield of the seed production is too low, great economic loss is caused to seed production farmers and enterprises, the seed cost is increased, the planting cost is increased to seed grain farmers, the rice quality is not favorably improved, the social coordination and sustainable development are realized, the income of the farmers is reduced, the continuous increase of the income of the farmers is not favorably realized, and meanwhile, the air environment pollution is also caused; if the dose of the hormone used in the existing sterile line is small, the spike in the trousers cannot be completely extracted, and the glumous flower cannot be inseminated, so that the yield of field seed production is low, the risk of seed production purity is increased, and the efficiency of farmers and income-increasing enterprises is not increased; when the dosage of the existing sterile line is slightly more than ninety-two, glume can be killed, the color of grain is browned or glume is cracked, and loss such as unqualified seed quality is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a breeding method of a japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line. The technical scheme is as follows:
on the one hand, the breeding method of the japonica two-line thermo-photosensitive genic male sterile line selects Shuxin 8S and japonica rice restorer Xinjing 326 to carry out sexual hybridization to obtain Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326F1Generation; shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326F1Hybridizing Xinjing 221 at different places to obtain Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326/Xinjing 221F1Generation; then Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326/Xinjing 221F1Backcrossing the generation with Xinjing 326 to obtain F1And (4) selecting generations according to a genetic seed selection method by adopting a shuttle-breeding nursery-added method to obtain the japonica two-line thermo-photosensitive genic male sterile line.
Further, F to be obtained1The method for selecting generations according to the genetic seed selection method by adopting shuttle-breeding nursery selection from north and south comprises the following steps:
step (1): subjecting said F to1The generation is added by shuttling from south to north, single plant systems with early blossoms, round grains, complete abortion and good exposed stigmas are selected in the nursery, the disease resistance of target single plants is identified from the 4 th generation of the nursery, and plants with strong disease resistance are selected to continue the generation addition by shuttling from south to north;
step (2): continuing the shuttle-back and alternate generation, selecting 19 single plants which have stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheaths, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, round grains, large ears and grains, thorough abortion through microscopic examination, early flowering time, strong disease resistance and 5cm natural exposed ear necks in the 8 th generation of the nursery system, cutting stubbles, dividing the plants, reserving rice stumps and bagging the single plants for seed collection;
and (3): and continuously planting 19 strains, shuttling from south to north to the 18 th generation, selecting a single plant line which is compact in strain, stable in agronomic characters, green in leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide in leaf, vertical, slightly rolled, round in grain, large in spike, stable in fertility, thorough in microscopic examination abortion, strong in disease resistance, good in flowering habit, early in flowering, 5cm in spike neck natural exposure and good in quality as the japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line.
Further, Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326// Xinjing 221F1The backcross method of the generation and Xinjing 326 specifically comprises the following steps:
in N spring, selecting Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 in the north for hybridization to obtain 18 seeds;
planting the obtained hybrid seeds of Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 in south in winter of N years, and hybridizing with Xinjing 221 to obtain 52 seeds;
in N +1 year spring, seeds obtained by hybridizing Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 hybrid seeds with Xinjing 221 in the north are planted and backcrossed with Xinjing 326 to obtain 68 seeds;
n is a positive integer.
Further, the step (1) is specifically as follows:
n +1 year winter, 68 seeds obtained in N +1 year spring were used as F1Planting seeds collected in a mixed mode in the south, planting the seeds in single plants, selecting 27 single plants with good agronomic characters, and collecting the seeds as F through plant division and bagging2Generation;
planting bagged seed F in the north in N +2 spring2Selecting 19 single strains with complete abortion, green leaf sheaths, short, wide, vertical and slightly rolled sword leaves, stable fertility, complete abortion by microscopic examination, thick and strong stems, strong tillering force, large ears and grains, heavy thousand grains, early flowering time and naturally exposed ear necks, dividing plants, cutting stubbles, remaining rice piles, bagging and harvesting seeds as F3Generation;
planting 19 rice stakes F in south in winter of N +2 years3The generation and the promotion of the stability of the intercropping of the strains, the selection of thick and strong stems, strong tillering force, green leaf sheaths of the leaves and the natural exposure of the ear necks11 individuals, and collecting seeds as F4Generation;
planting the separated seeds F in the north in the spring of N +3 years4Selecting 7 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, thick and strong stems, strong tillering capability, early flowering time, natural exposure of ear necks, strong disease resistance, round grains and large ears and grains, and cutting the plants and leaving rice stakes as F5And (4) generation.
Further, the step (2) is specifically as follows:
in winter of N +3 years, planting 7 rice stakes F in south by plant division5Selecting 3 excellent single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and naturally exposed ear necks, and bagging to harvest as F6Generation;
in N +4 spring, 3 seeds of plant line F are planted in the north6Selecting 33 individual plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, thorough abortion by microscopic examination, thick and strong stems, strong tillering capability, early flowering time, natural exposure and long ear necks, strong disease resistance, round grains and large ears and grains, and bagging and harvesting the individual plants of the plant division and stubble as F7Generation;
planting the plant-dividing bagged seeds F in the south in N +4 years winter7Selecting 28 individual plants with good agronomic characters, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight curl, thick and strong stems, strong tillering force, naturally exposed and long ear necks, round grains and large ears, and performing individual plant harvest as F8Generation;
planting 28 single plant bagging strain seeds F in north by stages in N +5 spring8Selecting 19 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, round grains, large ears and grains, thorough abortion through microscopic examination, early flowering time, strong disease resistance and 5cm natural exposure of ear necks, cutting stubbles, dividing the plants, leaving rice stakes, bagging the single plants and harvesting the single plants as F9And (4) generation.
Further, the step (3) is specifically as follows:
planting the separate-line seeds F in south in winter of N +5 years9Selecting 12 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, naturally exposed ear necks, round grains and large ears, and bagging the plants to collect seeds as F10Generation;
in N +6 spring, 12 single plant bagging strains F are respectively planted in the north10And selecting 9 single-plant stubbles-cutting, bagging and single-plant seeds with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time and 5cm natural exposed ear necks as F11Generation;
planting single-line seeds F in south in winter of N +6 years11Selecting 5 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, round grains, large ears and large grains and naturally exposed ear necks, and collecting seeds as F12Generation;
planting 5 bagged single seeds F in the north in spring of N +7 years12Selecting seeds with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time, natural exposure of ear neck of 5cm, cutting stubble, bagging and harvesting single plant line seeds as F13Generation;
planting single-line seeds F in south in winter of N +7 years13Selecting single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, round grains, large ears and grains, early flowering time and natural exposed ear necks, dividing plants, bagging and collecting seeds as F14Generation;
planting bagged single plant strain F in north by stages in N +8 spring14Selecting 3 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time and 5cm natural exposed ear necks for cutting off stubbles, dividing the plants, reserving rice piles, bagging and harvesting the seeds as F15Generation;
winter of N +8 yearsPlanting divided rice stump F in the south in the season15Second generation, separate harvest of seeds as F16Generation;
planting single plant bagging strain F in N +9 spring by stages in north16And selecting a plant line with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, complete abortion through microscopic examination, natural exposure of 5cm of ear neck, round grains, more ears and grains, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit and early flowering as F17Generation;
propagation of line F in south in N +9 years winter17And combining the generation with multiple restorer lines to obtain F18Generation;
planting F in N +10 spring in north18Generation, natural induction of disease resistance, starting temperature and rice quality identification, and final identification of F18The generation is used as a japonica two-line thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the breeding method of the japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line provided by the invention utilizes the initial crossing of the indica sterile line and the japonica medium-long neck restoring line and then uses the round crossing of the short-neck japonica restoring line to create the wide-affinity application japonica two-line ear non-neck-covering sterile line, the ear non-neck-covering length is 5-6cm, the ear non-neck-covering degree is 100%, so that the hybrid rice in China is changed into green environment-friendly seed production and popularization planting in large area to lay a solid foundation; the ear non-neck-wrapped sterile line which is bred by the method and does not spray any hormone regulator such as the Kyabizero and the like under natural conditions greatly improves the stable yield, green and environmental protection, quality and quality of seed production, and truly realizes the four-in-one harmonious development of seed production households, growers, social environment and enterprise benefits; the cost saving and income increasing of seed production farmers and enterprises are realized, green, high-yield and high-purity high-quality hybrid two-line varieties are provided for farmers, and the method conforms to the current national high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency and green supply side planting structure adjustment policy of agriculture; solves the problems of high natural matching rate and outcrossing maturing rate, and is convenient for the practical and wide application of the sterile line in future and lays a firm foundation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
The invention selects a two-line sterile line Shuxin 8S as a female parent to be hybridized with a japonica rice restorer line Xinjing 326 in Anhui in the spring of the same year, and the two-line sterile line Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326F is used in Hainan in winter of the same year1The generation is hybridized with Xinjing 221, and the F of Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326// Xinjing 221 used in Anhui in the next spring1Backcrossing with Xin japonica 326, selecting the genetic selection of the southern shuttle and the northern shuttle of Anhui in the same year, selecting strong tillering capacity, compact plant type, fresh and elegant plant growth, strong disease resistance, good plant leaf morphology, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short, wide, upright and slightly upward-lifted inner roll of leaves, round grains, more ears and large grains, early flowering habit, natural exposure of ear necks for about 5cm, selecting a sterile line stable plant line with the plant line number of 9-1 from the southern Hai in 2016 in 18 generations of 11 years through genetic recurrent selection, measuring and matching affinity with a plurality of restoring lines, and carrying out small-area seed reproduction, wherein Anhui in 2017 spring: youxin JD 91S.
The invention comprises the following steps:
1. material selection and hybridization: the method is characterized in that the parent materials are selected in a targeted manner for hybridization and matching, Shuxin 8S bred by the company and a japonica rice restorer line Xinjing 326 (long in neck of ear) bred by the company are selected at the Anhui breeding point in 2007 for sexual hybridization.
2. Adding and compounding: hybridizing the first pair of hybrid F1The generation seed (Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326) is added at different places and the second hybrid Xinjing 221 (neck short) is used, then (Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326// Xinjing 221) F1The generation seeds are backcrossed with Xin round-grained 326, and the mixed genes are introduced into the florescence through compound pairing so as to select target strains in a progeny segregation population.
3. Selecting a target garden: according to the genetic seed selection method, south-north shuttle and generation garden selection is carried out, the specificity and the stability of selected strains of each generation are carefully studied in a target field for a long time, meanwhile, indoor technical detection is carried out, and the excellent single strains (the fertility, the grain type, the flowering time, the fertility stability and the natural exposure of the ear neck of a spike of about 5 cm) are confirmed and selected.
4. The first stage selection: the characteristics of the selected japonica two-line sterile line basically meet the technical requirements through continuous hybridization and backcross, so that the disease resistance identification of a target single plant is carried out by utilizing the national disease resistance identification point of Anhui Jinzhai in the fourth generation, and the selected japonica two-line sterile line has strong disease resistance.
5. And (3) selecting in the second stage: continuing the south-north shuttle generation adding, selecting single strains with early blossoms, round grains, complete abortion, better stigma exsertion and larger size in the nursery; in 8 th generation of nursery line, 19 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, erect and slightly rolled leaves, stable fertility, round grains, large ears and grains, thorough abortion through microscopic examination, early flowering time, strong disease resistance and natural exposed ear necks of about 5cm are selected, stubbles are cut, and the single plants are separated and left in rice stakes for bagging and seed collection.
6. And (3) selecting in the third stage: and continuously planting 19 lines of the japonica rice two-line sterile line with generation added, and then selecting the perfectly combined japonica rice two-line sterile line from the group segregation line.
7. The ideal plant line and the disease resistance are combined to select the japonica two-line sterile line single plant line: compact strain, stable agronomic character, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaf, uprightness, slight rolling, round grain, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough abortion by microscopic examination, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering, natural exposure of ear neck of about 5cm and good quality of single plant line, and the name is as follows: youxin JD 91S.
The specific process of the invention is as follows:
in spring of 2007, Sichuan Xin 8S and japonica rice restorer Xin japonica 326 (long in neck of ear) are selected at the Anhui breeding point for sexual hybridization, and 18 seeds are obtained.
In winter 2007, one-hybrid F was obtained in Hainan1The generation seeds (Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326) are added with generation, and the hybrid seeds of Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 obtained by the two-part hybrid Xinjing 221 (short neck of panicle) are planted and hybridized with Xinjing 221 to obtain 52 seeds.
In spring of 2008, seeds obtained by hybridizing Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 hybrid seeds with Xinjing 221 in Anhui are planted and backcrossed with Xinjing 326 to obtain 68 seeds.
In winter of 2008, 68 seeds obtained in spring of 2008 were used as F1The generation mixed harvest seeds are planted in Hainan,planting the single plants, selecting 27 single plants with good agronomic characters, and collecting seeds as F2And (4) generation.
In spring of 2009, bagging seeds F are continuously planted in Anhui2Selecting 19 single strains with complete abortion, green leaf sheaths, short, wide, vertical and slightly rolled sword leaves, stable fertility, complete abortion by microscopic examination, thick and strong stems, strong tillering force, large ears and grains, heavy thousand grains, early flowering time and naturally exposed ear necks, dividing plants, cutting stubbles, remaining rice piles, bagging and harvesting seeds as F3And (4) generation.
In 2009 in winter, 19 rice stumps F are planted in Hainan3And 3, generation, accelerating the stability of the inter-plant characters, selecting 11 individual plants which have thick and strong stems, strong tillering force, green leaf sheaths and naturally exposed spike necks, and bagging the individual plants to collect seeds as F4And (4) generation.
Planting the separated seeds F in Anhui in spring of 20104Selecting 7 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, thick and strong stems, strong tillering capability, early flowering time, natural exposure of ear necks, strong disease resistance, round grains and large ears and grains, and cutting the plants and leaving rice stakes as F5And (4) generation.
In 2010, in winter, 7 rice stakes F are planted in Hainan branch5Selecting 3 excellent single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and naturally exposed ear necks, and bagging to harvest as F6And (4) generation.
In 2011 spring, 3 seeds F of the strain are respectively planted in Anhui6Selecting 33 individual plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, thorough abortion by microscopic examination, thick and strong stems, strong tillering capability, early flowering time, natural exposure and long ear necks, strong disease resistance, round grains and large ears and grains, and bagging and harvesting the individual plants of the plant division and stubble as F7And (4) generation.
In 2011 winter, planting seed F in Hainan7Selecting the plants with good agronomic characters, short and wide leaves, erect leaves, slightly curled leaves, thick and strong stems and branchesStrong tillering power, natural exposed and long ear neck, round grain, 28 single plants with large ear and grain, and collecting seeds as F8And (4) generation.
In spring 2012, seeds F of 28 single-plant bagging lines are planted in Anhui by stages8Selecting 19 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, round grains, large ears and grains, thorough abortion through microscopic examination, early flowering time, strong disease resistance and 5cm natural exposure of ear necks, cutting stubbles, dividing the plants, leaving rice stakes, bagging the single plants and harvesting the single plants as F9And (4) generation.
Planting the branch line seeds F in Hainan in 2012 winter9Selecting 12 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, naturally exposed ear necks, round grains and large ears, and bagging the plants to collect seeds as F10And (4) generation.
In 2013 spring, 12 single-plant bagging strains F are respectively planted in Anhui10And selecting 9 single-plant stubbles-cutting, bagging and single-plant seeds with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time and 5cm natural exposed ear necks as F11And (4) generation.
In 2013 winter, planting single-plant seed F in Hainan11Selecting 5 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, round grains, large ears and large grains and naturally exposed ear necks, and collecting seeds as F12And (4) generation.
In 2014 spring, 5 bagged single-plant seeds F are planted in Anhui province12Selecting seeds with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time, natural exposure of ear neck of 5cm, cutting stubble, bagging and harvesting single plant line seeds as F13And (4) generation.
In 2014 winter, single-line seeds F were planted in Hainan13Selecting round grains with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheathType, large ear, early flowering time, natural exposure of ear neck, and harvesting as F14And (4) generation.
Planting bagged single plant strain F in the spring of 2015 in Anhui by stages14Selecting 3 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time and 5cm natural exposed ear necks for cutting off stubbles, dividing the plants, reserving rice piles, bagging and harvesting the seeds as F15And (4) generation.
Planting separated rice stump F in Hainan in 2015 winter15Second generation, separate harvest of seeds as F16And (4) generation.
Planting single plant bagging strain F in Anhui spring in 201616And selecting a plant line with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, complete abortion through microscopic examination, natural exposure of 5cm of ear neck, round grains, more ears and grains, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit and early flowering as F17And (4) generation.
Propagation of line F in Hainan in 2016 winter17Breeding 9-1 lines and combining with multiple restorer lines to obtain F18And (4) generation.
Planting F in Anhui in 2017 spring18The resistance points of Jinzhai naturally induce the disease resistance identification, the starting point temperature and the rice quality identification, and finally F18The generation is used as a japonica two-line thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line and is named Youxin JD 91S.
The breeding method of the japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line provided by the invention utilizes the initial crossing of the indica sterile line and the japonica medium-long neck restoring line and then uses the round crossing of the short-neck japonica restoring line to create the wide-affinity application japonica two-line ear non-neck-covering sterile line, the ear non-neck-covering length is 5-6cm, the ear non-neck-covering degree is 100%, so that the hybrid rice in China is changed into green environment-friendly seed production and popularization planting in large area to lay a solid foundation; the ear non-neck-wrapped sterile line which is bred by the method and does not spray any hormone regulator such as the Kyabizero and the like under natural conditions greatly improves the stable yield, green and environmental protection, quality and quality of seed production, and truly realizes the four-in-one harmonious development of seed production households, growers, social environment and enterprise benefits; the cost saving and income increasing of seed production farmers and enterprises are realized, green, high-yield and high-purity high-quality hybrid two-line varieties are provided for farmers, and the method conforms to the current national high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency and green supply side planting structure adjustment policy of agriculture; solves the problems of high natural matching rate and outcrossing maturing rate, and is convenient for the practical and wide application of the sterile line in future and lays a firm foundation.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A breeding method of a japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line is characterized in that Shuxin 8S and a japonica rice restorer line Xinjing 326 are selected for sexual hybridization to obtain Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326F1Generation; shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326F1Hybridizing Xinjing 221 at different places to obtain Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326/Xinjing 221F1Generation; then Shuxin 8S/Xinjing 326/Xinjing 221F1Backcrossing the generation with Xinjing 326 to obtain F1The generation is selected according to a genetic seed selection method by shuttling from south to north and adding a generation garden to obtain a japonica two-line thermo-photosensitive genic male sterile line;
said F to be obtained1The method for selecting generations according to the genetic seed selection method by adopting shuttle-breeding nursery selection from north and south comprises the following steps:
step (1): subjecting said F to1The generation is added by shuttling from south to north, single plant systems with early blossoms, round grains, complete abortion and good exposed stigmas are selected in the nursery, the disease resistance of target single plants is identified from the 4 th generation of the nursery, and plants with strong disease resistance are selected to continue the generation addition by shuttling from south to north;
step (2): continuing the shuttle-back and alternate generation, selecting 19 single plants which have stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheaths, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, round grains, large ears and grains, thorough abortion through microscopic examination, early flowering time, strong disease resistance and 5cm natural exposed ear necks in the 8 th generation of the nursery system, cutting stubbles, dividing the plants, reserving rice stumps and bagging the single plants for seed collection;
and (3): and continuously planting 19 strains, shuttling from south to north to the 18 th generation, selecting a single plant line which is compact in strain, stable in agronomic characters, green in leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide in leaf, vertical, slightly rolled, round in grain, large in spike, stable in fertility, thorough in microscopic examination abortion, strong in disease resistance, good in flowering habit, early in flowering, 5cm in spike neck natural exposure and good in quality as the japonica two-line temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line.
2. The breeding method of the japonica two-line thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line as claimed in claim 1, wherein Shuxin 8S/Xin japonica 326// Xin japonica 221F1The backcross method of the generation and Xinjing 326 specifically comprises the following steps:
in N spring, selecting Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 in the north for hybridization to obtain 18 seeds;
planting the obtained hybrid seeds of Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 in south in winter of N years, and hybridizing with Xinjing 221 to obtain 52 seeds;
in N +1 year spring, seeds obtained by hybridizing Shuxin 8S and Xinjing 326 hybrid seeds with Xinjing 221 in the north are planted and backcrossed with Xinjing 326 to obtain 68 seeds;
n is a positive integer.
3. The breeding method of japonica rice two-line thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step (1) is specifically as follows:
n +1 year winter, 68 seeds obtained in N +1 year spring were used as F1Planting seeds collected in a mixed mode in the south, planting the seeds in single plants, selecting 27 single plants with good agronomic characters, and collecting the seeds as F through plant division and bagging2Generation;
planting bagged seed F in the north in N +2 spring2Selecting 19 single strains which are complete in abortion, green in leaf sheath, short, wide, vertical and slightly curled blades, stable in fertility, complete in abortion through microscopic examination, thick and strong in stems, strong in tillering force, large in spike and large in grain, heavy in thousand grains, early in flowering time and naturally exposed in spike necks,plant division, stubble cutting, rice pile remaining, bagging and seed harvesting as F3Generation;
planting 19 rice stakes F in south in winter of N +2 years3And 3, generation, accelerating the stability of the inter-plant characters, selecting 11 individual plants which have thick and strong stems, strong tillering force, green leaf sheaths and naturally exposed spike necks, and bagging the individual plants to collect seeds as F4Generation;
planting the separated seeds F in the north in the spring of N +3 years4Selecting 7 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, thick and strong stems, strong tillering capability, early flowering time, natural exposure of ear necks, strong disease resistance, round grains and large ears and grains, and cutting the plants and leaving rice stakes as F5And (4) generation.
4. The breeding method of japonica rice two-line thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step (2) is specifically as follows:
in winter of N +3 years, planting 7 rice stakes F in south by plant division5Selecting 3 excellent single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and naturally exposed ear necks, and bagging to harvest as F6Generation;
in N +4 spring, 3 seeds of plant line F are planted in the north6Selecting 33 individual plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, thorough abortion by microscopic examination, thick and strong stems, strong tillering capability, early flowering time, natural exposure and long ear necks, strong disease resistance, round grains and large ears and grains, and bagging and harvesting the individual plants of the plant division and stubble as F7Generation;
planting the plant-dividing bagged seeds F in the south in N +4 years winter7Selecting 28 individual plants with good agronomic characters, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight curl, thick and strong stems, strong tillering force, naturally exposed and long ear necks, round grains and large ears, and performing individual plant harvest as F8Generation;
planting 28 single plant bagging strain seeds F in north by stages in N +5 spring8Selecting 19 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, round grains, large ears and grains, thorough abortion through microscopic examination, early flowering time, strong disease resistance and 5cm natural exposure of ear necks, cutting stubbles, dividing the plants, leaving rice stakes, bagging the single plants and harvesting the single plants as F9And (4) generation.
5. The breeding method of japonica rice two-line thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step (3) is specifically as follows:
planting the separate-line seeds F in south in winter of N +5 years9Selecting 12 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, naturally exposed ear necks, round grains and large ears, and bagging the plants to collect seeds as F10Generation;
in N +6 spring, 12 single plant bagging strains F are respectively planted in the north10And selecting 9 single-plant stubbles-cutting, bagging and single-plant seeds with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time and 5cm natural exposed ear necks as F11Generation;
planting single-line seeds F in south in winter of N +6 years11Selecting 5 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, round grains, large ears and large grains and naturally exposed ear necks, and collecting seeds as F12Generation;
planting 5 bagged single seeds F in the north in spring of N +7 years12Selecting seeds with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time, natural exposure of ear neck of 5cm, cutting stubble, bagging and harvesting single plant line seeds as F13Generation;
planting single-line seeds F in south in winter of N +7 years13Selecting the plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, round grains, large ears and grains, early flowering time and natural ear necksExposing individual plants, dividing the plants, bagging and collecting seeds as F14Generation;
planting bagged single plant strain F in north by stages in N +8 spring14Selecting 3 single plants with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, round grains, large ears and grains, stable fertility, thorough microscopic examination abortion, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit, early flowering time and 5cm natural exposed ear necks for cutting off stubbles, dividing the plants, reserving rice piles, bagging and harvesting the seeds as F15Generation;
planting the separated rice stump F in south in winter of N +8 years15Second generation, separate harvest of seeds as F16Generation;
planting single plant bagging strain F in N +9 spring by stages in north16And selecting a plant line with stable agronomic characters, green leaf color and leaf sheath, short and wide leaves, uprightness, slight rolling, stable fertility, complete abortion through microscopic examination, natural exposure of 5cm of ear neck, round grains, more ears and grains, strong disease resistance, good flowering habit and early flowering as F17Generation;
propagation of line F in south in N +9 years winter17And combining the generation with multiple restorer lines to obtain F18Generation;
planting F in N +10 spring in north18Generation, natural induction of disease resistance, starting temperature and rice quality identification, and final identification of F18The generation is used as a japonica two-line thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line.
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