CN1843088A - Long-spike neck sterile line selection and breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belong to the field of using the advantage of hybrid rice. It leads the long ear-neck gene eui of the masked long-stalked rice '02428h' into the biliner sterile strain by backcross, and gets the technology of breeding long-stalked biliner sterile strain. The ear-neck length is similar to that of sterile strain not containing eui gene with 450-600 grams of '920' per hectare, the iso-cross property of sterile strain is basically improved, the productivity of seed is increased and the production cost is reduced.

Description

The selection of long-spike neck sterile line

Technical field

The present invention relates to the selection of long-spike neck sterile line, belong to the rice heterosis utilization field.

Background technology

Cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility and light temperature sensing male nuclear are sterile to be the important genetic tool that hybrid rice successfully utilizes.Yet, because sterility and fringe neck degree of stretching out are closely related, thereby no matter be three to be sterile line or two-line sterile line, often be accompanied by serious bag neck phenomenon (be fringe base portion grain husk spend be coated with in Flag Leaf Sheath), have a strong impact on breeding and the hybrid seed yield of sterile line.For this reason, people have invented and have sprayed gibberellin (GA ₃, ProductName: method 920) and application technique, though solved the bag neck problem of male sterile line, not only increase breeding cost, also can cause environmental pollution.

1981, Rutger and Carnahan were at the F of japonica rice " Mg/Terso " ₃Found in the colony that is gone up an internode elongation type recessive tallness mutant 76:4512 most, be eui (elongated uppermostinternode) with the unnamed gene of this proterties of control and it is produced the 4th hereditary key element after relaying male sterile line, maintenance line and the recovery system as the series of three-series hybrid rice seed.After this, people have successively found a plurality of long fringe neck recessive tall height mutants such as Grlc, Mh-1, " 02428h ", eB-1, eB-2, Gh-2 and Sh-3 again, and have carried out heredity and breeding utilization research.Shen Zongtan etc., Virmani etal, Liang Kang Jing etc. adopt the backcross transformation method with eui gene (Rutger J N, Camahan H L.A forth geneticelement to facilitate hybrid cereal production-a recessive tall in rice.Crop Sci, 1981,21:373～376) import male sterile line, overcome the bag neck phenomenon of male sterile line, but because the burdensome influence of the heredity that separation reorganization and unfavorable gene linkage bring, the effect of removing the bag neck is often not ideal enough, thereby fails so far to obtain utilizing on producing.The e-hybrid rice breeding technology of the propositions such as Cui Yang Ren is directly to obtain the breeding approach that three of long fringe neck is maintainer, restorer and dual-purpose sterile line by radioinduction.

" 02428h " (Li H-B (Li Hebiao), Sun L-H (Sun Lihua), Zou J-S (Zou Jiangshi), et al.Identification and study of recessive tall stalk and wide compatibility rice germplasm 02428h.Jiangsu J.of Agr.Sci. (Jiangsu agricultural journal), 1992,8 (3): 48～50), it is the recessive tallness mutant that Lee and mark and Sun Lihua etc. are found in the Somatic Cell Culture offspring of wide affine paddy rice " 02428 ", because 02428h has kept 02428 wide affinity characteristic, thereby has special value in the research of subspecies indica and japonica hybrid use of advantage.But its breeding utilization is not reported so far.

Training short 64S (public) and introduce from National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Interbreed Paddy, is a low temperature sensitive sterile strain that comprehensive proterties is good.A series of combinations such as " two line system ", " two excellent E32 ", " two is excellent special blue or green " have been bred with this male sterile line combo.Particularly the pioneer who is described as super hybridized rice that breeds of two line system makes up, and the plant type of " two excellent E32 " is regarded as the ideotype of super hybridized rice.Yet we find that in the production of hybrid seeds production practices fringe degree of stretching out of Peiai 64S is relatively poor, if without GA ₃Process, have approximately 50% clever perianth to contain in Flag Leaf Sheath, have a strong impact on outcrossing.Therefore, during with this sterile lines seed making, must use GA ₃Processing improves outcrossing seed-setting rate to improve its fringe degree of stretching out.Yet, because this male sterile line is to GA ₃Susceptibility relatively poor, GA ₃Consumption must be at 450g/hm ²Above its fringe degree of stretching out that just can make is effectively improved.Like this, not only greatly increase breeding cost, reduce seed quality, also can cause environmental pollution.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem

The objective of the invention is in the production of hybrid seeds production practices training short 64S fringe degree of stretching out relatively poor, to GA ₃The relatively poor problem of susceptibility, by the genetic improvement approach, with the method for backcrossing the eui gene importing two-line sterile line of 02428h is trained among the short 64S, obtain long fringe neck two-line sterile line P8hS, the fringe degree of stretching out of the short 64S of training is thoroughly improved, and main economic characters and the sterile degree of training short 64S do not had a negative impact.

Technical scheme

Content of the present invention is the selection of long-spike neck sterile line, it is characterized in that,

The selection of long-spike neck sterile line comprises:

1) take low-temperature-sensitive two-line sterile line Peiai 64S as maternal, 02428h obtains F for the combination of male parent preparing hybrid ₁(Peiai 64S/02428h), and take Peiai 64S as female parent and F ₁Backcross and obtain B ₁F ₁(Peiai 64S ∥ Peiai 64S/02428h);

2) plantation B ₁F ₁(Peiai 64S//Peiai 64S/02428h), the leaf attitude of selected plant is with Peiai 64S, plant height 75～85cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade when namely earing, pollen fertility is made male parent at the individual plant more than 90% and is continued to backcross with Peiai 64S, obtains to backcross seed B ₂F ₁With corresponding male parent B ₁F ₁Selfed seed B ₁F ₂, gather in the crops in pairs;

3) plant in pairs B ₁F ₂With B ₂F ₁If, at B ₁F ₂Isolate in the strain neck length of spike more than 10cm, plant height is the recessive tallness plant of 105～115cm, then at its corresponding B ₂F ₁Select plant height 80～95cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, pollen fertility to make male parent at the individual plant more than 90% in the strain and continue to backcross with Peiai 64S, obtain to backcross seed B ₃F ₁Selfed seed B with corresponding male parent ₂F ₂, gather in the crops in pairs;

4) plant in pairs B ₂F ₂With B ₃F ₁If, at B ₂F ₂Isolate in the strain neck length of spike more than 10cm, plant height is the recessive tallness plant of 105cm～115cm, then at its corresponding B ₃F ₁Select plant height 80～95cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm in the strain, 190～210 of every fringes, pollen sterility degree cut stubble regeneration breeding at the sterile individual plant more than 99%, obtain B ₃F ₂Seed;

5) plant above-mentioned B ₃F ₂Single-strain seed, each individual plant kind becomes a strain, allows its selfing separate, and selects neck length of spike in separating strain more than 10cm, plant height 105～115cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, the individual plant that the every fringe of every fringe is 190～210 allows its selfing obtain B ₃F ₃Seed;

6) plant above-mentioned B ₃F ₃Strain, at performance recessive tallness, neck length of spike more than 10cm, plant height 105～115cm, strain in select sterile degree to reach 100% individual plant, cut stubble regeneration breeding and obtain a B ₃F ₄Seed;

7) plantation B ₃F ₄Strain, select the neck length of spike degree more than 10cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, the strain that every fringe is 190～210 and (namely 9311) (available from the Lixiahe region in Jiangsu institute of agricultural sciences) the test cross combo of raising rice No. 6, and gather in the crops its selfed seed, acquisition B ₃F ₅Strain;

8) plantation B ₃F ₅Strain all shows recessive tallness and pollen sterility, selects wherein that sterile degree reaches 100%, plant height 105～115cm, and the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, the strain that every fringe is 190～210 is the long-spike neck sterile line of acquisition, " P8hS " temporarily by name.

Beneficial effect advantage of the present invention and effect be,

The present invention arrives two-line sterile line with the method for backcrossing with the eui gene transformation of " 02428h " by the genetic improvement approach, obtains long fringe neck two-line sterile line.Take photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line as maternal, recessive tall height mutant 02428h is that male parent is hybridized, and take photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line as the recurrent parent continuous backcross 3 times.The method of taking limit selfing isolation identification, limit to backcross in the backcross process to quicken process from generation to generation, improves breeding efficiency.Leave and take selfed seed the plant that backcrosses at every turn, in next generation, every self progeny takes place to separate at the recessive tallness gene, continues roguing and backcross in its corresponding backcross progeny, and so continuous backcross is to B ₃F ₁The time, the roguing selfing has obtained to carry the long fringe neck two-line sterile line of eui gene through separation and purification.

With the above-mentioned method of backcrossing two-line sterile line is arrived in the eui gene transformation of " 02428h ", the long fringe neck two-line sterile line fringe that obtains is extracted out fully, the neck length of spike degree is more than 10cm, the effect of using 450-600 gram " 920 " with the male sterile line per hectare that does not contain the eui gene is suitable, can obviously improve breeding, the hybrid seed yield (per hectare improves 2250～3000 kilograms) of male sterile line, reduce production costs, reduce environmental pollution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 P8hS (left side) compares with fringe neck degree of stretching out (b) with the strain shape (a) of the short 64S of training (right side)

Embodiment

It is female parent that positive season in 1999 was trained short 64S in Nanjing with low temperature sensitive two-line sterile line, and 02428h is the combination of male parent preparing hybrid.Plant F in Hainan winter then ₁(Peiai 64S/02428h), and take Peiai 64S as female parent and F ₁Backcross and obtain B ₁F ₁(Peiai 64S//Peiai 64S/02428h).Positive season plantation B in 2000 ₁F ₁(Peiai 64S//Peiai 64S/02428h), the leaf attitude of selected plant strain is with Peiai 64S, plant height 75～85cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade when namely earing, pollen fertility is made male parent 13 of the individual plants more than 90% and is continued to backcross with Peiai 64S, and seed B backcrosses after the maturation ₂F ₁With corresponding male parent B ₁F ₁Selfed seed gather in the crops in pairs.Planted in pairs B in winter in 2000 in Hainan ₁F ₂With B ₂F ₁At 13 B ₁F ₂Have in the strain 9 strains isolate neck length of spike more than 10cm, plant height is the recessive tallness plant of 105～115cm.At its corresponding 8 B ₂F ₁Selecting plant height 80～95cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, pollen fertility to make male parent at 30 individual plants more than 90% in the strain continues to backcross with Peiai 64S.Seed B backcrosses after the maturation ₃F ₁Gather in the crops in pairs with the selfed seed of corresponding male parent.Calendar year 2001 in positive season is at 30 couples of B of Nanjing plantation ₂F ₂With B ₃F ₁, the result has 18 B ₂F ₂Strain is isolated the recessive tallness plant.At corresponding 16 B ₃F ₁Select plant height 80～95cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm in the strain, 190～210 of every fringes, pollen sterility degree reach 114 of sterile individual plants 99% or more, cut the stubble breeding seed of regenerating.Winter calendar year 2001 is at 114 B of Hainan plantation ₃F ₂Strain allows its selfing separate.In 59 separated strain systems, select neck length of spike more than 10cm, plant height 105～115cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, 190 of the individual plants that the every fringe of every fringe is 190～210.190 B of positive season plantation in 2002 ₃F ₃Strain, 32 at the performance recessive tallness, more than the neck length of spike 10cm, select sterile degree to reach 62 of 100% individual plants in the strain of plant height 105～115cm, cut a stubble regeneration breeding seed.Winter in 2002 is at 62 B of Hainan plantation ₃F ₄Strain, 15 neck length of spike degree more than 10cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, about spike length 24～26cm, select economical character stable and consistent, plant height 105～115cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade in the strain that every fringe is 190～210, spike length 24～26cm, 46 of 190～210 individual plants of every fringe and 9311 test cross combos, and gather in the crops its selfed seed, obtain B ₃F ₅Strain; 46 B of positive season plantation in 2003 ₃F ₅Strain all shows recessive tallness and pollen sterility, and wherein 5 sterility and economical character are stable, and sterile degree reaches 100%, plant height 105～115cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, the strain that every fringe is 190～210 is the long-spike neck sterile line of acquisition, " P8hS " temporarily by name.

The fringe of the two-line sterile line " P8hS " that obtains by above method is extracted out fully, the neck length of spike degree is (Fig. 1) more than 10cm, training short 64S per hectare with the two-line sterile line that does not contain the eui gene, to use the effect of 450-600 gram " 920 " suitable, can obviously improve breeding, the hybrid seed yield (per hectare improves 2250～3000 kilograms) of male sterile line, reduce production costs, reduce environmental pollution.

Claims (1)

1, the selection of long-spike neck sterile line comprises:

1) take low-temperature-sensitive two-line sterile line Peiai 64S as maternal, 02428h obtains F for the combination of male parent preparing hybrid ₁, and take Peiai 64S as female parent and F ₁Backcross and obtain B ₁F ₁

2) plantation B ₁F ₁, the leaf attitude of selected plant is with Peiai 64S, plant height 75～85cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade when namely earing, and pollen fertility is made male parent at the individual plant more than 90% and is continued to backcross with Peiai 64S, obtains to backcross seed B ₂F ₁With corresponding male parent B ₁F ₁Selfed seed B ₁F ₂, gather in the crops in pairs;

3) plant in pairs B ₁F ₂With B ₂F ₁If, at B ₁F ₂Isolate in the strain neck length of spike more than 10cm, plant height is the recessive tallness plant of 105～115cm, then at its corresponding B ₂F ₁Select plant height 80～95cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, pollen fertility to make male parent at the individual plant more than 90% in the strain and continue to backcross with Peiai 64S, obtain to backcross seed B ₃F ₁Selfed seed B with corresponding male parent ₂F ₂, gather in the crops in pairs;

4) plant in pairs B ₂F ₂With B ₃F ₁If, at B ₂F ₂Isolate in the strain neck length of spike more than 10cm, plant height is the recessive tallness plant of 105cm～115cm, then at its corresponding B ₃F ₁Select plant height 80～95cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm in the strain, 190～210 of every fringes, pollen sterility degree cut stubble regeneration breeding at the sterile individual plant more than 99%, obtain B ₃F ₂Seed;

5) plant above-mentioned B ₃F ₂Single-strain seed, each individual plant kind becomes a strain, allows its selfing separate, and selects neck length of spike in separating strain more than 10cm, plant height 105～115cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, the individual plant that every fringe is 190～210 allows its selfing obtain B ₃F ₃Seed;

6) plant above-mentioned B ₃F ₃Strain at the performance recessive tallness, more than the neck length of spike 10cm, select sterile degree to reach 100% individual plant in the strain of plant height 105～115cm, is cut stubble regeneration breeding and is obtained a B ₃F ₄Seed;

7) plantation B ₃F ₄Strain, select the neck length of spike degree more than 10cm, the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, the strain that every fringe is 190～210 and 9311 test cross combos, and gather in the crops its selfed seed, acquisition B ₃F ₅Strain;

8) plantation B ₃F ₅Strain all shows recessive tallness and pollen sterility, selects wherein that sterile degree reaches 100%, plant height 105～115cm, and the straight and upright curls inward of blade, spike length 24～26cm, the strain that every fringe is 190～210 is the long-spike neck sterile line of acquisition, " P8hS " temporarily by name.

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