CN107724105B - 一种耐候防水帐篷用tpu复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐候防水帐篷用tpu复合材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107724105B
CN107724105B CN201710902615.7A CN201710902615A CN107724105B CN 107724105 B CN107724105 B CN 107724105B CN 201710902615 A CN201710902615 A CN 201710902615A CN 107724105 B CN107724105 B CN 107724105B
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tpu
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温同民
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Anhui Jiaming New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于TPU复合材料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，包括复合纤维基布用pH为7.8‑8.2的碱性溶液浸泡2‑4小时后，用温度为80‑90℃的远红外线烘干备用，然后在其表面涂布TPU复合胶层得到。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中利用多种不同性质的纤维复合混炼制备基部，所得基布具有更强的力学性能，同时能与TPU复合胶料有效复合，附着率高，性能稳定，生产工艺简单易控，所得帐篷用TPU复合材料具有良好的抗菌、耐候性，表面薄膜具有微多孔结构，湿阻抗小，同时具有优异的高透气性和防水能力，耐水压强，具有较强的耐磨性，有效延长复合材料的使用寿命。

Description

一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于TPU复合材料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
热塑性聚氨脂弹性体(TPU)是一种新型的各项性能优异的有机高分子合成材料，具有优异的物理性能，特别是在复合材料领域中，应用广泛，具有广阔的市场前景；在野外进行活动时，帐篷可以给人提供一个休息的场所，当遇到雨天、炎热天气时，还可以用于抵抗暴雨和酷热，在这些相对极端的天气下，对帐篷材料的耐候性、防水性提出了更高的要求，在正常使用过程中，同时，随着人们对生活用品的高品质追求，对帐篷材料的耐磨性、易去污性以及透气性也有了更高的要求，因此，需要对帐篷用材料进一步改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，包括复合纤维基布用pH为7.8-8.2的碱性溶液浸泡2-4小时后，用温度为80-90℃的远红外线烘干备用，然后在其表面涂布TPU复合胶层得到。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述碱性溶液为氨水或氢氧化钠溶液，浸泡温度为40-50℃。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述复合纤维基布由以下重量份的原料混纺得到：涤纶纤维45-55份、改性苎麻纤维26-32份、椰壳纤维12-18份、香蕉纤维4-8份；所述改性苎麻纤维的改性方法为：配制质量浓度为0.4-0.6%的硫酸铈溶液，将长度为2-4mm的苎麻纤维浸泡于硫酸铈溶液中，在常温条件下浸泡搅拌6-10小时，过滤，用去离子水清洗后，在75-80℃的条件下烘干即得。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述TPU复合胶层的原料按重量计包括：TPU45-50份、PVC18-22份、纤维接枝β环糊精预聚体3-7份、氢氧化镁粉末2-6份、抗氧化剂0.7-1.5份、稳定剂0.2-0.6份、防老剂0.1-0.3份；所述抗氧化剂为N,N’-双[[3-(3,5)-二叔丁基 -4羟基苯基]丙酰基]己二胺、β-（3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸正十八碳醇酯和二亚磷酸季戊四醇硬脂醇酯中的任意一种；所述稳定剂为乙撑硬酯酰胺、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的任意一种；所述防老剂为N-苯基-β-萘胺、对苯二胺、N-苯基-N`-异丙基-对苯二胺中的任意一种。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述TPU复合胶层的涂布方法为将原料按比例混合后混炼，完全熔融后加温塑化至完全充分塑化，过滤除去杂质后利用四辊压延机压延成型，得到共混薄膜后对备用的复合纤维基布上胶，在压延机上在线贴合后，分卷得到成品。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述上胶方法为利用刮刀式涂胶方式进行上胶，涂胶量为120-160g/㎡。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中利用多种不同性质的纤维复合混炼制备基部，所得基布具有更强的力学性能，同时能与TPU复合胶料有效复合，纤维接枝β环糊精预聚体具有空腔结构，与氢氧化镁粉末能够发生包结反应，然后与TPU和PVC聚合，得到接枝率较高的材料，附着率高，性能稳定，生产工艺简单易控，所得帐篷用TPU复合材料具有良好的抗菌、耐候性，表面薄膜具有微多孔结构，湿阻抗小，同时具有优异的高透气性和防水能力，耐水压可达到5800mmH2O以上，具有较强的耐磨性，有效延长复合材料的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）复合纤维基布由以下重量份的原料混纺得到：涤纶纤维50份、改性苎麻纤维30份、椰壳纤维15份、香蕉纤维6份；所述改性苎麻纤维的改性方法为：配制质量浓度为0.5%的硫酸铈溶液，将长度为3mm的苎麻纤维浸泡于硫酸铈溶液中，在常温条件下浸泡搅拌8小时，过滤，用去离子水清洗后，在78℃的条件下烘干即得；
（2）将复合纤维基布用pH为8的碱性溶液浸泡3小时，所述碱性溶液为氨水或氢氧化钠溶液，浸泡温度为45℃，用温度为85℃的远红外线烘干备用；
（3）TPU复合胶层的原料按重量计包括：TPU48份、PVC20份、纤维接枝β环糊精预聚体5份、氢氧化镁粉末4份、抗氧化剂1.2份、稳定剂0.4份、防老剂0.2份；所述抗氧化剂为二亚磷酸季戊四醇硬脂醇酯；所述稳定剂为乙撑硬酯酰胺；所述防老剂为N-苯基-β-萘胺；
（4）在复合纤维基布表面涂布TPU复合胶层得到，涂布方法为将原料按比例混合后混炼，完全熔融后加温塑化至完全充分塑化，过滤除去杂质后利用四辊压延机压延成型，得到共混薄膜后对备用的复合纤维基布上胶，上胶方法为利用刮刀式涂胶方式进行上胶，涂胶量为140g/㎡，在压延机上在线贴合后，分卷得到成品。
实施例2
一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）复合纤维基布由以下重量份的原料混纺得到：涤纶纤维45份、改性苎麻纤维32份、椰壳纤维12份、香蕉纤维4份；所述改性苎麻纤维的改性方法为：配制质量浓度为0.6%的硫酸铈溶液，将长度为2mm的苎麻纤维浸泡于硫酸铈溶液中，在常温条件下浸泡搅拌6小时，过滤，用去离子水清洗后，在80℃的条件下烘干即得；
（2）将复合纤维基布用pH为7.8的碱性溶液浸泡4小时，所述碱性溶液为氨水或氢氧化钠溶液，浸泡温度为40℃，用温度为90℃的远红外线烘干备用；
（3）TPU复合胶层的原料按重量计包括：TPU45份、PVC22份、纤维接枝β环糊精预聚体3份、氢氧化镁粉末6份、抗氧化剂0.7份、稳定剂0.2份、防老剂0.1份；所述抗氧化剂为N,N’-双[[3-(3,5)-二叔丁基 -4羟基苯基]丙酰基]己二胺；所述稳定剂为硬脂酸锌；所述防老剂为对苯二胺；
（4）在复合纤维基布表面涂布TPU复合胶层得到，涂布方法为将原料按比例混合后混炼，完全熔融后加温塑化至完全充分塑化，过滤除去杂质后利用四辊压延机压延成型，得到共混薄膜后对备用的复合纤维基布上胶，上胶方法为利用刮刀式涂胶方式进行上胶，涂胶量为160g/㎡，在压延机上在线贴合后，分卷得到成品。
实施例3
一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）复合纤维基布由以下重量份的原料混纺得到：涤纶纤维55份、改性苎麻纤维26份、椰壳纤维18份、香蕉纤维8份；所述改性苎麻纤维的改性方法为：配制质量浓度为0.4%的硫酸铈溶液，将长度为4mm的苎麻纤维浸泡于硫酸铈溶液中，在常温条件下浸泡搅拌10小时，过滤，用去离子水清洗后，在75℃的条件下烘干即得；
（2）将复合纤维基布用pH为8.2的碱性溶液浸泡2小时，所述碱性溶液为氨水或氢氧化钠溶液，浸泡温度为50℃，用温度为80℃的远红外线烘干备用；
（3）TPU复合胶层的原料按重量计包括：TPU50份、PVC18份、纤维接枝β环糊精预聚体7份、氢氧化镁粉末2份、抗氧化剂1.5份、稳定剂0.6份、防老剂0.3份；所述抗氧化剂为β-（3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸正十八碳醇酯；所述稳定剂为硬脂酸钙；所述防老剂为N-苯基-N`-异丙基-对苯二胺；
（4）在复合纤维基布表面涂布TPU复合胶层得到，涂布方法为将原料按比例混合后混炼，完全熔融后加温塑化至完全充分塑化，过滤除去杂质后利用四辊压延机压延成型，得到共混薄膜后对备用的复合纤维基布上胶，上胶方法为利用刮刀式涂胶方式进行上胶，涂胶量为120g/㎡，在压延机上在线贴合后，分卷得到成品。
设置对照组1，将实施例1中改性苎麻纤维替换为等重量的未改性苎麻纤维，其余内容不变；设置对照组2，将实施例1中椰壳纤维去掉，其余内容不变；设置对照组3，将实施例1中香蕉纤维去掉，其余内容不变；设置对照组4，将实施例1中步骤（2）替换为用烘箱烘干，其余内容不变；设置对照组5，将实施例1中纤维接枝β环糊精预聚体去掉，其余内容变不变；设置对照组6，将实施例1中氢氧化镁粉末去掉，其余内容不不变；
对上述各组制备所得帐篷用TPU复合材料进行性能检测，所述断裂伸长率拉伸速度为400mm/min；所述老化条件为135℃老化168小时，得到以下内容：
表1
组别 拉伸强度（MPa） 断裂伸长率（%） 透湿率（g/㎡/24h） 耐水压（mmH2O） 润湿张力（Mn/cm） 老化后拉伸强度保持率（%）
实施例1 61 713 8476 5841 41 92.6
实施例2 58 708 8492 5835 42 91.8
实施例3 59 711 8485 5838 41 92.5
对照组1 52 653 5017 3926 28 27.3
对照组2 56 692 7435 5428 36 78.4
对照组3 57 703 7829 5735 37 82.5
对照组4 54 679 6546 5219 34 70.6
对照组5 53 672 6184 4963 32 65.8
对照组6 55 685 6923 5372 36 72.3
通过表1中数据可以看出，本发明中方法制备所得帐篷用TPU复合材料耐老化能力强，具有较好的透湿性和耐水压能力，拉伸强度能到良好水平。

Claims (3)

1.一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括复合纤维基布用pH为7.8-8.2的碱性溶液浸泡2-4小时后，用温度为80-90℃的远红外线烘干备用，然后在其表面涂布TPU复合胶层得到；
所述碱性溶液为氨水或氢氧化钠溶液，浸泡温度为40-50℃；
所述复合纤维基布由以下重量份的原料混纺得到：涤纶纤维45-55份、改性苎麻纤维26-32份、椰壳纤维12-18份、香蕉纤维4-8份；所述改性苎麻纤维的改性方法为：配制质量浓度为0.4-0.6%的硫酸铈溶液，将长度为2-4mm的苎麻纤维浸泡于硫酸铈溶液中，在常温条件下浸泡搅拌6-10小时，过滤，用去离子水清洗后，在75-80℃的条件下烘干即得；
所述TPU复合胶层的原料按重量计包括：TPU45-50份、PVC18-22份、纤维接枝β环糊精预聚体3-7份、氢氧化镁粉末2-6份、抗氧化剂0.7-1.5份、稳定剂0.2-0.6份、防老剂0.1-0.3份；所述抗氧化剂为N,N’-双[[3-(3,5)-二叔丁基 -4羟基苯基]丙酰基]己二胺、β-（3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸正十八碳醇酯和二亚磷酸季戊四醇硬脂醇酯中的任意一种；所述稳定剂为乙撑硬酯酰胺、硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的任意一种；所述防老剂为N-苯基-β-萘胺、对苯二胺、N-苯基-N`-异丙基-对苯二胺中的任意一种。
2.如权利要求1所述一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述TPU复合胶层的涂布方法为将原料按比例混合后混炼，完全熔融后加温塑化至完全充分塑化，过滤除去杂质后利用四辊压延机压延成型，得到共混薄膜后对备用的复合纤维基布上胶，在压延机上在线贴合后，分卷得到成品。
3.如权利要求2所述一种耐候防水帐篷用TPU复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，
所述上胶方法为利用刮刀式涂胶方式进行上胶，涂胶量为120-160g/㎡。
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