CN107684913B - 磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107684913B CN107684913B CN201710713798.8A CN201710713798A CN107684913B CN 107684913 B CN107684913 B CN 107684913B CN 201710713798 A CN201710713798 A CN 201710713798A CN 107684913 B CN107684913 B CN 107684913B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bivo
- yeast
- preparation
- photocatalyst
- stirring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229910002915 BiVO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005447 environmental material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 description 19
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940040526 anhydrous sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910020700 Na3VO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- IHIXIJGXTJIKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium vanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O IHIXIJGXTJIKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072172 tetracycline antibiotic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000759 toxicological effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/847—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum or polonium
- B01J23/8472—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/33—Electric or magnetic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/343—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the pharmaceutical industry, e.g. containing antibiotics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用,属于环境材料制备技术领域;本发明以酵母菌为碳源,Fe3O4为磁源,采用水热法、溶剂热等方法制备磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4复合光催化剂BiVO4/Fe3O4/C,用于可见光条件下光催化降解酚类污染物;本发明制备的光催化剂与纯的BiVO4光催化剂相比,光催化活性明显提高,本发明中制备的BiVO4/Fe3O4/C复合光催化剂对于改善具有可见光相应能力的光催化降解污染物的性能有重要的意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用,属于环境材料制备技术领域。
背景技术
四环素类抗生素在我国畜禽业抗生素中使用量是最大,抗生素的环境污染及其生态毒理效应已成为我国乃至全球所面临的重大环境问题之一。许多用于畜禽业生产的抗生素难以被动物肠胃吸收,大部分以母体化合物的形式排出,进入到环境中的抗生素会发生降解反应,其代谢及降解产物相比母体抗生素,往往活性降低,毒性却大大增强,因此人类对降解四环素的关注日益加强。
目前,处理四环素的方法有很多,但传统的方法仅能实现污染物的相转移,而光催化技术凭借其高效的有机污染物去除能力而受到越来越多的关注。光催化技术具有高效、稳定、无二次污染以及适用各类有机污染物降解等突出优点,是高级氧化法中很有应用前景的技术之一。但是否具有稳定、可控、高效的半导体材料是限制光催化技术广泛应用于环保领域的关键因素。
钒酸铋(BiVO4)是一种低碳环保、具有多种形貌的金属氧化物,其不含对人体有害的重金属元素。同时,BiVO4也具有可见光吸收能力、较高的光化学稳定性、较强的氧化还原能力及无毒、制备成本低等优点,是一种优良的半导体材料,具有良好的应用前景。虽然BiVO4具有很好的可见光吸收特性,但是BiVO4有导电性较差,电子传输能力不强和回收能力差等缺点,使材料本身有一定局限性。
因此为了提高半导体材料整体导电性能,在本发明中引入了酵母炭,解决了导电性差问题,同时引入了Fe3O4,制备了BiVO4/Fe3O4/C。该复合光催化剂既具有磁性又具有较大比表面积,这不仅提高了催化剂的回收能力,而且能对水中较低浓度的有机污染物进行快速的表面富集和净化,从而提高了光催化效率,提高催化活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,提供一种磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备方法。
本发明首先提供一种磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂,所述的光催化剂为哑铃状,且两端呈现菜花状。
本发明提供一种磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂的制备方法,所述方案按照以下步骤进行:
(1)Fe3O4的制备:
称取3.25g氯化铁,1.3g柠檬酸钠,6.0g无水乙酸钠,溶解在100mL乙二醇的烧杯中,磁力搅拌,待完全溶解后将溶液转移到100mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的反应釜中,200℃反应10h,冷却室温后,将产物用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗三次,放到烘箱干燥。
(2)Fe3O4/C的制备:
称取酵母菌适量,倒入烧杯中,加入蒸馏水,磁力搅拌器搅拌混匀,离心后倒掉上层清液;下层固体加入到适量的无水乙醇中混匀,搅拌均匀后离心,倒掉上层清液;重复上述清洗步骤。
称取氯化锌,与洗涤后的酵母一起溶解,搅拌混匀,静置陈化后,搅拌混匀,离心;倒掉上层清液,用蒸馏水和无水乙醇分别进行洗涤,将得到的固体放入干燥箱中烘干,研磨后装瓶,得到陈化后的酵母菌。
称取一定质量Fe3O4和陈化后的酵母菌放到烧杯中,加入无水乙醇混匀,搅拌后离心烘干,将干燥后的样品放入瓷方舟中,在通有氮气的管式炉中煅烧后,冷却,将样品研磨装瓶,得到Fe3O4/C。
步骤(2)中所述的酵母菌为安琪酵母,所述酵母菌与氯化锌的质量比例为1:0.6;所述陈化时间为3~4h;所述烘干为80℃下烘干4h。
所述的Fe3O4与陈化后的酵母菌的质量比为1:2;所述煅烧为在氮气条件下,在250℃~450℃温度下炭化1h,优选350℃。
(3)纳米BiVO4的制备:
称取Bi(NO3)3·5H2O加入乙二醇中,将Na3VO4·12H2O加入乙二醇中,然后将Na3VO4的溶液缓慢倒入Bi(NO3)3的溶液中,剧烈搅拌后混合物被转移到一个50mL的聚四氟乙烯衬里的高压釜,密封,加热,然后冷却到室温;得到的固体产物离心收集上清,用正己烷和无水乙醇多次洗涤,然后冻干。
其中,步骤(3)中Bi(NO3)3·5H2O与Na3VO4·12H2O的摩尔质量比为1:1(如0.4mmol:0.4mmol,即0.194g:0.16g);所述乙二醇体积为200mL;所述搅拌的时间为2h;所述在高压釜中密封加热为100°C下加热12小时。
(4)磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C)的制备:
称取步骤(3)得到的纳米BiVO4和步骤(2)制备的Fe3O4/C加入乙醇溶液中,搅拌3h,用去离子水洗涤,冻干。
其中,步骤(4)中所述的BiVO4和Fe3O4/C的质量比为0.1g:0.001g~0.007g,即使Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量的1-7%。
按照以上所述的制备方法得到的磁性BiVO4/Fe3O4/C光催化剂,应用于降解废水中四环素。
本发明中所用的氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)、柠檬酸钠、无水乙酸钠、Bi(NO3)3·5H2O、Na3VO4·12H2O、ZnCl2、乙二醇、无水乙醇,均为分析纯,购于国药化学试剂有限公司;酵母菌,购买于安琪酵母股份有限公司。
与现有技术相比较,本发明的有益效果体现如下:
本发明以酵母菌为碳源,以Fe3O4为磁源,合成BiVO4/Fe3O4/C复合光催化剂并用于可见光条件下光催化降解四环素。与纯的BiVO4光催化剂相比,BiVO4/Fe3O4/C光催化活性明显提高。另外,考察了不同温度及不同质量对复合复合光催化剂的活性影响,结果表明温度为350℃时,BiVO4与Fe3O4/C的质量比为5%时,BiVO4/Fe3O4/C光催化活性最高。因此,可以说明实验温度及不同质量比对催化剂的活性有重要影响。此外,众所周知,样品的比表面积是影响光催化剂的重要参数,因此,本发明引入酵母菌为碳源制备复合光催化剂,极大地提高了复合光催化剂的比表面积,从而提高了光催化剂的活性。最后,考虑到复合光催化剂的实际应用,本发明引入了磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子,实验表明通过外界磁场可以快速将催化剂从溶液中分离,从而实现光催化剂的回收再利用。综上所述,本发明中制备的BiVO4/Fe3O4/C复合光催化剂有利于光催化剂的实际应用,对于改善具有可见光相应能力的光催化降解污染物的性能有重要的意义。
附图说明
图1为Fe3O4/C/BiVO4的SEM图(a)、BiVO4的SEM图(b、c)、BiVO4的TEM图(d);
图2为BiVO4和Fe3O4/C/BiVO4的固体紫外漫反射图;
图3为Fe3O4和Fe3O4/C/BiVO4的VSM图;
图4为不同光催化剂降解四环素降解率图(a)和5% Fe3O4/C/BiVO4催化剂降解四环素光谱吸收图(b);其中1% 、7% 、3% 、5% 指的是Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量的百分数;
图5为Fe3O4/C/BiVO4降解四环素循环实验结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施实例和附图对本发明做进一步说明,以便本领域技术人员更好的理解本发明的技术方案。
本发明中所制备的光催化剂的吸附活性评价:
在DW-01型光化学反应仪(购自扬州大学教学仪器厂)中进行,但不开光源,将100mL四环素溶液模拟废水加入反应器中并测定其初始值,然后加入0.1g的光催化剂,不开灯,开磁力搅拌,不通气,间隔10min取样分析,用磁铁分离后取上层清液在紫外分光光度计入。λ=357nm处测定其浓度,并通过公式:Q=(C0-C)V/m算出其降解率Dr,其中C0为四环素溶液初试浓度,C为达到吸附平衡时的四环素溶液的浓度,V为溶液的体积,m为加入的催化剂的质量。
本发明中所制备的光催化剂的光催化活性评价:
在DW-01型光化学反应仪(购自扬州大学城科技有限公司)中进行,模拟太阳光照射,将100mL四环素模拟废水加入反应器中并测定其初始值,然后加入制得的光催化剂,磁力搅拌并开启曝气装置通入空气保持催化剂处于悬浮或飘浮状态,光照过程中间隔10min取样分析,离心分离后取上层清液在分光光度计λmax=357nm处测定吸光度,并通过公式:Dr=(C0-C)×100/C0算出其降解率Dr,其中C0为达到吸附平衡后浓度,C为t时刻测定的四环素溶液的浓度,t为反应时间。
实施例1:
(1)Fe3O4的制备:
称取3.25g氯化铁,1.3g柠檬酸钠,6.0g无水乙酸钠,溶解在100mL乙二醇的烧杯中,磁力搅拌,待完全溶解后将溶液转移到100mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的反应釜中,200℃反应10h,冷却室温后,将产物用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗三次,放到烘箱干燥。
(2)Fe3O4/C的制备:
称取1.0g安琪酵母,倒入烧杯中,加入适量蒸馏水,在磁力搅拌器搅拌30min,离心10min,倒掉上层清液;下层固体加入到适量的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀后离心10min,倒掉上层清液;重复上述步骤清洗三遍。
称取氯化锌0.6g ZnCl2,与上一步洗好的酵母一起溶解,搅拌30min,静置陈化3~4h后,搅拌30min,离心10min,倒掉上层清液,用蒸馏水和无水乙醇分别洗涤三次,将得到的固体放入80℃的干燥箱中4h,研磨后装瓶,得到陈化后的酵母菌。
称取0.05g Fe3O4和0.1g陈化后的酵母菌放到烧杯中,加入100mL无水乙醇,搅拌3h,离心烘干,将干燥后的样品放入瓷方舟中,在通有氮气的管式炉中250℃炭化1h,冷却后将样品研磨装瓶,得到Fe3O4/C。
(3)纳米BiVO4的制备:
称取0.4mmol Bi(NO3)3·5H2O加入100mL乙二醇溶液中,将0.4mmol Na3VO4·12H2O加入100mL乙二醇溶液,然后将此溶液缓慢倒入上述溶液中,剧烈搅拌2小时,混合物被转移到一个50毫升的聚四氟乙烯衬里的高压釜,密封,加热100°C为12小时,然后冷却到室温。得到的固体产物离心收集上清,用正己烷和无水乙醇多次洗涤,然后冻干。
(4)磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C)的制备:
称取0.1 g BiVO4和0.001g Fe3O4/C加入乙醇溶液中,搅拌3h,用去离子水洗涤,冻干,得到磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C),其中Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量的1%。
实施例2:
(1)Fe3O4的制备:
称取3.25g氯化铁,1.3g柠檬酸钠,6.0g无水乙酸钠,溶解在100mL乙二醇的烧杯中,磁力搅拌,待完全溶解后将溶液转移到100mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的反应釜中,200℃反应10h,冷却室温后,将产物用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗三次,放到烘箱干燥。
(2)Fe3O4/C的制备:
称取2.0g安琪酵母,倒入烧杯中,加入适量蒸馏水,在磁力搅拌器搅拌30min,离心10min,倒掉上层清液;下层固体加入到适量的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀后离心10min,倒掉上层清液。重复上述步骤清洗三遍。
称取氯化锌1.2g ZnCl2,与上一步洗好的酵母一起溶解,搅拌30min,静置陈化3~4h后,搅拌30min,离心10min,倒掉上层清液,用蒸馏水和无水乙醇分别洗涤三次,将得到的固体放入80℃的干燥箱中4h,研磨后装瓶,得到陈化后的酵母菌。
称取一定质量0.1g Fe3O4和0.2g 陈化后的酵母菌放到烧杯中,加入100mL无水乙醇,搅拌3h,离心烘干,将干燥后的样品放入瓷方舟中,在通有氮气的管式炉中450℃炭化1h,冷却后将样品研磨装瓶。
(3)纳米BiVO4的制备:
称取0.4mmol Bi(NO3)3·5H2O加入100mL乙二醇溶液中,将0.4mmol Na3VO4·12H2O加入100mL乙二醇溶液,然后将此溶液缓慢倒入上述溶液中,剧烈搅拌2小时,混合物被转移到一个50毫升的聚四氟乙烯衬里的高压釜,密封,加热100°C为12小时,然后冷却到室温。得到的固体产物离心收集上清,用正己烷和无水乙醇多次洗涤,然后冻干。
(4)磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C)的制备:
称取0.1 g BiVO4和0.005g Fe3O4/C加入乙醇溶液中,搅拌3h,用去离子水洗涤,冻干,得到磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C),其中Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量的5%。
实施例3:
(1)Fe3O4的制备:
称取3.25g氯化铁,1.3g柠檬酸钠,6.0g无水乙酸钠,溶解在100mL乙二醇的烧杯中,磁力搅拌,待完全溶解后将溶液转移到100mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的反应釜中,200℃反应10h,冷却室温后,将产物用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗三次,放到烘箱干燥。
(2)Fe3O4/C的制备:
称取3.0g安琪酵母,倒入烧杯中,加入适量蒸馏水,在磁力搅拌器搅拌30min,离心10min,倒掉上层清液;下层固体加入到适量的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀后离心10min,倒掉上层清液。重复上述步骤清洗三遍。
称取氯化锌1.8g ZnCl2,与上一步洗好的酵母一起溶解,搅拌30min,静置陈化3~4h后,搅拌30min,离心10min,倒掉上层清液,用蒸馏水/无水乙醇洗涤三次,将得到的固体放入80℃的干燥箱中4h,研磨后装瓶,得到陈化后的酵母菌。
称取一定质量0.15g Fe3O4和0.3g 陈化后的酵母菌放到烧杯中,加入100mL无水乙醇,搅拌3h,离心烘干,将干燥后的样品放入瓷方舟中,在通有氮气的管式炉中350℃炭化1h,冷却后将样品研磨装瓶。
(3)纳米BiVO4的制备:
称取0.4mmol Bi(NO3)3·5H2O加入100mL乙二醇溶液中,将0.4mmol Na3VO4·12H2O加入100mL乙二醇溶液,然后将此溶液缓慢倒入上述溶液中,剧烈搅拌2小时,混合物被转移到一个50毫升的聚四氟乙烯衬里的高压釜,密封,加热100°C为12小时,然后冷却到室温。得到的固体产物离心收集上清,用正己烷和无水乙醇多次洗涤,然后冻干。
(4)磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C)的制备:
称取0.1 g BiVO4和0.007g Fe3O4/C加入乙醇溶液中,搅拌3h,用去离子水洗涤,冻干,得到磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C),其中Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量的7%。
实施例4:
按实施例1-3制备工艺同样步骤进行,取0.1g Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量的1% 、3%、5%、7%的BiVO4/Fe3O4/C样品在光化学反应仪中进行光催化降解试验,测该光催化剂对四环素的降解率;试验结果为,在60min内0.1g Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量的1% 、3%、5%、7%的BiVO4/Fe3O4/C光催化剂对四环素的降解率分别达到 35%、51%、90%、33%;可见Fe3O4/C的质量占BiVO4和Fe3O4/C总质量5%的BiVO4/Fe3O4/C对四环素的降解率最高。
按实施例1制备工艺同样步骤进行,取0.1g BiVO4样品在光化学反应仪中进行光催化降解试验,测得BiVO4对四环素的降解率在60min内达到54%。
按实施例1制备工艺同样步骤进行,取0.1g BiVO4/Fe3O4样品在光化学反应仪中进行光催化降解试验,测得BiVO4/Fe3O4对四环素的降解率在60min内达到55%。
本试验结果可证明,本发明的光催化剂对四环素降解效率比单一的BiVO4、BiVO4/Fe3O4明显提升。
图1a 是Fe3O4/C/BiVO4的SEM图,从图1a中可以看出BiVO4负载在Fe3O4/C上,为哑铃状,且两端呈现菜花状;从图1b、c中可以看出BiVO4为哑铃状,且两端呈现菜花状,图1dBiVO4的TEM中再次证明BiVO4的形貌为哑铃状,且两端呈现菜花状。
图2是Fe3O4/C/BiVO4和BiVO4样品的固体紫外漫反射图谱,从图中可以看出Fe3O4/C/BiVO4和BiVO4紫外-可见光区域内都具有很强的光吸收,纯的BiVO4可见光吸收边缘大约在540nm左右,而Fe3O4/C/BiVO4可见光吸收边缘明显发生红移,这主要是因为Fe3O4/C为黑色,在全光谱范围都有很强的光吸收。因此,通过固体紫外漫反射图谱可以证明Fe3O4/C/BiVO4复合光催化剂可以被可见光激发。
从图3中可以看出Fe3O4磁性最好,磁饱和强度可达60emu/g左右,相对于Fe3O4,Fe3O4/C/BiVO4磁性减弱,磁饱和强度可达42emu/g左右,仍具有较好的磁分离特性,仍然可以通过外界磁场分离,证明本发明制备的样品可以有效分离。
从图4中可以看出,5% Fe3O4/C/BiVO4降解四环素的活性最好,降解率在60min之内达到90%。
图5展示本发明制备的5% Fe3O4/C/BiVO4降解四环素溶液的5次循环实验,图中可见,经过5次循环实验之后,磁性复合光催化剂Fe3O4/C/BiVO4的光催化降解率变化很小,说明所制备的磁性复合光催化剂Fe3O4/C/BiVO4具有良好的光化学稳定性。
Claims (5)
1.一种磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂的制备方法,所述的光催化剂为哑铃状,且两端呈现菜花状;其特征在于,按照以下步骤进行:
(1)制备Fe3O4:
(2)Fe3O4/C的制备:称取酵母菌适量,倒入烧杯中,加入蒸馏水,磁力搅拌器搅拌混匀,离心后倒掉上层清液;下层固体加入到适量的无水乙醇中混匀,搅拌均匀后离心,倒掉上层清液;重复上述清洗步骤;
称取氯化锌,与洗涤后的酵母一起溶解,搅拌混匀,静置陈化后,搅拌混匀,离心;倒掉上层清液,用蒸馏水和无水乙醇分别进行洗涤,将得到的固体放入干燥箱中烘干,研磨后装瓶,得到陈化后的酵母菌;
称取一定质量Fe3O4和陈化后的酵母菌放到烧杯中,加入无水乙醇混匀,搅拌后离心烘干,将干燥后的样品放入瓷方舟中,在通有氮气的管式炉中煅烧后,冷却,将样品研磨装瓶,得到Fe3O4/C;
(3)制备纳米BiVO4:
(4)磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂(BiVO4/Fe3O4/C)的制备:
称取步骤(3)得到的纳米BiVO4和步骤(2)制备的Fe3O4/C加入乙醇溶液中,搅拌混匀,用去离子水洗涤,冻干;所述的BiVO4和Fe3O4/C的质量比为0.1g:0.001g~0.007g。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述酵母菌为安琪酵母,所述酵母菌与氯化锌的质量比例为1:0.6;所述陈化时间为3~4h。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述Fe3O4与陈化后的酵母菌的质量比为1:2。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述煅烧为在氮气条件下,在250℃~450℃温度下炭化1h。
5.根据权利要求 4所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述煅烧温度为350℃。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710713798.8A CN107684913B (zh) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | 磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710713798.8A CN107684913B (zh) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | 磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107684913A CN107684913A (zh) | 2018-02-13 |
CN107684913B true CN107684913B (zh) | 2019-12-31 |
Family
ID=61153465
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201710713798.8A Expired - Fee Related CN107684913B (zh) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | 磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN107684913B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108970603A (zh) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏大学 | 一种三维石墨烯载BiVO4复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109126810A (zh) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-04 | 四川省有色冶金研究院有限公司 | 一种沸石负载Bi1-xRxVO4-Fe3O4磁性纳米光催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN109107580A (zh) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-01 | 安徽瑞和新材料有限公司 | 一种磁性钒酸铋/钛酸铋/四氧化三铁光催化剂及其制备方法与应用 |
CN117399022B (zh) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-08 | 河北唯沃环境工程科技有限公司 | 一种木质素基复合催化材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102491418A (zh) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-13 | 江苏技术师范学院 | 哑铃状钒酸铋的制备方法 |
CN106984321A (zh) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏大学 | 一种磁性BiVO4量子点复合光催化剂及制备方法和用途 |
-
2017
- 2017-08-18 CN CN201710713798.8A patent/CN107684913B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102491418A (zh) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-13 | 江苏技术师范学院 | 哑铃状钒酸铋的制备方法 |
CN106984321A (zh) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏大学 | 一种磁性BiVO4量子点复合光催化剂及制备方法和用途 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107684913A (zh) | 2018-02-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107684913B (zh) | 磁性酵母炭负载BiVO4光催化剂及其制备和应用 | |
CN109395761B (zh) | 一种氮掺杂BiOIO3光催化剂的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN104399516A (zh) | 一种处理硝基苯酚废水的光催化剂的制备方法、一种硝基苯酚废水的处理方法 | |
WO2022083793A1 (zh) | 三维 / 二维 Ni-Co 双金属氧化物 /g-C3N4 纳米复合材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN110694662B (zh) | 一种二维I掺杂BiOIO3/g-C3N4复合催化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN110624566B (zh) | CuInS2量子点/NiAl-LDH复合光催化剂的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN112090440A (zh) | 一种复合羟基化氮化碳的氧缺陷二氧化钛材料及制备方法 | |
CN106540717A (zh) | 一种水热法合成可回收CdS/CoFe2O4/rGO复合光催化剂的制备方法及其用途 | |
CN112108150A (zh) | 基于磁性Fe3O4修饰的玉米芯生物质碳点复合Bi2WO6光催化剂的制备方法及用途 | |
CN110643021A (zh) | 一种能够大量吸附和降解苯系污染物的多孔聚合物 | |
CN106345477A (zh) | 一种磁性Fe3O4@C/Co3O4复合光催化剂的制备方法及用途 | |
CN104258857A (zh) | 一种铬酸银-氧化石墨烯复合光催化材料及其制备方法 | |
CN108543542B (zh) | 一种三维多孔复合光催化剂的制备方法及应用 | |
CN104841463A (zh) | 一种BiOCl/P25复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN108452788A (zh) | 间隙硼掺杂二氧化钛光催化材料的制备方法及应用 | |
CN108671956B (zh) | 一种离子填充石墨相氮化碳纳米片的制备方法 | |
CN105749918A (zh) | 一种具有双导电性C/Fe3O4/Bi2O3复合光催化剂的制备方法及用途 | |
CN109745992A (zh) | 一种高光催化活性单相铁电纳米材料及其制备方法 | |
CN108355674A (zh) | 一种用于污水处理的硫化锌复合光催化剂及制备方法 | |
CN108714428B (zh) | 一种纳米线光催化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN108855157B (zh) | 一种磷酸锌光催化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN115041212B (zh) | 一种氯化银-氮化碳复合光催化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN108554427B (zh) | 一种In2O3/BiOI半导体复合光催化剂及其制备方法和用途 | |
CN106540649B (zh) | 一种由鸡蛋壳构筑的锰钙纳米吸附剂的绿色合成及其应用 | |
CN113952973A (zh) | 一种NCQDs/p-Co3O4复合光催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20191231 Termination date: 20200818 |