CN107673830A - A kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation - Google Patents

A kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107673830A
CN107673830A CN201710932512.5A CN201710932512A CN107673830A CN 107673830 A CN107673830 A CN 107673830A CN 201710932512 A CN201710932512 A CN 201710932512A CN 107673830 A CN107673830 A CN 107673830A
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China
Prior art keywords
nicotine
activated carbon
water
paulownia
added
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CN201710932512.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗婵
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Changsha Aiyang Medical Technology Co Ltd
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Changsha Aiyang Medical Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710932512.5A priority Critical patent/CN107673830A/en
Publication of CN107673830A publication Critical patent/CN107673830A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

It is easy to run off for organic nitrogen in paulownia cake, the problems such as droop easily occurs, the present invention provides a kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation, and step includes：Take the material that content of starch is high, Crude starch is washed with water out, residue obtains activated carbon with paulownia shell through high temperature carbonization, paulownia oil cake adds inorganic N P and K and nicotine after fermentation degraded, add activated carbon and obtain suspension, after Crude starch addition acrylic acid and crosslinking agent after short time reaction, suspension is added, continues to react to obtain organic fertilizer products after stirring.It is water absorbent gel particle that this method, which directly utilizes Starch Conversion in plant root tuber, and organic matter and activated carbon are fixed in gel, reduces the production cost of fertilizer, has reached the purpose of fertilizer water conservation itself again；The vigor of nicotine degradation bacterium is ensure that in whole production process, under conditions of the nutriment and water-keeping gel for having abundance, can continue to keep the propagation growth of microorganism.

Description

A kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation, belong to fertilizer preparing technical field.
Background technology
Nicotiana Solanaceae is annual or limited herbaceos perennial, base portion slightly lignifying.Inflorescence basidixed, it is coniform, it is more Flower；Capsule ovate or square round shape, length are approximately equal to persistent calyx.The average content of chemical composition is respectively in flue-cured tobacco：Total reducing sugar 23.08%, reduced sugar 19.63%, total nitrogen 2%, nicotine 1.99%, protein 10.32%, schmuck value 2.45, total reducing sugar/nicotine Than 14.21, total nitrogen/nicotine is than 1.15.Also containing functional components such as rutin sophorin, Salanesol, chlorogenic acids.But cultivating tobacco Soil in all influence very big containing harmful substance, the growth and edaphon species on later stage crop such as a small amount of nicotine.
A kind of tobacco smoke alkaloid degradation bacteria microbacterium of Publication No. CN102719369A Introduction To Cn Patent and its in cigarette Application in grass.Bacterial strain disclosed in this invention can decompose in growth course and utilize nicotine.By the zymotic fluid of the bacterial strain or Thalline is added in the tobacco that water content is 10~50%, fermentation can make cigarette in 6~72 hours according to the 1~5% of tobacco leaf weight The nicotine content of leaf reduces by 2~33%, and tobacco leaf excitant significantly reduces, and miscellaneous gas is reduced, and flue gas becomes alcohol and aesthetic quality substantially changes It is kind.
A kind of nicotine efficient degrading bacteria of Publication No. CN103789238A Introduction To Cn Patent, the strain classification life It is entitled to bite histidinol arthrobacterium EA-17, China typical culture collection center is stored within 10th in September in 2013, preservation is compiled Number it is CCTCC NO：M2013405, its cultural method, each group of culture medium are divided into：K2HPO41g/L~14g/L, KH2PO41g/L ~5g/L, nicotine 0.1g/L~5g/L, glucose 5g/L~20g/L, peptone 5g/L~15g/L, Dried Corn Steep Liquor Powder 1g/L~ 10g/L, ammonium sulfate 1g/L~15g/L, MgSO40.1g/L~0.3g/L, FeSO40.1g/L~0.3g/L；Condition of culture is：30 DEG C~37 DEG C, pH6~8, plant 18~24h of age, inoculum concentration 0.1~10%.
A kind of screening separation side of the arthrobacterium of nicotine degradation of Publication No. CN104263688A Introduction To Cn Patent Method, comprise the following steps：(1), enrichment culture：The soil in tobacco planting field is put into nicotine culture medium, at ambient temperature Shaking table culture, after cultivating 1-3 days, pregnant solution is forwarded in fresh nicotine culture medium and continues to cultivate, repeat to cultivate relaying step More than three times, to reach the purpose of enrichment, it is standby to collect enrichment culture liquid；(2), isolate and purify：Gradient is pressed using physiological saline Enrichment culture liquid is diluted step by step, then dilution is coated in nicotine isolation medium, cultivated, and then chooses growth speed The bacterial strain that degree is fast, the growth impetus is good is isolated and purified；(3) bacterial strain after isolating and purifying, is inoculated in nicotine training by single bacterium colony Support in base, shaking table culture determines nicotine content in the zymotic fluid of nicotine culture medium, according to nicotine degradation after 1-3 days at room temperature The size of rate carrys out secondary screening bacterial strain, so as to obtain arthrobacterium SCUEC3 bacterial strains.
A kind of preparation side of nicotine degradation bacterium screening and culturing medium of Publication No. CN104388376A Introduction To Cn Patent Method, including：A. the preparation of sample environment soil extract：The soil 500g of sampling environment is taken, is placed in big triangular flask, adds nothing Bacterium water 900ml, 180r/min, room temperature concussion 30min, staticly settles, takes supernatant；Again by supernatant in 121 DEG C of high pressure steam sterilizations 20min, the sample environment soil extract is produced, 4 DEG C save backup；B. trehalose 0.5g is weighed, is placed in triangular flask, is added 100ml distilled water, high pressure steam sterilization 15min, produces aqueous trehalose under the conditions of 0.06MPa, 112.6 DEG C, is put into 60 DEG C Saved backup in condition insulating box；C. weigh gellan gum 3, with obtained soil extract 600ml slow mechanism dissolveds, then successively plus Enter K2HPO413g, KH2PO44g, (NH4)2SO40.5g, NaCl 5g, CaCl20.5g, beef extract 2g, dusty yeast 1g and agar powder 18g, 900ml is settled to distilled water, triangular flask is transferred to after stirring, high pressure steam sterilization 20min is when cold under the conditions of 121 DEG C When but to 60 DEG C or so, the aqueous trehalose 100ml of sterilizing is added with sterile working formality；D. with the pin of 0.22 μm of filter membrane specification Head filter adds nicotine 1g, and equidirectional soft rotate mixes, and produces nicotine degradation bacterium screening and culturing medium.
Publication No. CN104686811A Introduction To Cn Patent is a kind of to utilize the production of microbiological treatment tobacco waste The method of animal feeding-stuff dispensing, comprises the following steps：(1) discarded tobacco top and pin leaf are crushed to obtain crushed material, crushed A diameter of 0.75~0.85cm of material；(2) the Bacillus strain activation after fermentation culture with drop albumen effect is made into bacterium solution Middle cell concentration reaches 107~1010cfu/ml, then sprays ratio according to step (1) the crushed material quality 10%~20% Bacterium solution is sprayed at the surface of the crushed material by example；(3) by the Bacillus strain acted on nornicotine activation after fermentation training Supporting makes cell concentration in bacterium solution reach 107~1010cfu/ml, then according to step (1) the crushed material quality 5%~10% The surface for spraying ratio and bacterium solution being sprayed to the crushed material；(4) crushed material for having sprayed above two bacterium solution is mixed equal Stacked 3~5 days in the corner sheltered from heat or light, draining is unobstructed after even and obtain forage compounding；(5) by the forage compounding according to animal feeding-stuff The ratio of quality 10%~30% is added to pasture in animal feeding-stuff.
A kind of tobacco invalid body biochemical treatment of Publication No. CN103373867A Introduction To Cn Patent and Fertilizer Transformed profit With technique, comprise the following steps that：(1) leaf tobacco production organic waste classify comminution pretreatment in the hope of the discarded object of reduction Product, and its institutional framework is destroyed, it is easy to the fast degradation of later stage fermentation bacterium；(2) regulation pretreatment discarded object is suitably aqueous Rate, to be advantageous to subsequent production processing；(3) bed material is added, and carries out rational proportion, regulates C/N, it is zymogenic to be advantageous to Fully degraded；(4) material added in fermentation machine is warming up to 70~140 DEG C by heating system, it is small using high temperature sterilization 4 When, in the hope of thoroughly passivation, kill the cause such as tobacco mosaic virus (tmv), cucumber mosaic virus, balck shank, bacterial wilt, anthracnose, rust Sick microorganism, worm's ovum and weed seed；(5) material is cooled to 60 DEG C and adds quick high-temp fermentative microflora, fermented 18 hours, Initial breakdown is carried out to input tobacco residuum；(6) wait to be cooled to 40 DEG C, add nicotine rapidly and efficiently degradation flora, soil Functional microorganism strain and biological activated carbon, the stir cultures 1 such as nutrient effective activation flora, suppression soil-borne disease flora are small When after discharge；(7) afterripening fermentation through 7d generates high-quality multifunctional biological fertilizer again.
Publication No. CN105130547A Introduction To Cn Patent is a kind of using in During High-Temperature Composting degrading tobacco discarded object The method of nicotine content, comprises the following steps：1) pending tobacco waste is crushed using pulverizer, crosses 4~10 Mesh sieve；2) crush obtained tobacco waste and be well mixed to obtain composting material with feces of livestock and poultry, urea or ammonium sulfate；3) in compost Calcium magnesium phosphate or ground phosphate rock is added to obtain mixed material in raw material；4) using ground method of piling by mixed material into bar pile shape composting；5) Using turning or force ventilated mode During High-Temperature Composting, in compost heating and the every turning in two days of hot stage 1 time, megathermal period compost Heap temperature is no more than 70 DEG C, and temperature-fall period and after-ripening fertilizer conservation stage every turning in 5 days 1 time or not turning, compost is after 45 days, heap Fertilizer is decomposed, can directly be used as organic fertilizer.
A kind of Publication No. CN106119176A Introduction To Cn Patent bacillus amyloliquefaciens DGY18 of degrading nicotine And its application process, its deposit number are CGMCC NO.11900.The bacterium acts on healthy cigarette strain, during experiment 20 days, on The degradation rate of portion's tobacco leaf nicotine is 30%-40%.Using degrading nicotine of the present invention, not only time saving and energy saving, economic benefit is obvious, and And it more can effectively control upper tobacco leaf nicotine content, provide availability stronger raw tobacco material for low-coke tar cigarette product development Ensure, improve the utilizability of tobacco leaf
In summary, existing literature data directly applies Tobacco Farm after mainly using microbial degradation paulownia oil cake, and paulownia shell is adopted With directly burning, paulownia shell utilization rate is low, and organic nitrogen exists in growing process in paulownia oil cake is vulnerable to rain water runoff, separately A large amount of nicotine etc. are remained in outer tobacco field and destroy Soil Microorganism balance, make the phytosises such as plant easy infection droop Evil.
The content of the invention
It is easy to run off for organic nitrogen in paulownia cake, the problems such as droop easily occurs, the present invention provides a kind of intrinsic machine N P and K Ability is high, the fertilizer production method that resistance against diseases is strong, water retention is strong.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation, specific steps to include as follows：
(1) the high material of content of starch is taken, is crushed, is rinsed with water, aqueous and residue are collected, when aqueous stands one section Between, upper liquid and precipitation are obtained, amount L and weight of material the kg ratio of its reclaimed water are 2~5：1；
(2) take half upper liquid to be added in residue, add 35 DEG C~55 DEG C stirring 8~12h of immersion in paulownia shell, filter Filter residue and filtrate；
(3) after filter residue air-dries, 300 DEG C~500 DEG C are carried out after directly carbonizing, and obtain activated carbon granule；
(4) filtrate adds final concentration of 15~35% paulownia oil cake, 0.1~0.4% nicotine, 5~15% potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 5 After~10% potassium nitrate, 5~15% nicotine degradation bacterium, 24~36h of fermentation is added, then adds activated carbon granule thereto, is obtained mixed Suspension；
(5) after precipitation adds remaining upper liquid, 80 DEG C~100 DEG C 20~40min of gelatinization, 15~25% propylene are added Acid, 2.5~5% catalyst and 3~6% crosslinking agents, reaction solution is obtained after reacting at room temperature 10~20min, adds suspension, is stirred Continue 10~20h of reaction after uniformly and obtain gel fertiliser granulates, then 30 DEG C~40 DEG C low-temperature air-dryings to water content below 25%, twist 1~5 mesh is broken to, obtains organic fertilizer products.
The high material of the content of starch refers to the plant root tuber such as Pueraria lobota, sweet potato, yellow ginger, potato and Momordica grosvenori, and % is matter Measure kg and volume L ratios.
The mixed proportion of the residue and paulownia shell is 1kg：0.5~3kg.
The nicotine degradation bacterium refers to the straight bacterium of morganella morganii strain F4, white rot and pipe capsule yeast, bites histidinol arthrobacterium EA- 17 etc. can be bought to the microorganism of nicotine degradation with direct market, liquid bacterial medium culture can also be used to obtain.
In a specific embodiment, time of repose is 3~6h in the step (1).
In a specific embodiment, the amount kg and zymotic fluid cumulative volume L of activated carbon granule are added in the step (4) Than for 1kg：5~15L.
In a specific embodiment, catalyst refers to ammonium persulfate in the step (5), adds the volume of suspension The volume L ratios of L and reaction solution are 1L：5~15L.
In a specific embodiment, crosslinking agent refers to tetramethylethylenediamine, methylene bisacrylamide in the step (5) Acid amides etc..
Technique effect
1st, the content of organic nitrogen in organic fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium is effectively increased using microbial fermentation mode, and can is kept away completely Influence of the nicotine to plant growth is exempted from.
2nd, cellulose and lignin in paulownia shell are made full use of, the high potassium material of paulownia shell is made full use of, is converted into activated carbon, It is easy to adsorb substantial amounts of organic matter, slowly release organic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is reached under the influence of gel, turn avoid in fertilizer and seek Support the loss of element.
3rd, it is water absorbent gel particle directly to utilize Starch Conversion in plant root tuber, and organic matter and activated carbon is fixed on solidifying In glue, reduce the production cost of fertilizer, reach the purpose of fertilizer water conservation itself again.
4th, due to ensure that the vigor of nicotine degradation bacterium in whole production process, in the nutriment and water conservation for having abundance Under conditions of gel, it can continue to keep the propagation growth of microorganism.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention will be further detailed with embodiment, but it is not limited to any of these embodiments Individual or similar example.
Embodiment 1
Take 100kg to do Ge Jinhang to crush, rinsed with 300L water, collect aqueous and residue, aqueous stands a period of time, obtained Layer liquid and precipitation；Take half upper liquid to be added in 70kg residues, add 50 DEG C of stirring immersion 10h in 70kg paulownia shells, filter Filter residue and filtrate；After filter residue air-dries, 400 DEG C are carried out after directly carbonizing, and obtain activated carbon granule；It is withered that 100L filtrates add 25kg paulownias After cake, 200g nicotine, 12kg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 10kg potassium nitrate, 10kg nicotine degradations bacterium fermentation 24h is added, then thereto Activated carbon granule is added, obtains suspension；After 28kg precipitations add 120L upper liquids, 90 DEG C of gelatinization 30min, 20kg propylene is added Acid, 3kg catalyst and 4.5kg crosslinking agents, 150L reaction solutions are obtained after reacting at room temperature 15min, suspension are added, after stirring Continue to react 15h and obtain gel fertiliser granulates, then 40 DEG C of low-temperature air-dryings to water content below 25%, rub to 5 mesh, obtain organic fertilizer Expect product.Field test is carried out using the product, every mu of 500kg fertilizer (common fertilizer is applied in control) applies tobacco planting Ground, after maize planting, LC-MS detection nicotine content situations are carried out to the corn harvested, this product is applied and fails to detect, and It is 25ng/g that control test, which goes out nicotine content,.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation, specific steps include as follows：
(1) the high material of content of starch is taken, is crushed, is rinsed with water, collects aqueous and residue, aqueous stands a period of time, Upper liquid and precipitation are obtained, amount L and weight of material the kg ratio of its reclaimed water are 2~5：1；
(2) take half upper liquid to be added in residue, add 35 DEG C~55 DEG C stirring 8~12h of immersion in paulownia shell, filter to obtain filter residue And filtrate；
(3) after filter residue air-dries, 300 DEG C~500 DEG C are carried out after directly carbonizing, and obtain activated carbon granule；
(4) filtrate add final concentration of 15~35% paulownia oil cake, 0.1~0.4% nicotine, 5~15% potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 5~ After 10% potassium nitrate, 5~15% nicotine degradation bacterium, 24~36h of fermentation is added, then adds activated carbon granule thereto, must be suspended Liquid；
(5) after precipitation adds remaining upper liquid, 80 DEG C~100 DEG C 20~40min of gelatinization, 15~25% acrylic acid, 2.5 are added ~5% catalyst and 3~6% crosslinking agents, reaction solution is obtained after reacting at room temperature 10~20min, suspension is added, after stirring Continue 10~20h of reaction and obtain gel fertiliser granulates, then 30 DEG C~40 DEG C low-temperature air-dryings to water content below 25%, rub to 1 ~5 mesh, obtain organic water keeping fertilizer.
2. method according to claim 1, the mixed proportion of the residue and paulownia shell is 1kg：0.5~3kg.
3. method according to claim 1, the nicotine degradation bacterium refers to the straight bacterium of morganella morganii strain F4, white rot and pipe capsule ferment Mother, bite histidinol arthrobacterium EA-17 etc..
4. method according to claim 1, the middle amount kg for adding activated carbon granule of the step (4) and zymotic fluid cumulative volume L ratios For 1kg：5~15L.
5. method according to claim 1, the high material of the content of starch refers to Pueraria lobota, sweet potato, yellow ginger, potato and Momordica grosvenori Deng plant root tuber.
6. method according to claim 1, time of repose is 3~6h in the step (1).
7. method according to claim 1, catalyst refers to ammonium persulfate in the step (5), add the volume L of suspension with The volume L ratios of reaction solution are 1L：5~15L.
8. method according to claim 1, crosslinking agent refers to tetramethylethylenediamine, methylene bisacrylamide acyl in the step (5) Amine etc..
CN201710932512.5A 2017-10-10 2017-10-10 A kind of organic fertilizer products for promoting nicotine degradation Pending CN107673830A (en)

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CN102363641A (en) * 2011-10-09 2012-02-29 常熟市威腾进出口有限公司 Preparation method of starch maize modified sodium polyacrylate composite material
CN103642722A (en) * 2013-11-27 2014-03-19 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 Nicotine-degrading bacterium and application thereof
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KR20030091821A (en) * 2002-05-27 2003-12-03 주식회사 엔바이온 Novel microbacteria having the nicotine degradation activity
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Application publication date: 20180209