CN107667335A - 包括显示模块的能够检测压力的触摸输入装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开包括显示模块的能够检测压力的触摸输入装置。本发明的触摸输入装置包括:具有平面部及从平面部延伸且以预定曲率弯曲的至少一个曲面部的显示模块以及形成于显示模块的下部检测施加于所述显示模块的表面的触摸压力的压力检测模块,压力检测模块根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。从而,包括多种方式与形态的显示模块的触摸输入装置能够有效检测触摸位置及触摸压力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包括显示模块的能够检测压力的触摸输入装置,尤其涉及一种包括多种形态的显示模块的能够检测压力的触摸输入装置。
背景技术
为了操作计算系统而利用多种输入装置。例如,利用按键(button)、键(key)、操纵杆(joystick)及触摸屏之类的输入装置。由于触摸屏简单易操作,因此触摸屏在操作计算系统方面的利用率上升。
触摸屏可构成包括触摸感测板(touch sensor panel)的触摸输入装置的触摸表面,所述触摸感测板可以是具有触摸-感应表面(touch-sensitive surface)的透明板。这种触摸感测板附着在显示屏的前面,触摸-感应表面可覆盖显示屏的可视面。用户用手指等单纯地触摸触摸屏即可操作计算系统。通常,计算系统能够识别触摸屏上的触摸及触摸位置并解析该触摸以相应地执行运算。
另外,触摸屏可利用多种方式和形态的显示模块。因此,越来越需要作为包括多种方式与形态的显示模块的触摸输入装置能够有效检测触摸位置及触摸压力的触摸输入装置。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明旨在满足上述需求,本发明的目的在于提供一种作为包括多种方式与形态的显示模块的触摸输入装置,能够有效检测触摸位置及触摸压力的触摸输入装置。
技术方案
用于达成上述目的本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置包括:具有平面部及从所述平面部延伸且以预定曲率弯曲的至少一个曲面部的显示模块;以及形成于所述显示模块的下部,检测施加于所述显示模块的表面的触摸压力的压力检测模块,所述压力检测模块根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
并且,所述压力检测模块可位于所述显示模块的所述平面部与所述曲面部中至少一个的区域的下部。
并且,所述压力检测模块包括用于检测压力的电极,可根据所述电极与所述基准电位层之间的距离随触摸发生变化而产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
所述显示模块可具有OLED板。
所述基准电位层可以由柔性材料的基板构成。
所述曲面部可以从所述平面部的两侧面中至少一个侧面延伸。
另外,用于达成上述目的的本发明的触摸输入装置,包括:具有以预定曲率弯曲的曲面形状的显示模块;以及形成于所述显示模块的下部,检测施加于所述显示模块的表面的触摸压力的压力检测模块,所述压力检测模块根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
并且,所述压力检测模块包括用于检测压力的电极,可根据所述电极与所述基准电位层之间的距离随触摸发生变化而产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
并且,所述显示模块可具有OLED板。
另外,用于达成上述目的的本发明又一实施例的触摸输入装置是能够检测触摸位置与触摸压力的触摸输入装置,所述触摸输入装置的前面具有:检测触摸位置的触摸感测板;以及配置于所述触摸感测板的下部的显示模块,所述触摸输入装置的上下左右侧面及背面中至少一个上可具有根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力的压力检测模块。
并且,所述压力检测模块可位于配置在所述触摸输入装置的侧面的侧面罩部件的下部。
并且,所述压力检测模块可位于配置在所述触摸输入装置的侧面的侧面显示模块的下部。
并且,还可以包括位于所述侧面显示模块的上部,在侧面检测触摸位置的侧面触摸感测板。
另外,用于达成上述目的的本发明又一实施例的触摸输入装置是能够检测触摸位置与触摸压力且前面划分为显示区域与非显示区域的触摸输入装置,所述显示区域包括:检测触摸位置的触摸感测板;以及配置于所述触摸感测板的下部的显示模块,所述非显示区域包括:根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力的至少一个压力检测模块。
并且,所述至少一个压力检测模块可被柔性材料的覆盖层盖住。
技术效果
根据具有上述构成的本发明的触摸输入装置,无论采用何种方式或形态的显示模块都能够有效检测触摸位置及触摸压力。
并且,压力检测模块能够代替现有的机械式按键,因此能够防止发生机械性缺陷、故障等,减少制造工序及费用,而且能够使无按键方式的触摸输入装置的设计更加简约。
附图说明
图1为用于说明作为本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的一个构成的触摸感测板的构成与动作的示意图;
图2为显示本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的构成的示意图;
图3a至图3d用于说明本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的触摸压力感测方式,是显示多种实施例的压力检测模块的构成的示意图;
图4a至图4f显示作为多种实施例的触摸输入装置的一个构成的压力检测模块的结构剖面;
图5a为显示能够包含于作为本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的一个构成的显示模块的OLED板的构成的示意图;
图6至图8为显示本发明多种实施例的触摸输入装置的层积结构的示意图;
图9为显示本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的适用例的示意图;
图10为显示本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的适用例的示意图;
图11为显示本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的适用例的示意图;
图12a为本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的立体图;
图12b为沿图12a的A-A′切开的剖面图;
图13为本发明又一实施例的触摸输入装置的立体图。
图14为显示本发明多种实施例的触摸输入装置的简要示意图。
具体实施方式
以下参见示出能够实施本发明的特定实施例的附图对本发明进行具体说明。通过具体说明附图所示的特定实施例使得本发明所属技术领域一般技术人员足以实施本发明。特定实施例以外的其他实施例虽互不相同,但并非相互排斥。另外,不得将下述具体说明理解为限定的意思。
对附图所示特定实施例的具体说明应基于结合说明的附图进行解读,附图视为对整个发明的说明的一部分。关于方向或指向性的记载只是为了便于说明而已,目的并非以任意方式限定本发明的范围。
具体来讲,“下、上、水平、垂直、上侧、下侧、朝上、朝下、上部、下部”等表示位置的术语或其衍生词(如“向水平方向、向下侧、向上侧”等)应结合所说明的附图与相关说明进行理解。尤其,这些相对语只是为了便于说明,并非要求本发明的装置应向特定方向构成或工作。
并且,“安装的、附着的、连接的、连续的、相互连接的”等表示构成之间相互结合关系的术语在没有其他记载的情况下,可表示个别构成要素直接或间接附着或连接或固定的状态,并且应理解不仅包括可移动地附着、连接、固定的状态,还包括不可移动的状态。
以下参见附图具体说明本发明的触摸输入装置。
本发明的包括显示模块的能够检测压力的触摸输入装置可用于智能手机、智能手表、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(PDA:personal digital assistant)、MP3播放器、相机、摄像机、电子辞典等可便携的电子产品、家用电脑、电视、DVD、冰箱、空调、电磁炉等家用电子产品。并且,本发明的包括显示模块的能够检测压力的触摸输入装置可适用于工业用控制装置、医疗装置等需要显示和输入用装置的所有产品,适用方面不受限制。
图1为用于说明包含于本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的电容式的触摸感测板100的构成与动作的示意图。参见图1,触摸感测板100包括多个驱动电极TX1至TXn及多个接收电极RX1至RXm,可包括驱动部120及感测部110,驱动部120为了所述触摸感测板100的动作而向多个驱动电极TX1至TXn施加驱动信号,感测部110接收包括随着触摸感测板100的触摸表面受到触摸发生变化的电容变化量的信息的感测信号以检测触摸及触摸位置。
如图1所示,触摸感测板100可包括多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm。图1显示触摸感测板100的多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm构成正交阵列,但本发明不限于此,多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm可以构成对角线、同心圆及三维随机排列等任意维及其应用排列。其中n及m是正整数,可具有相同或不同的值,大小可以随实施例而异。
如图1所示,多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm可排列成分别相互交叉。驱动电极TX可包括向第一轴方向延长的多个驱动电极TX1至TXn,接收电极RX可包括向交叉于第一轴方向的第二轴方向延长的多个接收电极RX1至RXm。
本发明实施例的触摸感测板100中,多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm可形成于同一层。例如,多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm可形成于绝缘膜(未示出)的同一面。并且,多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm也可以形成于不同的层。例如,多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm可以分别形成于一个绝缘膜(未示出)的两面,或者,可以使多个驱动电极TX1至TXn形成于第一绝缘膜(未示出)的一面,多个接收电极RX1至RXm形成于不同于所述第一绝缘膜的第二绝缘膜(未示出)的一面上。
多个驱动电极TX1至TXn与多个接收电极RX1至RXm可以由透明导电物质(例如,由二氧化锡(SnO2)及氧化铟(In2O3)等构成的铟锡氧化物(ITO:Indium Tin Oxide)或锑锡氧化物(ATO:Antimony Tin Oxide))等形成。但这只是举例而已,驱动电极TX及接收电极RX也可以由其他透明导电物质或非透明导电物质形成。例如,形成驱动电极TX及接收电极RX的物质可包括银墨(silver ink)、铜(copper)、银纳米(nano silver)及碳纳米管(CNT:Carbon Nanotube)中至少任意一种。并且,驱动电极TX及接收电极RX可以由金属网(metalmesh)构成。
实施例的驱动部120可以向驱动电极TX1至TXn施加驱动信号。根据实施例,可以向第一驱动电极TX1至第n驱动电极TXn按顺序一次向一个驱动电极施加驱动信号。上述施加驱动信号的过程可以再次重复进行。但这只是举例而已,其他实施例可以同时向多个驱动电极施加驱动信号。
感测部110可以通过接收电极RX1至RXm接收包括关于被施加驱动信号的驱动电极TX1至TXn与接收电极RX1至RXm之间生成的电容(Cm)101的信息的感测信号以检测有无触摸及触摸位置。例如,感测信号可以是施加到驱动电极TX的驱动信号通过驱动电极TX与接收电极RX之间生成的电容(Cm)101耦合的信号。
可以将上述通过接收电极RX1至RXm感测施加到第一驱动电极TX1至第n驱动电极TXn的驱动信号的过程称为扫描(scan)触摸感测板100。
例如,感测部110可包括通过开关连接于各接收电极RX1至RXm的接收器(未示出)。所述开关在感测相应接收电极RX的信号的时间区间接通(on)使得接收器能够从接收电极RX感测到感测信号。接收器可包括放大器(未示出)及结合于放大器的负(-)输入端与放大器的输出端之间即反馈路径的反馈电容器。此处,放大器的正(+)输入端可接入接地(ground)。并且,接收器还可以包括与反馈电容器并联的复位开关。复位开关可以对接收器执行的从电流到电压的转换进行复位。放大器的负输入端连接于相应接收电极RX,可以接收包括关于电容(Cm)101的信息的电流信号后通过积分转换为电压。感测部110还可以包括将通过接收器积分的数据转换为数字数据的模数转换器(未示出;ADC:analog to digitalconverter)。随后,数字数据可输入到处理器(未示出)处理为用于获取对触摸感测板100的触摸的信息。感测部110除接收器之外还可以包括ADC及处理器。
控制部130可以执行控制驱动部120与感测部110的动作的功能。例如,控制部130可以生成驱动控制信号后发送到驱动部120使得驱动信号在预定时间施加到预先设定的驱动电极TX。并且,控制部130可以生成感测控制信号后发送到感测部110使得感测部110在预定时间从预先设定的接收电极RX接收感测信号并执行预先设定的功能。
图1中,驱动部120及感测部110可以构成能够检测触摸感测板100是否受到触摸及触摸位置的触摸检测装置(未标出)。触摸检测装置还可以包括控制部130。触摸检测装置可以集成于包括触摸感测板100的触摸输入装置1000中作为触摸感测电路的触摸感测IC(touch sensing Integrated Circuit)上。包含于触摸感测板100的驱动电极TX及接收电极RX例如可以通过导电线路(conductive trace)及/或印刷于电路板上的导电图案(conductive pattern)等连接到包含于触摸感测IC 150的驱动部120及感测部110。触摸感测IC 150可以位于印刷有导电图案的印刷电路板上,例如第一印刷电路板(以下称为第一PCB)。根据实施例,触摸感测IC可以安装在用于触摸输入装置1000工作的主板上。
如上所述,驱动电极TX与接收电极RX的每个交叉点都生成预定值的电容(C),手指之类的客体靠近触摸感测板100时这种电容的值能够发生变化。图1中所述电容可以表示互电容(Cm)。感测部110可以通过感测这种电学特性感测触摸感测板100是否受到触摸及/或触摸位置。例如,可以感测由第一轴与第二轴构成的二维平面构成的触摸感测板100的表面是否受到触摸及/或其位置。
进一步来讲,触摸感测板100受到触摸时可以通过检测被施加驱动信号的驱动电极TX检测触摸的第二轴方向的位置。同样,触摸感测板100受到触摸时可以从通过接收电极RX接收的接收信号检测电容变化以检测触摸的第一轴方向的位置。
以上具体说明的触摸感测板100为互电容方式的触摸感测板,但本发明实施例的触摸输入装置1000中用于检测是否受到触摸及触摸位置的触摸感测板100除上述方法以外还可以采用自电容方式、表面电容方式、投射(projected)电容方式、电阻膜方式、表面弹性波方式(SAW:surface acoustic wave)、红外线(infrared)方式、光学成像方式(opticalimaging)、分散信号方式(dispersive signal technology)或声学脉冲识别(acousticpulse recognition)方式等任意触摸感测方式。
实施例的能够适用压力检测模块的触摸输入装置1000中用于检测触摸位置的触摸感测板100可以位于显示模块200外部或内部。
包含于实施例的能够适用压力检测模块的触摸输入装置1000的显示模块200的显示板可以是包含于有机发光显示装置(OLED:Organic Light Emitting Diode)等的显示板。
但本发明的触摸输入装置1000的显示模块200并非仅限于此,其还可以是液晶显示装置(LCD:Liquid Crystal Display)、等离子显示板(PDP:Plasma Display Panel)等能够显示的其他方式的模块。
因此,用户可以一边视觉确认显示板显示的画面,一边对触摸表面进行触摸执行输入行为。此处,显示模块200可包括控制电路,该控制电路使得从用于触摸输入装置1000工作的主板(main board)上的中央处理单元即CPU(central processing unit)或应用处理器(AP:application processor)等接收输入并在显示板上显示所需内容。这种控制电路可安装于第二印刷电路板(未示出)。其中,用于显示板工作的控制电路可包括显示板控制IC、图像控制IC(graphic controller IC)及其他显示板工作所需的电路。
以上说明了与感测触摸位置的触摸感测板100的动作相关的内容,以下参见图2、图3a至图3d继续说明感测触摸压力的方式及原理。
图2为显示本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置1000的构成的示意图,图3a至图3d为显示感测触摸压力的方式及用于其的压力检测模块400的多种实施例的示意图。
如图2所示,本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置1000包括触摸感测板100、显示模块200、压力检测模块400及基板300。其中,基板300可以是基准电位层。本发明其他实施例的触摸输入装置1000的基准电位层可以按照不同于图2的方式配置。即,基准电位层可配置在压力检测模块400上部,也可配置在显示模块200内。并且,可具有一个以上的基准电位层。其中,压力检测模块400的配置位置可随触摸输入装置1000的层积结构而异。以下通过说明图3a至图3d的实施例对此进行具体说明。
如图3a所示,显示模块200与基板300之间可具有隔离层420。如图3a所示实施例配置的压力电极450、460可位于显示模块200与基板300之间且配置在基板300侧。
用于检测压力的压力电极可包括第一电极450与第二电极460。其中,第一电极450与第二电极460中任意一个可以是驱动电极,其余一个可以是接收电极。可向驱动电极施加驱动信号并通过接收电极获取感测信号。施加电压的情况下,第一电极450与第二电极460之间可生成互电容。
图3b为图3a所示的触摸输入装置1000被施加压力的情况的剖面图。显示模块200的下部面可具有接地(ground)电位以屏蔽噪声。通过客体500向触摸感测板100的表面施加压力的情况下触摸感测板100及显示模块200能够弯曲。从而,作为基准电位层的接地电位面与压力电极图案450、460之间的距离d能够减小到d′。该情况下,随着所述距离d减小,边缘电容被显示模块200的下部面吸收,因此第一电极450与第二电极460之间的互电容能够减小。因此,可从通过接收电极获取的感测信号获取互电容的减小量算出触摸压力的大小。
根据实施例的触摸输入装置1000,向显示模块200施加触摸压力的情况下,在触摸位置可发生最大变形。根据实施例,显示模块200弯曲时发生最大变形的位置可能与触摸发生位置不一致,但至少显示模块的该触摸位置发生弯曲。例如,触摸位置邻近显示模块200的轮廓及周缘等的情况下,显示模块弯曲程度最大的位置可能不同于触摸位置,但至少显示模块200的所述触摸位置能够发生弯曲。
图3c显示本发明又一实施例的触摸输入装置1000的压力电极配置。图3c所示的电极配置中,压力电极450、460可位于显示模块200与基板300之间,具体配置在显示模块200侧。
虽然图3a及图3b的实施例显示压力电极450、460形成于基板300上,但压力电极450、460形成于显示模块200的下部面也无妨。其中,基板300可作为基准电位层具有接地电位。因此,对触摸感测板100的触摸表面进行触摸的情况下基板300与压力电极450、460之间的距离d减小,最终能够引起第一电极450与第二电极460之间的互电容的变化。
图3d显示又一实施例的触摸输入装置1000的电极配置。图3d的实施例中,作为压力电极的第一电极450与第二电极460中任意一个形成于基板300侧,其余一个形成于显示模块200的下部面侧。图3d例示第一电极450形成于基板300侧且第二电极460形成于显示模块200的下部面侧。当然,也可以采用互换第一电极450与第二电极460的位置的方式。
通过客体500向触摸感测板100的表面施加压力的情况下触摸感测板100及显示模块200能够弯曲。因此第一电极450与第二电极460之间的距离d能够减小。该情况下,随着所述距离d减小,第一电极450与第二电极460之间的互电容能够减小。因此,可从通过接收电极获取的感测信号获取互电容的减小量算出触摸压力的大小。
图4a至图4f显示作为多种实施例的触摸输入装置1000的一个构成的压力检测模块400的结构剖面。
如图4a所示,实施例的压力电极模块400中压力电极450、460位于第一绝缘层410与第二绝缘层411之间。例如,可在第一绝缘层410上形成压力电极450、460后用第二绝缘层411盖住压力电极450、460。其中,第一绝缘层410与第二绝缘层411可以由聚酰亚胺(polyimide)之类的绝缘物质构成。第一绝缘层410可以是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET:Polyethylene terephthalate),第二绝缘层411可以是由油墨(ink)构成的覆盖层(coverlayer)。压力电极450、460可包括铜(copper)与铝之类的物质。根据实施例,第一绝缘层410与第二绝缘层411之间及压力电极450、460与第一绝缘层410之间可通过液体粘贴剂(liquid bond)之类的粘贴剂(未示出)粘贴。并且根据实施例,压力电极450、460可以通过在第一绝缘层410上放置具有对应于压力电极图案的贯通孔的掩模(mask)后喷射导电喷剂(spray)形成。
图4a的压力检测模块400还包括弹性泡沫440,弹性泡沫440可形成于第二绝缘层411的一面,具体为第一绝缘层410所在方向的反方向。之后,压力检测模块400附着于基板300时可以以第二绝缘层411为基准在基板300侧配置弹性泡沫440。
其中,为了将压力检测模块400附着到基板300,可在弹性泡沫430的外廓形成具有预定厚度的粘贴带430。根据实施例,粘贴带430可以是两面粘贴带。其中,粘贴带430还可以起到将弹性泡沫430粘贴到第二绝缘层411的作用。其中,在弹性泡沫430外廓配置粘贴带430能够有效减小压力检测模块400的厚度。
图4a例示的压力检测模块400附着到位于下端的基板300的情况下,压力电极450、460可工作以用于检测压力。例如,压力电极450、460配置于显示模块200侧,基准电位层相当于基板300,弹性泡沫440可执行相当于隔离层420的动作。例如,从上部对触摸输入装置1000进行触摸的情况下弹性泡沫440受到挤压,因此压力电极450、460与作为基准电位层的基板300之间的距离减小,故第一电极450与第二电极460之间的互电容能够减小。可通过这种电容变化检测触摸压力的大小。
图4b不同于图4a,并非通过位于弹性泡沫440外廓的粘贴带430将压力检测模块400附着到基板300。参见图4b,可包括用于将弹性泡沫440粘贴到第二绝缘层411的第一粘贴带431和用于将压力检测模块400粘贴到基板300的弹性泡沫440上的第二粘贴带432。如上,通过配置第一粘贴带431及第二粘贴带432,能够将弹性泡沫440牢固地附着于第二绝缘层411且将压力检测模块400牢固地附着于基板300。根据实施例,图4b例示的压力检测模块400可不包括第二绝缘层411。例如,可以使第一粘贴带431在起到直接盖住压力电极450、460的覆盖层的作用的同时起到将弹性泡沫440粘贴到第一绝缘层410及压力电极450、460的作用。这也可以适用于以下图4c至图4f的情况。
图4c为图4a所示的结构的变形例。如图4c所示,可以在弹性泡沫440形成贯通弹性泡沫440的高度的孔(hole)H使得触摸输入装置1000受到触摸时弹性泡沫440容易挤压。孔H内可以填充空气。弹性泡沫440容易挤压的情况下能够提高压力检测敏感度。并且,在弹性泡沫400上形成孔H能够消除将压力检测模块400附着到基板300等时空气导致弹性泡沫400的表面凸出的现象。图4c除粘贴带430之外还可以包括第一粘贴带431以确保弹性泡沫400牢固地粘贴于第二绝缘层411。
图4d为图4b所示结构的变形例,和图4c一样,弹性泡沫440上形成有贯通弹性泡沫440的高度的孔H。
图4e为图4b所示结构的变形例,还包括位于第一绝缘层410的一面,具体位于弹性泡沫440所在方向的反方向上的一面的第二弹性泡沫441。可增设这种第二弹性泡沫441以最小化后续压力检测模块400附着于触摸输入装置1000时传递到显示模块200的冲击。其中,还可以包括用于将第二弹性泡沫441粘贴到第一绝缘层410的第三粘贴层433。
图4f例示能够工作以检测压力的压力检测模块400的结构。图4f显示弹性泡沫440配置于第一电极450、451与第二电极460、461之间的压力检测模块400的结构。类似于参见图4b所述说明,第一电极450、451形成于第一绝缘层410与第二绝缘层411之间,并且可以形成有第一粘贴带431、弹性泡沫440及第二粘贴带432。第二电极460、461形成于第三绝缘层412与第四绝缘层413之间,第四绝缘层413可通过第二粘贴带432附着于弹性泡沫440的一面侧。其中,第三绝缘层412的基板侧一面可形成有第三粘贴带433,压力检测模块400可通过第三粘贴带433附着于基板300。如参见图4b所述说明,根据实施例,图4f例示的压力检测模块400可不包括第二绝缘层411及/或第四绝缘层413。例如,第一粘贴带431可以在起到直接盖住第一电极450、451的覆盖层的作用的同时起到将弹性泡沫440附着到第一绝缘层410及第一电极450、451的作用。并且,第二粘贴带432可以在起到直接盖住第二电极460、461的覆盖层的作用的同时起到将弹性泡沫440附着到第三绝缘层412及第二电极460、461的作用。
其中,触摸输入装置1000受到触摸时弹性泡沫440能够挤压,因此第一电极450、451与第二电极460、461之间的互电容能够增大。可通过这种电容的变化检测触摸压力。并且,根据实施例,可以使第一电极450、451与第二电极460、461中任意一个为接地(ground),并通过其余一个电极感测自电容。
相比于以单个层构成电极的情况,图4f的情况下压力检测模块400的厚度及制造成本上升,但能够保障压力检测性能不随位于压力检测模块400外部的基准电位层的特性变化。即,通过如图4f构成压力检测模块400,能够最小化检测压力时外部电位(接地)环境的影响。因此,无论适用压力检测模块400的触摸输入装置1000为何种都能够使用相同的压力检测模块400。
以上说明了利用包括驱动电极与接收电极的压力电极,根据驱动电极与接收电极靠近基准电位层的过程中变化的互电容变化量检测压力,但本发明的压力检测模块400也可以根据自电容变化量检测触摸压力。
简单来讲,能够利用形成于压力电极(驱动电极与接收电极中任意一个)和基准电位层之间的自电容(self capacitance)检测触摸压力。即,可根据形成于驱动电极与基准电位层之间的自电容及/或形成于接收电极与基准电位层之间的自电容检测触摸压力。用户进行了触摸但并未施加触摸压力的情况下,压力电极与基准电位层之间的距离不发生变化,因此自电容值不变。该情况下只会通过触摸感测板100感测到触摸位置。但还施加触摸压力的情况下,自电容值按上述方式变化,压力检测模块400根据自电容的变化量检测触摸压力。
具体来讲,通过触摸施加压力的情况下,基准电位层或压力电极(驱动电极或接收电极)移动,基准电位层与压力电极之间的距离靠近,自电容值增大。根据增大的自电容值判断触摸压力的大小以检测触摸压力。
以下说明显示模块200的一个实施例。作为本发明的触摸输入装置1000的一个构成的显示模块200可包括OLED板。
OLED板比LCD板具有更多优点,因此呈现广泛用于需要显示的装置的趋势。LCD板是在两个玻璃板之间插入具有固体和液体的中间性质的液晶(liquid crystal)控制电刺激的同时使液晶内产生的光发生折射以显示文字、画像。这种LCD需要背光单元,因此导致显示器的厚度增大且需要一直向背光单元施加电源,因此电能消耗高且响应速度比OLED慢。
另外,OLED板是利用向荧光或磷光有机物薄膜导通电流时电子与空穴在有机物层结合的同时发光的原理的自发光型显示板,构成发光层的有机物质决定光的颜色。具体来讲,OLED利用在玻璃或塑料上涂布有机物并导通电流时有机物发光的原理。即,利用分别向有机物的阳极与阴极注入空穴与电子使得在发光层再结合时形成高能量态的励磁(excitation),励磁降到低能量态的过程中放出能量生成特定波长的光的原理。此处,光的颜色因发光层的有机物而异。
根据构成像素矩阵的像素的工作特性,OLED具有线驱动方式的无源矩阵OLED(PM-OLED:Passive-matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode)与独立驱动方式的主动矩阵OLED(AM-OLED:Active-matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode)。由于两者均不需要背光,因此能够使显示模块非常薄,各角度具有一定的明暗比,基于温度的颜色再现性强,具有如上优点。并且,由于未驱动的像素不消耗电能,因此还具有很好的经济性。
在工作方面,PM-OLED仅在扫描时间(scanning time)期间用高电流发光,AM-OLED在帧时间(frame time)期间用低电流保持持续发光状态。因此,与PM-OLED相比,AM-OLED具有分辨率高、有利于驱动大面积显示板、电能消耗小的优点。并且,由于可以内置薄膜晶体管(TFT)以分别控制各元件,因此容易得到精致画面。
图5a为显示能够包含于作为本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置1000的一个构成的显示模块200的OLED板的构成的示意图。
如图5a所示,OLED基本由阳极、有机物层及阴极构成,有机物层280可包括空穴注入层(HIL:Hole Injection Layer)、空穴输送层(HTL:Hole Transfer Layer)、电子注入层(EIL:Emission Material Layer)、电子输送层(ETL:Electron Transfer Layer)及发光层(EML:Electron Injection Layer)。
简单来讲,HIL起到注入空穴的功能,利用CuPc等物质。HTL起到移动注入的空穴的功能,空穴的移动性(hole mobility)必须好。HTL可以利用芳基胺(arylamine)、TPD等。EIL与ETL是用于注入和输送电子的层,注入的电子与空穴在EML结合发光。EML是显示发光颜色的材料,由决定有机物寿命的主体(host)与决定色感及效率的掺杂物(dopant)构成。
其中,在图5b中示出现在广泛用于智能手机等移动装置的AM-OLED板的剖面并进行简单说明。如图5b所示,AM-OLED板由TFT基板(thin film transistor backplane)、阳极(Anode)、有机物层、阴极(Cathode)、偏光板(Polarizer)构成。另外,虽然有很多种方式的AM-OLED板,而其中RGB方式的AM-OLED板是一个像素由三原色(红、绿、蓝)构成以决定光的颜色。
AM-OLED板如图5b所示,阳极与阴极之间插入有有机物层,TFT为开(On)状态的情况下,阳极被施加驱动电流而注入空穴,阴极注入电子,空穴与电子向有机物层移动相遇而发光。
本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置1000的显示模块200可包括OLED板(AM-OLED板或PM-OLED板)。利用OLED板的显示模块200下部层积用于检测触摸压力的多种构成(例:压力检测模块400及基准电位层610等)。
本发明的触摸输入装置1000可用于图9至图11所示的多种装置(例:智能手机、TV等),但不限于此。如上所述,其还可以任意适用于智能手表、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(PDA:personal digital assistant)、MP3播放器、相机、摄像机、电子辞典等可便携的电子产品、家用电脑、电视、DVD、冰箱、空调、电磁炉等家用电子产品、工业用控制装置、医疗装置等,适用方面不受限制。
首先,图9显示本发明的触摸输入装置1000为智能手机的实施例。尤其,图9的实施例的显示模块200可具有边缘位置为曲面的形状。
参见图9所示的实施例,显示模块200具有由平面部290与曲面部291构成的形状。其中,平面部290位于中央,曲面部291可从所述平面部290延伸位于两侧面。曲面部291可以是以预定的曲率弯曲的形状。
其中,预定的曲率是能够使得用户容易识别通过显示模块200显示的影像或适于操作形成于显示模块200的上部或下部的触摸感测板100或压力检测模块400的曲率便足矣,本发明并非限定于所述曲面部291的特定曲率值。
另外,图9显示显示模块200的两侧面形成有曲面部291,但也可以使平面部290的左侧或右侧一个侧面形成有曲面部291。
图10及图11显示本发明的触摸输入装置1000适用于整体为曲面的TV和智能手机的实施例。如图10及图11所示,显示模块200可以是整体上中央部向下方弯曲的形状。
当然,也可以不同与此,例如可以是显示模块200的中央部向上方弯曲的曲面形状。并且,也可以是与横向弯曲的图10及图11的实施例相反地竖向弯曲的显示模块200。
并且,本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置1000可以是利用合适的显示板(例如,AM-OLED板或LCD板)与柔性(flexible)材料的基板等形成的能够在预定范围内弯曲的形态。
图6至图8显示本发明多种实施例的触摸输入装置1000的层积结构。具体来讲,图6至图8为适用图9的实施例的触摸输入装置1000的层积结构。
利用如图9所示的由平面部290与至少一个曲面部291构成的显示模块200的情况下,本发明的触摸输入装置1000可由图6至图8的层积结构构成。
图6所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000中,只有显示模块200的平面部290的垂直下部区域具有压力检测模块400。
即,显示模块200的曲面部291的下部区域没有压力检测模块400。反面,可相对于显示模块200的整个面具有触摸感测板100。
如图6所示,压力检测模块400(及基准电位层610)仅存在于显示模块200的平面部290,更具体来讲仅存在于平面部290的下部区域的情况下,由于触摸感测板100设置于显示模块200的整个面,因此在显示模块200的整个区域感测触摸位置,而只有在显示模块200的平面部290处检测触摸压力。
即,根据图6所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000,显示模块200的两侧面无法检测触摸压力,因此能够防止因用户手握而意外发生触摸输入(位置及压力)。
例如,将具有本发明的触摸输入装置1000的智能手机放在口袋内的状态下,能够防止显示模块200的两侧面意外受到挤压而意外受到触摸压力时,压力检测模块400检测触摸压力并执行该动作的事故。
图7的实施例的触摸输入装置1000具有显示模块200的整个面形成有触摸感测板100与压力检测模块400(及基准电位层610)的结构。
因此,图7所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000的显示模块200的整个区域都能够检测触摸位置及触摸压力,因此用户可在显示模块200的任意区域进行触摸输入。
图7所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000不同于图6的实施例,除平面部290之外曲面部291也检测触摸压力,因此能够用通过触摸压力进行输入的方式替换以往通过机械式按键进行输入的方式。
即,用户可以将按压按键改为按压两侧面的显示面以感受和按压按键一样的使用感。
根据图8所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000,只有显示模块200的曲面部291的下部区域形成有压力检测模块400(及基准电位层610)。
因此,图8所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000中只有显示模块200的曲面部291处能够检测压力,因此用户按压两侧面的显示面以代替按压按键,能够用类似的方式感受按压按键的感觉。反面,平面部290的区域仅能通过触摸感测板100检测触摸位置。
另外,图8显示显示模块200的前面部(平面部290及曲面部291)形成有触摸感测板100,但也可以不同于此,即仅在平面部290形成触摸感测板100以降低制造成本、简化结构。并且,仅在曲面部291形成触摸感测板100也无妨。
其中,图8所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000具有彼此相隔的两个压力检测模块400-1、400-2,因此可以设计成利用一个或两个信道驱动两个压力检测模块400-1、400-2。
即,两个压力检测模块400-1、400-2可利用不同的信道检测触摸位置及触摸压力,也可以通过一个信道检测触摸位置与触摸压力。
并且,图8所示实施例的情况下,可以将平面部290的下部区域用作触摸输入装置工作所需的其他要素的内装空间,因此空间方面具有有益效果。
另外,图中虽未示出,但不同于图8的实施例,只有显示模块200的左侧或右侧具有曲面部291的情况下,可适当变更以上说明的触摸感测板100与压力检测模块400的结构得到能够检测触摸位置及触摸压力的触摸输入装置1000。
参见图6至图8说明了触摸感测板100另外构成于显示模块200的上部,但与显示模块200构成一体也无妨。即,触摸感测板100可以以内嵌(In-cell)方式构成,本发明的触摸输入装置1000不限于触摸感测板100与显示模块200的特定配置,可以以多种方式构成。
另外,图6至图8所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000可具有向用于感测触摸输入的各构成供应电源的电池B。并且,还可以具有保障触摸输入装置1000的可靠驱动,防止冲击损伤的冲击吸收部SP。
图6至图8所示实施例的触摸输入装置1000的结构中,基准电位层610、610-1、610-2的结构或功能如上所述,因此省略具体说明。以上说明的压力检测模块400与基准电位层610、610-1、610-2的层积结构为图2所示的结构,但也可以构成为此处未说明的多种层积结构,这对本领域技术人员来讲是显而易见的。
并且,压力检测模块400的压力电极的结构可以适用图3a至图3d所示的多种实施例,作为压力检测模块400的具体构成,可适用图4a至图4f所示的多种实施例。然而,本发明的触摸输入装置1000不局限于图3a至图3d所示的压力电极的结构或图4a至图4f所示的压力检测模块。
参见图6至图8所述说明是在假设了图9所示显示模块200的形态的基础上进行的,而图10及图11所示实施例的情况下也可以修改或变形图6至图8的层积结构使得触摸输入装置1000起到检测触摸位置与触摸压力的功能,本领域技术人员容易按照以上说明的方式设计。
图12a为本发明一个实施例的触摸输入装置的立体图。图12a所示的触摸输入装置包括具有显示模块200的前面700F、从前面700F向垂直延伸的左侧面700L、右侧面700R、上侧面700U、下侧面700D及背面700B。
图12a所示实施例的触摸输入装置的前面700F具有显示模块200,显示模块200的上部层积触摸感测板100。触摸感测板100如上所述,在触摸输入装置的前面700F受到触摸的情况下感测触摸位置。
另外,触摸输入装置的侧面700L、700R、700U、700D中至少一个包括压力检测模块400以检测用户的触摸压力。
图12b为沿图12a的A-A′切开的剖面图。如图12b所示,触摸感测板100及显示模块200配置于前面部700F,左右侧面700L、700R具有压力检测模块400。
图12b的压力检测模块400可具有图4a至图4f中任意一个形态,但并不局限于此,其可以是能够通过与基准电位层之间的距离变化产生的电容变化检测触摸压力的多种结构。
另外,图12b的实施例中,可在位于左右侧面700L、700R的压力检测模块400上层积侧面罩部件SC。侧面罩部件SC盖住触摸输入装置的外缘,起到保护压力检测模块400且防止异物进入的功能。
不过,用户用手指等按压的情况下电极与基准电位层之间的距离能够发生变化才能够检测压力,因此形成于压力检测模块400上部的侧面罩部件SC优选采用用户用手指按压的情况下能够在预定范围内向内侧弯曲的材料(例:橡胶,硅橡胶(silicone rubber)等)。
图12b示出左侧面700L及右侧面700R均具有压力检测模块400,但只在一个侧面设置压力检测模块400也无妨。根据其他实施例,可以在上下侧面700U、700D中至少一个上设置压力检测模块400。当然,可以根据需要将压力检测模块400形成于触摸输入装置的背面700B。即,本发明的触摸输入装置中压力检测模块400可配置在左右上下侧面700L、700R、700U、700D及背面700B中至少一个侧面。
图13为本发明的又一实施例的触摸输入装置的立体图。参见图13的实施例也和图12a及图12b一样具有配置于侧面的压力检测模块400。
但是图12b的实施例中,压力检测模块400被侧面罩部件SC盖住,而图13的实施例中压力检测模块400上部形成有侧面显示模块293S。
更加具体来讲,图13的触摸输入装置包括形成于前面的前面显示模块293F与形成于侧面的侧面显示模块293S,所述侧面显示模块293S从前面显示模块293F延伸。图13显示侧面显示模块293S从前面显示模块293F垂直延伸,或者与此不同,斜线弯折延伸也无妨。
可在前面显示模块293F的上部设置触摸感测板100,在侧面显示模块293S的下部设置压力检测模块400。其中,压力检测模块400可以是图4a至图4f中任意一个形态,但不限于此,可以采用能够通过与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化检测触摸压力的多种结构。
另外,虽然图13并未明确示出,但还可以包括配置在前面显示模块293F下部的压力检测模块400,并且还可以包括配置在侧面显示模块293S上部的侧面触摸感测板。该情况下,具有在显示的所有面都能够检测触摸位置与触摸压力的效果。
并且,前面显示模块293F与侧面显示模块293S一体构成为一个显示模块(一个构成要素)也无妨,可以采用连接独立的显示模块(另外的构成要素)的方式。本领域技术人员可在考虑显示模块的驱动方式等的基础上选择适当的结构或配置。
图14为显示本发明多种实施例的触摸输入装置的简要示意图。如图14所示,触摸输入装置的前面可包括显示区域710与非显示区域720。
其中,显示区域710为配置显示模块200的区域,非显示区域720是不配置显示模块200的区域。因此,图14的触摸输入装置中只有显示区域710具有显示功能。
虽然从外部看不到(根据情况,能够看到内部),但非显示区域720的内部具有至少一个压力检测模块400。因此,用户用手按压非显示区域720的情况下,能够按以上说明的方式检测触摸压力。
图14所示实施例的触摸输入装置中位于非显示区域720内部的压力检测模块400可以是图4a至图4f中任意一个形态,但不限于此,可以采用能够通过与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化检测触摸压力的多种结构。
另外,可以以多种形态在非显示区域720形成压力检测模块400。例如如图14的(a)所示,可在显示模块200所在的显示区域710的下部形成幅度与显示模块200相同的压力检测模块400,如图14的(b)所示,可以只在预定区域(按键形态的圆圈区域)形成压力检测模块400,如图14的(c),可以相隔形成两个压力检测模块400。
另外,图14的实施例中,用户用手按压非显示区域720的情况下,压力检测模块400的电极与基准电位层之间的距离能够发生变化才能够检测压力,因此可在压力检测模块400的上部层积柔性材料(例:橡胶圈等)的覆盖层。所述覆盖层可以是触摸输入装置的壳体。
可以按照图14的多种实施例构成压力检测模块400并将压力检测模块400用作物理按键,在非显示区域720上印刷预定图案使得能够直观确认用户按压的情况下将运行的应用。当然,应用的运行可基于检测到触摸压力来实现,这可通过以上说明的压力检测方式实现。
以上参见示出构成本发明的触摸输入装置的实施例的图9至图14主要说明了用于显示、检测触摸输入及触摸压力的构成,但各实施例还可以包括作为智能手机等装置工作所需的构成,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。
并且,图9至图14中,压力检测模块有两个以上或分别位于不同位置的情况下可通过一个信道驱动,但也可以通过两个以上的信道分别驱动各压力检测模块。由多个信道构成的情况下,可同时分别控制各压力检测模块,因此能够保障更优越的检测压力。同样,可以通过两个以上的通道控制关于检测位置的触摸感测板或显示模块。本领域技术人员可根据需要自由设计触摸感测板、显示模块及压力检测模块的信道。
例如,构成智能手机等通信装置的情况下,通信模块、控制模块、存储模块等要素可适用现有的形态或方式,必要情况下可根据本发明实施例的构成、配置、大小、形状、动作方式等适当变形或用其他要素代替。
并且,以上以实施例为中心进行了说明,但这些不过是举例说明而已,并非对本发明进行限定。本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员应知晓可以在不超出本实施例本质特性的范围内进行以上未例示的多种变形及应用。例如,实施例中具体出现的各构成要素可变形实施。并且,有关这些变形与应用的差异应视为包含于本发明的范围内。
Claims (15)
1.一种触摸输入装置,包括:
显示模块,其具有平面部及从所述平面部延伸且以预定曲率弯曲的至少一个曲面部;以及
压力检测模块,其形成于所述显示模块的下部,检测施加于所述显示模块的表面的触摸压力,
所述压力检测模块根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述压力检测模块位于所述显示模块的所述平面部与所述曲面部中至少一个的区域的下部。
3.根据权利要求1所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述压力检测模块包括用于检测压力的电极,根据所述电极与所述基准电位层之间的距离随触摸发生变化而产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
4.根据权利要求1所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述显示模块具有OLED板。
5.根据权利要求1所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述基准电位层由柔性材料的基板构成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述曲面部从所述平面部的两侧面中至少一个侧面延伸。
7.一种触摸输入装置,包括:
显示模块,其具有以预定曲率弯曲的曲面形状;以及
压力检测模块,其形成于所述显示模块的下部,检测施加于所述显示模块的表面的触摸压力,
所述压力检测模块根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
8.根据权利要求7所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述压力检测模块包括用于检测压力的电极,根据所述电极与所述基准电位层之间的距离随触摸发生变化而产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力。
9.根据权利要求1所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述显示模块具有OLED板。
10.一种触摸输入装置,能够检测触摸位置与触摸压力,其中,所述触摸输入装置的前面具有:
检测触摸位置的触摸感测板;以及
配置于所述触摸感测板的下部的显示模块,
所述触摸输入装置的上下左右侧面及背面中至少一个上具有根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力的压力检测模块。
11.根据权利要求10所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述压力检测模块位于配置在所述触摸输入装置的侧面的侧面罩部件的下部。
12.根据权利要求10所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述压力检测模块位于配置在所述触摸输入装置的侧面的侧面显示模块的下部。
13.根据权利要求12所述的触摸输入装置,还包括:
侧面触摸感测板,其位于所述侧面显示模块的上部,在侧面检测触摸位置。
14.一种触摸输入装置,能够检测触摸位置与触摸压力且前面划分为显示区域与非显示区域,其中,
所述显示区域包括:
检测触摸位置的触摸感测板;以及
配置于所述触摸感测板的下部的显示模块,
所述非显示区域包括:
根据与基准电位层的距离变化产生的电容变化量检测触摸压力的至少一个压力检测模块。
15.根据权利要求14所述的触摸输入装置,其中,
所述至少一个压力检测模块被柔性材料的覆盖层盖住。
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WO2016204423A1 (ko) | 2016-12-22 |
KR20160149030A (ko) | 2016-12-27 |
CN107667335B (zh) | 2021-03-09 |
JP2018510431A (ja) | 2018-04-12 |
EP3312705A1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
KR101719208B1 (ko) | 2017-03-23 |
US10983646B2 (en) | 2021-04-20 |
JP6496421B2 (ja) | 2019-04-03 |
EP3312705A4 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
US20180150153A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
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