CN107624554A - A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry - Google Patents

A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107624554A
CN107624554A CN201711049939.7A CN201711049939A CN107624554A CN 107624554 A CN107624554 A CN 107624554A CN 201711049939 A CN201711049939 A CN 201711049939A CN 107624554 A CN107624554 A CN 107624554A
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Prior art keywords
strawberry
clover
ridge
planted
cordate houttuynia
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CN201711049939.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘怡玲
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Bobai County Toyama Fruit Planting Cooperatives
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Bobai County Toyama Fruit Planting Cooperatives
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Priority to CN201711049939.7A priority Critical patent/CN107624554A/en
Publication of CN107624554A publication Critical patent/CN107624554A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry, it is related to application technical field.The implantation methods include building greenhouse, ditching, ridging, interplanting, rich water quality management, supplement organic fertilizer, crop rotation;Wherein, interplanting is that strawberry, cordate houttuynia and clover are planted on ridge, and leek is planted in ditch, and strawberry is individually planted on same ridge, and cordate houttuynia and clover mixed planting plant the ridge of strawberry between plantation cordate houttuynia and the ridge of clover on same ridge;Crop rotation is that after planting 23 years, cordate houttuynia and clover are planted on the ridge of the original seed grass planting certain kind of berries, is planted in original seed and plants strawberry on the ridge of cordate houttuynia and clover;Supplement organic fertilizer is to bloom the phase of bearing fruit and fruit expanding period increases the special organic fertilizer containing salicylic acid and polyamines to strawberry, and sets carbon dioxide gas generator in greenhouse surrounding.Implantation methods yield of the present invention is high, and pest and disease damage occurs less, and the Strawberry ripening time is early, can shift to an earlier date 8 10 days and list, better than traditional cultivation method, high financial profit.

Description

A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to application technical field, and in particular to a kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry.
【Background technology】
Strawberry is herbaceos perennial, high 10-40 centimetres, and stem is close by development yellow pubescence less than leaf or near equal.Leaf Three go out, leaflet tool short handle, quality is thicker, obovate or rhombus, above bottle green, it is several hairless, below light white green, thinly covered hair, Along the pulse it is closeer;Petiole is close by development yellow pubescence.Cyme, the leaflet of the short handle of mask one under inflorescence;Flower both sexes;Sepal ovum Shape is slightly longer than calycule piece;Petal white, subcircular or the ellipse of falling ovum.Aggregate fruit is big, and it is upright to harbor sepal, is close to fruit; Achene point is avette, smooth.Strawberry taste is sour-sweet, and fragrance is unique, deep to be liked by masses.
Strawberry large-scale planting has tended to be ripe, but strawberry is disease fruit occurred frequently, and common pest and disease damage is:Gray mold, Powdery mildew, zonate spot, leaf spot, aphid, red spider and fleahopper silk worm etc., harm can seriously cause yield reduction, quality decline, be Raising yield and quality, to occur pest and disease damage in plantation can be prevented and treated using substantial amounts of chemical pesticide often, but with life The raising of bioplasm amount, the food-safe demand of people also gradually rise, and a large amount of use of chemical pesticide threatens food security, Public demand can not be met.In addition, in order to obtain higher economic benefit, it is necessary to which strawberry is listed in advance, therefore make strawberry early Ripe and high yield is significant.
【The content of the invention】
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the invention provides a kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry, this method can not only reduce strawberry Pest and disease damage occurs, and improves yield, moreover it is possible to strawberry is shifted to an earlier date 8-10 days and lists, improves economic benefit.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry, comprises the following steps:
(1) greenhouse is built:Greenhouse is built on crop field, the greenhouse includes some arch support framves and is fixed on ground Support column, the both ends of the every support frame are fixedly connected by fastener with the top of the support column respectively, described One layer of light transmission film is covered on support frame, the scaffolding surrounding is additionally provided with more than 2 convection current wickets;
(2) ditching, ridging:Soil in greenhouse is turned over, shines soil, thin, leveling is harrowed after basal dressing, and in the Northern and Southern Dynasties To ditching, ridging, high 30-50cm, wide 50-80cm ridge are formed, the both sides on the ridge are respectively formed wide 15-25cm, deep 5-10cm Ditch;
(3) interplanting of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:Strawberry, cordate houttuynia and clover are planted on the ridge, Leek is planted in the ditch, the strawberry is individually planted on same ridge, and cordate houttuynia and the clover mixed planting is same On one ridge, and the ridge of strawberry is planted between plantation cordate houttuynia and the ridge of clover;
(4) rich water quality management:Irrigated and applied fertilizer according to the rich water demand of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek;
(5) organic fertilizer is supplemented:Bloom the phase of bearing fruit and fruit expanding period to increase 150-200kg/ mus to strawberry respectively special Organic fertilizer once, and sets carbon dioxide gas generator in greenhouse surrounding, allows the carbon dioxide gas generator to be transported daily Row 5-10h, the special organic fertilizer preparation method are:By crop material 100-150 parts, excrement 60-80 parts, rapeseed meal 20-30 parts, Plant ash 30-40 parts and the mixing of animals urine 40-60 parts, pile fermentation, cover film and ferment 15-20 days, fermentation material is obtained, by the hair Ferment material is mixed evenly with salicylic acid 10-15 parts and polyamines 5-10 parts, produces;
(6) crop rotation of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:After planting 2-3, planted on the ridge of the original seed grass planting certain kind of berries Cordate houttuynia and clover, planted in original seed and plant strawberry on the ridge of cordate houttuynia and clover.
Further, the planting patterns of the cordate houttuynia and clover is:Cordate houttuynia and clover are planted in the 4-5 months, and three Leaf grass is around the surrounding for being planted in cordate houttuynia, and clover plantation width is 10-15cm.
Further, the planting patterns of the leek is:Leek is planted in the 3-4 months, plantation 3-4 row leek in each ditch, And leek line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 5-6cm.
Further, the strawberry cultivating mode is:Start when clover, cordate houttuynia and leek are in vigorous period Strawberry is planted, plants the two Lysimachia sikokiana certain kind of berries on each ridge, and strawberry line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 15-20cm.
Further, the leek grows to during 10-15cm and can gathered in together, supplements liquid manure after harvesting at once.
Further, harvesting uses as green manure after the clover bears fruit yearly, and supplements liquid manure after harvesting at once.
Further, the cordate houttuynia takes complete stool after strawberry harvest home, and Second Year continues to plant.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
1. the present invention makes strawberry, fish raw meat by the way that strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek are carried out into rationally interplanting and crop rotation Promoting mutually between grass, clover and leek, the root exudates of cordate houttuynia and leek has antagonism to strawberry pathogenic bacteria, Can reduce Diseases of Strawberry, and clover can not only improve soil physical chemistry structure, increase soil fertility, moreover it is possible to attract aphid and The pest natural enemies such as moth class, and then reduce strawberry insect pest and occur, avoid a large amount of uses of chemical pesticide in planting process;Meanwhile Soil toxicity can be alleviated by interplanting laggard road wheel kind, overcome strawberry continuous cropping obstacle, improve yield.
2. the present invention sets carbon dioxide gas generator in the phase of bearing fruit and the fruit expanding period of blooming, in greenhouse surrounding, and Special organic fertilizer is increased, carbon dioxide can promote photosynthesis, improve the accumulation of the middle organic matter and sugar of strawberry, accelerate fruit Development and maturation, and the salicylic acid in special organic fertilizer can promote it is indefinite formed very much, polyamines can promote the growth and development of root, Promote strawberry root development, improve root absorption nutrient ability, promote Nutrient Absorption, and then make the strawberry speed of growth fast, fruit Maturation acceleration, list within 8-10 days more early than conventional method.
【Embodiment】
The embodiment of the present invention is described further with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) greenhouse is built:Greenhouse is built on crop field, the greenhouse includes some arch support framves and is fixed on ground Support column, the both ends of the every support frame are fixedly connected by fastener with the top of the support column respectively, described One layer of light transmission film is covered on support frame, the scaffolding surrounding is additionally provided with 4 convection current wickets.
(2) ditching, ridging:Soil in greenhouse is turned over, shines soil, thin, leveling is harrowed after basal dressing, and in the Northern and Southern Dynasties To ditching, ridging, high 30cm, wide 50cm ridge are formed, the both sides on the ridge are respectively formed wide 15cm, deep 5cm ditch.
(3) interplanting of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:Strawberry, cordate houttuynia and clover are planted on the ridge, Leek is planted in the ditch, the strawberry is individually planted on same ridge, and cordate houttuynia and the clover mixed planting is same On one ridge, and the ridge of strawberry is planted between plantation cordate houttuynia and the ridge of clover;Wherein, the cordate houttuynia and clover Planting patterns is:Cordate houttuynia and clover are planted April, and clover surrounds the surrounding for being planted in cordate houttuynia, and clover is planted Width is 10cm, and the cordate houttuynia takes complete stool after strawberry harvest home, and Second Year continues to plant, and the clover is tied every year Harvesting uses as green manure after reality, supplements liquid manure after harvesting at once;The planting patterns of the leek is:Leek is planted March, often 3 row leek of plantation in one ditch, and leek line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 5cm, the leek, which is grown to during 10cm, to gather in together, after harvesting Liquid manure is supplemented at once;The strawberry cultivating mode is:Start to plant when clover, cordate houttuynia and leek are in vigorous period Strawberry, the two Lysimachia sikokiana certain kind of berries are planted on each ridge, and strawberry line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 15cm.
(4) rich water quality management:Irrigated and applied fertilizer according to the rich water demand of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek.
(5) organic fertilizer is supplemented:Bloom the phase of bearing fruit and fruit expanding period to increase 150kg/ mus to strawberry respectively special organic Fertilizer once, and sets carbon dioxide gas generator in greenhouse surrounding, allows the carbon dioxide gas generator to run 5h daily, The special organic fertilizer preparation method is:By 100 parts of crop material, 60 parts of excrement, 20 parts of rapeseed meal, 30 parts of plant ash and animal urine 40 parts of mixing of liquid, pile fermentation, cover film and ferment 15 days, obtain fermentation material, and the fermentation material and 5 parts of 10 parts of salicylic acid and polyamines is mixed Conjunction stirs, and produces.
(6) crop rotation of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:After plantation 2 years, fish is planted on the ridge of the original seed grass planting certain kind of berries Raw meat grass and clover, planted in original seed and plant strawberry on the ridge of cordate houttuynia and clover.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) greenhouse is built:Greenhouse is built on crop field, the greenhouse includes some arch support framves and is fixed on ground Support column, the both ends of the every support frame are fixedly connected by fastener with the top of the support column respectively, described One layer of light transmission film is covered on support frame, the scaffolding surrounding is additionally provided with 2 convection current wickets.
(2) ditching, ridging:Soil in greenhouse is turned over, shines soil, thin, leveling is harrowed after basal dressing, and in the Northern and Southern Dynasties To ditching, ridging, high 50cm, wide 80cm ridge are formed, the both sides on the ridge are respectively formed wide 25cm, deep 10cm ditch.
(3) interplanting of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:Strawberry, cordate houttuynia and clover are planted on the ridge, Leek is planted in the ditch, the strawberry is individually planted on same ridge, and cordate houttuynia and the clover mixed planting is same On one ridge, and the ridge of strawberry is planted between plantation cordate houttuynia and the ridge of clover;Wherein, the cordate houttuynia and clover Planting patterns is:Cordate houttuynia and clover are planted May, and clover surrounds the surrounding for being planted in cordate houttuynia, and clover is planted Width is 15cm, and the cordate houttuynia takes complete stool after strawberry harvest home, and Second Year continues to plant, and the clover is tied every year Harvesting uses as green manure after reality, supplements liquid manure after harvesting at once;The planting patterns of the leek is:Leek is planted April, often 4 row leek of plantation in one ditch, and leek line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 6cm, the leek, which is grown to during 15cm, to gather in together, after harvesting Liquid manure is supplemented at once;The strawberry cultivating mode is:Start to plant when clover, cordate houttuynia and leek are in vigorous period Strawberry, the two Lysimachia sikokiana certain kind of berries are planted on each ridge, and strawberry line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 20cm.
(4) rich water quality management:Irrigated and applied fertilizer according to the rich water demand of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek.
(5) organic fertilizer is supplemented:Bloom the phase of bearing fruit and fruit expanding period to increase 200kg/ mus to strawberry respectively special organic Fertilizer once, and sets carbon dioxide gas generator in greenhouse surrounding, allows the carbon dioxide gas generator to run daily 10h, the special organic fertilizer preparation method are:By 150 parts of crop material, 80 parts of excrement, 30 parts of rapeseed meal, 40 parts of plant ash and move The 60 parts of mixing of thing urine, pile fermentation, cover film and ferment 20 days, fermentation material is obtained, by the fermentation material and 15 parts of salicylic acid and polyamines 10 parts are mixed evenly, and produce.
(6) crop rotation of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:After plantation 3 years, fish is planted on the ridge of the original seed grass planting certain kind of berries Raw meat grass and clover, planted in original seed and plant strawberry on the ridge of cordate houttuynia and clover.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) greenhouse is built:Greenhouse is built on crop field, the greenhouse includes some arch support framves and is fixed on ground Support column, the both ends of the every support frame are fixedly connected by fastener with the top of the support column respectively, described One layer of light transmission film is covered on support frame, the scaffolding surrounding is additionally provided with 6 convection current wickets.
(2) ditching, ridging:Soil in greenhouse is turned over, shines soil, thin, leveling is harrowed after basal dressing, and in the Northern and Southern Dynasties To ditching, ridging, high 40cm, wide 70cm ridge are formed, the both sides on the ridge are respectively formed wide 20cm, deep 8cm ditch.
(3) interplanting of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:Strawberry, cordate houttuynia and clover are planted on the ridge, Leek is planted in the ditch, the strawberry is individually planted on same ridge, and cordate houttuynia and the clover mixed planting is same On one ridge, and the ridge of strawberry is planted between plantation cordate houttuynia and the ridge of clover;Wherein, the cordate houttuynia and clover Planting patterns is:Cordate houttuynia and clover are planted May, and clover surrounds the surrounding for being planted in cordate houttuynia, and clover is planted Width is 14cm, and the cordate houttuynia takes complete stool after strawberry harvest home, and Second Year continues to plant, and the clover is tied every year Harvesting uses as green manure after reality, supplements liquid manure after harvesting at once;The planting patterns of the leek is:Leek is planted April, often 4 row leek of plantation in one ditch, and leek line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 5.5cm, the leek, which is grown to during 13cm, to gather in together, harvesting Supplement liquid manure at once afterwards;The strawberry cultivating mode is:Start to plant when clover, cordate houttuynia and leek are in vigorous period The grass planting certain kind of berries, the two Lysimachia sikokiana certain kind of berries are planted on each ridge, and strawberry line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 16cm.
(4) rich water quality management:Irrigated and applied fertilizer according to the rich water demand of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek.
(5) organic fertilizer is supplemented:Bloom the phase of bearing fruit and fruit expanding period to increase 180kg/ mus to strawberry respectively special organic Fertilizer once, and sets carbon dioxide gas generator in greenhouse surrounding, allows the carbon dioxide gas generator to run 7h daily, The special organic fertilizer preparation method is:By 130 parts of crop material, 70 parts of excrement, 25 parts of rapeseed meal, 35 parts of plant ash and animal urine 50 parts of mixing of liquid, pile fermentation, cover film and ferment 18 days, obtain fermentation material, and the fermentation material and 8 parts of 13 parts of salicylic acid and polyamines is mixed Conjunction stirs, and produces.
(6) crop rotation of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:After plantation 3 years, fish is planted on the ridge of the original seed grass planting certain kind of berries Raw meat grass and clover, planted in original seed and plant strawberry on the ridge of cordate houttuynia and clover.
Contrast test:
Experiment is divided into group 1, group 2, group 3, control group 1, control group 2, and group 1, group 2, group 3 are respectively using embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and the method for embodiment 3 plantation strawberry;Control group 1 with conventional method plant strawberry, i.e., without interplanting and crop rotation, other steps with Embodiment 3 is identical;Control group 2 does not install carbon-dioxide generator in greenhouse, replaces special having with the commercially available organic fertilizer of equivalent Machine fertilizer uses, and other steps are same as Example 3.Other conditions and management are consistent, count yield and pest and disease damage situation, knot Fruit is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
As known from Table 1:Implantation methods yield of the present invention is high, and pest and disease damage occurs less, and the Strawberry ripening time is early, can shift to an earlier date 8-10 Its listing, better than traditional cultivation method, high financial profit.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
(1) greenhouse is built:Greenhouse is built on crop field, the greenhouse includes some arch support framves and is fixed on the branch on ground Dagger, the both ends of the every support frame are fixedly connected by fastener with the top of the support column respectively, the support One layer of light transmission film is covered on frame, the scaffolding surrounding is additionally provided with more than 2 convection current wickets;
(2) ditching, ridging:Soil in greenhouse is turned over, shines soil, thin, leveling is harrowed after basal dressing, and open in south-north direction Ditch ridging, forms high 30-50cm, wide 50-80cm ridge, and the both sides on the ridge are respectively formed wide 15-25cm, deep 5-10cm ditch;
(3) interplanting of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:Strawberry, cordate houttuynia and clover are planted on the ridge, in institute State and leek is planted in ditch, the strawberry is individually planted on same ridge, and cordate houttuynia and the clover mixed planting is on same ridge On, and the ridge of strawberry is planted between plantation cordate houttuynia and the ridge of clover;
(4) rich water quality management:Irrigated and applied fertilizer according to the rich water demand of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek;
(5) organic fertilizer is supplemented:Bloom the phase of bearing fruit and fruit expanding period to increase 150-200kg/ mus to strawberry respectively special organic Fertilizer once, and sets carbon dioxide gas generator in greenhouse surrounding, allows the carbon dioxide gas generator to run 5- daily 10h, the special organic fertilizer preparation method are:By crop material 100-150 parts, excrement 60-80 parts, rapeseed meal 20-30 parts, vegetation Grey 30-40 parts and the mixing of animals urine 40-60 parts, pile fermentation, cover film and ferment 15-20 days, fermentation material is obtained, by the fermentation material It is mixed evenly, produces with salicylic acid 10-15 parts and polyamines 5-10 parts;
(6) crop rotation of strawberry, cordate houttuynia, clover and leek:After planting 2-3, fish raw meat is planted on the ridge of the original seed grass planting certain kind of berries Grass and clover, planted in original seed and plant strawberry on the ridge of cordate houttuynia and clover.
A kind of 2. high-yield planting method of strawberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The cordate houttuynia and clover Planting patterns be:Cordate houttuynia and clover are planted in the 4-5 months, and clover surrounds the surrounding for being planted in cordate houttuynia, and clover Plantation width is 10-15cm.
A kind of 3. high-yield planting method of strawberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The planting patterns of the leek For:Leek is planted in the 3-4 months, plantation 3-4 row leek in each ditch, and leek line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 5-6cm.
A kind of 4. high-yield planting method of strawberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The strawberry cultivating mode For:Start to plant strawberry when clover, cordate houttuynia and leek are in vigorous period, the two Lysimachia sikokiana certain kind of berries are planted on each ridge, and Strawberry line-spacing and spacing in the rows are 15-20cm.
A kind of 5. high-yield planting method of strawberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The leek is grown to 10- It can together be gathered in during 15cm, supplement liquid manure after harvesting at once.
A kind of 6. high-yield planting method of strawberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The clover bears fruit yearly Harvesting uses as green manure afterwards, supplements liquid manure after harvesting at once.
A kind of 7. high-yield planting method of strawberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The cordate houttuynia is received in strawberry Take complete stool after obtaining end, Second Year continues to plant.
CN201711049939.7A 2017-10-31 2017-10-31 A kind of high-yield planting method of strawberry Pending CN107624554A (en)

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