CN107624389A

CN107624389A - A kind of salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method

Info

Publication number: CN107624389A
Application number: CN201710753062.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李冠涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-08-29
Filing date: 2017-08-29
Publication date: 2018-01-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method, tetraploid purple asparagus sugar content is high, crude fiber content is few, and growth potential is strong, yield potentiality is high, and color and luster is good, quality is excellent, and mouthfeel is good, disease resistance is strong, and the cultural method of tetraploid purple asparagus comprises the following steps：First, soil treatment：2nd, nursery：3rd, purple asparagus seedling management：4th, field planting ditch is opened；5th, Miao Xuanmiao, field planting transplanting are dug：6th, purple asparagus field management：7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；8th, harvest.The present invention had both realized the improvement in salt-soda soil, the contradiction that dish grain strives ground can be alleviated again, the tetraploid purple asparagus of plantation is loose, succulence, micro- sweet tea, quality are delicate, fiber content is few, excellent quality, eats excellent taste raw, disease resistance is strong, has the advantages that planting survival rates height, stable yield, cost-effective.

Description

A kind of salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method

Technical field

The present invention relates to planting asparagus technical field, specifically a kind of salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method.

Background technology

Purple asparagus is that U.S.'s fruit type sweet tea purple asparagus is a kind of very rare vegetables, and it is a kind of unique reed that can be eaten it raw Bamboo shoot class vegetables, preferred anti-cancer, anticancer food, it is in great demand in the European countries such as American and Britain, method, Italy and Japan, Southeast Asia, it is long Phase eats asparagus energy invigorate blood circulation, human-body fatigue disease is overcome, to hypertension, heart disease, hepatitis, hepatic sclerosis, ephritis, oedema, wing Guang inflammation has auxiliary therapeutic action.

Long-term consumption U.S. fruit type sweet tea asparagus can be helped digest, whet the appetite, and improve body immunity, reduce nuisance The infringement of matter, suppress the generation of cancer cell, there is good cancer-resisting effect area.

Tetraploid purple asparagus kind plant strain growth gesture is strong, and yield potentiality is high, tender stem pansy, loose, succulence, micro- sweet tea, Quality is delicate, and fiber content is few, is less prone to hollow phenomenon, excellent quality, eats excellent taste raw, and disease resistance is strong, has more times The characteristic trait of body kind, parental source is clear and definite, and central genetic character is stable, and form, feature are consistent, after being selfed with continuous multi-generation The excellent female plant of U.S.'s purple asparagus kind that scale is close in generation, resistance, fecundity are good is female parent, with yield height, disease resistance By force, the excellent staminiferous plant of the good New Zealand's purple asparagus kind of bamboo shoot shape is male parent, is cultivated through sexual hybridization and forms clone purple four Times body asparagus, its maternal and male parent are all clone's seedling of vegetative propagation, avoid making offspring that trait segregation occur because of genetic recombination, It ensure that cenospecies genetic constitution is stable, varietal character neat and consistent.

There is substantial amounts of salt-soda soil in China, using asparagus there is the characteristics of stronger salt tolerance to carry out salt-soda soil asparagus cultivation, both The improvement in salt-soda soil can be realized, the contradiction that dish grain strives ground can be alleviated again.In general, plant culture on salt-soda soil, use are light The modes such as hydraulic pressure salt, covering with ground sheeting, salt-enduring cultivars application can make halophytes normal growth, but this routine techniques is applied to On asparagus, it is only suitable for cultivating on slight alkaline land below 0.3% in salt content, and is transported by level of ground water, seasonal water salt It is dynamic to wait many factors to influence, occur after field planting that rice shoot survival rate is low, the phenomenon on the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling often, cause that input is big, benefit is low.

Chinese patent CN201410107300.X discloses a kind of beach saline land asparagus cultivation method, belongs to plant culture Field, specific method are：From Apollo Personnel investigation Program ", the strong asparagus kind of salt tolerance such as " champion ", it is saline and alkaline with salt content 0.1%-0.2% Soil carries out feeding block seedlings raising for matrix, in early August, and after planting furrow face covering wheat straw prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；Second Year late April determines Plant, carry out within 15-20 days before field planting fresh water pressure salt, and by the trench digging field planting of 1-1.2m line-spacings, spacing in the rows 25cm, deep-cut shallow embedding, collect in ditch Drench with rain salt；Covering mulch film after field planting between ridge prevents anti-salt.Female stem is stayed to harvest, female stem 1.5m toppings lodging-prevention, this method both solved Be short of seedling after being colonized in traditional planting technology disconnected ridge, the problem of survival rate is low, realize the stable high yield of asparagus again, but its " Ah POLO ", " champion " are white, green kind, and the cultural method is not appropriate for the plantation of tetraploid purple asparagus, and the nutrition of asparagus with Color is black, purple, green, red, yellow, white from depth to shallow rule order, therefore the nutrition of purple asparagus is higher than Green asparagus and white asparagus.

The content of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is above-mentioned in order to overcome the shortcomings of, there is provided a kind of planting survival rates are high, yield Stable, cost-effective salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：

A kind of salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method, tetraploid purple asparagus sugar content is high, crude fiber content is few, growth potential By force, yield potentiality is high, and color and luster is good, quality is excellent, and mouthfeel is good, and disease resistance is strong, and the cultural method of tetraploid purple asparagus includes following step Suddenly：

First, soil treatment：1）Hidden pipe row's alkali, 2）Soil Desalting, 3）Plough deeply deep ploughing, level land；

2nd, nursery：1）Seedling raise period, 2）Preparation before nursery, 3）Purple asparagus kind method for culturing seedlings；

3rd, purple asparagus seedling management：1）Temperature, moisture management, 2）Top dressing weeding；

4th, field planting ditch is opened；

5th, Miao Xuanmiao, field planting transplanting are dug：1）Dig seedling to be classified, 2）Field planting；

6th, purple asparagus field management：1）Transplanting purple asparagus management then, 2）Adult purple asparagus management, 3）The rational application of fertilizer, 4）Moisture Management, 5）Tillage and weeding；

7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；

8th, harvest.

It is further optimization of the present invention to such scheme below：

In step 1,1）Hidden pipe arranges alkali：It is mutual using 2 grades of drainpipe and collector pipe that PVC in plantation asparagus field in advance is oozed into pipe It is vertically formed at quadrature network pattern or the chevron shaped network mode embedment 1.2~1.5m of underground of oblique, collector pipe is surrounded by Glass fibre or the engineering sand or clinker, flyash for filling 10~20cm.

Further optimization：In step 2,1）Seedling raise period：The spring purple asparagus of field planting is suitable for nursery in July before year, autumn The purple asparagus of field planting is suitable for late April-the first tenday period of a month in May nursery；

2）Preparation before nursery：

Basked seeds, presoaking and germinating, basked seeds 2-3 days, with clear diafiltration seed, remove blighted grain and impurity, with 50 DEG C of Soaking in hot water, by purple When asparagus seeds are put in 50 DEG C of hot water, stirred in time with club, when cooling to 30 DEG C of warm water, bubble kind 2-3 days, rinse change water daily 2-3 times；

After the abundant water swelling of seed, purple asparagus seed is filtered out, is wrapped and is put in basin with wet cloth, then covers wet cloth again, Moisturizing vernalization at 25 DEG C -28 DEG C of condition is placed in, is rinsed 2-3 times with clear water daily；

When the ﹪ of seed 20 shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, you can seeding and seedling raising.

Further optimization：In step 2,3）Purple asparagus kind method for culturing seedlings includes feeding block seedlings raising, Cold frame, open air rearing Three kinds of methods of seedling；

Feeding block seedlings raising：From 10-12 centimetres, high 10 cm plastic nutrition bowl, 1 mu of purple asparagus needs 2000 or so, The wide 1.2-1.5 rice in seedbed, long 15-18 rice, being colonized one mu of purple asparagus needs 17 square metres or so of seedbed；

Nutrition Soil is formulated from asparagus fertile soil Barren and abundant decomposed good organic fertilizer was not planted, soil and organic fertilizer ratio （Volume ratio）For 3:1, soil and organic fertilizer are mixed and smashed, is then sieved, sieving is adjusted one time again, is then charged into nutritive cube, and fit It is real when squatting, put on seedbed；

Nutritive cube is poured into vola water before sowing, during sowing, the aperture that a depth is 1.5-2 centimetres, general are made a call among nutritive cube Simple grain purple asparagus kind is sown into aperture, covers Nutrition Soil immediately, and sowing terminates, and builds Small plastic shed, and high 50-80 centimetres is advisable.

Further optimization：In step 3,1）Temperature, moisture management：24 DEG C -26 DEG C of nursery temperature daytime, 16 DEG C -18 of night DEG C it is advisable, not more than 30 DEG C, cooling of leaking informaton in time during more than 30 DEG C, sprayed a water every 5-6 days, keep relatively warm Degree；

2）Top dressing weeding：Seedling is all sprouted 20 days and imposes first time fertilizer, and diluting 50 times of liquid from high-quality water battalion fertilizer is sprayed, and When remove weeds, the plastic paper removed before field planting before 15 days on Small plastic shed carries out hardening, strengthens purple asparagus resistance, is easy to transplant After survive.

Further optimization：In step 4, purple asparagus field planting ditch direction should be advisable with ground, and generally north-south, East and West direction are It is more, dig 50-60 centimetres wide, deep 60-70 centimetres field planting ditch along straight line.

Further optimization：In step 5,1）Dig seedling classification：Digging purple asparagus before seedling waters seedbed digs when not doing not wet Seedling, it is classified in Wa Miao, one-level is seedlings, and two level is seedling, and three-level is weak seedling and pest and disease damage seedling；

2）Field planting：First drawn a straight line in field planting ditch, planting pit, 28 centimetres of planting pit spacing, one dug out are dug along straight line Level bamboo shoot seedling, which mixes chlorine worm Diacloden with smart first fludioxonil in advance and converts 500 times of liquid, covers root with mat, diseases prevention insect prevention, presses purple asparagus during field planting The direction rule field planting of germination, field planting ditch north-south, by primary shoot, i.e., a thinner rhizome is planted in north, field planting ditch east Primary shoot is planted in north side or west side, oriented unanimously, is watered in time after field planting to ground in west.

Further optimization：In step 6,1）Purple asparagus management is transplanted then：Seedling is looked into after field planting in time to fill the gaps with seedlings, every 10 days A water is poured, a tillage and weeding was carried out every 20 days or so, chases after disposable fertilizer, imposes decomposed good biological organic fertilizer or corruption every time 60-80 kilograms of phytic acid organic fertilizer, applying fertilizer 15 centimetres away from purple asparagus seedling is advisable, and grows into 80-100 centimetres high topping pinching；

2）Adult purple asparagus management：Clear garden, the aerial stem of plant is removed by eradicating in time after early spring fresh jelly, top dressing, which imposes decomposed quite thing, to be had 80-100 kilograms of machine fertilizer and humic acid organic fertilizer, native 40-50 kilograms of Barren conditioners；Female stem is stayed, purple asparagus is stayed in late April then Female stem；

3）The rational application of fertilizer：Behind clear garden, fertilizer three times is chased after after staying female stem, around the beginning of autumn, impose every time decomposed quite organic fertilizer or 80-100 kilograms of humic acid organic fertilizer, 40-60 kilograms of potassium sulphate fertilizer, water battalion fertilizer is applied with reference to each watering punching；

4）Water management：Per a water is poured within 7-10 days during adopting bamboo shoot, water and pour a line after a line, be easy to adopt bamboo shoot, 1 year necessary Pour three times it is permeable, when staying female stem for the first time, second of autumn runs into arid when prosperous long, before third time is freeze-up；

5）Tillage and weeding：Intertillage in every 20 days or so is once.

Further optimization：In step 7, purple asparagus stem wilt, with reference to tillage and weeding, cut off overstocked branches and leaves do well drought resisting row Flood, increase potash fertilizer；

Medical treatment, Fang Yi：The 50% pair of lucky victory pungent 300 times of liquid of 500 times of maneb of liquid+70%；Side two：50% 500 times of prestige king liquid+70% The pungent 300 times of liquid of maneb, optionally first, with liking seedling（Benzene first propiconazole）It is used alternatingly, once chance rain was beaten every 7 days and is beaten again directly Only at the beginning of 10 months by the end of September.

Further optimization：In step 8, purple asparagus 20-30 centimetres of length of harvesting, adopt daily twice, before at 9 points in the morning, afternoon After 3 points, collecting method, which neatly cuts off the cm of toothing 2 with pocket knife, to be advisable.

The present invention using purple asparagus there is the characteristics of stronger salt tolerance to carry out salt-soda soil asparagus cultivation, both realize salt-soda soil Improvement, the contradiction that dish grain strives ground can be alleviated again, the tetraploid purple asparagus of plantation is loose, and succulence, micro- sweet tea, quality are delicate, fine Dimension hplc is few, excellent quality, eats excellent taste raw, and disease resistance is strong, has planting survival rates height, stable yield, cost-effective etc. Advantage.

With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment

Embodiment, a kind of salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method, tetraploid purple asparagus sugar content is high, crude fiber content Few, growth potential is strong, and yield potentiality is high, and color and luster is good, quality is excellent, and mouthfeel is good, and disease resistance is strong, the cultural method bag of tetraploid purple asparagus Include following steps：

First, soil treatment

1st, hidden pipe row alkali, PVC in plantation asparagus field in advance is oozed into pipe and is mutually perpendicular to form just with 2 grades of collector pipe using drainpipe Hand at network mode or the chevron shaped network mode embedment 1.2~1.5m of underground of oblique, saline-alkali water and Underground Salt under ground is oozed Buck cuts and guides to hidden pipe, reduces the salinity of soil；

Collector pipe is surrounded by glass fibre, can also fill 10~20cm engineering sand or clinker, flyash, prevent silt from entering Enter hidden pipe, increase effectively water inlet area.

Ease of solubility excessive in soil is harmful to salt elution and fallen, flowed away, poured water point by gutter by the 2nd, Soil Desalting, fresh water flush Cloth is uniform, and current are unsuitable too fast, too slow, first fills away from channel is near, the furrow remote away from gutter.

3rd, plough deeply deep ploughing, level land, there is one layer of " alkali interlayer " for hindering saline and alkaline lower leaching under applying organic manure topsoil, it is impermeable Water, it is not easy to press alkali, ploughs deeply before planting, 1~1.5m ditch is dug from one side of ground piece, clay layer deeper is just deep-cut, 35cm should be exceeded by rolling up the silt soil thickness come, then fallen the method for ditch with ditch and turned over, the applying organic manure in salinized soil is improved, make salt The hardened soil of alkali becomes that big loose, porosity, good permeability, capacity are low, and the moisture of soil, physical property are improved.

2nd, nursery

1st, the purple asparagus of spring field planting is suitable for nursery in July before year, and the autumn purple asparagus of field planting is suitable for late April-and the first tenday period of a month in May educate Seedling.

Outdoor nursery in July before the year, front and rear field planting transplanting, turns over year with regard to profitable, saving of labor, province the Ching Ming Festival coming year Money, easily management.

2nd, preparation before nursery

（1）Basked seeds, presoaking and germinating, basked seeds 2-3 days, with clear diafiltration seed, remove blighted grain and impurity, with 50 DEG C of Soaking in hot water, When purple asparagus seed is put in into 50 DEG C of hot water, stirred with club, when cooling to 30 DEG C of warm water, bubble kind 2-3 days, rinsed daily in time Change water 2-3 times；

（2）After the abundant water swelling of seed, purple asparagus seed is filtered out, is wrapped and is put in basin with wet cloth, then covered again wet Cloth, moisturizing vernalization at 25 DEG C -28 DEG C of condition is placed in, is rinsed 2-3 times with clear water daily；

（3）When the ﹪ of seed 20 shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, you can seeding and seedling raising.

3rd, purple asparagus kind method for culturing seedlings

（1）Feeding block seedlings raising

From 10-12 centimetres, high 10 cm plastic nutrition bowl, 1 mu of purple asparagus needs 2000 or so, the wide 1.2- in seedbed 1.5 meters, long 15-18 rice, being colonized one mu of purple asparagus needs 17 square metres or so of seedbed；

（2）Cold frame

After choosing nursery, every square metre is spread fertilizer over the fields 0.5 kilogram of abundant decomposed quite organic fertilizer or humic acid organic fertilizer, is spread fertilizer over the fields 0.2 kilogram of native Barren conditioner, ploughs deeply 25 cms, should not be too deep, and too dark purple asparagus takes root depth, prevents lifting to be completely cured；

Furrow grow 20 meters, and wide 1.2-1.5 rice, furrow obstruct high 20 centimetres, furrow face of raking, and each 10 centimetres of vola water line-spacing are poured, on cold bed Grid is marked in face, and single seed purple asparagus seed is placed on into grid center, covers sieving fine earth, 1.5-2 centimetres of thickness kid immediately Epiphragma.

（3）Outdoor nursery

Furrow grow 20 meters, and wide 1.2-1.5 rice, furrow obstruct high 20 centimetres, furrow face of raking, and each 10 centimetres of vola water line-spacing are poured, on cold bed Grid is marked in face, and single seed purple asparagus seed is placed on into grid center, covers sieving fine earth, 1.5-2 centimetres of thickness, and diligent water spray is protected Hold temperature.

Above-mentioned three kinds of method for culturing seedlings are after sowing finishes blinding, with smart first fludioxonil（That is the bright shield of Syngenta Co., Ltd's production） With chlorine worm to fill in worm piperazine（That is the Fu Ge of Syngenta Co., Ltd's production）8 grams are watered 15 kilograms of sprinkling furrow faces, insect prevention sterilization.

Shift to an earlier date seeding and seedling raising in July during breeding, when the Ching Ming Festival front and rear purple asparagus young plant just to germinate unearthed when, at once move Plant, be easy to lifting, carrying and transplanting, it is impossible to when purple asparagus bud grows tall, save both labour and money, be easy to management, the early benefit that takes effect；It is if purple When asparagus bud grows tall, much bothered to transplanting carry strap, easily purple asparagus bud is got rid of during lifting carries transplanting, planted The upper some time does not germinate, and germination is also very weak, and does not open and change fourth transplanting opportunity.

3rd, purple asparagus seedling management

1st, 24 DEG C -26 DEG C of nursery temperature daytime, 16 DEG C -18 DEG C of night are advisable, not more than 30 DEG C, put in time during more than 30 DEG C Wind cools, and sprayed a water every 5-6 days, keeps relative temperature.

2nd, top dressing weeding：Seedling is all sprouted 20 days and imposes first time fertilizer, and diluting 50 times of liquid from high-quality water battalion fertilizer is sprayed Spill, remove weeds in time, the plastic paper removed before field planting before 15 days on Small plastic shed carries out hardening, strengthens purple asparagus resistance, just Survived after transplanting.

4th, field planting ditch is opened

Purple asparagus field planting ditch direction should be advisable with ground, and generally north-south, East and West direction are more, and north-south is best, is drawn by line-spacing One straight line, 50-60 centimetres wide, deep 60-70 centimetres field planting ditch is dug along straight line with machinery.

If outdoor nursery in July or feeding block seedlings raising, need it is freeze-up in the winter time before purple asparagus field planting ditch is dug, be backfilled to from Original ground is low 8-10 centimetres, and the field planting ditch dug is filled with enough into water before freeze-up, has good effect to diseases prevention insect prevention through a winter jellyization Fruit, when being thawed to spring in the coming year every mu be sprinkled into field planting ditch in 100-150 kilograms of decomposed good biological organic fertilizer or humic acid it is organic Fertilizer, it is sprinkled into 40-50 kilograms of native Barren conditioner and then turns over even rake with gadget and protect front and rear transplanting the Ching Ming Festival business prepares.

5th, Miao Xuanmiao, field planting transplanting are dug

1st, purple asparagus before seedling is dug to water seedbed and digs seedling when not doing not wet, such purple asparagus seedling capillary root be constantly easy to go back seedling into It is living, it is classified in Wa Miao, one-level is seedlings, and two level is seedling, and three-level is weak seedling and pest and disease damage seedling, and purple asparagus seedling is extensively planted when meeting One-level seedling, when being short of seedling, two level is planted into a line respectively, such seedlings do not bully seedling, and three-level seedling firmly eliminates bamboo shoot seedling not enough also not Plant.

2、（1）First drawn a straight line in field planting ditch, planting pit, 28 centimetres of planting pit spacing are dug along straight line.

（2）The one-level bamboo shoot seedling dug out in advance with smart first fludioxonil（First just up to the bright shield of production）Mix chlorine

Worm Diacloden（The first Fu Ge of honest production）Convert 500 times of liquid and cover root with mat, diseases prevention insect prevention, the side germinateed by purple asparagus during field planting To rule, with being colonized ditch north-south, by primary shoot, i.e., a thinner rhizome is planted in north；With being colonized ditch East and West direction, will be nascent Stem is planted in north side or west side, oriented unanimously, is watered in time after field planting.

6th, purple asparagus field management

1st, purple asparagus management is transplanted then

Seedling is looked into after field planting in time to fill the gaps with seedlings, a water was poured every 10 days, punching of watering every time applied a small amount of water battalion and carries seed manure, every 20 days left sides Tillage and weeding of right progress, disposable fertilizer is chased after, impose decomposed good biological organic fertilizer or humic acid organic fertilizer 60-80 thousand every time Gram, applying fertilizer 15 centimetres away from purple asparagus seedling is advisable, and prevents lodging from repeatedly earthed up to stem foot, it is necessary to when, on purple asparagus both sides Rope is pulled in piling, grows into 80-100 centimetres high topping pinching, wipes out overstocked branches and leaves in good time.

2nd, adult purple asparagus management.

（1）Clear garden：The aerial stem of plant is removed by eradicating in time after early spring fresh jelly, dry branches and fallen leaves and weeds are transported to outside field at concentration Reason, draw hoe guarantor's business's top dressing and impose decomposed 80-100 kilograms of quite organic fertilizer and humic acid organic fertilizer, native Barren conditioners（Haiyang is big Learn and develop）40-50 kilograms, bamboo shoot are adopted in the purple asparagus field lid mulch film moisture-keeping insulation for not building heat preservation greenhouse in advance.

（2）Stay female stem：Purple asparagus should stay female stem in late April then.

Purple asparagus should stay female stem in the first tenday period of a month in May-mid-May after 2 years, when staying female stem, each bulbil disk seedling 3-5 strains, often The necessary robust growth of the female stem of strain, no disease and pests harm, straight stem are evenly distributed when female stem length is male to 80 all more than 1.2-1.5 centimetres Timesharing, pinching of pinching in time, now prevent from lodging, with reference to intertillage fertilising ridging, pour one time it is permeable to late August or early September Stay the unnecessary tender stem harvesting of female stem 3-5 roots to sell again, stay 6-10 root mother's stems to be advisable in life.

3rd, the rational application of fertilizer：Behind clear garden, fertilizer three times is chased after after staying female stem, around the beginning of autumn, imposes decomposed good biological organic every time 80-100 kilograms of fertilizer or humic acid organic fertilizer, 40-60 kilograms of potassium sulphate fertilizer, water battalion fertilizer is applied with reference to each watering punching.

4th, water management, per pouring within 7-10 days a water during adopting bamboo shoot, water and pour a line after a line, be easy to adopt bamboo shoot, 1 year Must pour three times it is permeable, when staying female stem for the first time, second of autumn runs into arid when prosperous long, before third time is freeze-up.

5th, tillage and weeding, intertillage in every 20 days or so once, weed out the rank grass with reference to intertillage, reply original to improve purple asparagus quality Ecology is not advocated using day grass agent.

7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control

1st, stem wilt

（1）Purple asparagus stem wilt is a kind of destructive disease, and harm quite must seriously prevent and treat ahead of time, one it is anti-based on, with reference in Weeding, cut off overstocked branches and leaves and do drought resisting water drainage well, increase potash fertilizer, improve resistance against diseases.

（2）Medical treatment

Fang Yi：The 50% pair of lucky victory pungent 300 times of liquid of 500 times of maneb of liquid+70%.

Side two：The pungent 300 times of liquid of 50% 500 times of the prestige king maneb of liquid+70%.

Above prescription is optionally first, again with liking seedling（Benzene first propiconazole）It is used alternatingly, once chance rain was beaten every 7 days and is beaten again Directly only at the beginning of 10 months by the end of September, prevention effect is fine, as long as other pest and disease damages of going and buy Chinese medicine in time do not occur substantially.

（3）Aphid, plant hopper, thrips, Ye Chan etc. are from 0.6% matrine, 800 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings.

（4）Leaf moth class causes harm the 6-9 months, is sprayed and prevented and treated with chlorine worm Diacloden Su Yun bacillus.

（5）Attractant for isoceras is in Weifang early June adult eclosion peak period 3000 times of liquid of chlorine worm Diacloden by the end of May, in May 20 days-May 30 spray basal part of stem twice effect it is fine, be safe from danger Lu Miao substantially.

8th, harvest

Purple asparagus harvests 20-30 centimetres of length, adopts daily twice, before at 9 points in the morning, after at 3 points in afternoon, collecting method pocket knife is neat Cutting off the cm of toothing 2 is advisable, and to growing meticulous, bending, lopsided, residual branch, weak branch, diseased plant should be cut off early.

The decomposed technique of organic fertilizer comprises the following steps：

The first step：Auxiliary material, raw material, microbial inoculum are uniformly mixed；Based on raw material, accounting supplemented by auxiliary material, accounts in 50%-70% proportioning Than for 30%-50%, microbial inoculum and fermentation materials ratio are 1 kilogram per ton；

Raw material is agriculture and animal husbandry discarded object, such as cultivates that excrement is dirty, cutting offals, and auxiliary material is rice husk, peanut shell powder, vinasse etc., microbial inoculum It is enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae etc., mixes by a certain percentage.

Second step：Charging, stirring；

The material mixed is added in fermentation tank, and continuously stirs 20-30 minutes, reaches and is sufficiently mixed, afterwards every 3 Hour stirring 5 minutes；

3rd step：Divulge information, be heated up to 30-40 degree；

The numerical value of temperature, humidity according to needed for material fermentation, normal temperature blower fan by air-supply arrangement to being divulged information in fermentation tank, and By hot air apparatus to 30-40 degree is warmed in fermentation tank, when temperature is higher than 40 degree, hot air apparatus is closed, and passes through normal temperature Blower ventilation cools；The reasonable humidity of fermentation is between 40%-55% in fermentation tank, and during less than 40%, automatic watering increase is wet Degree, during higher than 55%, pass through ventilation drying；

4th step：Fermentation, mixing, stirring；Fermentation was completed in 24 hours, and automatic stirring mixes.

5th step：Ventilation, fermentation；Temperature, the numerical value of humidity are aerated, heat or cooled according to needed for material fermentation, Automatic stirring simultaneously, in order to preferably ferment so that material is sufficiently fermented.

6th step：Ventilation, dry；The numerical value of humidity according to needed for material fermentation is aerated drying, by the aqueous of material Amount control is below 35%.

7th step：Discharging, packaging.

Following table is tetraploid purple asparagus and white asparagus and the contrast situation of green asparagus：

	Diameter（cm）	Sugar content（%）	Group fiber content（%）	Calcium content（mg/kg）
					Tetraploid purple asparagus	1-2	2.5-3.0	1.2-1.3	106-115
White asparagus	0.6-2	2.2-2.4	1.5-1.8	95-105
					Green asparagus	0.6-2	2.3-2.6	1.3-1.5	80-105

The present invention using purple asparagus there is the characteristics of stronger salt tolerance to carry out salt-soda soil asparagus cultivation, both realize changing for salt-soda soil It is good, the contradiction that dish grain strives ground can be alleviated again, the tetraploid purple asparagus of plantation is loose, and succulence, micro- sweet tea, quality are delicate, and fiber contains Amount is few, excellent quality, eats excellent taste raw, and disease resistance is strong, has the advantages that planting survival rates height, stable yield, cost-effective.

Claims

A kind of 1. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method, it is characterised in that：Tetraploid purple asparagus, comprises the following steps：

First, soil treatment：1）Hidden pipe row's alkali, 2）Soil Desalting, 3）Plough deeply deep ploughing, level land；

2nd, nursery：1）Seedling raise period, 2）Preparation before nursery, 3）Purple asparagus kind method for culturing seedlings；

3rd, purple asparagus seedling management：1）Temperature, moisture management, 2）Top dressing weeding；

4th, field planting ditch is opened；

5th, Miao Xuanmiao, field planting transplanting are dug：1）Dig seedling to be classified, 2）Field planting；

6th, purple asparagus field management：1）Transplanting purple asparagus management then, 2）Adult purple asparagus management, 3）The rational application of fertilizer, 4）Moisture Management, 5）Tillage and weeding；

7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；

8th, harvest.
A kind of 2. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 1,1）Hidden pipe arranges alkali：It is mutual using 2 grades of drainpipe and collector pipe that PVC in plantation asparagus field in advance is oozed into pipe It is vertically formed at quadrature network pattern or the chevron shaped network mode embedment 1.2~1.5m of underground of oblique, collector pipe is surrounded by Glass fibre or the engineering sand or clinker, flyash for filling 10~20cm.
A kind of 3. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 2,1）Seedling raise period：The spring purple asparagus of field planting is suitable for nursery in July before year, and the autumn purple asparagus of field planting is suitable In late April-the first tenday period of a month in May nursery；

2）Preparation before nursery：

Basked seeds, presoaking and germinating, basked seeds 2-3 days, with clear diafiltration seed, remove blighted grain and impurity, with 50 DEG C of Soaking in hot water, by purple When asparagus seeds are put in 50 DEG C of hot water, stirred in time with club, when cooling to 30 DEG C of warm water, bubble kind 2-3 days, rinse change water daily 2-3 times；

After the abundant water swelling of seed, purple asparagus seed is filtered out, is wrapped and is put in basin with wet cloth, then covers wet cloth again, Moisturizing vernalization at 25 DEG C -28 DEG C of condition is placed in, is rinsed 2-3 times with clear water daily；

When the ﹪ of seed 20 shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, you can seeding and seedling raising.
A kind of 4. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：

In step 2,3）Purple asparagus kind method for culturing seedlings includes three kinds of feeding block seedlings raising, Cold frame, outdoor nursery methods；

Feeding block seedlings raising：From 10-12 centimetres, high 10 cm plastic nutrition bowl, 1 mu of purple asparagus needs 2000 or so, The wide 1.2-1.5 rice in seedbed, long 15-18 rice, being colonized one mu of purple asparagus needs 17 square metres or so of seedbed；

Nutrition Soil is formulated from asparagus fertile soil Barren and abundant decomposed good organic fertilizer was not planted, soil and organic fertilizer ratio （Volume ratio）For 3:1, soil and organic fertilizer are mixed and smashed, is then sieved, sieving is adjusted one time again, is then charged into nutritive cube, and fit It is real when squatting, put on seedbed；

Nutritive cube is poured into vola water before sowing, during sowing, the aperture that a depth is 1.5-2 centimetres, general are made a call among nutritive cube Simple grain purple asparagus kind is sown into aperture, covers Nutrition Soil immediately, and sowing terminates, and builds Small plastic shed, and high 50-80 centimetres is advisable.
A kind of 5. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 3,1）Temperature, moisture management：24 DEG C -26 DEG C of nursery temperature daytime, 16 DEG C -18 DEG C of night are advisable, not more than 30 DEG C are crossed, cooling of leaking informaton in time during more than 30 DEG C, a water was sprayed every 5-6 days, keeps relative temperature；

2）Top dressing weeding：Seedling is all sprouted 20 days and imposes first time fertilizer, and diluting 50 times of liquid from high-quality water battalion fertilizer is sprayed, and When remove weeds, the plastic paper removed before field planting before 15 days on Small plastic shed carries out hardening, strengthens purple asparagus resistance, is easy to transplant After survive.
A kind of 6. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 4, purple asparagus field planting ditch direction should be advisable with ground, and generally north-south, East and West direction are more, and 50-60 is dug along straight line Centimetre wide, deep 60-70 centimetres of field planting ditch.
A kind of 7. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 5,1）Dig seedling classification：Digging purple asparagus before seedling waters seedbed digs seedling when not doing not wet, is classified in Wa Miao, One-level is seedlings, and two level is seedling, and three-level is weak seedling and pest and disease damage seedling；

2）Field planting：Field planting ditch in first draw a straight line, along straight line dig planting pit, 28 centimetres of planting pit spacing,

The one-level bamboo shoot seedling dug out is mixed chlorine worm Diacloden with smart first fludioxonil in advance convert 500 times of liquid and cover root with mat, diseases prevention insect prevention, During field planting by the direction rule field planting of purple asparagus germination, field planting ditch north-south, by primary shoot, i.e., a thinner rhizome plant in North, field planting ditch East and West direction, primary shoot is planted in north side or west side, oriented unanimously, is watered in time after field planting.
A kind of 8. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 6,1）Purple asparagus management is transplanted then：Seedling is looked into after field planting in time to fill the gaps with seedlings, a water was poured every 10 days, every 20 It or so carries out a tillage and weeding, chases after disposable fertilizer, imposes decomposed good biological organic fertilizer or humic acid organic fertilizer 60-80 every time Kilogram, applying fertilizer 15 centimetres away from purple asparagus seedling is advisable, and grows into 80-100 centimetres high topping pinching；

2）Adult purple asparagus management：Clear garden, the aerial stem of plant is removed by eradicating in time after early spring fresh jelly, top dressing, which imposes decomposed quite thing, to be had 80-100 kilograms of machine fertilizer and humic acid organic fertilizer, native 40-50 kilograms of Barren conditioners；Female stem is stayed, purple asparagus is stayed in late April then Female stem；

3）The rational application of fertilizer：Behind clear garden, fertilizer three times is chased after after staying female stem, around the beginning of autumn, impose every time decomposed quite organic fertilizer or 80-100 kilograms of humic acid organic fertilizer, 40-60 kilograms of potassium sulphate fertilizer, water battalion fertilizer is applied with reference to each watering punching；

4）Water management：Per a water is poured within 7-10 days during adopting bamboo shoot, water and pour a line after a line, be easy to adopt bamboo shoot, 1 year necessary Pour three times it is permeable, when staying female stem for the first time, second of autumn runs into arid when prosperous long, before third time is freeze-up；

5）Tillage and weeding：Intertillage in every 20 days or so is once.
A kind of 9. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 7, purple asparagus stem wilt, with reference to tillage and weeding, cut off overstocked branches and leaves do well drought resisting water drainage, increase potash fertilizer；

Medical treatment, Fang Yi：The 50% pair of lucky victory pungent 300 times of liquid of 500 times of maneb of liquid+70%；Side two：50% 500 times of prestige king liquid+70% The pungent 300 times of liquid of maneb, optionally first, with liking seedling（Benzene first propiconazole）It is used alternatingly, once chance rain was beaten every 7 days and is beaten again directly Only at the beginning of 10 months by the end of September.
A kind of 10. salt-soda soil tetraploid purple asparagus cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In step 8, purple asparagus 20-30 centimetres of length of harvesting, adopt daily twice, before at 9 points in the morning, after at 3 points in afternoon, collecting method The cm of toothing 2 is neatly cut off with pocket knife to be advisable.