CN107593247A

CN107593247A - A kind of planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan

Info

Publication number: CN107593247A
Application number: CN201711080658.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈金水
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-11-06
Filing date: 2017-11-06
Publication date: 2018-01-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan; orchard scientific management; appropriate fertilising is easy using wide eye kind and stone gorge kind tree grafting, administrative skill; it is simple to operate; management method be cut down using site preparation, nursery and grafting, seedling treatment, plantation, pruner, field management, flower and fruit protecting, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control pattern, so as to obtain with drought-enduring; well developed root system; water moisture self restraint, branch is more, sturdy; as a result it is more; fruiting rate is high, and fruit fresh eating is delicious, and there is nourishing to carry gas; prosperous blood of enriching blood acts on, and is the indispensable additive of soup stock.And the individual big crisp and refreshing mouth of meat sweet tea, pol is moderate, and fruit fresh eating is delicious, dries vacuum-packed osmanthus garden meat, sells well all over the country.Promoted suitable for plantation.

Description

A kind of planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan

Technical field

The invention belongs to woods fruit, particularly a kind of planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan.

Background technology

Longan also known as：Circle eye, imperial mesh, intelligence development.Its height of tree, leaf is smaller than lichee, and winter not at all, the end of spring and the beginning of summer, opens thin white Flower.July, fruit was ripe.Shell bluish yellow color, there is scale and shell shape thing, circular, size such as sparrow egg, core picture wood Zongzi and it is hard, meat is thinner than litchi Branch, there is slurry sweet such as honey in vain.As a result it is a lot, about twenty or thirty on every.Nature and flavor are sweet, mild-natured, nontoxic.It is mainly used in the five internal organs heresy Gas, apocleisis, poor appetite are controlled, drives parasite in intestines.Long-term consumption, Qiang Ti, promotes longevity, the long wisdom of mind-tranquilizing brain-strengthening, and appetizing is mended It is physically weak.The Guangxi of past southerner particularly ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong, Jiangxi plantation, Guangdong, Guangxi plantation are most It is more.In recent years due to the prosperity of road and rail, north and south transport it is unobstructed, longan is sold well all over the country various regions, and the sale longan impetus is prosperous.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of soil of meta-acid meta-alkali to plant stone gorge longan, by site preparation grafting of choosing seeds, Forest land scientific management, increase and manually put into fertilising, shrub and hedge trimmer tap reason, a kind of stone gorge tree-longan that stone gorge longan has obtained Planting technology.

The technical solution of the present invention is a kind of such, planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan, it is characterised in that is used Guangxi Local kind " wide eye " kind as stock, stone gorge kind tree bud as scion, cultural method include site preparation, nursery and Grafting, seedling treatment, plantation, pruner are cut down, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and the step of management.

Described site preparation be selected at soil thickness for more than 20 centimetres, the soil is porous, drainage and good air permeability, light According to the good tailo of condition, half light hillside fields section.

Described nursery and grafting is " wide eye " kind, is seed sowing in January in spring, and live " wide eye " seedling will set Dry to grow to chopsticks size ability grafting, then or the live seedling of the previous year can be made after grafting, or cuttage and seedling culture 10 months For stock；The scion of " stone gorge " kind uses cuttage and seedling culture, carries out cuttage, the fringe of propagation by grafiting in fertile Plain field April The suitable clip before the Spring Festival of bar, trunk, which grows to chopsticks size, can carry out grafting, and engrafting method can use fringe connection or tooth connection, treat Grafting fringe, which survives, to be grown more than 4 centimetres and can transplant；It is noted that the staminiferous plant of configuration 12% makees pollinizers during nursery.

Described seedling treatment be at grafting fringe more than stay 6 buds, be about 18cm, remainder is cut off, and part palpus Root is cut off, while starches root with fertile pond sludge slurry or stream mud.

Described plantation is the plantation completed in site preparation, zonally, is planted into ridge row, zonally single or more plantation.

Described pruner has cut down the winter and cut down, and as far as possible to stay branch, beta pruning form is cut for height more, it is impossible to it is low to cut, cut stayed when cutting down it is strong Branch removes weak branch, sick branch.

Described field management is managed after transplanting, and timely water drenching, is applied fertilizer and is loosened the soil, and after plant, soil drought is timely Irrigate water drenching, appropriate fertilising.

The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is the preventing and treating to leaf roll blight and powdery mildew, Phellinus linteus, mulberry leaf mite and diaphania.

Described phase mulberry tree management of yielding positive results is top dressing 2 times before annual April, applies 600 kilograms every mu of column fertilizer, yields positive results Phase per 14 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizers, hereafter, foliage fertilization, SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING and Chinese olive phase is carried out from 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc., With 50% dimethachlon wettable powder, 600 times of liquid, or 75% thiophanate methyl pulvis, 800 times of liquid, or 40% carbendazim wettable powder 400 times of liquid of agent spray prevention comprehensively to branch, dry, leaf, fruit and earth's surface, every 3 days once；When having disease pest, every 3 days are once, until On a small quantity by blue-stain it is red when stop-spraying.

The present invention compared with prior art the advantages of be by grafting of choosing seeds, orchard scientific management, the new successful stone of grafting Gorge tree-longan well developed root system, water moisture self restraint, tree-like larger, branch is more, and section shape protrudes, and growing way is vigorous, as a result more, fruit pork Sweet tea, 2 ~ 3 meters of height of tree crown can be kept after picking fruit, as long as appropriate fertilising, fruiting rate is very high, and fruit fresh eating is delicious, shines The osmanthus garden meat of dry vacuum packaging, sells well all over the country.Gas is carried with nourishing, prosperous blood effect of enriching blood, is the indispensable additive of soup stock.

Embodiment

With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described

Embodiment 1：

1）Selected kind：Kind is set as stock using Guangxi Local kind " wide eye "；

2）Site preparation：Selection is more than 20 centimetres in soil thickness, and the soil is porous, drainage and good air permeability, illumination condition are good Tailo, half light hillside fields section, plot is that strip tillage bandwidth is generally 30 centimetres, deep 20 centimetres；Belt length determines according to landform, 40 centimetres of natural vegetations should be retained at a certain distance, if plot is block（Cave is cultivated）, regular size has：30 30 lis of cm x Rice × 30 centimetres, centered on kind of plant hole, remove the shrubbery and weeds of surrounding, cleanup area according to the size of site preparation specification and It is fixed；Gesture it can form terraced fields near the mountain.

3）Nursery and grafting：Using " wide eye tree " as stock then or the live seedling of the previous year can grafting；Or Cuttage and seedling culture is used as stock after 1 year；The scion of stone gorge can use cuttage and seedling culture, carry out cuttage in fertile Plain field January, The suitable clip before the Spring Festival of the fringe bar of propagation by grafiting, trunk, which grows to chopsticks size, can carry out grafting, and engrafting method can be connect using fringe Method or tooth connection, fringe to be grafted, which survives, to be grown 6 cms and can transplant.It is noted that the staminiferous plant of configuration 4% pollinates during nursery Tree, could result.

4）Seedling treatment：1 bud is stayed more than at the grafting fringe, is about 15cm, remainder is cut off, and part fibrous root is cut Go, while root is starched with fertile pond sludge slurry or stream mud, appropriate peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers can be added when starching root.

5）Plantation：After the completion of site preparation, it is possible to directly plant, appropriate depth, which is digged pit, enables to stone gorge seedling to take root depth, resistance to Drought；Appropriate farm manure or composite fertilizer are added as base manure in hole after digging pit, and paying attention to the root of stone gorge seedling not contact fertilizer directly Material, one layer of soil is covered after fertilizer can be put into, then plants stone gorge seedling.

6）Pruner is cut down, and the winter is cut down in halcyon days, and beta pruning form is to cut off unnecessary side shoot and sick branch, stays vigorous branches to go weak Branch, as a result branch low can not be cut.

7）Field management：Timely water drenching after plant, apply fertilizer and loosen the soil.After plant, soil drought will irrigate water drenching in time；Mulberry There is ponding on ground, answers smooth low-lying place or trench digging to drain the water away.Loosened the soil, kept soil from packing together with reference to weeding, enhancing soil leads to Permeability.After new Sang Faya opens leaf, leaching applies liquid dung or 0.4% urea solution once, later according to new mulberry growing state, dressing fertilizer 3 It is secondary.Dose is every mu and applies the urea 12kg or kg of composite fertilizer 16.It is short of seedling it was found that having, should reseeds in time.The plant reseeded will be strengthened Management.With fertilizer, mainly have：Organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, mixed organic manure, inorganic composite mixed fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and blade face Fertilizer.It is required that N P and K compounding application, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potassium are 3: 2: 1.

8）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Major Diseases of mulberry tree are leaf roll blight and powdery mildew, are caused harm initial stage, branch middle and upper part bud-leaf Shrinkage, blade occur it is irregular incise and hole, and scroll up in wooden dipper shape, the visible yellowish green alternate scab of blade back, go out at vein Existing strumae middle and advanced stage blade atrophy is rolled seriously, and strumae becomes apparent from, and axillary bud is occurred and early sent out, to spring leaf quality Cause necessarily to influence.Sprayed comprehensively with 1200 times of liquid of 60% thiophanate, 800 times of liquid or 75% thiophanate methyl, sprayed one every three days It is secondary.Comprehensive clear garden after winter is cut down, eliminates worm sources of surviving the winter；When orchard reaches certain insect density, in time with 600 times of 50% dimethoate emulsion Liquid or with 85% ddvp emulsion, 800 times of liquid, sprays blade back.Weeds are rooted out, plough soil, eliminate worm sources；It was found that insect pest, early Preventing and treating.Blade backs can be sprayed with 75% 1000 times of liquid of propargite.Disease branches and leaves are removed in time with reference to the mulberry field that winter ploughing beta pruning and summer are cut down, Sick branches and leaves, which are concentrated, to be burnt, and the mulberry tree of morbidity will be eliminated or root is cut.Disease leaf is extractd, removes weeds in time, sterilizes hibernacle.

9）The management of blooming of fruit trees：In order to yield positive results more, it is necessary to which top dressing 1 time before annual January, applies column fertilizer（Or cake Fertilizer, chicken manure）600 kilograms every mu, the phase is yielded positive results to make young fruit expand rapidly, per 14 kilograms of Mu Xushi composite fertilizers.Hereafter, select 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc. carries out foliage fertilization, is beneficial to improving the sugar content of fruit and color and luster.SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING and Chinese olive phase, use 50% 600 times of dimethachlon wettable powder liquid, or 75% thiophanate methyl pulvis, 1200 times of liquid, or 40% carbendazol wettable powder 600 times of liquid spray prevention comprehensively to branch, dry, leaf, fruit and earth's surface, every spray in 3 days once, spray 4 times altogether；When ill, every 3 days one It is secondary.

10）Picking fruit：Cut to pluck with tree trunk and adopted.

11）Edible and collection：Eat raw delicious, fresh and sweet tasty and refreshing, alcohol is just.Pulp, which dries, makes osmanthus garden meat, Baoshang, can nourish and carry Gas, prosperous blood of enriching blood, it is women's postpartum invigorating the blood good merchantable brand.

Claims

A kind of 1. planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan, it is characterised in that by the use of Guangxi Local kind " wide eye " kind as stock, Stone gorge kind tree bud is as scion, and cultural method includes site preparation, nursery and grafting, seedling treatment, plantation, pruner are cut down, field The step of management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and management.
2. the planting technology of a kind of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described site preparation is choosing Select soil thickness be more than 20 centimetres, the tailo that the soil is porous, drainage and good air permeability, illumination condition are good, half tailo Location.
3. the planting technology of a kind of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nursery and transfer It is " wide eye " kind to connect, and is seed sowing in January in spring, and live " wide eye " seedling wants trunk to grow to chopsticks size ability grafting, Then or the previous year live seedling can grafting, or cuttage and seedling culture is used as stock after 10 months；" stone gorge " kind connects Fringe uses cuttage and seedling culture, carries out cuttage, the suitable clip before the Spring Festival of fringe bar of propagation by grafiting, trunk April in fertile Plain field Grafting can be carried out by growing to chopsticks size, and engrafting method can use fringe connection or tooth connection, fringe to be grafted survive grow 4 centimetres with On can transplant；It is noted that the staminiferous plant of configuration 12% makees pollinizers during nursery.
A kind of 4. planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described seedling treatment Be at grafting fringe more than stay 6 buds, be about 18cm, remainder is cut off, and part fibrous root is cut off, while with the fertile pool Mud or stream mud slurry root.
A kind of 5. planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described plantation be The plantation that site preparation is completed, zonally, planted into ridge row, zonally single or more plantation.
6. the planting technology of a kind of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pruner is cut down There is the winter to cut down, as far as possible to stay branch, beta pruning form is cut for height more, it is impossible to it is low to cut, cut and stay vigorous branches to remove weak branch, sick branch when cutting down.
A kind of 7. planting technology of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described field management It is to be managed after transplanting, timely water drenching, applies fertilizer and loosen the soil, after plant, soil drought will irrigates water drenching in time, appropriate fertilising.
8. the planting technology of a kind of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pest and disease damage is prevented It is preventing and treating to leaf roll blight and powdery mildew, Phellinus linteus, mulberry leaf mite and diaphania to control.
9. the planting technology of a kind of stone gorge tree-longan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described yields positive results The management of phase mulberry tree is top dressing 2 times before annual April, applies 600 kilograms every mu of column fertilizer, the phase of yielding positive results per 14 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizers, Hereafter, foliage fertilization, SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING and Chinese olive phase are carried out from 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc., with 50% dimethachlon wettable powder 600 times of liquid, or 75% thiophanate methyl pulvis, 800 times of liquid, or 40% carbendazol wettable powder, 400 times of liquid are to branch, dry, leaf, fruit Spray prevention comprehensively with earth's surface, every 3 days once；When having disease pest, every 3 days are once, until on a small quantity by blue-stain it is red when stop-spraying.