CN107521114A - 管端部检测 - Google Patents

管端部检测 Download PDF

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CN107521114A
CN107521114A CN201710454929.5A CN201710454929A CN107521114A CN 107521114 A CN107521114 A CN 107521114A CN 201710454929 A CN201710454929 A CN 201710454929A CN 107521114 A CN107521114 A CN 107521114A
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tube end
plane
plastics
plastics tube
heat mirror
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CN107521114B (zh
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E·哈斯菲
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GEORGE FISHER PIPELINE SYSTEM CO Ltd
Georg Fischer Rohrleitungssysteme AG
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GEORGE FISHER PIPELINE SYSTEM CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2053—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position
    • B29C65/2084—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by pivoting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2092—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" and involving the use of a facer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/841—Machines or tools adaptable for making articles of different dimensions or shapes or for making joints of different dimensions
    • B29C66/8414—Machines or tools adaptable for making articles of different dimensions or shapes or for making joints of different dimensions of different diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

用于检测夹持在对焊机中的塑料管端部的方法及与其相关的装置，所述塑料管端部通过刨子刨平，所述刨子能被引入塑料管端部之间，并随后通过加热镜加热，所述加热镜能被引入塑料管端部之间，并且在移除加热镜之后塑料管端部被焊接在一起，所述刨子和/或加热镜通过受控运动倾斜进入塑料管端部之间，其中，通过设置在刨子上和/或加热镜上的至少一个传感器来执行在刨子和/或加热镜倾斜进入的受控运动期间检测或感测塑料管端部。

Description

管端部检测
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于检测夹持在对焊机中的塑料管端部的方法及与其相关的装置，塑料管端部通过可被引入塑料管端部之间的刨子进行刨平，并且随后通过可被引入塑料管端部之间的加热镜加热，并且在去除加热镜之后塑料管端部被焊接在一起，刨子和/或加热镜通过受控的运动倾斜进入塑料管端部之间。
背景技术
对焊机用于连接两个塑料管道端部，现有技术中已知的对焊机通常是可手动致动的，特别是刨平和加热管端部的过程。
以前，可能的是由对焊机操作者输入的管参数(其得手动输入到机器中用于焊接)与夹持在对焊机中的管端部不一致。例如，可能将不正确的管尺寸输入到控制器中，那么这不会导向对应于管道的所需的焊接参数，例如时间、温度、压力等。因此可能用不正确的参数执行焊接，这又导致不能用的焊接。
EP 0535454 A1公开了一种用于焊接塑料部件的装置，加工工具以及加热装置用手在管端部之间倾斜。为了执行相应的焊接程序，由操作者将塑料原始数据(例如尺寸、材料等)手动输入到装置中，存储的焊接参数由系统基于所述数据选择，并且装置相应地应用它们，例如将加热装置预热到相应的温度等。
如已经提到的那样，在这种情况下引起的缺点是不符合被夹持的管端部的不正确值可能由操作者输入，并且该装置仍然基于不正确的值执行焊接，这通常使焊接不能使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种方法以及与其相关的装置，其确保塑料管端部的焊接正确地执行，即在焊接参数对应于夹持的塑料管端部的情况下，并且不能用不正确的值执行焊接。
根据本发明，该目的被实现，因为在刨子和/或加热镜的倾斜进入的受控运动期间，通过设置在刨子上和/或加热镜上的至少一个传感器执行塑料管端部的检测或感测。
刨子和/或加热镜在塑料管端部之间倾斜，该倾斜过程在受到控制的同时被执行。这意味着刨子和/或加热镜自动倾斜进入，以便获得刨子和/或加热镜的限定的运动过程。刨子和/或加热镜倾斜进入的速度优选是恒定的。设置在刨子和/或加热镜上的传感器因此沿着经过管端部的预定曲线或半径倾斜，并且因此在倾斜过程期间感测管端部持续特定的时间段，这使得可以借助于控制器确定管的尺寸。
刨子和/或加热镜在管端部之中或管端部之间以限定的速度倾斜，这允许传感器或控制器基于传感器感测管端部的时间段来确定管端部的尺寸。
作为替代方案，刨子和/或加热镜也可在夹持点或夹持的管端部之间以可变的倾斜速度倾斜，借助于控制器来调节可变的倾斜速度，因此也可以确定夹持的管端部的尺寸。
首先，确定的管尺寸值意图用作核对，也就是说操作者仍然手动输入管的值，但是控制器将这些值与由传感器确定的值进行比较。在不匹配的情况下，控制器要求操作者验证所述值，以避免不正确的焊接。
当然，也可借助于控制器以这样的方式来构造装置或方法：自动执行整个程序，并且由传感器确定的数据不仅用作核对，而且用作焊接基于其执行的确定的值。然后，操作者将不再需要输入任何值，而是替代地完全自动进行该过程。
已经发现，通过单独的传感器分别检测或感测两个相对的塑料管端部是有利的。这要求传感器设置在刨子和/或加热镜的两侧上。以这种方式，也可确定两个不同的塑料管是否已正确地夹持在焊接装置中。
光学传感器用作检测管端部的优选传感器。这具有的优点在于：其不必特别靠近塑料管端部地倾斜通过以确定值。
作为另一优选实施例，使用激光器作为传感器；这也允许管端部的不复杂的感测。
作为本发明的另一种构造，也可使用电容传感器来感测管端部。要使用的传感器的选择是根据使用领域或根据环境条件进行的。
为了允许适用于不同管尺寸的自动过程，有利的是，无接触地执行塑料管端部的检测或感测。所使用的传感器优选用于检测或感测管尺寸。
已经发现优选实施例是传感器还用于管材料检测。
检测管材料可以通过感测到的管尺寸来进行，也就是说，内径和外径具体对应地指定于每种材料。因此，管尺寸的标准值和与其相关的材料被存储在控制器中，使得控制器可以基于由传感器感测的管尺寸值来确定生产管端部的材料。
本发明的另一种构造在于使用颜色传感器，通过该颜色传感器检测材料。材料或塑料的检测不是完全通过颜色传感器执行，而是如上所述也可以通过检测管尺寸或内径和外径(其对于每种材料具有其自己的相应分配量)来确定，在这种情况下，颜色传感器也可以用作辅助以确保正确的材料分配量。
作为替代方案，可以与布氏或洛氏硬度测试类似的方式执行硬度测试，以便确定材料并产生所需的焊接参数。
可以设想用于执行该测试的一个实施例在于例如在塑料管下方提供测试心轴，这使得可以借助于已经确定的进入管端部内的穿透深度或通过测量测试心轴的长度变化来确定材料。
根据本发明的用于实现根据本发明的方法的塑料管端部的对焊装置包括设置在同轴位置的两个夹持点，夹持点保持或固定塑料管端部，刨子，该刨子能够被引入塑料管端部之间以便于刨平塑料管端部，以及用于后续加热塑料管端部的加热镜，加热镜能够被引入塑料管端部之间，并且在移除加热镜之后通过将夹持点朝向彼此移动而将塑料管端部焊接，刨子和/或加热镜能够通过受控运动而倾斜进入塑料管端部之间，至少一个传感器设置在刨子上/或加热镜上，该至少一个传感器用于在刨子和/或加热镜的倾斜进入的受控运动期间检测或感测塑料管端部。
已经发现，对于所有的运动阶段并且因此对于整个对焊过程都是有利的是在被控制的同时进行，也就是说，除了刨子和加热镜倾斜进入和出来的过程之外，在受控的同时进行用于刨平、加热和焊接的夹持点朝向彼此的运动，并且手动操作不再是可能的。优选地，该装置在各个步骤之间停止，并且要求操作者检查步骤，并且如果需要则进行清洁。为了继续程序，操作者可确认步骤，并且继续程序。因此，通过装置的控制器，对焊的整个程序是自动化的。
上述构造可应用于方法和装置。
附图说明
将借助附图描述本发明的示例性实施例，本发明不仅限于示例性实施例。
图1示出了根据本发明的用于执行根据本发明的方法的装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的用于实施根据本发明的方法的装置1的示意图。
在夹持点2，可以看到管端部3中的一个被焊接到另一个上，具有夹持的管端部的另一夹持点位于视图的前方，并因此不可见。
在所示的实施例中，传感器4设置在刨子5上。通过刨子5的受控的倾斜进入，这导致具有关于距离和速度的限定的倾斜运动，传感器4持续地沿着预定曲线6或半径移动。
在管端部3的水平上，传感器4感知到在那存在管，并且可以通过测量传感器4感知管的持续时间和倾斜运动的速度以及预定的距离，从而确定哪个管或管尺寸被夹持。因此，可分配所需的焊接参数，焊接参数已经与尺寸相关并且与材料相关地存储在控制器中。
作为替代方案，传感器也可设置在加热镜上。
参考标记列表
1 对焊装置
2 夹持点
3 管端部
4 传感器
5 刨子
6 曲线/半径。

Claims (10)

1.用于检测夹持在对焊机中的塑料管端部的方法，所述塑料管端部通过刨子刨平，所述刨子能被引入塑料管端部之间，并随后通过加热镜加热，所述加热镜能被引入塑料管端部之间，并且在移除所述加热镜之后塑料管端部被焊接在一起，所述刨子和/或所述加热镜通过受控运动倾斜进入塑料管端部之间，其特征在于，通过设置在所述刨子上和/或所述加热镜上的至少一个传感器来执行在所述刨子和/或所述加热镜的倾斜进入的受控运动期间检测或感测塑料管端部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，通过单独的传感器分别检测或感测两个相对的塑料管端部。
3.根据权利要求1和2中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，通过光学传感器来执行塑料管端部的检测或感测。
4.根据权利要求1和2中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，通过激光器来执行塑料管端部的检测或感测。
5.根据权利要求1和2中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，通过电容传感器来执行塑料管端部的检测或感测。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，非接触地执行塑料管端部的检测或感测。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，通过传感器确定管尺寸。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，通过传感器确定管材料。
9.用于对焊塑料管端部的装置，特别是通过根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，所述装置包括以同轴位置设置的两个夹持点，所述夹持点保持塑料管端部，刨子，所述刨子能够被引入塑料管端部之间以便于刨平塑料管端部，和用于随后加热塑料管端部的加热镜，所述加热镜能够被引入塑料管端部之间，并且在移除所述加热镜后通过将夹持点朝向彼此移动而将塑料管端部焊接在一起，所述刨子和/或所述加热镜通过受控运动倾斜进入塑料管端部之间，其特征在于，至少一个传感器设置在所述刨子上和/或所述加热镜上，所述至少一个传感器用于在所述刨子和/或所述加热镜倾斜进入的受控运动期间检测或感测塑料管端部。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，运动过程优选地全部在被控制的同时发生，或由装置的控制器调节。
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