JP6557355B2 - 3次元造形部材の作製方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
2 ケーシング
3 処理チャンバ
4 処理チャンバ底部
5 備蓄容器
6 造形空間
7 造形プラットフォーム
8 オーバーフロー容器
9 造形材料
11 塗工ブレード
12 塗工機
13 粉体層
14 造形部材
15 照射装置
16 レーザ
17 スキャナ
18 レーザ光線
19 メモリ
20 プロセッサ
21 レーザ光線
31 センサ機器
32 プロセッサ
33 プロセッサ32の出力端
40 溶融スポット
50 可視化機器
60 連結孔部
61 力流線
62 力流領域
Claims (10)
- 生成的造形方法による3次元造形部材14の作製方法であって、前記造形部材(14)が、光線(18)により硬化可能な造形材料(9)の硬化によって、特に、選択的レーザ溶融法又は選択的レーザ焼成法によって作製され、前記造形部材(14)が、光線(18)の作用により硬化可能な造形材料(9)を溶融又は焼成により順次硬化させることによって作製され、
生成的造形装置(1)、特に、処理チャンバ(3)と、前記造形材料(9)を支持するための造形プラットフォーム(7)と、この造形プラットフォーム(7)の上方に配置され、かつ前記造形材料(9)に溶融領域又は焼成領域を形成するためにエネルギーを点状又は線状に投入するための光線源とを備えたSLM装置又はSLS装置を設けることと、
形成された溶融領域又は焼成領域を選択的に検出し、そこから前記溶融領域又は焼成領域を特徴付けるセンサ値を生成するためのセンサ機器(31)を設けることと、
前記センサ値を、前記センサ値を前記造形部材(14)内で位置特定する座標値と共に記憶することと、
の特徴を備えた方法において、
作製すべき前記造形部材又は作製された前記造形部材(14)内の負荷情報及び力流情報を、その作製すべき前記造形部材又は作製された前記造形部材(14)内のクリティカルな負荷領域を検出する計算方法又は測定方法によって検出することと、
造形部材品質を評価するために検出された前記センサ値を、前記センサ値を位置特定する座標値と共に、負荷情報及び力流情報の座標と空間的に相関させて、
造形部材品質に不利に作用する前記センサ値が前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域の中の領域内に確定された造形部材(14)を、所要の造形部材品質に相応する造形部材(14)ではないと分類し、
造形部材品質に不利に影響する前記センサ値が前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域から十分な間隔をもって確定された造形部材(14)を、所要の造形部材品質に相応する造形部材(14)として分類する、
ように、完成すべき前記造形部材又は作製された前記造形部材(14)を判定することと、
を特徴とする方法。 - 可視化機器(50)によって、前記センサ値が前記造形部材(14)中の前記センサ値の検出箇所に関連して2次元又は多次元に表示されるとともに、前記造形部材(14)中の前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域がグラフィック表示されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記造形部材(14)の前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域の中の領域内に配置され、かつ造形部材品質に不利に影響するセンサ値を光学的に強調することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記造形部材(14)を通って延在する複数の負荷情報及び力流情報を、共通して力流領域(62)として計算及び/又は図示するとともに、前記力流領域(62)のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域の中の領域内に有り、かつ造形部材品質に不利に影響するセンサ値を表示すること及び/又は光学的に強調することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域、或いは力流領域(62)の中の領域において造形部材品質に不利に作用するセンサ値が造形過程中に確定された場合、この造形過程を中断することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 造形部材品質に不利に影響するセンサ値が前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域、或いは力流領域(62)から十分な間隔をもって存在することが、前記作製された造形部材又は作製すべき造形部材(14)の安全性の分類に依存することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 造形部材品質に不利に作用するセンサ値が前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域の中の領域に確定された場合、この造形部材品質に不利に作用するセンサ値が確定された造形部材領域が、新たな被覆目的及び/又は修復目的で新たに溶融され、次に、この新たに溶融された溶融領域又は焼成領域を特徴付けるセンサ値が前記センサ機器(31)によって新たに作成されることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 作製すべき造形部材又は作製された造形部材(14)は、負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域、或いは力流領域(62)における造形部材品質に不利に影響するセンサ値の前記の確定された間隔に応じて、異なる安全性要求(段階)に対して十分であるとマーキングされることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
- 前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域、或いは力流領域(62)における造形部材品質に不利に影響するセンサ値の間隔が、前記可視化機器(50)を用いて測定可能であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記負荷情報及び力流情報のクリティカルな領域又は高負荷領域、或いは力流領域(62)としての前記センサ値の表示が、グラフィック構成の品質安全性造形プロトコルとしてプリントアウト可能又は記憶可能であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
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DE102015113700.3A DE102015113700A1 (de) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-19 | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Bauteils |
PCT/EP2016/057506 WO2016169768A1 (de) | 2015-04-22 | 2016-04-06 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines dreidimensionalen bauteils |
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CN107427921A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
CN111618299A (zh) | 2020-09-04 |
EP3285943B1 (de) | 2021-09-29 |
DE102015113700A1 (de) | 2016-10-27 |
US20220134671A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
JP2018513797A (ja) | 2018-05-31 |
US20180111321A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
EP3285943A1 (de) | 2018-02-28 |
US11247400B2 (en) | 2022-02-15 |
CN111618299B (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
WO2016169768A1 (de) | 2016-10-27 |
JP2019194031A (ja) | 2019-11-07 |
CN107427921B (zh) | 2020-06-09 |
JP7409598B2 (ja) | 2024-01-09 |
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