CN107493991A - A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN107493991A CN107493991A CN201710825356.2A CN201710825356A CN107493991A CN 107493991 A CN107493991 A CN 107493991A CN 201710825356 A CN201710825356 A CN 201710825356A CN 107493991 A CN107493991 A CN 107493991A
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- grafting
- walnut
- scion
- stock
- centimetres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G2003/005—Removing buds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：(1) Seedlings nursery arranges；(2) Root-stock selection；(3) scion collection and processing；(4) grafting；(5) unbind；(6) final-period management, Juglans graft survival rate are improved to more than 90%；After the plant of grafting Juglans, 3 years start to bear fruit, and get bumper crops within 5 years.Using the walnut nursery of grafting of the present invention, its Resistant, drought resisting, Flood resistance are remarkably reinforced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree seedling culture method field, and in particular to a kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Walnut is a kind of important oil plant fruit tree, and economic value is very high.Walnut kernel is in addition to rich in fat, protein, dimension life
The content of element and several mineral materials is also very high, frequently as a kind of high tonic, and with certain medical effectiveness.With people
Growth in the living standard, healthy nutritive value and medical functions understanding to walnut deepen constantly, the quality of walnut there has also been
Higher requirement, thus selects that duricrust is thinner using modern science and technology and means, and the high new varieties of kernel percent, which just turn into, solves this
The primary means of problem.Because Seedling propagation progeny variation is very big, develop Walnut Industry, it is necessary to by vegetative propagation, tissue training
Support and cuttage root-taking is extremely difficult, propagation by grafiting is still current main breeding practice.
Plant graft is come what is carried out using the function after plant injury with callus, is an important plant propagation skill
Art.During grafting, make two forming layers for hindering face close and tighten together, as a result because of hyperplasia, be healing each other to dimension pipe
The entirety to link together is organized, here it is the principle of grafting.Plant graft does not produce seed bearing fruit tree (such as to some
Some kinds of persimmon, citrus) breeding meaning it is great, the merit of scion variety can be kept, and can has using stock
Sharp characteristic, reach precocity fruiting, enhancing winter resistance, drought resistance, the ability of disease and insect resistance, moreover it is possible to economic utilization propagating materials, increase
Nursery stock quantity, it is usually used in the breeding of fruit tree, forest, flowers, is also used in melon vegetables nursery.
Situation shows especially prominent in the case where Sichuan Province In Spring temperature is relatively low, temperature Change is big, causes Sichuan walnut good
Kind graft survival rate is significantly changed between 20%~70%, and crop field totality survival rate is less than 50% in production.To find out its cause,
First it is that walnut tree body spring bleeding is vigorous, contains more tanning matter in tissue fluid, section ingress of air during grafting, rapidly
Blackening is aoxidized, makes the reduction of section cytoactive, causes the slack-off or poor healing of anvil fringe healing；Secondly, stock moisture is excessively sufficient, connects
Fringe dehydration etc. will cause poor wound healing；Again, different engrafting method, grafting efficiency, forming layer contact surface are variant, lead
Cause healing is not good enough, and survival rate is low.In the case where grafting time, seedbed moisture condition are controllable, engrafting method, which turns into, influences grafting
An important factor for survival rate.Existing grafting seedlings-growing method, it can not be exported due to " bleeding " that graft union is formed, forming layer contact
Area is small, often causes graft union poor healing, survival rate very low.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：(1) Seedlings nursery arranges：The flat soil of physical features is selected, by wide 1.5-3.0m, long 4.5-7.0m specification
The deep seedbeds of 10-18cm are dug, the space of excavation is filled up with culture medium, then the soil dug out is laid on culture medium, thick
Spend for 3-7cm, while irrigated with water, and dry 20-36h, turn into Seedlings nursery；
(2) Root-stock selection：Select head uniformly, without disease pest Walnut Seed, be embedded to Seedlings nursery after 3-5 month clear water soaks 1 day, bury
It is 5-7 centimetres to hide depth, and ground is covered after watering pours water, and soil is mended in good time moisturizing, treats that seed is sprouted, plumule is grown to more than or equal to 5
Centimetre when used as stock；Sprout is re-used as stock use after being unearthed can influence Relationship between Graft Effect；
(3) scion collection and processing：Walnut sprout to be grafted is gathered as scion, under scion cotyledon about at 0.9-1.1cm
Two-sided wedge shape is whittled into young stem both sides, bevel is smooth；
(4) grafting：The scion cut is inserted in stock otch, is brought into close contact both scion and stock forming layer, and with thin
Film bar bundled fixed simultaneously exposes scion bud point, obtains grafting；
(5) unbind：When scion bud length is to 8cm, draws disconnected plastics from the interface back side and tie up bar, promote its diameter increment；
(6) final-period management：After grafting 10-20 days, cut anvil, shield bud, the benefit that carries out not survived is connect；Pay attention to insect pest preventing and controlling after 30 days
With managing and protecting for young shoot.
In step (2)：Grafting is carried out during 0.5 centimetre of stock rudiment, stock is scabbled with chopper, then is connect ready
Fringe cuts bud length as 3 centimetres, is whittled into timber wedge shape, is then cut into T-shaped mouth from the downward 3 centimetres of depths of riving in stock centre with chopper.
In step (2)：The time of Walnut Seed is collected in annual late August to late October.
In step (2)：The time applied fertilizer to the stock is 15 days before grafting.
In step (3)：The processing of the fringe bar is carried out with the following method：Select choiceness individual plant, 3-4 month sprouts
Before sprouting, the intensive branch of bar is first concentrated with rope colligation, then with black plastic bag bagging, axillary bud growth is to being more than after 20 days
3 centimetres, the axillary bud is won as grafting fringe bar.
The present invention is had the following advantages relative to prior art and effect：
1. present invention reduces growing-seedling period, go out garden from cultivating to stock to grafting, only need one-year age, and other method needs
Will at least two years；
2. the process that scion with connecing, eliminates traditional grafting scion and need to store with adopting, saves labor.
3. using the engrafting method of the present invention, Juglans graft survival rate is improved to more than 90%；Grafting Juglans are transplanted
Afterwards, start to bear fruit within 3 years, get bumper crops within 5 years.Using the walnut nursery of grafting of the present invention, its Resistant, drought resisting, Flood resistance substantially increase
By force.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment：A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) Seedlings nursery arranges：Selectively
The flat soil of gesture, the deep seedbeds of 10-18cm are dug by wide 1.5-3.0m, long 4.5-7.0m specification, the space of excavation is cultivated
Matrix is filled up, and then the soil dug out is laid on culture medium, thickness 3-7cm, while is irrigated with water, and dries 20-
36h, turn into Seedlings nursery；
(2) Root-stock selection：Select head uniformly, without disease pest Walnut Seed, be embedded to Seedlings nursery after 3-5 month clear water soaks 1 day, bury
It is 5-7 centimetres to hide depth, and ground is covered after watering pours water, in good time moisturizing, treats that seed is sprouted, plumule is grown to more than or equal to 5 centimetres
Shi Zuowei stocks use；Sprout is re-used as stock use after being unearthed can influence Relationship between Graft Effect；
(3) scion collection and processing：Walnut sprout to be grafted is gathered as scion, under scion cotyledon about at 0.9-1.1cm
Two-sided wedge shape is whittled into young stem both sides, bevel is smooth；
(4) grafting：The scion cut is inserted in stock otch, is brought into close contact both scion and stock forming layer, and with thin
Film bar bundled fixed simultaneously exposes scion bud point, obtains grafting；
(5) unbind：When scion bud length is to 8cm, draws disconnected plastics from the interface back side and tie up bar, promote its diameter increment；
(6) final-period management：After grafting 10-20 days, cut anvil, shield bud, the benefit that carries out not survived is connect；Pay attention to insect pest preventing and controlling after 30 days
With managing and protecting for young shoot.
In step (2)：Grafting is carried out during 0.5 centimetre of stock rudiment, stock is scabbled with chopper, then is connect ready
Fringe cuts bud length as 3 centimetres, is whittled into timber wedge shape, is then cut into T-shaped mouth from the downward 3 centimetres of depths of riving in stock centre with chopper.
In step (2)：The time of Walnut Seed is collected in annual late August to late October.
In step (2)：The time applied fertilizer to the stock is 15 days before grafting.
In step (3)：The processing of the fringe bar is carried out with the following method：Select choiceness individual plant, 3-4 month sprouts
Before sprouting, the intensive branch of bar is first concentrated with rope colligation, then with black plastic bag bagging, axillary bud growth is to being more than after 20 days
3 centimetres, the axillary bud is won as grafting fringe bar.
In the present embodiment, after planting seedbed through fill it is permeable after, if moist, come up it is previous as be not required to pour water, but
Often to keep seedbed to moisten, it is impossible to when dry trend, in order to avoid cause the mold of seed, after coming up, then according to weather condition, fit
When pour water, poured water weekly 1 ~ 2 time in arid season, rainy season pays attention to the water drainage in nursery, avoid powdery mildew, root rot and other disease
Harmful generation.
In addition to sowing preceding seedbed and using sufficient culture matrix, 2 ~ 3 nitrogenous fertilizer of top dressing are wanted in the growth period of seedling（Night soil, urea,
Ammonium sulfate etc.）, accelerate the growth of nursery stock.Autumn top dressing rapid available phosphorus, a potash fertilizer（Such as plant ash, calcium superphosphate）, to promote seedling
Wooden lignifying, improve cold tolerance of surviving the winter.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
For personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that described in above-described embodiment and specification is only the present invention
Preference, be not intended to limit the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also have it is various
Changes and improvements, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by institute
Attached claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) Seedlings nursery arranges：Select the flat soil of physical features
Earth, the deep seedbeds of 10-18cm are dug by wide 1.5-3.0m, long 4.5-7.0m specification, the space of excavation is filled up with culture medium,
Then the soil dug out is laid on culture medium, thickness 3-7cm, while irrigated with water, and dry 20-36h, turn into nursery
Garden；(2) Root-stock selection：Select head uniformly, without disease pest Walnut Seed, be embedded to Seedlings nursery after 3-5 month clear water soaks 1 day, bury
It is 5-7 centimetres to hide depth, and ground is covered after watering pours water, in good time moisturizing, treats that seed is sprouted, plumule is grown to more than or equal to 5 centimetres
Shi Zuowei stocks use；Sprout is re-used as stock use after being unearthed can influence Relationship between Graft Effect；(3) scion collection and processing：Collection
Walnut sprout to be grafted is whittled into two-sided wedge shape as scion about at 0.9-1.1cm under scion cotyledon in young stem both sides,
Bevel is smooth；(4) grafting：The scion cut is inserted in stock otch, is brought into close contact both scion and stock forming layer, and
With film tape bundled fixed and expose scion bud point, obtain grafting；(5) unbind：When scion bud length is to 8cm, carried on the back from interface
Face draws disconnected plastics and ties up bar, promotees its diameter increment；(6) final-period management：After grafting 10-20 days, cut anvil, shield bud, enter to what is do not survived
Row benefit connects；Managing and protecting for insect pest preventing and controlling and young shoot is paid attention to after 30 days.
A kind of 2. walnut branches of tall trees reconfiguration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anvil in the step (2)
Grafting is carried out during 0.5 centimetre of wooden rudiment, stock is scabbled with chopper, then ready scion is cut bud length as 3 centimetres, is cut
Into timber wedge shape, then T-shaped mouth is cut into from the downward 3 centimetres of depths of riving in stock centre with chopper.
A kind of 3. walnut branches of tall trees reconfiguration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the receipts in the step (2)
Collect the time of Walnut Seed in annual late August to late October.
4. a kind of walnut branches of tall trees reconfiguration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to institute in the step (2)
It is 15 days before grafting to state the time that stock is applied fertilizer.
A kind of 5. walnut branches of tall trees reconfiguration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the institute in the step (3)
The processing for stating fringe bar is carried out with the following method：Choiceness individual plant is selected, before 3-4 month sprouts are sprouted, by the branch that bar is intensive
Bar is first concentrated with rope colligation, then with black plastic bag bagging, axillary bud growth wins axillary bud work to being more than 3 centimetres after 20 days
For grafting fringe bar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710825356.2A CN107493991A (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-09-14 | A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710825356.2A CN107493991A (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-09-14 | A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107493991A true CN107493991A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710825356.2A Pending CN107493991A (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-09-14 | A kind of walnut method for culturing seedlings |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144517A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-08-10 | 郧县清青农林科技有限公司 | Grafting method of superior walnut |
| CN102197764A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-09-28 | 汪锋 | Method for grafting walnut tree |
| CN104137740A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-12 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Walnut grafting method |
| CN104798605A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-29 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Method for efficiently grafting walnut clone seedlings |
| CN105165524A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-23 | 管天球 | Walnut big seedling culture method |
| CN105265185A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-27 | 天津盛源鑫科技有限公司 | Method for improving walnut seedling grafting survival rate |
| CN105613196A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 仁怀市龙井乡利东种植开发有限公司 | Walnut seedling cultivating method |
| CN106856999A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-20 | 屏边苗箐生态农业有限公司 | A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high |
| CN106973703A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-07-25 | 广西天海园林工程有限公司南丹分公司 | A kind of walnut nursery stock grafting and breeding method |
-
2017
- 2017-09-14 CN CN201710825356.2A patent/CN107493991A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144517A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-08-10 | 郧县清青农林科技有限公司 | Grafting method of superior walnut |
| CN102197764A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-09-28 | 汪锋 | Method for grafting walnut tree |
| CN105265185A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-27 | 天津盛源鑫科技有限公司 | Method for improving walnut seedling grafting survival rate |
| CN104137740A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-12 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Walnut grafting method |
| CN104798605A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-29 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Method for efficiently grafting walnut clone seedlings |
| CN105165524A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-23 | 管天球 | Walnut big seedling culture method |
| CN105613196A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 仁怀市龙井乡利东种植开发有限公司 | Walnut seedling cultivating method |
| CN106973703A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-07-25 | 广西天海园林工程有限公司南丹分公司 | A kind of walnut nursery stock grafting and breeding method |
| CN106856999A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-20 | 屏边苗箐生态农业有限公司 | A kind of survival rate Juglans engrafting method high |
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